JP2003284251A - Power supply device - Google Patents
Power supply deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003284251A JP2003284251A JP2002076518A JP2002076518A JP2003284251A JP 2003284251 A JP2003284251 A JP 2003284251A JP 2002076518 A JP2002076518 A JP 2002076518A JP 2002076518 A JP2002076518 A JP 2002076518A JP 2003284251 A JP2003284251 A JP 2003284251A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- parallel
- unit
- battery
- series
- power supply
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、例えば車両に搭載
された電装部品に電源を供給する電源装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power supply device for supplying power to electric components mounted on a vehicle, for example.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、複数の単位電池を直列に接続する
ことで組電池を構成し、この組電池を電源とする電源装
置が、特開２００１−２１８３７６号公報に開示されて
いる。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-218376 discloses a power supply device which constitutes a battery pack by connecting a plurality of unit batteries in series and uses the battery pack as a power source.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら従来の技
術においては、単位電池が過充電又は過放電になること
を回避するために、単位電池が所定の充電率になるよう
に制御しているが、電源として所望する電圧範囲を維持
しながら、所望の充電率の範囲にすることが難しい場合
がある。However, in the prior art, in order to prevent the unit battery from being overcharged or overdischarged, the unit battery is controlled to have a predetermined charging rate. It may be difficult to maintain a desired charging rate range while maintaining a desired voltage range as a power source.
【０００４】そこで、本発明は、上述した実情に鑑みて
提案されたものであり、安価な汎用電池を用いて所望と
する電池電圧を得ることができ、各単位電池を所望の充
電率範囲内に維持することが可能な電源装置を提供する
ものである。Therefore, the present invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and a desired battery voltage can be obtained by using an inexpensive general-purpose battery, and each unit battery is within a desired charging rate range. It is intended to provide a power supply device that can be maintained.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】請求項１に係る電源装置
では、出力電圧と充電率とに相関関係を有する単位電池
を直列接続した直列接続部と、上記直列接続部と接続さ
れ、少なくとも２つの上記単位電池を並列接続した並列
部を直列接続した並列接続部とを備え、上記並列部の接
続数を調整して所望の出力電圧範囲の電圧を出力するよ
うにした。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power supply device, wherein a series connection part in which unit batteries having a correlation between an output voltage and a charging rate are connected in series, and the series connection part is connected to at least 2 units. A parallel connection part in which a parallel part in which the two unit batteries are connected in parallel is connected in series is provided, and the number of connections in the parallel part is adjusted to output a voltage in a desired output voltage range.
【０００６】請求項２に係る電源装置では、請求項１に
記載の電源装置であって、上記直列接続部の単位電池
と、並列接続部の単位電池とで充電率を異なる範囲にし
たことを特徴とする。According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the power source apparatus according to the first aspect, the unit batteries of the series connection section and the unit cells of the parallel connection section have different charging rates. Characterize.
【０００７】請求項３に係る電源装置では、請求項１又
は請求項２に記載の電源装置であって、各単位電池とし
て、負極活性物質に非晶質炭素を含むリチウムイオン電
池、正極材料にリチウムマンガン酸化物を用いた電池、
又は正極材料にリチウムニッケル酸化物を用いた電池を
使用したことを特徴とする。A power supply device according to claim 3 is the power supply device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each unit cell is a lithium ion battery containing an amorphous carbon in a negative electrode active material, and a positive electrode material. Battery using lithium manganese oxide,
Alternatively, a battery using lithium nickel oxide as a positive electrode material is used.
【０００８】請求項４に係る電源装置では、請求項１〜
請求項３の何れかに記載の電源装置であって、単位電池
の配列構成を、Ｋ個の単位電池からなる並列部をＬ個直
列接続し、更にＭ個の単位電池からなる並列部をＮ個直
列接続した場合に、Ｋ個の並列部の充電率範囲を、Ｍ個
の並列部の充電率範囲のＫ／Ｍ倍に設定したことを特徴
とする。According to the fourth aspect of the power supply device,
4. The power supply device according to claim 3, wherein the unit cells are arranged in an arrangement in which L parallel units each including K unit batteries are connected in series, and N parallel units each including M unit batteries are connected. When they are connected in series, the charging rate range of the K parallel sections is set to K / M times the charging rate range of the M parallel sections.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、所定範囲の出力電圧を
維持すると共に、所定範囲の充電率を維持することがで
きる。According to the present invention, it is possible to maintain an output voltage in a predetermined range and a charge rate in a predetermined range.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態につい
て図面を参照して説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１１】本発明は、例えば図１に構成図を示し、図
２に回路図をに示すように構成された電源装置に適用さ
れる。The present invention is applied to, for example, a power supply device having a configuration diagram shown in FIG. 1 and a circuit diagram shown in FIG.
【００１２】［電源装置の構成］なお本実施の形態で
は、電源装置を電気自動車の電源として、利用するもの
とする。[Structure of Power Supply Device] In this embodiment, the power supply device is used as a power supply for an electric vehicle.
