JP2003334671A - Friction stir welding method, its device, and welding member - Google Patents
Friction stir welding method, its device, and welding memberInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003334671A JP2003334671A JP2002146586A JP2002146586A JP2003334671A JP 2003334671 A JP2003334671 A JP 2003334671A JP 2002146586 A JP2002146586 A JP 2002146586A JP 2002146586 A JP2002146586 A JP 2002146586A JP 2003334671 A JP2003334671 A JP 2003334671A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- joined
- rotary tool
- pedestal
- joining
- members
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は摩擦撹拌接合方法及
びその装置並びに接合部材に関する。本発明は、例え
ば、アルミニウム合金製の板材同士を接合する際に好適
に利用することができる。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a friction stir welding method and apparatus, and a welding member. INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION This invention can be utilized suitably, for example, when joining board materials made from aluminum alloys.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、板材等の被接合部材同士を重ね合
わせた状態で接合する技術の一つとして、摩擦撹拌接合
が知られている。2. Description of the Related Art Friction stir welding has been known as one of the techniques for joining members to be joined such as plates in a state of being superposed.
【0003】例えば、特開2001−314963号公
報には、先端に突部を有し、この突部の軸芯を回転中心
として回転可能な回転工具と、受け台とを用いた摩擦撹
拌接合が開示されている。この摩擦撹拌接合では、複数
の被接合部材を重ね合わせて受け台上に配設した後、こ
の受け台上に配設された被接合部材に上記回転工具を回
転させながら押し付けて上記突部を被接合部材の内部に
入り込ませ、被接合部材の材料を非溶融の状態で摩擦に
より撹拌させて被接合部材同士を接合する。For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-314963 discloses friction stir welding using a rotary tool having a protrusion at its tip and rotatable about an axis of the protrusion as a rotation center, and a pedestal. It is disclosed. In this friction stir welding, a plurality of members to be welded are superposed and disposed on a receiving table, and then the rotary tool is pressed against the members to be welded disposed on the receiving table while rotating the rotary tool so that the protrusion is formed. The materials of the members to be joined are agitated by friction in a non-molten state by joining the members to be joined together.
【0004】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、上記摩擦撹
拌接合では、回転工具、受け台及び被接合部材のうちの
どれかがセットミス等により正しい姿勢を維持しないま
ま、摩擦撹拌接合されてしまう場合がある。例えば、受
け台上に水平に配置された被接合部材に対して斜めに傾
いた回転工具が押し付けられると、被接合部材に対する
回転工具の押圧方向が傾き、被接合部材に対して回転工
具の押圧力が傾いて作用する。そうすると、被接合部材
の接合界面が不均一に押圧されて不均一な軟化状態とな
り、接合不良が発生する。By the way, in the above friction stir welding, if any of the rotary tool, the pedestal and the member to be welded is not frictionally maintained due to a setting error or the like, the friction stir welding is performed. There is. For example, when a rotary tool that is obliquely inclined is pressed against a member to be welded horizontally placed on a pedestal, the pressing direction of the rotary tool to the member to be welded is inclined and the rotating tool is pressed against the member to be welded. The pressure acts at an angle. Then, the bonding interface of the members to be bonded is unevenly pressed to be in an unevenly softened state, resulting in defective bonding.
【0005】しかしながら、かかる接合不良が発生した
場合であっても、接合部材の外観的には良好な接合状態
の場合と比べて顕著な差異が認められない。However, even if such a joining failure occurs, no significant difference is observed in the appearance of the joining member as compared with the case of a good joining state.
【0006】このため、従来の摩擦撹拌接合では、接合
界面の全体が均一に軟化して均一に接合されているか否
かを、接合部材の外観から判断することができないとい
う問題があった。Therefore, in the conventional friction stir welding, there is a problem that it is not possible to judge from the appearance of the joining member whether or not the entire joining interface is softened uniformly and is joined uniformly.
【0007】本発明は上記実情に鑑みてなされたもので
あり、摩擦撹拌接合において、接合界面の全体が均一に
軟化して均一に接合されているか否かを容易に判断する
ことのできる摩擦撹拌接合方法及びその装置並びに接合
部材を提供することを解決すべき技術課題とするもので
ある。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in friction stir welding, it is possible to easily judge whether or not the entire joint interface is softened uniformly and is joined uniformly. It is a technical problem to be solved to provide a joining method, an apparatus therefor, and a joining member.
【0008】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決する本発
明の摩擦撹拌接合方法は、先端に突部を有し、該突部の
軸芯を回転中心として回転可能な回転工具と、該回転工
具の押圧力が作用する受圧面に受圧力を検知するための
検知手段が該回転中心周りの周方向に略均等に配設され
た受け台とを用い、複数の被接合部材を重ね合わせて上
記受け台上に配設する配設工程と、上記受け台上に配設
された上記被接合部材に上記回転工具を回転させながら
押し付けて上記突部を該被接合部材の内部に入り込ま
せ、該被接合部材の材料を非溶融の状態で摩擦により撹
拌させて該被接合部材同士を接合する接合工程とを順に
実施することを特徴とするものである。A friction stir welding method of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems has a rotary tool having a projection at its tip and rotatable about an axis of the projection as a rotation center, and the rotary tool. A plurality of members to be joined are superposed on each other by using a receiving table on the pressure receiving surface on which the pressing force of the tool acts, for detecting the receiving pressure, which is arranged substantially evenly in the circumferential direction around the rotation center. An arranging step of arranging the pedestal on the pedestal, and pressing the rotary tool against the member to be bonded arranged on the pedestal while rotating the rotary tool so that the protrusion enters the inside of the member to be bonded, It is characterized in that a joining step of joining the members to be joined together by stirring the materials of the members to be joined by friction in a non-molten state by friction.
【0009】好適な態様において、前記検知手段は、前
記受圧面に凹設又は凸設された凹部又凸部であり、前記
接合工程では、該受圧面に当接する前記被接合部材の表
面に、該凹部又は該凸部により成形凸部又は成形凹部を
成形する。In a preferred aspect, the detection means is a concave portion or a convex portion that is concavely or convexly provided on the pressure receiving surface, and in the joining step, the surface of the member to be joined that abuts the pressure receiving surface, A molding convex portion or a molding concave portion is molded by the concave portion or the convex portion.
【0010】好適な態様において、前記検知手段は、前
記受圧力を検知可能な圧力センサである。In a preferred mode, the detection means is a pressure sensor capable of detecting the received pressure.
【0011】上記課題を解決する本発明の摩擦撹拌接合
装置は、複数の被接合部材が重ね合わせて配設される受
け台と、先端に突部を有し、該突部の軸芯を回転中心と
して回転されながら、該受け台上に配設された該被接合
部材に押し付けられる回転工具とを備えた摩擦撹拌接合
装置において、上記受け台には、上記回転工具の押圧力
が作用する受圧面に受圧力を検知するための検知手段が
上記回転中心周りの周方向に略均等に配設されているこ
とを特徴とするものである。A friction stir welding apparatus of the present invention which solves the above-mentioned problems has a pedestal on which a plurality of members to be welded are superposed and provided with a projection at the tip, and the axis of the projection is rotated. In a friction stir welding apparatus provided with a rotary tool that is pressed against the members to be welded arranged on the pedestal while being rotated as a center, in the pedestal, a pressure-receiving force on which the pressing force of the rotary tool acts. It is characterized in that the surface is provided with detection means for detecting the received pressure substantially evenly in the circumferential direction around the rotation center.
