JP2003300114A - Shaver and shaving method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shaver capable of supplying a mist-like cutting oil to exerting the maximum effect with the minimum amount of cutting oil. <P>SOLUTION: In the shaver, a nozzle 14 for feeding the mist-like cutting oil is provided at a position just before an engagement part of a gear 13 to be processed and a shaving cutter 1 in a radial direction of the shaving cutter 1. The processing is carried out while the cutting oil is exactly deposited on the shaving cutter 1. The shaver can supply the mist-like cutting oil exhibiting the maximum effect with the minimum amount of the cutting oil. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shaving machine and a shaving method for finely cutting a tooth surface of a gear for finishing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A shaving cutter uses a side slip generated by meshing with a serrated edge provided on a tooth surface as a cutting edge, meshing with a gear to be processed in a state having an axial crossing angle, and rotating the gear. It is a tool that finishes by finely cutting the tooth surface of the gear to be processed in which the tooth profile is created.

Generally, in the shaving process using a shaving cutter, a cutting fluid is supplied to the cutting portion. However, the cutting fluid deteriorates the working environment such as an offensive odor, dirt due to oil, and generation of oil smoke, and has a problem of waste oil treatment. For this reason, in recent years, by devising the tool material and the processing method, dry cutting for performing finish cutting without using a cutting fluid has come to be performed in the field of shaving (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-1616). reference).

When the shaving process is performed by dry cutting, since cutting oil is not used, it becomes difficult to discharge the cutting chips from the cutting portion, and the heat of the cutting chips is transmitted to the cutting portion due to the biting of the cutting chips. There is a possibility that problems such as a shortened tool life such as peeling of the machined surface and deterioration of machining accuracy may occur. Therefore, conventionally, mist-like air containing a small amount of cutting fluid is supplied to the meshing portion (semi-dry processing) to suppress the occurrence of defects such as peeling of the processed surface and thermal deformation.

[0005]

However, in the prior art, since the mist-like cutting fluid is simply supplied to the meshing portion, the point that the maximum effect is exhibited with the minimum amount of cutting fluid. It cannot be said that it is considered, and the setting of the optimum supply position and supply situation has not been established.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a shaving machine and a shaving method capable of supplying a mist-like cutting oil agent with the maximum effect with a minimum amount of cutting oil agent. The purpose is to provide.

[0007]

A shaving machine according to the present invention for achieving the above object rotates a gear to be processed and a shaving cutter by meshing them at an axial intersection angle.
A shaving machine for finely cutting the tooth surface of a gear to be processed, characterized in that mist supply means for supplying a mist-like cutting fluid is provided immediately before the meshing portion between the gear to be processed and the shaving cutter.

The mist supplying means is characterized by supplying a mist-like cutting oil in the radial direction of the shaving cutter.

Further, the mist supply means is a flat nozzle extending in the tooth width direction of the shaving cutter.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that an air shield member is provided in the vicinity of the mist supply means on the rear side in the rotation direction of the shaving cutter.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that a mist collecting means for collecting the floating mist-like cutting fluid is provided.

Further, it is characterized in that a chip removing means is provided.

The shaving method of the present invention for achieving the above object is a shaving method in which a gear to be processed and a shaving cutter are meshed with each other at an axial crossing angle and rotated to finely cut a tooth surface of the gear to be processed. The machining is performed while supplying the mist-like cutting fluid immediately before the meshing portion between the gear to be processed and the shaving cutter.

The present invention is characterized in that the machining is performed while supplying a mist-like cutting fluid in the radial direction of the shaving cutter.

Further, it is characterized in that the working is carried out while supplying a mist-like cutting oil agent over the tooth width direction of the shaving cutter.

Further, the invention is characterized in that the entrained layer of air from the rear side in the rotation direction of the shaving cutter is cut off to perform the processing.

Further, it is characterized in that the processing is performed while collecting the floating mist-like cutting fluid.

Further, it is characterized in that the machining is performed while removing the chips.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of the teeth of a shaving cutter, FIG. 2 is a description of the supply status of a mist-like cutting fluid, and FIG. It is shown.

As shown in FIG. 1, the shaving cutter 1
The tooth flank 2 is provided with a plurality of serrations 3, and the serrations 3 are in a state in which the cutting edge 4 is formed on the tooth flank 2. Further, a circular relief portion 5 is formed on the tooth bottom portion of the shaving cutter 1.

