JP2003336802A - Steam generator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stem generator which evaporates water instantly without hampering steam circulation by the water. <P>SOLUTION: Multiple flat tubes 1 are horizontally aligned in parallel and the major axis of the cross section of the flat tube 1 is positioned in a gravity direction. Both sides of a fin 2 in the thickness direction are respectively joined and fixed to the respective surfaces of adjacent flat tubes 1 facing each other for constituting a core 3. A water-supplying device 4 is arranged over the core 3. High temperature heating fluid 14 circulates in each flat tube 1, and the water-supplying device 4 sprays water on the core 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an instantaneous steam generator for generating steam to be supplied to a reformer for a fuel cell, as an example.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a steam generator, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-280
The one described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 501 and many others are known. As shown in FIG. 9, in the steam generator of the above publication, a large number of tubes 11a are horizontally arranged in a casing 16, and both ends of each tube 11a communicate with a pair of tanks 9a, 10a. A partition portion is provided in the tank 9a to divide the inside into upper and lower parts, and steam is supplied from a pipe b and circulates in two passes so as to make a U-turn in each tube 11a.

A partition 17 for separating the end of the tube 11a from the other is provided in the casing 16, and headers 12c are arranged on both sides of the partition 17, respectively.
Is supplied with water from the pipe a, and the water is sprayed from the nozzle 13a onto the tube 11a. The sprayed water is in the tube 11a.
It is warmed up by and is collected in the lower part of the casing 16. The stored warm water is sprayed from the nozzle 13a of the left header 12c via the pipe c and the circulation pump 14a, and is evaporated in the casing 16 on the left side of the partition 17. Then, the vapor 15a is taken out to the outside.

[0004]

The steam generator shown above is good for generating a large amount of steam, but it is difficult to generate steam instantly, and therefore it is used as a steam generator for a reformer for a fuel cell or the like. Is not suitable. In order to promote heat exchange, temporarily arrange the tubes 11a more closely
It is also possible to make the gap of 11a extremely small. However, in that case, the space between the tubes 11a may be blocked by a water film. Then, the water film may prevent the steam from being taken out smoothly. That is, there is a possibility of causing a flooding phenomenon due to the water-sealed state. Then, this invention makes it a subject to solve such various problems.

[0005]

According to the present invention as set forth in claim 1, a large number of flat tubes (1) are horizontally arranged, and the long axes of the tube cross sections are positioned in the direction of gravity, and the flat tubes are adjacent to each other. A fin (2) is bonded and fixed to both surfaces of the fin (2) on opposite sides of the core (3), and a water supply device (4) is arranged above the core (3). A high-temperature heating fluid (14) is circulated in the flat tube (1), and water is sprayed on the core (3) by the water supply device (4) to generate steam which is vaporized. It is a vessel.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, when the dispersed water is retained as a liquid in the core (3), the fin (2) and the flat tube (1) are mainly used. ) Is adhered to and held at the contact portion with the steam generator, and a steam flow portion is formed in the gap between the other fins. The present invention according to claim 3 relates to claim 1
Or in Claim 2, each said flat tube (1)
Both ends of each are connected to a tank (5), and the heating fluid (14) is supplied in parallel to each flat tube (1) through the tank (5).

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, the fin (2) is formed in a corrugated shape, and the ridgeline of the wave is in the direction of gravity. Located steam generator. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fourth aspect, the fin (2) has a large number of cut-and-raised portions (6) or slits or holes on the rising and falling surfaces of a wave bent in a wave shape. (7) is a steam generator formed.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, the fin (2) has a porous metal (8) made of a metal material formed in a three-dimensional mesh. Is a steam generator. A seventh aspect of the present invention is the steam generator according to the sixth aspect, wherein the metal porous body (8) has a plurality of pores having different pore sizes.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view of a steam generator of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. Further, FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a part III in FIG. In this steam generator, a large number of flat tubes 1 are horizontally arranged, and the long axes of the cross sections of the flat tubes 1 are positioned parallel to the direction of gravity, and corrugated fins are provided on the facing surfaces of adjacent flat tubes 1, respectively. The outer surfaces of the crests and the troughs of the wave 2 contact each other, and the contact portions are brazed and fixed to form the core 3. The corrugated fin type fins 2 are arranged such that their ridge lines are parallel to the direction of gravity. Further, each of the flat tubes 1 communicates with the pair of tanks 5 at both ends thereof. Then, the core 3 is installed in the casing 9.