【0012】好適な態様において、前記検知手段は、前
記受圧面に凹設又は凸設された凹部又は凸部である。In a preferred mode, the detecting means is a concave portion or a convex portion which is provided in a concave shape or a convex shape in the pressure receiving surface.
【0013】好適な態様において、前記検知手段は、前
記受圧力を検知可能な圧力センサである。In a preferred mode, the detection means is a pressure sensor capable of detecting the received pressure.
【0014】摩擦撹拌接合では、回転工具からの押圧力
が被接合部材を介して受け台の受圧面に作用する。この
とき、受け台の受圧面の全体で均一に上記押圧力が作用
していれば、被接合部材同士の接合界面の全体でも均一
に上記押圧力が作用して均一な軟化状態となっており、
均一に接合される。一方、受け台の受圧面に上記押圧力
が均一に作用していないと、接合界面でも不均一な軟化
状態となって接合不良となる。In the friction stir welding, the pressing force from the rotary tool acts on the pressure receiving surface of the pedestal through the members to be welded. At this time, if the pressing force is uniformly applied to the entire pressure receiving surface of the pedestal, the pressing force is evenly applied to the entire joint interface between the members to be joined, resulting in a uniform softened state. ,
Bonded evenly. On the other hand, if the pressing force does not act uniformly on the pressure receiving surface of the pedestal, the joint interface will be in a non-uniform softened state, resulting in defective joints.
【0015】本発明に係る撹拌接合方法及びその装置で
は、回転工具の押圧力が作用する受け台の受圧面に、受
圧力を検知するための検知手段が、回転工具の回転中心
周りの周方向に略均等に配設されている。このため、こ
の検知手段を利用して検知された受圧力について、上記
回転中心周りの周方向で比較することにより、接合の良
否を判断することができる。In the stir welding method and the apparatus therefor according to the present invention, the detection means for detecting the pressure receiving force is provided on the pressure receiving surface of the pedestal on which the pressing force of the rotating tool acts, in the circumferential direction around the rotation center of the rotating tool. Are arranged substantially evenly. Therefore, it is possible to judge the quality of the joint by comparing the received pressure detected by using this detecting means in the circumferential direction around the rotation center.
【0016】すなわち、上記検知手段を利用して検知さ
れた受圧力が上記回転中心周りの周方向で均一であれ
ば、上記接合界面でも回転工具からの押圧力が均一に作
用して、接合界面全体が均一かつ適正な軟化状態となっ
て良好な接合状態となっていると判断できる。That is, if the pressure received by the detecting means is uniform in the circumferential direction around the center of rotation, the pressing force from the rotary tool acts evenly on the joining interface, and the joining interface It can be judged that the whole is in a uniform and proper softened state and is in a good joined state.
【0017】一方、上記検知手段を利用して検知された
受圧力が上記回転中心周りの周方向で不均一であれば、
上記接合界面でも回転工具からの押圧力が不均一に作用
して接合不良が発生していると判断できる。例えば、上
記回転中心に対して一方側の受圧力が他方側よりも大き
い場合は、該他方側における接合強度が一方側と比べて
不足しており、接合不良が発生していると判断できる。On the other hand, if the received pressure detected by the detecting means is not uniform in the circumferential direction around the rotation center,
It can be determined that the pressing force from the rotary tool acts non-uniformly even at the above-mentioned joining interface to cause joining failure. For example, when the pressure received on one side with respect to the center of rotation is larger than that on the other side, the joining strength on the other side is insufficient as compared to the one side, and it can be determined that a joining failure has occurred.
【0018】ここに、上記検知手段が上記受圧面に凹設
又は凸設された凹部又は凸部である場合は、上記接合工
程で、受け台の受圧面に当接する被接合部材の表面に、
該凹部又は該凸部により成形凸部又は成形凹部が成形さ
れる。このため、この成形凸部又は成形凹部の成形度合
いを上記回転中心周りの周方向で比較すれば、接合の良
否を外観的に容易に判断することができる。In the case where the detecting means is a concave portion or a convex portion concavely or convexly provided on the pressure receiving surface, the surface of the member to be joined which comes into contact with the pressure receiving surface of the pedestal in the joining step,
A molding convex portion or a molding concave portion is molded by the concave portion or the convex portion. Therefore, by comparing the forming degree of the forming convex portion or the forming concave portion in the circumferential direction around the rotation center, it is possible to easily judge visually whether the joining is good or bad.
【0019】すなわち、成形凸部又は成形凹部が上記回
転中心周りの周方向で均一に成形されていれば、接合界
面でも良好な接合状態となっていると判断できる。一
方、成形凸部又は成形凹部が上記回転中心周りの周方向
で不均一に成形されている場合、例えば上記回転中心に
対して一方側でのみ成形凸部又は成形凹部が成形されて
おり他方側では成形されていない場合は、該他方側にお
ける接合強度が一方側と比べて不足しており、接合不良
が発生していると判断できる。That is, if the molding convex portion or the molding concave portion is uniformly molded in the circumferential direction around the rotation center, it can be determined that the bonding interface is in a good bonding state. On the other hand, when the molding projections or molding recesses are molded unevenly in the circumferential direction around the rotation center, for example, the molding projections or molding recesses are molded only on one side of the rotation center and the other side. Then, in the case where it is not molded, it can be determined that the bonding strength on the other side is insufficient as compared with that on the one side, and a bonding failure has occurred.
【0020】また、上記検知手段が上記受圧力を検知可
能な圧力センサである場合は、この圧力センサで検知さ
れた受圧力を上記回転中心周りの周方向で比較すること
により、接合の良否を判断することができる。When the detecting means is a pressure sensor capable of detecting the pressure receiving force, the pressure receiving force detected by the pressure sensor is compared in the circumferential direction around the rotation center to determine the quality of the joining. You can judge.
【0021】すなわち、圧力センサで検知された受圧力
が上記回転中心周りの周方向で均一であれば、接合界面
でも良好な接合状態となっていると判断できる。一方、
圧力センサで検知された受圧力が上記回転中心周りの周
方向で不均一の場合、例えば上記回転中心に対して一方
側の受圧力が他方側と比べて大きい場合は、該他方側に
おける接合強度が一方側と比べて不足しており、接合不
良が発生していると判断できる。That is, if the pressure received by the pressure sensor is uniform in the circumferential direction around the center of rotation, it can be determined that the joining interface is in a good joining state. on the other hand,
When the pressure receiving force detected by the pressure sensor is non-uniform in the circumferential direction around the rotation center, for example, when the pressure receiving force on one side of the rotation center is larger than that on the other side, the bonding strength at the other side Is insufficient as compared with one side, and it can be determined that a defective joint has occurred.
【0022】上記課題を解決する本発明の接合部材は、
先端に突部を有し、該突部の軸芯を回転中心として回転
可能な回転工具と、該回転工具の押圧力が作用する受圧
面に凹部又は凸部が該回転中心周りの周方向に略均等に
凹設又は凸設された受け台とを用い、該受け台上に重ね
合わせて配設された複数の被接合部材の接合点に該回転
工具を回転させながら押し付けて該突部を該被接合部材
の内部に入り込ませ、該被接合部材の材料を非溶融の状
態で摩擦により撹拌させて該被接合部材同士を接合する
摩擦撹拌接合により得られた接合部材であって、上記凹
部又は上記凸部により成形された成形凸部又は成形凹部
が、上記接合点周りの周方向に略均等に設けられている
ことを特徴とするものである。The joining member of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is
A rotary tool having a protrusion at its tip and rotatable about an axis of the protrusion as a rotation center, and a concave portion or a convex portion on a pressure receiving surface on which the pressing force of the rotary tool acts in a circumferential direction around the rotation center. Using a pedestal that is substantially evenly recessed or convexly provided, presses the protrusion while rotating the rotating tool at the joining point of a plurality of members to be joined that are arranged in an overlapping manner on the pedestal. A joining member obtained by friction stir welding in which the materials of the members to be joined are agitated by friction in a non-molten state by friction to join the members to be joined, wherein the recesses are formed. Alternatively, the molding convex portion or the molding concave portion formed by the convex portion is provided substantially evenly in the circumferential direction around the joining point.
