JP2003340646A - Reamer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To form a hole at a position set by a reamer by a counter boring blade and a rough finishing blade irrespective of a punched hole even if the pre-formed punched hole is misaligned, accurately finish the hole by the use of a finishing blade, a first round land and a second round land, and therefore form the accurate hole by a single boring operation. <P>SOLUTION: A blade 13 of the reamer 10 includes the counter boring blade 22 formed on the leading edge surface 35 of the reamer for being cut into a work in response to feeding toward the center axial line 16, the rough finishing blade 23 formed along the outer periphery of the counter boring blade 22 for cutting into the work in the direction orthogonal to the center axial line 16, the finishing blade 24 formed along the outer periphery connecting backward with the rough finishing blade 23 for finishing the internal surface of the hole, and a first round land 31 and a second round land 32 sequentially formed on the clearance surface 44 of the finishing blade 24 for guiding the blade 24. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a reamer used for accurately finishing a hole.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Reamers include, for example, JIS B 44.
01-4413. Such a reamer is a tool used for accurately finishing a pre-drilled hole in a work and simultaneously obtaining a smooth finished surface. An example is shown in the following figure. 9 (a) and 9 (b) are views showing an example of hole drilling using a conventional reamer, showing the processing of a cast hole. Here, the casting hole 102 formed in advance in the casting 101 is displaced by the distance E with respect to the hole reference 103. The position of the casting hole is often displaced within the tolerance range.

(A): First, the prepared hole drilling process is started. Specifically, the drill 105 is set on the machine tool 104, the center of the drill 105 is aligned with the hole reference 103 of the hole, and then the hole 106 is formed in the casting 101 by the drill 105. (B): Next, a reamer finishing process is performed. Specifically, after machining the hole 106, the machine tool 104 is temporarily stopped, the drill is replaced with the reamer 107, and the hole 106 is machined by the reamer 107, whereby the hole 106 can be finished to a size within a predetermined tolerance.

The reamer 107 includes a shank 108 and a blade portion 1.
09, and the blade 109 is the main cutting edge 1 provided at the tip.
11 ... (... indicates a plurality; the same applies hereinafter), a secondary cutting edge 112 provided on the outer periphery, and a chip discharge groove 113 ... Hole 1 by sub cutting edge 112
Sharpen 06 to finish it accurately.

[0005]

However, in order to finish the hole 106 with the conventional reamer 107, it is necessary to provide two working steps, which increases the production cost. That is,
The time and effort required to prepare the drill 105 and the reamer 107 and the drill 1
It takes time to replace 05 with the reamer 107, and the production efficiency of hole drilling decreases. Although it is possible to construct a modified reamer by modifying the reamer according to the application, in the modified reamer, when the casting hole 102 as shown in FIG. To finish
It is difficult to finish the recast reamer by repositioning the misaligned casting holes in the correct positions.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a reamer that forms a hole with high accuracy by one-time drilling.

[0007]

To achieve the above object, in a reamer comprising a shank and a blade portion provided at one end of the shank, the blade portion is formed on the tip surface of the reamer. , A counterbore blade that cuts into the workpiece with respect to the feed in the central axis direction, a coarse blade that is formed on the outer periphery of the counterbore blade and that cuts into the workpiece in the direction orthogonal to the central axis, and an outer periphery that continues behind the coarse blade. It is characterized in that it is provided with a finishing blade which is formed to finish the inner surface of the hole, and a first round land and a second round land which are sequentially formed on the flank of the finishing blade and guide the finishing blade.

By providing a spot facing blade on the tip surface of the reamer,
Pre-formed holes are cut to expand the diameter. That is, even if the position of the preformed hole is displaced, the hole can be formed while engraving the workpiece in parallel with the axis of the reamer with the spot facing blade, and by forming the rough blade on the outer periphery, the axis of the reamer is formed. It is possible to cut into the work in a direction orthogonal to. As a result, the reamer forms a hole based on the position where the reamer is set, without following the displaced hole.