As shown in FIG. 2, an MQL (Minimum Quanti) is used for processing while supplying a very small amount of mist-like cutting fluid.
ty Lubrication: A mist-like cutting oil in the minimum amount of lubrication) was supplied in the width direction of the shaving cutter 1 from the meshing point a, the meshing start point (meshing end point) b, and the non-meshing point c (immediately before the meshing portion). Further, in the non-meshing portion c, the shaving cutter 1 was also supplied from the radial direction. The rotation speed of the shaving cutter 1 is 220r.
When the mist-like cutting fluid is supplied to the non-meshing portion c, the rotation speed is 220 rpm, which is 394 which is a high speed.
It was carried out at rpm.

FIG. 3 shows the result of the condition of the machined surface. When the mist-like cutting fluid was supplied from the meshing point a and the meshing start point (meshing end point) b, peeling occurred on the machined surface. When the mist-shaped cutting fluid is supplied from the non-meshing point c (immediately before the meshing portion), no peeling occurs in the widthwise supply when the rotation speed is 220 rpm, and the shaving cutter 1 is supplied in the radial direction. No peeling occurred even at high speed (394 rpm).

When the mist-like cutting fluid is supplied from the meshing point a and the meshing start point (meshing end point) b, peeling occurs on the machined surface because the shaving cutter 1 and the gear to be machined mesh with each other. This is because it was difficult to enter the cutting oil at the cutting point because the MQL mist-like cutting oil was supplied. When the mist-like cutting fluid was supplied from the non-meshing point c (immediately before the meshing part), there was no peeling when the rotation speed was 220 rpm when it was supplied from the width direction. The reason is that the cutting fluid surely adhered to the serrations 3 at the parts, and the cause of no plucking even at high speed (394 rpm) when supplied from the radial direction was the serration 3
This is because the cutting oil has surely adhered along the.

From the above results, the shaving machine of the present invention is provided with the mist supply means for supplying the mist-like cutting oil immediately before the meshing portion between the gear to be processed and the shaving cutter 1.

[0025]

Embodiments of the shaving machine of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 4 is a concept showing a configuration of a shaving machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a detail of a flat nozzle, and FIGS. 6 to 9 are second to fifth embodiments of the present invention. 2 shows the concept of the configuration of the shaving machine according to the present invention. The configuration of the shaving cutter 1 is as shown in FIG. 1, and duplicate description is omitted.

A first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

As shown in FIG. 4, the shaving cutter 1
Is connected to the rotating device 12 via the rotating shaft 11, and
A gear 13 to be machined as a gear to be machined is supported by pushing a center 19 into a center hole 14 and can be driven and rotated. The shaving cutter 1 and the gear to be cut 13 are meshed with each other at an axial intersection angle, and the shaving cutter 1 and the gear to be cut 1 are driven by driving the shaving cutter 1.
On the tooth surface of No. 3, relative slip occurs in the tooth profile direction and the tooth trace direction. As a result, the edge portion of the serration 3 of the shaving cutter 1 becomes a cutting edge, and the tooth surface of the gear 13 to be cut is finely cut.

Immediately before the meshing portion between the shaving cutter 1 and the gear 13 to be cut, a nozzle 14 as a mist supply means is provided.
Is provided, and the nozzle 14 has its ejection port directed toward the shaving cutter 1 and supplies a mist-like cutting fluid from the mist generator 15 to the shaving cutter 1. The nozzle 14 is installed so that a mist-like cutting fluid is supplied in the radial direction of the shaving cutter 1 (direction of arrow A in FIG. 1).

When the tooth width of the shaving cutter 1 is wide and the nozzle 14 cannot supply the mist-like cutting fluid over the entire tooth width, a plurality of holes are arranged in a straight line as shown in FIG. By using the flat nozzles 17 described above and arranging the flat nozzles 17 in the tooth width direction, it becomes possible to supply a mist-like cutting fluid to the entire serration 3. The flat nozzle 17 is a nozzle that can take in the mist-like cutting fluid sent from the mist generator 15 from the mist intake port 18 and supply it through the mist supply port 16 of a plurality of nozzles.

As shown in FIG. 4, by supplying the mist-like cutting fluid supplied from the nozzle 14 (flat nozzle 17) just before the shaving cutter 1 and the gear 13 to be meshed with each other, the cutting oil is supplied. The amount of the mist-like cutting oil adhering to the shaving cutter 1 is minimized by the centrifugal force of the shaving cutter 1, and the shaving cutter 1 is processed in a state in which the mist-like cutting oil is sufficiently adhered. It becomes possible.