【0023】この接合部材では、受け台の受圧面に設け
られていた凹部又は凸部により、受け台に配設された際
に受け台の受圧面に当接していた被接合部材の表面に、
成形凸部又は成形凹部が周方向に略均等に成形されてい
る。この成形凸部又は成形凹部が周方向に略均等に成形
された接合部材は、摩擦撹拌接合の際に回転工具の押圧
力が均一に接合界面に作用しており、したがって均一な
接合状態となっている。よって、本発明に係る接合部材
は、接合強度の信頼性が高いものとなる。In this joining member, due to the concave portion or the convex portion provided on the pressure receiving surface of the pedestal, the surface of the member to be joined which has been in contact with the pressure receiving surface of the pedestal when it is arranged on the pedestal,
The forming protrusions or forming recesses are formed substantially evenly in the circumferential direction. In the joining member in which the forming projections or forming recesses are formed substantially evenly in the circumferential direction, the pressing force of the rotating tool acts uniformly on the joining interface during friction stir welding, and thus a uniform joining state is obtained. ing. Therefore, the joining member according to the present invention has high joining strength reliability.
【0024】[0024]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明に係る摩擦撹拌接合方法及
びその装置では、先端に突部を有し、該突部の軸芯を回
転中心として回転可能な回転工具と、該回転工具の押圧
力が作用する受圧面に受圧力を検知するための検知手段
が該回転中心周りの周方向に略均等に配設された受け台
とを用いる。そして、配設工程及び接合工程を実施する
ことにより、少なくとも2枚の被接合部材同士を重ね合
わせた状態で摩擦撹拌接合する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In a friction stir welding method and apparatus according to the present invention, a rotary tool having a protrusion at its tip and rotatable about the axis of the protrusion as a rotation center, and a pusher for the rotary tool. The pressure receiving surface on which the pressure acts uses a pedestal in which the detecting means for detecting the pressure receiving is disposed substantially evenly in the circumferential direction around the rotation center. Then, by performing the disposing step and the joining step, friction stir welding is performed in a state where at least two members to be joined are superposed.
【0025】上記配設工程では、複数の被接合部材を重
ね合わせて上記受け台上に配設する。なお、被接合部材
の枚数は2枚でも、場合によっては3枚以上でもよい。In the arranging step, a plurality of members to be joined are stacked and arranged on the pedestal. The number of members to be joined may be two, or three or more in some cases.
【0026】上記接合工程では、上記受け台上に配設さ
れた上記被接合部材に上記回転工具を回転させながら押
し付けて上記突部を該被接合部材の内部に入り込ませ、
該被接合部材の材料を非溶融の状態で摩擦により撹拌さ
せて該被接合部材同士を接合する。In the joining step, the rotary tool is pressed against the member to be joined arranged on the pedestal while rotating the rotary tool to allow the protrusion to enter the inside of the member to be joined.
The materials of the members to be joined are agitated by friction in a non-molten state to join the members to be joined.
【0027】この接合工程では、所定の回転速度で回転
する回転工具を所定の押圧力で被接合部材に押し付け
る。これにより、回転工具としては後述するように被接
合部材よりも硬度の高いものを採用することから、回転
工具の突部が被接合部材の内部に入り込む。このとき、
回転工具と接触する被接合部材と回転工具との間に摩擦
が生じているため、この摩擦熱により被接合部材の材料
が軟化し、この軟化の進行を伴って回転工具の突部が被
接合部材の内部に入り込む。また、軟化した被接合部材
の材料は非溶融の状態で回転工具の回転方向及び突部の
長さ(軸芯)方向等に撹拌される。そして、回転工具の
突部との接触により発生する摩擦熱により、最も受け台
側の被接合部材の材料がその接合界面で軟化して回転方
向等に撹拌されるまで、該突部を進入させる。こうして
被接合部材同士の接合界面で、両被接合部材の材料を非
溶融の状態で軟化させて撹拌させることにより、両被接
合部材同士を接合することができる。In this joining step, a rotary tool that rotates at a predetermined rotation speed is pressed against the members to be bonded with a predetermined pressing force. As a result, the rotary tool having a hardness higher than that of the members to be joined is adopted as will be described later, so that the protrusion of the rotary tool enters the inside of the members to be joined. At this time,
Since friction occurs between the member to be welded that contacts the rotating tool and the rotating tool, the frictional heat softens the material of the member to be welded, and as the softening progresses, the protrusion of the rotating tool is welded. Enter the inside of the member. Further, the softened material of the members to be welded is agitated in the non-melted state in the rotation direction of the rotary tool, the length (axial center) direction of the protrusion, and the like. Then, the frictional heat generated by the contact with the projection of the rotary tool causes the material of the member to be welded closest to the cradle side to be softened at the bonding interface and stirred until the material is agitated in the rotation direction or the like. . In this way, at the joining interface between the members to be joined, the materials of the members to be joined are softened in a non-melted state and stirred, whereby the members to be joined can be joined together.
【0028】これら回転工具及び受け台を構成する材料
としては、被接合部材よりも硬度の高い材料であれば特
に限定されないが、耐摩耗性の高い材料とすることが好
ましく、例えば耐摩耗性の高い鋼材(超硬合金等)を採
用することができる。また、被接合部材の材料も回転工
具及び受け台よりも硬度の低い材料であれば特に限定さ
れず、アルミニウムやアルミニウム合金の他、銅、マグ
ネシウム、鉄又はこれらの合金等とすることができる。The material forming the rotary tool and the pedestal is not particularly limited as long as it is a material having a hardness higher than that of the members to be joined, but it is preferable to use a material having high wear resistance, for example, wear resistance. High steel materials (such as cemented carbide) can be adopted. The material of the members to be joined is not particularly limited as long as it has a lower hardness than the rotary tool and the pedestal, and may be copper, magnesium, iron or an alloy thereof, in addition to aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
【0029】また、回転工具及び該回転工具の突部並び
に受け台の形状としては円柱状等とすることができる。
なお、回転工具及び突部並びに受け台の大きさも特に限
定されないが、例えば、回転工具の外径は5〜30mm
程度、回転工具の突部の外径は2〜10mm程度とする
ことができ、受け台の外径は回転工具の外径以上とされ
る。The shape of the rotary tool, the protrusion of the rotary tool, and the pedestal may be cylindrical or the like.
The sizes of the rotary tool, the protrusion, and the pedestal are not particularly limited, but for example, the outer diameter of the rotary tool is 5 to 30 mm.
The outer diameter of the protrusion of the rotary tool can be about 2 to 10 mm, and the outer diameter of the pedestal is equal to or larger than the outer diameter of the rotary tool.