A rough blade is formed by providing a finishing blade formed on the outer periphery connected to the rear of the rough blade, and a first round land and a second round land formed in order on the flank of the finishing blade. While cutting the finishing allowance with a finishing blade,
The finishing knives are guided by the round lands and the second round lands, and the runout of the finishing blades is suppressed, so that the accuracy of the holes is improved.

A second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that a convex drill blade is provided at the center of the tip surface of the reamer. When a reamer is provided with a drill blade and the reamer contacts the surface of the workpiece, the drill blade cuts the surface. As a result, for example, when the preformed hole is a blind hole, the drill blade cuts the bottom surface of the hole to form a through hole.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings should be viewed in the direction of the reference numerals. FIG. 1 is a side view of a reamer according to the present invention. A reamer 10 includes a shank 11 and the shank 11.
It has a blade portion 13 provided at one end 12 and a tip 14 provided at the blade portion 13, and has an oil hole 15. 16 indicates a central axis line. The shank 11 is formed with a detent portion 17.

The blade portion 13 includes a drill blade 21, a spot facing blade 22, a rough blade 23, a finishing blade 24, a chip discharging groove 25, a first round land 31 and a second round land in order from the tip side on the left side of the drawing. And 32.

FIG. 2 is a detailed view of part 2 of FIG. 1, and includes a drill blade 21, a spot facing blade 22, a rough blade 23, a finishing blade 24, a chip discharging groove 25, a first round land 31 and a second round land. The land 32 is shown. Reference numeral 33 indicates an axis line orthogonal to the central axis line 16.

The counterbore blade 22 is formed by forming a counterbore cutting edge 36 on the reamer tip surface 35 by inclining it toward the central axis 16 (in the direction of the arrow) on the shank side by a predetermined angle θz, and on the rake face 37, A countersink flank 38 is formed, and a cutting edge 36 is provided on the tip 14. Further, the spot facing blade 22 cuts into the workpiece with respect to the feed in the direction of the central axis 16 (the direction of the arrow).

The rough blade 23 has a rough blade cutting edge 41 formed on the outer periphery continuous with the spot facing blade 22 and a rough blade flank 42. The cutting edge 41 is provided on the tip 14. Further, the rough blade 23 has the axis line 3 orthogonal to the central axis line 16.
Cut into the work in three directions (directions of arrows).

The finishing blade 24 has a finishing blade cutting edge 43 formed on the outer periphery extending rearward of the rough blade 23 (in the direction of the arrow) and a finishing blade flank 44.
The cutting edge 43 is provided on the tip 14. The finishing blade 24
The rake face of the rough blade 23 is the rake face 37
Was also used.

The first round land 31 is formed on the flank face 44 of the finishing blade 24 and on the outer periphery continuous with the rake face 37. The width of the first round land 31 was set to W1. The second round land 32 is a flank face 44 of the finishing blade 24.
It is formed above and behind the first round land 31 with respect to the rotation direction during cutting (the direction of the arrow (see FIG. 3)). The width of the second round land 32 was set to W2 (see FIG. 3). The width W2 is larger than the width W1 (W2> W1).

The drill blade 21 has a cutting edge 47 for the drill blade projecting from the center portion 46 of the reamer tip surface 35 and a predetermined tip angle θ.
In addition to forming at t, a rake face 48 for a drill blade and a flank face 49 for a drill blade are formed.

The oil hole 15 has a first oil jet port 51 opening to the flank 49 of the drill blade 21, a second oil jet port 52 opening to the chip discharge groove 25, and a third oil jet port 53. Have.

FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrow 3 in FIG.
Two cutting blades 47, 47 for a drill blade are formed on the cutting edge, and a cutting edge 36 for counterbore 36 ... (... indicates a plurality, the same applies hereinafter), a cutting edge 41 for rough blade, ... Four cutting edges 43 for blades are formed, and four chip discharge grooves 25, first round lands 31 and second round lands 32 are formed. Indicates.

In FIG. 3, the diameter of the first round land 31 is set to D1, the outer circumference of the first round land 31 is an arc of diameter D1, and the diameter of the second round land 32 is set to D2. ,
This shows that the outer circumference of the second round land 32 is an arc having a diameter D2. Diameter D2 is slightly smaller than diameter D1 (D2
<D1).