In the casing 9, a water supply device 4 is arranged above the core 3. This water supply device 4
Header 12b and a plurality of pipes communicating with the header 12b
12a and a nozzle 13 protruding from the pipe 12a at regular intervals
a and. Further, inside the casing 9, there is provided a partition portion 10 that divides each flat tube 1 into two in the horizontal direction. The partition portion 10 is provided with holes (not shown) which are aligned with the respective flat tubes 1, and the flat tubes 1 are provided in the holes.
Penetrates. The space on the left side of the partition section 10 forms an overheated section 19, and the steam 15 passing through the overheated section 19 is used as overheated steam. Next, an inlet pipe 12 and an outlet pipe 13 are projectingly provided on the pair of tanks 5. Further, a vapor outflow pipe 11 is projectingly provided in the left side space in the drawing of the partition section 10.

Into the inlet pipe 12 of the tank 5 constructed as described above, for example, the heating fluid 14 made of a gas body having a high temperature of 400 ° C. to 500 ° C. is introduced, flows through the respective flat tubes 1, and exits. It is discharged from the pipe 13. Then, the flat tube 1 and the fins 2 in contact with the flat tube 1 are heated.
Water (including hot water; the same applies hereinafter) is supplied to the water supply device 4, and the water is sprayed from the nozzle 13a of the pipe 12a onto the core 3. The sprayed water usually evaporates instantly, and its steam 15 goes around the partition 10 as shown in the figure, and is further superheated in the superheater 19 to become superheated steam and is taken out from the steam outflow pipe 11.

When the amount of water supplied from the water supply device 4 is excessive, or when the flat tube 1 and the core 3 are not sufficiently heated, the water sprayed from the water supply device 4 is partially shown as a liquid. It is held like. That is, fin 2
Is mainly held at the contact portion between the flat tube 1 and the flat tube 1. This is due to the action of water adhesion and surface tension. At this time, most of each wave of the fin 2 is opened as a space, and steam can freely flow there.

As an example, such a fin 2 is shown in FIGS.
The one shown in FIG. 7 can be used. 4 shows a corrugated fin whose ridge line is formed in a straight line, FIG. 5 shows a ridge line bent in a wave shape, and FIG. 6 shows a so-called offset type. That is, the cut-and-raised portions 6 are formed on the rising and falling surfaces of the wave, and a large number of openings are formed therein. Also,
In FIG. 7, slits or holes 7 are formed in each part of the fin. Such fins are arranged as shown in FIG. 2 so that their ridges are oriented in the direction of gravity.

Next, FIG. 8 shows another fin 2, which is made of a metal porous material 8 in which a metal material is formed in a three-dimensional mesh. That is, this metallic porous material 8 has a skeleton that looks like the surface of the sea.
It is formed in a three-dimensional mesh shape, and the material is made of nickel or an alloy of nickel chrome or an alloy of nickel chrome aluminum, as an example,
Commercially available product name Celmet from Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. can be used. In this case, the thickness of the metal porous body 8 is arranged so as to match the arrangement gap between the flat tubes 1, and the both surfaces of the metal porous body 8 and the flat surface of the flat tube 1 are brazed. It is joined by the means of.

Also in this case, the fins 2 are arranged on the left side and the right side in the drawing of the partition 10 as in FIG. In addition,
The porosity contained in the metallic porous material 8 may have a plurality of different pore sizes. In this case, water is retained in the smaller pore size, and the larger pore size serves as the steam flow passage. This is because the smaller the pore size, the easier it is to retain water.

[0016]

In the steam generator of the present invention, the long axis of the cross section of each flat tube 1 is positioned in the direction of gravity, and both sides of the fin 2 in the thickness direction are joined and fixed to the facing surface of each flat tube 1. In this way, the core 3 is constituted, and the water is sprayed from the water supply device 4 to the core 3 so that the core 3 is vaporized by the high-temperature heating fluid 14 in the flat tube 1. It can be evaporated.