【0030】また、回転工具の突部の突出長さ(軸方向
長さ)は、受け台上に重ね合わせて配設された複数の被
接合部材のうち最も回転工具側の被接合部材の表面から
最も受け台側の接合界面までの深さD(2枚の被接合部
材を重ね合わせて接合する場合は、この深さDの値は回
転工具側の被接合部材の厚さTとなる。)に対して、
1.0倍以上とすることが好ましい。Further, the protrusion length (axial length) of the protrusion of the rotary tool is the surface of the member to be welded closest to the rotary tool among the plurality of members to be welded arranged on the pedestal. To the joint interface closest to the pedestal side (when two members to be joined are superposed and joined, the value of the depth D is the thickness T of the joined member on the rotary tool side). ),
It is preferably 1.0 times or more.
【0031】このような回転工具は、例えば、複数点在
するそれぞれの接合点までX軸及びY軸方向に移動可能
となるように、多関節ロボットのアーム等に回転可能に
取り付けることができる。そして、この多関節ロボット
のアーム等には、回転工具を回転駆動させる駆動手段と
してのモータ等、回転工具に対向するように配設された
受け台及び回転工具と受け台との間隔を調整して被接合
部材に対する回転工具の押圧力を調整するための押圧力
調整手段としてのアクチュエータ等を取り付けることが
できる。Such a rotary tool can be rotatably attached to an arm or the like of an articulated robot so that the rotary tool can be moved in the X-axis and Y-axis directions to a plurality of respective joint points. Then, in the arm or the like of the articulated robot, a pedestal arranged so as to face the rotary tool, such as a motor as a driving means for rotationally driving the rotary tool, and a distance between the rotary tool and the pedestal are adjusted. It is possible to attach an actuator or the like as a pressing force adjusting means for adjusting the pressing force of the rotary tool on the members to be joined.
【0032】また、回転工具の回転速度や被接合部材に
対する押圧力は、被接合部材の材料の硬度や要求される
接合強度等に応じて、良好に摩擦撹拌接合できる範囲内
で適宜設定可能である。例えば、回転工具の回転速度は
500〜4000rpm程度とすることができ、被接合
部材に対する回転工具の押圧力は50〜600kgf程
度とすることができる。なお、回転工具の回転速度が遅
すぎると、被接合部材の材料の軟化や撹拌が不十分とな
るため接合強度不足となり、回転速度が速すぎても、撹
拌されるべき軟化金属が回転工具の回転に追従できない
ため十分に撹拌されず、接合強度不足となる。また、回
転工具の押圧力が大きすぎると、回転工具が過大に挿入
されるため、回転工具側の被接合部材の板厚が薄くなっ
て接合強度不足となり、小さすぎても摩擦発熱が小さく
なるため、被接合部材の軟化が不十分になり、接合強度
不足となる。Further, the rotational speed of the rotary tool and the pressing force against the members to be welded can be appropriately set within a range in which good friction stir welding can be performed according to the hardness of the materials of the members to be welded, the required joining strength, and the like. is there. For example, the rotation speed of the rotary tool can be set to about 500 to 4000 rpm, and the pressing force of the rotary tool on the members to be joined can be set to about 50 to 600 kgf. Incidentally, if the rotation speed of the rotary tool is too slow, the softening and stirring of the material of the members to be welded will be insufficient and the joining strength will be insufficient, and even if the rotation speed is too fast, the softened metal to be stirred is Since it cannot follow the rotation, it is not sufficiently stirred and the joint strength becomes insufficient. Further, if the pressing force of the rotary tool is too large, the rotary tool is excessively inserted, so the plate thickness of the members to be bonded on the rotary tool side becomes thin and the bonding strength becomes insufficient, and even if it is too small, friction heat generation will be small. Therefore, the softening of the members to be joined becomes insufficient and the joining strength becomes insufficient.
【0033】ここに、本発明に係る摩擦撹拌接合及びそ
の装置は、回転工具の押圧力が作用する受け台の受圧面
に受圧力を検知するための検知手段が回転中心周りの周
方向に略均等に配設されていることを最大の特徴とし、
これにより、前述した作用効果を奏する。Here, in the friction stir welding and the apparatus therefor according to the present invention, the detection means for detecting the pressure receiving surface of the pedestal on which the pressing force of the rotary tool acts is substantially in the circumferential direction around the rotation center. The greatest feature is that they are evenly arranged,
As a result, the above-described effects can be obtained.
【0034】上記検知手段としては、好適には、受け台
の受圧面に凹設又は凸設された凹部又凸部としたり、受
圧力を検知可能な圧力センサとしたりすることができ
る。As the above-mentioned detecting means, it is preferable to use a concave portion or a convex portion which is concave or convex on the pressure receiving surface of the pedestal, or a pressure sensor capable of detecting the pressure received.
【0035】受け台の受圧面に凹部又は凸部を凹設又は
凸設した場合、上記接合工程で、該凹部又は該凸部によ
り、該受圧面に当接する被接合部材の表面で上記回転中
心(すなわち、回転工具の突部が押し付けられる接合
点)周りに成形凸部又は成形凹部が成形される。そし
て、上記接合工程で、回転工具の押圧力が均一に接合界
面に作用して均一な接合状態となっていれば、成形凸部
又は成形凹部が接合点周りの周方向に略均等に成形され
ることから、この成形凸部又は成形凹部が接合点周りの
周方向に略均等に成形されている本発明に係る接合部材
は、接合強度の信頼性が高いものとなる。In the case where the pressure receiving surface of the pedestal is provided with a concave portion or a convex portion on the pressure receiving surface, the center of rotation is the surface of the member to be contacted by the concave portion or the convex portion in the joining step. A molding convex portion or a molding concave portion is molded around (that is, a joining point where the protrusion of the rotary tool is pressed). Then, in the above-mentioned joining step, if the pressing force of the rotary tool acts uniformly on the joining interface to bring about a uniform joining state, the forming projections or forming recesses are formed substantially evenly in the circumferential direction around the joining point. Therefore, the joining member according to the present invention in which the molding convex portion or the molding concave portion is molded substantially evenly in the circumferential direction around the joining point has high reliability of the joining strength.
【0036】上記凹部又は凸部としては、好適には、上
記回転中心周りの周方向に延びる凹条部又は凸条部とす
ることができる。この凹条部又は凸条部は、上記回転中
心周りの周方向全体に連続的に延びる円周状の凹条部又
は凸条部であっても、上記回転中心周りの周方向に断続
的に延びる複数の円弧状の凹条部又は凸条部であっても
よい。ただし、複数の円弧状の凹条部又は凸条部とする
場合は、各円弧状凹条部又は凸条部が上記回転中心周り
の周方向に略均等に配設されていることを要する。ま
た、上記凹部又は凸部は、上記回転中心周りの周方向に
略均等に分散、配設された複数の点状の凹部又は凸部と
してもよい。The recess or protrusion may be preferably a recess or protrusion extending in the circumferential direction around the center of rotation. Even if the concave portion or the convex portion is a circumferential concave portion or convex portion that continuously extends in the entire circumferential direction around the rotation center, it is intermittent in the circumferential direction around the rotation center. It may be a plurality of arc-shaped recessed ridges or ridges extending. However, in the case of forming a plurality of arc-shaped concave streak portions or convex streak portions, it is necessary that the respective arc-shaped concave streak portions or convex streak portions are arranged substantially evenly in the circumferential direction around the rotation center. Further, the concave portions or convex portions may be a plurality of dot-shaped concave portions or convex portions which are dispersed and arranged substantially uniformly in the circumferential direction around the rotation center.