FIG. 4 is a view taken in the direction of arrow 4 in FIG. 3, in which the cutting edge 47 for the drill blade, the flanks 49, 49 for the drill blade, the cutting edge 36, 36, 36 for the spot facing, the cutting edge 41 for the rough edge, 41,4
1 shows cutting edges 43, 43, 43 for finishing blades.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the blade portion of the reamer according to the present invention. As described above, the blade portion 13 is formed on the reamer tip surface 35, and is a counterbore blade 22 ... And a counterbore blade 22 that cuts into the workpiece with respect to the feed in the direction of the central axis 16 (the direction of the arrow). .. which are formed on the outer periphery of and cut into the workpiece in the directions (X-axis direction, Y-axis direction) orthogonal to the central axis 16 and behind the rough blades 23. )
Finishing blade 2 that is formed on the outer periphery of the hole and finishes the inner surface of the hole
4 ... and the flanks 44 of the finishing blades 24 ... in order (in the direction of the arrow) to guide the finishing blades 24. And a land 32. Further, the drill blade 21 was provided at the central portion 46 of the reamer tip surface 35.

The operation of the reamer described above will be described below. 6 (a) and 6 (b) are first operation diagrams of the reamer according to the present invention. In (a), the reamer 10 is used to make a hole in a predetermined position 56 of a casting 55 as a work. The casting 55 is a casting in which a casting hole 57 is formed in advance at a predetermined position 56 so as to improve the processing efficiency. However, the casting hole 57 has a dimension H within a tolerance with respect to the predetermined position 56. The center 58 is displaced. The casting 55 is fed so that the predetermined position 56 of the casting 55 and the central axis 16 of the reamer 10 coincide with each other, and the machining is started while supplying the cutting oil 59. That is, drilling is started with the cast hole 57 displaced.

In (b), the cast holes 5 are out of position.
When the reamer 10 comes into contact with the mouth of No. 7, the counterbore 22 causes the casting 55 to cut the counterboring cutting edge 36 by a predetermined amount, and continues to make a hole in the casting 55 while forming chips 61 .... As a result, the reamer 10 can independently form the hole 62 that substantially coincides with the predetermined position 56 without following the cast hole 57 that is pre-opened and deviated in position. Therefore, a hole with high positional accuracy can be processed.

When the reamer 10 comes into contact with the misaligned casting hole 57, the rough blade 23 moves the outer peripheral cutting blade 41 for the rough blade in the direction orthogonal to the central axis 16 (X-axis direction, Y-axis direction (Fig. 5))), it is possible to cut in a direction orthogonal to the casting 55.

Further, since the finishing blade 24 formed behind the rough blade 23 cuts the finishing allowance a formed by the rough blade 23, the cutting resistance applied to the finishing blade 24 is small and the finishing blade 24 can accurately form the hole 62. Finish well.

As shown in FIG. 2, the spot facing blade 22 has a structure in which a spot facing cutting edge 36 is inclined on the reamer tip surface 35 toward the central axis 16 (in the direction of the arrow) toward the shank by a predetermined angle θz. Therefore, the force of cutting can be increased by the inclination of the angle θz, the sharpness can be improved, and the hole 62 (see FIG. 6) is formed without following the cast hole 57 (see FIG. 6). be able to.

7 (a) and 7 (b) are second action diagrams of the reamer according to the present invention. In (a), when the reamer 10 reaches the bottom 63 of the casting hole 57, the drill blade 21 cuts into the surface of the bottom 63, so that the drill blade 21 can form a hole in a portion having no hole in advance. Here, a hole 62 which is penetrated as shown by a chain double-dashed line can be formed in a portion having no hole in advance.

In (b), the reamer 10 alone can be used to accurately form the hole 62 in the casting hole 57 that is displaced by the dimension H. That is, it is possible to form a highly accurate hole by making one hole.