Further, by supplying the mist-like cutting oil from the radial direction of the shaving cutter 1 (the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1), the supply direction becomes the same direction as the groove of the serration 3, and the entire area of the serration 3 is made uniform. It is possible to supply the mist-like cutting fluid to the flanks and the rake face. Depending on the tooth width of the shaving cutter 1, it is possible to supply the mist-like cutting fluid in the tooth trace direction.

For example, when the ester-based cutting fluid is made into a mist and is supplied from the direction A under the conditions of a supply amount of 20 cc / h and a supply pressure of 60 kPa (gauge) at a point 5 mm away from the nozzle 14, machining is performed. It has been confirmed that the peeling on the tooth surface has completely disappeared when it was supplied from the direction A.

A second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
The same members as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the duplicate description is omitted.

In the shaving process in which the shaving cutter 1 rotates in the normal direction and in the reverse direction, another nozzle 14b is installed so as to be in a position symmetrical with respect to the nozzle 14a in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis, so that the serration on the opposite side is formed. Also, it becomes possible to sufficiently supply the cutting fluid. At this time, during normal rotation, the mist generator 15a supplies mist-like cutting oil from the nozzle 14a, and the nozzle 14b stops mist-like cutting oil and supplies only air. On the contrary, at the time of reversal, the mist generating device 15b supplies the mist-like cutting oil from the nozzle 14b, and the nozzle 14a stops the mist-like cutting oil and supplies only air. This allows
The cutting fluid used can be kept to a minimum, and the effect of removing chips with air can be expected.

A third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
The same members as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the duplicate description is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 7, a wind shield plate 21 as a wind shield member is installed near the side surface of the nozzle 14 (on the rear side in the rotation direction of the shaving cutter 1). By installing the wind shield plate 21, the entrained layer (boundary layer) of air generated on the outer periphery of the shaving cutter 1 when the shaving cutter 1 is rotated is removed, and the mist-like cutting oil agent is less likely to adhere to the boundary layer. Can be prevented.

A fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
The same members as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the duplicate description is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 8, a cover 22 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the nozzle 14 as a mist collecting means for collecting the floating mist-like cutting fluid. By providing the cover 22, it is possible to collect mist that does not adhere to the shaving cutter 1 and floats outside the shaving machine to deteriorate the working environment. Also cover 2
The mist collected by 2 can be taken out by the escape port 23 attached to the lower part of the cover 22 and can be reused.

A fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
The same members as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the duplicate description is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 9, the shaving cutter 1
A magnet 24 is provided as a chip removing means on the outer peripheral portion of the cutting gear 13 and the outer peripheral portion of the gear 13 to be adsorbed by the magnet 25. This makes it possible to easily remove and collect chips. Also, shaving cutter 1
An air nozzle 25 as a chip removing means is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the shaving cutter 1 and the outer peripheral portion of the gear 13 to be cut.
Also, air is ejected toward the gear 13 to be cut, and the chips 27 are removed. As a result, chips can be easily removed.

Since the configurations of the first to fifth embodiments described above can be operated independently of each other, a shaving machine can be formed by appropriately combining the configurations of the first to fifth embodiments. Is. This makes it possible to further improve the processing performance.

[0042]

The shaving machine of the present invention is a shaving machine that meshes and rotates a gear to be processed and a shaving cutter at an axis crossing angle to finely cut the tooth surface of the gear to be processed. Since the mist supply means for supplying the mist-like cutting oil is provided immediately before the meshing portion between the cutting oil and the shaving cutter, the cutting oil can be accurately attached to the shaving cutter for processing. As a result, it becomes a shaving machine capable of supplying the mist-like cutting oil by exerting the maximum effect with the minimum amount of cutting oil.

Since the mist supplying means supplies the mist-like cutting oil in the radial direction of the shaving cutter, the mist-like cutting oil can be supplied in the same direction along the serration.

Further, since the mist supply means is a flat nozzle extending in the tooth width direction of the shaving cutter, it is necessary to uniformly supply the cutting oil agent to the entire flanks of the serration and to the flank and rake surfaces. You can

Further, since the wind shielding member is provided in the vicinity of the mist supply means on the rear side of the shaving cutter in the rotation direction, the entrained layer (boundary layer) of air generated on the outer periphery of the shaving cutter during rotation is removed to remove the mist shape. It is possible to prevent the cutting oil from becoming difficult to adhere due to the boundary layer.