【0037】上記圧力センサとしては特に限定されない
が、ロードセル等を採用することができる。この圧力セ
ンサは、例えば、受け台に埋設したり、あるいは受け台
の受圧面上に貼り付けたりすることにより、圧力センサ
の圧力感知部が受圧面に表出して受け台上に配設された
被接合部材に直接、接触する構成とすることができる。The pressure sensor is not particularly limited, but a load cell or the like can be used. This pressure sensor is, for example, embedded in the pedestal or attached to the pressure receiving surface of the pedestal so that the pressure sensing portion of the pressure sensor is exposed on the pressure receiving surface and disposed on the pedestal. It is possible to directly contact the members to be joined.
【0038】[0038]
【実施例】以下、本発明を具体化した実施例について、
図面を参照しつつ説明する。EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described below.
A description will be given with reference to the drawings.
【0039】(実施例1)本実施例は、図1に示される
ように、回転工具20と、受け台30とを備えた摩擦撹
拌接合装置を用いて、2枚の被接合部材1、2を重ね合
わせた状態で摩擦撹拌接合するものである。また、検知
手段としての凹部を受け台30の受圧面31に設けたも
のである。(Embodiment 1) In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a friction stir welding apparatus equipped with a rotary tool 20 and a pedestal 30 is used, and two members 1, 2 to be welded are used. Friction stir welding is performed in a state where they are superposed. Further, the concave portion as the detection means is provided on the pressure receiving surface 31 of the pedestal 30.
【0040】上記被接合部材1、2は、アルミニウム合
金製の板材(板厚1mm)である。The members 1 and 2 to be joined are plate materials (plate thickness 1 mm) made of aluminum alloy.
【0041】上記回転工具20は、被接合部材1、2を
構成するアルミニウム合金よりも硬度が高く、また、耐
摩耗性も高い超硬合金よりなり、外径10mmの円柱形
状をなしている。そして、この回転工具20の先端に
は、外径4mm、軸方向長さ1.3mmの円柱形状をな
す突部21が同心状に突設されている。The rotary tool 20 is made of a cemented carbide having a hardness higher than that of the aluminum alloy forming the members to be joined 1 and 2 and a high wear resistance, and has a columnar shape with an outer diameter of 10 mm. Then, at the tip of the rotary tool 20, there is concentrically formed a protruding portion 21 having a cylindrical shape with an outer diameter of 4 mm and an axial length of 1.3 mm.
【0042】なお、回転工具20は、回転工具20及び
突部21の軸芯C1(図3参照)を回転中心として回転
可能となされている。また、突部21の突出長さ(軸方
向長さ)は、前記深さD(被接合部材1の板厚)の約
1.3倍とされている。このため、後述する接合工程で
は、回転工具20の突部21は、回転工具20側の被接
合部材2を貫通するとともに被接合部材1、2間の接合
界面を通り抜け、突部21の先端が受け台30側の被接
合部材1にまで0.3〜0.4mm程度入り込むように
なっている。The rotary tool 20 is rotatable about the axis C1 (see FIG. 3) of the rotary tool 20 and the protrusion 21. The protrusion length (axial length) of the protrusion 21 is about 1.3 times the depth D (plate thickness of the member 1 to be joined). Therefore, in the joining step described later, the protrusion 21 of the rotary tool 20 penetrates the welded member 2 on the rotary tool 20 side and passes through the joint interface between the welded members 1 and 2, and the tip of the protrusion 21 is About 0.3 to 0.4 mm is inserted into the joined member 1 on the cradle 30 side.
【0043】上記受け台30は、被接合部材1、2を構
成するアルミニウム合金よりも硬度が高く、また、耐摩
耗性も高い超硬合金よりなり、外径20mmの円柱形状
をなしている。そして、図2にも図示されるように、こ
の受け台30の上端面たる受圧面31には、円形窪み部
32と、この円形窪み部32を中心とする円周上に配設
された検知手段としての凹部たる円周状凹条部33と
が、受け台30と同心状に凹設されている。円形窪み部
32は、受け台30の軸芯C2を中心とする直径3mm
の円形状をなし、周囲から中心に向かって徐々に深さが
深くなるように窪んでおり、中心における最大深さが
0.5mmとされている。なお、この円形窪み部32
は、回転工具20及び突部21の軸芯C1と、受け台3
0の軸芯C2とが同軸であることを確認するために設け
られている。また、円周状凹条部33は、受け台30の
軸芯C2を中心とする円周上に配設されており、周方向
に一定幅(幅1mm)及び一定深さ(深さ0.5mm)
をもつ溝よりなる。The pedestal 30 is made of a cemented carbide having a hardness higher than that of the aluminum alloy forming the members 1 and 2 to be joined and a high wear resistance, and has a cylindrical shape with an outer diameter of 20 mm. As shown in FIG. 2, the pressure receiving surface 31, which is the upper end surface of the pedestal 30, has a circular recess 32 and a detection provided on the circumference centered around the circular recess 32. A circumferential groove portion 33, which is a concave portion as a means, is provided concentrically with the pedestal 30. The circular recess 32 has a diameter of 3 mm centered on the axis C2 of the pedestal 30.
It has a circular shape and is recessed so that the depth gradually increases from the periphery to the center, and the maximum depth at the center is 0.5 mm. In addition, this circular recess 32
Is the rotary tool 20 and the axis C1 of the protrusion 21, and the pedestal 3
It is provided to confirm that the axis C2 of 0 is coaxial. Further, the circumferential recessed portion 33 is arranged on the circumference centered on the axis C2 of the pedestal 30, and has a constant width (width 1 mm) and a constant depth (depth 0. 5 mm)
It consists of a groove with.
【0044】上記回転工具20は、X軸及びY軸方向に
移動可能となるように、図示しない多関節ロボットのア
ームに回転可能に取り付けられている。そして、この多
関節ロボットのアームには、回転工具20を回転駆動さ
せる駆動手段としてのモータと、回転工具20と同心状
に対向して配設された受け台30と、回転工具20及び
受け台30間の間隔を調整して被接合部材1、2に対す
る回転工具20の押圧力を調整するための押圧力調整手
段としてのアクチュエータが取り付けられている。The rotary tool 20 is rotatably attached to an arm of an articulated robot (not shown) so as to be movable in the X-axis and Y-axis directions. In the arm of the articulated robot, a motor as a driving unit that rotationally drives the rotary tool 20, a receiving table 30 concentrically opposed to the rotary tool 20, a rotating tool 20, and the receiving table are provided. An actuator is attached as a pressing force adjusting means for adjusting the interval between the members 30 to adjust the pressing force of the rotary tool 20 against the members 1 and 2 to be joined.
【0045】なお、回転工具20と受け台30とは同心
状に配設された状態で摩擦撹拌接合されることから、回
転工具20及び突部21の軸芯C1、すなわち回転中心
C1は受け台30の軸芯C2と一致する。このため、上
記円周状凹条部33は、回転工具20及び突部21の回
転中心C1周りの周方向全体に連続的に延びていること
となる。Since the rotary tool 20 and the pedestal 30 are concentrically arranged and friction stir welding is performed, the axis C1 of the rotary tool 20 and the protrusion 21, that is, the rotation center C1 is the pedestal. It coincides with the axis C2 of 30. Therefore, the circumferential groove portion 33 continuously extends in the entire circumferential direction around the rotation center C1 of the rotary tool 20 and the protrusion 21.
【0046】上記構成を有する回転工具20及び受け台
30を用いて、以下に示す配設工程、接合工程及び評価
工程を実施することにより、2枚の被接合部材1、2同
士を重ね合わせた状態で摩擦撹拌接合した。By using the rotary tool 20 and the pedestal 30 having the above structure, the following disposing process, joining process and evaluation process are carried out so that the two members 1 and 2 to be joined are superposed. Friction stir welding was performed in this state.