FIG. 8 is a third action diagram of the reamer according to the present invention. The reamer 10 rotates as shown by the arrow, and the finishing blade 24
Since the finishing allowance a formed by the rough blades 23 is cut by ..., the cutting resistance applied to the finishing blades 24 is small, and the holes 62 are accurately finished. Further, when the finishing blades 24 ... Cut the finishing allowance a, the finishing blades 24 ... Are guided by the first round lands 31 ... And the second round lands 32. The finishing blades 24 ... Do not swing greatly and the accuracy (diameter dimension, surface roughness) of the hole 62 can be secured.

Since the diameter D2 of the second round land 32 is slightly smaller than the diameter D1 of the first round land 31, the second round land 32 can be loosely fitted.
The finishing blades 24 can be positioned without restraining the rotation (direction of the arrow) of the reamer 10.

It is also possible to omit the counterbore blade 22 of FIG. 2 shown in the embodiment of the present invention and to connect the drill blade 21 to the rough blade 23. By making the drill blade 21 continuous with the rough blade 23, it is possible to directly form an accurate hole (or hole) on a flat surface when the hole is not formed in advance. The number of each cutting edge and the number of lands are arbitrary. The shape of the cast hole is arbitrary. Further, although the hole 62 is formed in the casting hole 57, it is not limited to the casting hole. The presence or absence of a chip and the shape of the chip are arbitrary.

[0034]

The present invention has the following effects due to the above configuration. In the first aspect of the present invention, since the blade portion of the reamer includes the counterbore blade formed on the tip surface of the reamer and the rough blade formed on the outer periphery of the counterbore blade, even if the position of the hole formed in advance is shifted. The hole can be formed while engraving the work with the spot facing blade on the tip surface of the reamer, and the work can be cut in the direction orthogonal to the axis of the reamer with the rough blade formed on the outer periphery. As a result, the reamer can independently form the hole at the position where the reamer is set without following the displaced hole. Further, since the reamer includes the finishing blade formed on the outer periphery continuing to the rear of the rough blade, and the first round land and the second round land formed in order on the flank of the finishing blade, the reamer is formed with the rough blade. The finishing allowance can be cut by the rear finishing blade, the cutting resistance applied to the finishing blade is reduced, and the hole can be finished accurately. Since the finishing blade is guided by the first round land and the second round land to prevent the finishing blade from swinging, the hole can be finished accurately. Therefore, it is possible to form a highly accurate hole by making one hole.

According to the present invention, since the convex drill blade is provided at the center of the reamer tip surface, when the reamer comes into contact with the surface of the work, the surface can be cut by the drill blade and the work is penetrated. be able to. As a result, even if the previously formed hole is a blind hole, the through hole can be formed by making a single hole.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a reamer according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a detailed view of part 2 of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a view on arrow 3 of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a view on arrow 4 of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a blade portion of a reamer according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a first operation diagram of the reamer according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a second operation diagram of the reamer according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a third action diagram of the reamer according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of hole drilling using a conventional reamer.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... Reamer, 11 ... Shank, 12 ... One end of shank, 13 ... Blade portion, 16 ... Central axis line, 21 ... Drill blade, 2
2 ... Counterbore blade, 23 ... Coarse blade, 24 ... Finishing blade, 31 ... First round land, 32 ... Second round land, 35 ... Reamer tip surface, 44 ... Finishing blade flank surface, 46 ... Reamer tip Center part of the surface, 55 ... Work (casting), 62 ... Hole.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A reamer comprising a shank and a blade portion provided at one end of the shank, wherein the blade portion is formed on a tip end surface of the reamer and is a counterbore blade for cutting into a work with respect to feed in a central axis direction. And a rough blade formed on the outer periphery of the spot facing blade, which is cut into the work in a direction orthogonal to the central axis, and a finish blade which is formed on the outer periphery continuous to the rear of the rough blade and finishes the inner surface of the hole, A reamer comprising: a first round land and a second round land that are sequentially formed on the flank of the finishing blade and guide the finishing blade. 2. The reamer according to claim 1, wherein a convex drill blade is provided in a central portion of the tip surface of the reamer.