Further, since the mist collecting means for collecting the floating mist-like cutting oil agent is provided, it is possible to collect the mist which does not adhere to the shaving cutter and floats outside the shaving machine to deteriorate the working environment.

Since the chip removing means is provided, the chips can be easily removed.

The shaving method of the present invention is a shaving method in which a gear to be processed and a shaving cutter are meshed with each other at an axial crossing angle and rotated to finely cut the tooth surface of the gear to be processed. Since the processing is performed while supplying the mist-like cutting oil immediately before the meshing portion between the cutting oil and the shaving cutter, the cutting oil can be accurately attached to the shaving cutter to perform the processing. As a result, it becomes a shaving method capable of supplying the mist-like cutting oil by exerting the maximum effect with the minimum amount of cutting oil.

Since the processing is carried out while supplying the mist-like cutting oil in the radial direction of the shaving cutter, the mist-like cutting oil can be supplied in the same direction along the serration.

Further, since the processing is carried out while supplying the mist-like cutting fluid over the tooth width direction of the shaving cutter, it is possible to make the entire surface of the serration uniform and the flank face.
Mist-like cutting fluid can be supplied sufficiently to the rake face portion.

Further, since the entrained layer of air from the rear side in the rotation direction of the shaving cutter is cut off to perform the processing, it is possible to prevent the mist-like cutting oil agent from becoming difficult to adhere due to the boundary layer. it can.

Further, since the floating mist-like cutting oil agent is processed while being collected, it is possible to collect the mist which does not adhere to the shaving cutter and floats outside the shaving machine to deteriorate the working environment. .

Further, since the processing is performed while removing the chips, the chips can be easily removed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of a tooth portion of a shaving cutter.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a supply state of a mist-like cutting fluid.

FIG. 3 is a table of evaluation of peeling of a processed surface with respect to supply status.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of a shaving machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a detailed view of a flat nozzle.

FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a shaving machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a shaving machine according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a shaving machine according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a shaving machine according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 shaving cutter 2 tooth flank 3 serrations 4 cutting edges 5 escape area 11 rotation axis 12 rotator 13 Gears to be cut 14 nozzles 15 Mist generator 16 Mist supply port 17 flat nozzle 18 Mist intake 21 Wind shield 22 cover 23 escape 24 magnets 25 air nozzles 26 Air blow generator 27 chips

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Masato Kinouchi             1-8 Koura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa               Advanced Technology Research Center, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.             -In (72) Inventor Masakatsu Fujita             130 Rokujizo, Ritto City, Shiga Mitsubishi Heavy Industries             Machine Tool Division Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 3C025 GG01

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A shaving machine for finely cutting a tooth surface of a gear to be machined by rotating the gear to be machined and a shaving cutter at an axis-intersecting angle, the meshing portion of the gear and the shaving cutter being machined. A shaving machine characterized in that a mist supply means for supplying a mist-like cutting oil is provided immediately before. 2. The mist supply means according to claim 1,
A shaving machine that supplies mist-like cutting fluid in the radial direction of the shaving cutter. 3. The mist supply means according to claim 2,
A shaving machine which is a flat nozzle extending in the tooth width direction of the shaving cutter. 4. The shaving machine according to claim 1, further comprising a wind shield provided near the mist supply means on the rear side of the shaving cutter in the rotation direction. 5. The shaving machine according to claim 1, further comprising a mist collecting means for collecting the floating mist-like cutting oil agent. 6. The shaving machine according to claim 1, further comprising a chip removing means. 7. A shaving method in which a gear to be processed and a shaving cutter are meshed with each other at an axial crossing angle and rotated to finely cut a tooth surface of the gear to be processed, wherein the gear and the shaving cutter are meshed with each other. A shaving processing method characterized in that processing is performed while supplying a mist-like cutting fluid immediately before the portion. 8. The shaving processing method according to claim 7, wherein the processing is performed while supplying a mist-like cutting fluid in the radial direction of the shaving cutter. 9. The shaving method according to claim 8, wherein the processing is performed while supplying a mist-like cutting fluid over the tooth width direction of the shaving cutter. 10. The shaving method according to claim 7, wherein the entrained layer of air from the rear side in the rotation direction of the shaving cutter is cut off to perform the processing. 11. The shaving method according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein processing is performed while collecting floating mist-like cutting fluid. 12. The shaving method according to claim 7, wherein the shaving method is performed while removing chips.