【0047】<配設工程>図3に示されるように、図示
しない多関節ロボットのアームを作動させ、図示しない
把持手段により重ね合わせた状態で水平に保持された2
枚の被接合部材1、2を受け台30上に配設した。この
とき、被接合部材1、2を接合すべき接合点Aは、回転
工具20の回転中心C1及び受け台30の軸芯C2上に
位置している。<Arrangement Step> As shown in FIG. 3, the arm of an articulated robot (not shown) is operated, and it is held horizontally by the holding means (not shown) in a superposed state.
The joined members 1 and 2 were placed on the pedestal 30. At this time, the joining point A at which the joined members 1 and 2 are to be joined is located on the rotation center C1 of the rotary tool 20 and the axis C2 of the pedestal 30.
【0048】<接合工程>図4に示されるように、図示
しない多関節ロボットのモータ及びアクチュエータを作
動させ、回転工具20を所定の回転速度(本実施例では
2000rpm程度)で回転させながら、回転工具20
の突部21を被接合部材2の接合点Aに所定の押圧力
(本実施例では200kgf程度)で押し付けて該突部
21の全体を被接合部材1、2の内部に入り込ませた。
このとき、回転工具20の突部21は被接合部材2を貫
通し、この突部21の先端は被接合部材1及び2間の接
合界面を通り越して被接合部材1の内部まで入り込ん
だ。この状態を2秒程度維持し、被接合部材1及び2の
接合界面で、両被接合部材1及び2の材料を非溶融の状
態で軟化させて撹拌させることにより、両被接合部材1
及び2同士を接合して、接合部材10を得た。<Joining Step> As shown in FIG. 4, the motor and the actuator (not shown) of the articulated robot are operated to rotate the rotary tool 20 at a predetermined rotation speed (about 2000 rpm in this embodiment) while rotating it. Tool 20
The protrusion 21 was pressed against the joining point A of the members 2 to be joined with a predetermined pressing force (about 200 kgf in this embodiment), and the entire protrusion 21 was inserted into the members 1 and 2 to be joined.
At this time, the protrusion 21 of the rotary tool 20 penetrated the member 2 to be welded, and the tip of the protrusion 21 passed through the welding interface between the members 1 and 2 and entered the inside of the member 1 to be welded. This state is maintained for about 2 seconds, and the materials of both members to be joined 1 and 2 are softened in the non-melted state and stirred at the joining interface between the members to be joined 1
And 2 were joined together to obtain a joining member 10.
【0049】なお、本実施例では、受け台30の受圧面
31上に水平に配設された被接合部材1、2に対して、
正確に垂直方向から回転工具20を押し付けた。In this embodiment, with respect to the members 1 and 2 to be joined which are horizontally arranged on the pressure receiving surface 31 of the pedestal 30,
The rotary tool 20 was pressed exactly from the vertical direction.
【0050】また、本実施例では、受け台30の受圧面
31に円形窪み部32及び円周状凹条部33が凹設され
ている。このため、この接合工程では、図5に示される
ように、該円形窪み部32及び円周状凹条部33によ
り、受圧面31に当接する被接合部材1の表面で上記回
転中心C1(すなわち、回転工具20の凸部21が押し
付けられる接合点A)を中心とする円形の円形膨出部1
1と、該回転中心C1を中心とする円周状の成形凸部1
2とが成形された。Further, in this embodiment, the pressure receiving surface 31 of the pedestal 30 is provided with the circular recess 32 and the circumferential recess 33. Therefore, in this joining step, as shown in FIG. 5, the rotation center C1 (that is, the rotation center C1) on the surface of the joined member 1 that abuts the pressure receiving surface 31 is formed by the circular recess 32 and the circumferential recessed portion 33. , A circular circular bulge 1 centered on the joint point A) on which the convex portion 21 of the rotary tool 20 is pressed
1 and a circumferential molding protrusion 1 centered on the rotation center C1
2 and 2 were molded.
【0051】<評価工程>得られた接合部材10につい
て、上記検知手段としての円周状凹条部33により成形
された上記円周状成形凸部12により、回転工具20か
らの押圧力を受けた受け台30の受圧面31における受
圧力を上記回転中心C1周りの周方向で比較した。<Evaluation Step> The joining member 10 thus obtained is subjected to a pressing force from the rotary tool 20 by the circumferential forming convex portion 12 formed by the circumferential concave portion 33 as the detecting means. The pressure received by the pressure receiving surface 31 of the pedestal 30 was compared in the circumferential direction around the rotation center C1.
【0052】すなわち、上記円周状成形凸部12につい
て、上記回転中心C1(接合点A)周りの周方向で、そ
の成形度合いを比較した。その結果、本実施例で得られ
た接合部材10の円周状成形凸部12は、接合点Aを中
心とする円周上に配設されており、周方向に一定幅(幅
1mm)及び一定高さ(高さ0.5mm)をもってお
り、接合点A周りの周方向で均等に成形されていた。That is, the degree of forming of the circumferential forming convex portion 12 was compared in the circumferential direction around the rotation center C1 (joint point A). As a result, the circumferential forming convex portion 12 of the joining member 10 obtained in this example is arranged on the circumference centered on the joining point A, and has a constant width (width 1 mm) in the circumferential direction. It had a constant height (height 0.5 mm) and was uniformly molded in the circumferential direction around the joint point A.
【0053】これにより、上記接合工程では、受け台3
0の受圧面31には回転工具20からの押圧力が上記回
転中心C1周りの周方向に均一に作用しており、該受圧
面31が受ける受圧力は該回転中心C1周りの周方向で
均一であったことが確認された。したがって、被接合部
材1及び2間の接合界面の全体でも、上記回転工具20
からの押圧力が均一に作用して均一な軟化状態となり、
均一に接合されたと判断することができる。As a result, in the above joining step, the pedestal 3
The pressing force from the rotary tool 20 uniformly acts on the pressure receiving surface 31 of 0 in the circumferential direction around the rotation center C1, and the pressure receiving force on the pressure receiving surface 31 is uniform in the circumferential direction around the rotation center C1. It was confirmed that it was. Therefore, even in the entire joining interface between the members to be joined 1 and 2, the rotary tool 20
The pressing force from acts uniformly, resulting in a uniform softened state,
It can be judged that they are bonded uniformly.
【0054】よって、円周状成形凸部12が周方向に均
等に成形された本実施例に係る接合部材10は、接合強
度の信頼性が高いものとなる。Therefore, the joining member 10 according to the present embodiment, in which the circumferential forming convex portions 12 are evenly formed in the circumferential direction, has high joining strength reliability.
【0055】一方、図6に示されるように、受け台30
の受圧面31に水平に配設された被接合部材1、2に対
して、斜めに傾いた回転工具20を押し付けた。すなわ
ち、受け台30の軸芯C2に対して、回転後部20(突
部21)の軸芯(回転中心)C1を所定角度θだけ傾け
た状態で、回転工具20を押し付けた。On the other hand, as shown in FIG.
The rotary tool 20 tilted obliquely was pressed against the members 1 and 2 to be welded which were horizontally arranged on the pressure receiving surface 31 of the above. That is, the rotary tool 20 was pressed against the axis C2 of the pedestal 30 with the axis C1 (center of rotation) C1 of the rotating rear portion 20 (protrusion 21) inclined by a predetermined angle θ.