In the above structure, when the sprinkled water or warm water is held as a liquid, it is attached and held at the contact portion between the fin 2 and the flat tube 1, and a steam flow portion is formed in the gap between the other fins. Can be configured to be. In this case, the generated steam can be smoothly taken out without being alienated from the circulation by the water film. In the above structure, both ends of each flat tube 1 are communicated with the pair of tanks 5, and the heating fluid 14 is supplied to each flat tube 1.
Can be supplied in parallel. In this case, core 3
Each part of can be kept at a high temperature to further enhance the evaporation ability of water.

In the above structure, the fin 2 is formed in a corrugated shape, and the ridgeline of the wave can be arranged in the direction of gravity. In this case, the generated steam can be more smoothly guided to the outside. In the above structure, a large number of cut-and-raised portions 6 or slits or holes 7 can be formed in the fin 2 bent in a wave shape.
As a result, the further generated steam can be smoothly delivered to the outside.

In the above structure, a metal porous material 8 in which a metal material is formed into a three-dimensional mesh can be used as the fin 2. In this case, the sprayed water can be more surely held on the surfaces of the fins 2 and immediately evaporated, and the steam can be smoothly guided to the outside. In the above structure, the metal porous body 8 can be further provided with a plurality of pores having different pore sizes. In this case,
Water is retained in the small holes, and steam smoothly flows through the large holes.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view of a steam generator of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a part III in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of fins 2 used in the steam generator.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of another fin 2.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of another fin 2.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of another fin 2.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of another fin 2.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing an example of a conventional steam generator.

[Explanation of symbols] 1 Flat tube Two fins 3 core 4 Water supply device 5 tanks 6 Cut and raised part 7 holes 8 Metal porous 9 casing 9a tank 10 partition 10a tank 11 Steam outflow pipe 11a tube 12 inlet pipe 12a pipe 12b header 12c header 13 outlet pipe 13a nozzle 14 Heating fluid 14a Circulation pump 15 steam 15a steam 16 casing 17 partitions 18 water 19 Overheated part a to c piping

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) // H01M 8/04 H01M 8/04 N 8/06 8/06 G (72) Inventor Jun Ono Tokyo 3-25-3 Yoyogi, Shibuya Toyo Radiator Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Souji Tanaka 3-25-3 Yoyogi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Toyo Radiator Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 3L103 AA05 AA36 BB05 BB50 CC02 CC22 DD15 DD34 5H027 AA02 BA01

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A large number of flat tubes (1) are horizontally arranged side by side, the major axis of the tube cross section is positioned in the direction of gravity, and fins are provided on the facing surfaces of adjacent flat tubes (1), respectively.
The flat tube (1) is equipped with a core (3) with both sides of the thickness direction of (2) bonded and fixed, and a water supply device (4) arranged above the core (3). Heating fluids (14)
A steam generator configured such that water is distributed to the core (3) by the water supply device (4) and the water is evaporated. 2. The fin according to claim 1, wherein when the dispersed water is retained in the core (3) as a liquid, the fin (2) and the flat tube are mainly used.
(1) A steam generator configured to be attached and held at a contact portion with (1), and have a steam circulation portion formed in a gap between fins other than the above. 3. The flat tube according to claim 1, wherein both ends of each of the flat tubes (1) are connected to a tank (5), and the flat tubes are connected through the tank (5).
A steam generator in which the heating fluid (14) is supplied in parallel to (1). 4. The fin according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fin (2) is formed in a corrugated shape.
A steam generator whose wave ridges are positioned in the direction of gravity. 5. The fin (2) according to claim 4, wherein the fin (2) has a large number of cut-and-raised portions (6) on rising and falling surfaces of a wave which is bent in a wave shape, or
Steam generator with slits or holes (7). 6. The steam generator according to claim 1, wherein the fin (2) is made of a metal porous material (8) in which a metal material is formed into a three-dimensional mesh. 7. The steam generator according to claim 6, wherein the metal porous body (8) has a plurality of pores having different pore sizes.