【0056】こうして得られた接合部材10’を図7に
示すように、成形凸部12’が円周の約半分に相当する
円弧状で接合点Aの一方側のみに成形されていた。As shown in FIG. 7, the joining member 10 'thus obtained was formed on only one side of the joining point A in the shape of a forming projection 12' having an arc shape corresponding to about half the circumference.
【0057】これにより、接合工程では、受けけ台30
の受圧面31には回転工具20からの押圧力が上記回転
中心C1周りの周方向に不均一に作用しており、該受圧
面31が受ける受圧力は該回転中心C1周りの周方向で
不均一であったことが確認された。したがって、この接
合部材10’は、被接合部材1及び2間の接合界面の全
体でも、上記回転工具20からの押圧力が不均一に作用
して不均一な軟化状態となり、不均一に接合されたと判
断することができる。As a result, in the joining process, the pedestal 30
The pressing force from the rotary tool 20 acts non-uniformly on the pressure receiving surface 31 of the rotary tool 20 in the circumferential direction around the rotation center C1, and the pressure receiving force of the pressure receiving surface 31 is uneven in the circumferential direction around the rotation center C1. It was confirmed that it was uniform. Therefore, in this joining member 10 ′, even in the entire joining interface between the members 1 and 2 to be joined, the pressing force from the rotary tool 20 acts non-uniformly, resulting in a non-uniform softening state and non-uniform joining. You can judge that
【0058】このように本実施例によれば、接合工程後
に接合部材10の表面に形成された成形凸部12の成形
度合いを上記回転中心C1周りの周方向で比較すること
により、接合の良否を外観的に容易に判断することが可
能となる。As described above, according to this embodiment, by comparing the forming degree of the forming convex portion 12 formed on the surface of the joining member 10 after the joining process in the circumferential direction around the rotation center C1, the quality of joining can be determined. It becomes possible to easily judge the appearance.
【0059】(実施例2)本実施例は、検知手段として
の圧力センサ34を受け台30の受圧面31に設けたも
ので、受け台30の受圧面31に円形窪み部32及び円
周状凹条部33を設ける代わりに4個の圧力センサ34
を設けること以外は、上記実施例1と同様である。(Embodiment 2) In this embodiment, a pressure sensor 34 as a detecting means is provided on the pressure receiving surface 31 of the receiving base 30, and the pressure receiving surface 31 of the receiving base 30 has a circular recess 32 and a circular shape. Instead of providing the recessed portion 33, four pressure sensors 34
The same as Example 1 except that is provided.
【0060】すなわち、本実施例では、回転工具20の
押圧力が作用する受け台30の受圧面31に、受圧力を
検知可能な4個の圧力センサ34が設けられている。各
圧力センサ34は、受け台30の軸芯C2周り、すなわ
ち回転工具20の回転中心C1周りの周方向に90度間
隔で均等に配設されている。なお、各圧力センサ34は
受け台30に埋設されており、その圧力感知部が受圧面
31に表出して受け台30上に配設された被接合部材1
に直接、接触する構成とされている。That is, in this embodiment, the four pressure sensors 34 capable of detecting the pressure receiving force are provided on the pressure receiving surface 31 of the receiving base 30 on which the pressing force of the rotary tool 20 acts. The pressure sensors 34 are evenly arranged at 90 degree intervals in the circumferential direction around the axis C2 of the pedestal 30, that is, around the rotation center C1 of the rotary tool 20. It should be noted that each pressure sensor 34 is embedded in the pedestal 30, and the pressure sensing portion of the pressure sensor 34 is exposed on the pressure receiving surface 31 and is disposed on the pedestal 30.
Is directly contacted with.
【0061】本実施例では、接合工程中に、各圧力セン
サ34により受圧面31が受ける受圧力を検知し、これ
を回転中心C1周りの周方向で比較することにより、接
合の良否を容易に判断することができる。In the present embodiment, during the joining process, the pressure received by the pressure receiving surface 31 is detected by each pressure sensor 34, and compared with the circumferential direction around the rotation center C1 to easily determine the quality of the joining. You can judge.
【0062】すなわち、各圧力センサ34で検知された
受圧力が上記回転中心C1周りの周方向で均一(各圧力
センサ34で検知された受圧力がそれぞれ略同等)であ
れば、接合界面でも良好な接合状態となっていると判断
できる。一方、各圧力センサ34で検知された受圧力が
上記回転中心周りの周方向で不均一の場合(例えば、4
個の圧力センサ34で検知された受圧力のうちの1個だ
けが他の3個よりも低い場合)、接合不良が発生してい
ると判断できる。That is, as long as the pressure receiving force detected by each pressure sensor 34 is uniform in the circumferential direction around the rotation center C1 (the pressure receiving pressure detected by each pressure sensor 34 is substantially equal), the bonding interface is also good. It can be judged that they are in a proper joined state. On the other hand, when the pressure received by each pressure sensor 34 is uneven in the circumferential direction around the rotation center (for example, 4
If only one of the received pressures detected by the individual pressure sensors 34 is lower than the other three pressure sensors 34), it can be determined that a bonding failure has occurred.
【0063】[0063]
【発明の効果】以上詳述したように、本発明よれば、摩
擦撹拌接合において、接合界面の全体が均一に軟化して
均一に接合されているか否かを容易に判断することがで
きる。As described above in detail, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily judge whether or not the entire joint interface is softened uniformly in the friction stir welding.
【0064】したがって、接合強度の信頼性の高い接合
部材の提供が可能となる。Therefore, it is possible to provide a joining member having a high joining strength.
【図1】 実施例1に係り、摩擦撹拌接合する様子を説
明する斜視図である。FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a manner of friction stir welding according to a first embodiment.
【図2】 実施例1に係る受け台を示し、(a)は受け
台の平面図、(b)は受け台の部分断面図である。2A and 2B show a pedestal according to Embodiment 1, FIG. 2A is a plan view of the pedestal, and FIG. 2B is a partial sectional view of the pedestal.
【図3】 実施例1に係り、受け台の上に被接合部材を
配設する配設工程後の状態を示す部分断面図である。FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state after an arranging step of arranging a member to be joined on a pedestal according to the first embodiment.
【図4】 実施例1に係り、回転工具を回転させながら
被接合部材に対して垂直に押し付けて摩擦撹拌接合する
接合工程後の状態を示す部分断面図である。FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state after a joining step of friction stir welding by pressing vertically against a member to be joined while rotating a rotary tool according to the first embodiment.
【図5】 実施例1に係り、回転工具を被接合部材に対
して垂直に押し付けて摩擦撹拌接合して得られた、接合
良好な接合部材を示し、(a)は接合部材の部分断面
図、(b)は接合部材の底面図である。FIG. 5 shows a joining member with good joining obtained by pressing a rotary tool vertically against a member to be joined and friction stir welding according to the first embodiment, and (a) is a partial cross-sectional view of the joining member. , (B) are bottom views of the joining member.
【図6】 実施例1に係り、回転工具を回転させながら
被接合部材に対して斜めに押し付けて摩擦撹拌接合する
接合工程後の状態を示す部分断面図である。FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state after a joining step of friction stir welding by pressing diagonally against a member to be joined while rotating a rotary tool according to the first embodiment.
【図7】 実施例1に係り、回転工具を被接合部材に対
して斜めに押し付けて摩擦撹拌接合して得られた、接合
不良の接合部材を示し、(a)は接合部材の部分断面
図、(b)は接合部材の底面図である。FIG. 7 shows a joining member with poor joining obtained by obliquely pressing a rotary tool against a member to be joined and friction stir welding according to the first embodiment, and (a) is a partial cross-sectional view of the joining member. , (B) are bottom views of the joining member.
【図8】 実施例2に係り、回転工具を回転させながら
被接合部材に対して押し付けて摩擦撹拌接合する接合工
程後の状態を示す部分断面図である。FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state after a joining process in which a rotary tool is rotated and pressed against a member to be joined by friction stir welding according to the second embodiment.
1、2…被接合部材 10…接合部材 12…円周状成形凸部 20…回転工具 21…突部 30…受け台 31…受圧面 32…円周状凹条部(検知手段としての凹部) 34…圧力センサ(検知手段) 1, 2 ... Joined member 10 ... Joined member 12 ... Circumferentially formed convex portion 20 ... Rotating tool 21 ... Projection 30 ... Cradle 31 ... Pressure receiving surface 32 ... Circular concave portion (concave portion as detecting means) 34 ... Pressure sensor (detection means)
Claims (7)
中心として回転可能な回転工具と、該回転工具の押圧力
が作用する受圧面に受圧力を検知するための検知手段が
該回転中心周りの周方向に略均等に配設された受け台と
を用い、 複数の被接合部材を重ね合わせて上記受け台上に配設す
る配設工程と、 上記受け台上に配設された上記被接合部材に上記回転工
具を回転させながら押し付けて上記突部を該被接合部材
の内部に入り込ませ、該被接合部材の材料を非溶融の状
態で摩擦により撹拌させて該被接合部材同士を接合する
接合工程とを順に実施することを特徴とする摩擦撹拌接
合方法。1. A detection tool for detecting a pressure receiving force on a rotary tool having a protrusion at a tip thereof and rotatable about an axis of the protrusion as a rotation center, and a pressure receiving surface on which a pressing force of the rotary tool acts. A step of disposing a plurality of members to be joined on the pedestal by using a pedestal in which the means is disposed substantially evenly in the circumferential direction around the rotation center; While pressing the rotating tool against the arranged member to be welded while rotating the rotary tool, the projection is inserted into the member to be joined, and the material of the member to be joined is agitated by friction in a non-melted state. A friction stir welding method comprising sequentially performing a joining step of joining members to be joined together.
凸設された凹部又凸部であり、前記接合工程では、該受
圧面に当接する前記被接合部材の表面に、該凹部又は該
凸部により成形凸部又は成形凹部を成形することを特徴
とする請求項1記載の摩擦撹拌接合方法。2. The detecting means is a concave portion or a convex portion provided concavely or convexly on the pressure receiving surface, and in the joining step, the concave portion or the surface of the member to be joined that abuts the pressure receiving surface. The friction stir welding method according to claim 1, wherein a molding convex portion or a molding concave portion is molded by the convex portion.
な圧力センサであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の摩
擦撹拌接合方法。3. The friction stir welding method according to claim 1, wherein the detection means is a pressure sensor capable of detecting the received pressure.
れる受け台と、先端に突部を有し、該突部の軸芯を回転
中心として回転されながら、該受け台上に載置された該
被接合部材に押し付けられる回転工具とを備えた摩擦撹
拌接合装置において、 上記受け台には、上記回転工具の押圧力が作用する受圧
面に受圧力を検知するための検知手段が上記回転中心周
りの周方向に略均等に配設されていることを特徴とする
摩擦撹拌接合装置。4. A pedestal in which a plurality of members to be joined are arranged in an overlapping manner, and a protrusion is provided at the tip, and the pedestal is mounted on the pedestal while being rotated around the axis of the protrusion as a rotation center. In a friction stir welding apparatus provided with a rotary tool that is pressed against the member to be welded placed, in the pedestal, a detection means for detecting a pressure receiving force is applied to a pressure receiving surface on which a pressing force of the rotating tool acts. A friction stir welding device, wherein the friction stir welding device is arranged substantially evenly around the rotation center.
凸設された凹部又は凸部であることを特徴とする請求項
4記載の摩擦撹拌接合装置。5. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the detection means is a concave portion or a convex portion that is concave or convex on the pressure receiving surface.
な圧力センサであることを特徴とする請求項4記載の摩
擦撹拌接合装置。6. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the detection means is a pressure sensor capable of detecting the received pressure.
中心として回転可能な回転工具と、該回転工具の押圧力
が作用する受圧面に凹部又は凸部が該回転中心周りの周
方向に略均等に凹設又は凸設された受け台とを用い、該
受け台上に重ね合わせて配設された複数の被接合部材の
接合点に該回転工具を回転させながら押し付けて該突部
を該被接合部材の内部に入り込ませ、該被接合部材の材
料を非溶融の状態で摩擦により撹拌させて該被接合部材
同士を接合する摩擦撹拌接合により得られた接合部材で
あって、 上記凹部又は上記凸部により成形された成形凸部又は成
形凹部が、上記接合点周りの周方向に略均等に設けられ
ていることを特徴とする接合部材。7. A rotary tool having a protrusion at its tip and rotatable about an axis of the protrusion as a center of rotation, and a concave or convex portion on the pressure receiving surface on which the pressing force of the rotary tool acts. Using a pedestal that is concavely or convexly provided substantially evenly in the circumferential direction around the pedestal, pressing the rotating tool while rotating the rotary tool at the joining point of a plurality of members to be joined that are arranged in an overlapping manner on the pedestal. A joining member obtained by friction stir welding for joining the members to be joined by frictionally stirring the material of the members to be joined in a non-molten state by inserting the protrusion into the inside of the members to be joined. A joining member, characterized in that the forming protrusions or forming recesses formed by the recesses or the protruding portions are provided substantially evenly in the circumferential direction around the joining point.
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JP2002146586A JP4013648B2 (en) | 2002-05-21 | 2002-05-21 | Friction stir welding method and apparatus, and joining member |
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WO2005018866A1 (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2005-03-03 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Method for friction stir welding, jig therefor member with friction stir-welded portion, and tool for friction stir welding |
JP2005219094A (en) * | 2004-02-05 | 2005-08-18 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Method for friction stir welding, and jig therefor |
JP2012040583A (en) * | 2010-08-17 | 2012-03-01 | Osaka Univ | Method for manufacturing metal material |
WO2015097727A1 (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2015-07-02 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Friction stir spot welding apparatus, friction stir spot welding method, and device for detecting perpendicularity to surface for friction stir spot welding |
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2002
- 2002-05-21 JP JP2002146586A patent/JP4013648B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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WO2005018866A1 (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2005-03-03 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Method for friction stir welding, jig therefor member with friction stir-welded portion, and tool for friction stir welding |
US7367487B2 (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2008-05-06 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Method for friction stir welding, jig therefor, member with friction stir-welded portion, and tool for friction stir welding |
JP2005219094A (en) * | 2004-02-05 | 2005-08-18 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Method for friction stir welding, and jig therefor |
JP4542795B2 (en) * | 2004-02-05 | 2010-09-15 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Friction stir welding method and its jig |
JP2012040583A (en) * | 2010-08-17 | 2012-03-01 | Osaka Univ | Method for manufacturing metal material |
WO2015097727A1 (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2015-07-02 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Friction stir spot welding apparatus, friction stir spot welding method, and device for detecting perpendicularity to surface for friction stir spot welding |
JPWO2015097727A1 (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2017-03-23 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Friction stir spot welding device, friction stir spot welding method, and friction stir spot welding surface straightness detection device |
JP2021133387A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2021-09-13 | 日本軽金属株式会社 | Method for manufacturing composite structure |
JP7322749B2 (en) | 2020-02-26 | 2023-08-08 | 日本軽金属株式会社 | Composite structure manufacturing method |
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