【００１３】この電源装置は、図１に示すように、２つ
の単位電池１が並列に接続された並列部１３が、３つ直
列に接続されることで並列群１２を構成し、この並列群
１２と、複数の単位電池１が直列に接続された直列部１
１とが、直列に接続されて、電源装置を構成している。As shown in FIG. 1, this power supply unit forms a parallel group 12 by connecting three parallel units 13 in each of which two unit batteries 1 are connected in parallel, in series. 12 and a series unit 1 in which a plurality of unit batteries 1 are connected in series
1 and 1 are connected in series to form a power supply device.
【００１４】直列部１１は、単位電池１の正極１ａと隣
接して配置される単位電池１の負極１ｂとが接続端子２
１によって接続され、この接続端子２１による接続が複
数の単位電池１で行われることで、直列に接続された直
列部１１を構成している。なお、図１に示す実施の形態
では、８つの単位電池１が直列に接続されている。In the serial portion 11, the positive electrode 1a of the unit battery 1 and the negative electrode 1b of the unit battery 1 arranged adjacent to each other are connected to each other by a connection terminal 2
1 and the connection terminal 21 is connected by the plurality of unit batteries 1 to form the series section 11 connected in series. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, eight unit batteries 1 are connected in series.
【００１５】並列部１３を構成する２つの単位電池１
は、２つの正極１ａ同士が接続端子２１で接続されると
共に、２つの負極１ｂ同士が接続端子２１で接続され、
並列部１３を構成している。更に、隣接する並列部１３
の正極１ａと負極１ｂとが、接続端子２１で接続される
ことによって、並列群１２を構成している。Two unit batteries 1 constituting the parallel section 13
Indicates that the two positive electrodes 1a are connected to each other at the connection terminal 21 and the two negative electrodes 1b are connected to each other at the connection terminal 21.
The parallel section 13 is configured. Furthermore, the adjacent parallel part 13
The positive electrode 1 a and the negative electrode 1 b are connected by the connection terminal 21 to form the parallel group 12.
【００１６】なお、直列部１１と並列群１２とが隣接す
る部分においては、直列部１１の単位電池１の負極１ｂ
と並列部１３の正極１ａとが接続端子２１で接続されて
いる。In the portion where the series portion 11 and the parallel group 12 are adjacent to each other, the negative electrode 1b of the unit battery 1 of the series portion 11 is arranged.
And the positive electrode 1a of the parallel portion 13 are connected by the connection terminal 21.
【００１７】図２は、図１に示した電源装置の回路図で
あって、直列部１１の一端の接続端子２１が正端子３１
に接続され、並列群１２の一端の接続端子２１が負端子
４１へと接続されて、この正端子３１と負端子４１との
間に図示しない車両の電装部品や発電機などの負荷が接
続されて、電源装置から電装部品へ電力が供給（放電）
され、または、発電機から電源装置へと電力が供給（充
電）される。FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the power supply device shown in FIG. 1, in which the connection terminal 21 at one end of the series portion 11 is a positive terminal 31.
And a connection terminal 21 at one end of the parallel group 12 is connected to a negative terminal 41, and a load such as an electric component of a vehicle or a generator (not shown) is connected between the positive terminal 31 and the negative terminal 41. Power is supplied from the power supply unit to electrical components (discharge)
Alternatively, electric power is supplied (charged) from the generator to the power supply device.
【００１８】各単位電池１としては、負極活性物質に非
晶質炭素を含むリチウムイオン電池や、正極材料にリチ
ウムマンガン酸化物を用いたもの、又は正極材料にリチ
ウムニッケル酸化物を用いたものが使用され、出力電圧
と充電率（ＳＯＣ）とに相関関係を有する。各単位電池
１は、電源装置の使用時における充電率（ＳＯＣ）範囲
が予め規定されている。図示しない電源装置の制御部
は、単位電池１の保護のために、直列部１１の各単位電
池１を上限単位ＳＯＣ〜下限ＳＯＣの間で制御する。こ
こで、制御部は、単一の単位電池１のＳＯＣを制御する
処理と、並列部１３のＳＯＣを制御する処理とを同様に
して行う。結果的に、各単位電池１を上限単位ＳＯＣ〜
下限ＳＯＣの間で制御し、上限ＳＯＣの１／２〜下限Ｓ
ＯＣの１／２の間で並列群１２の各単位電池１を制御す
ることになる。As each unit battery 1, a lithium ion battery containing amorphous carbon as a negative electrode active material, a lithium manganese oxide as a positive electrode material, or a lithium nickel oxide as a positive electrode material is used. Used to correlate output voltage with state of charge (SOC). A charge rate (SOC) range of each unit battery 1 when the power supply device is used is defined in advance. The control unit of the power supply device (not shown) controls each unit battery 1 of the series unit 11 between the upper limit unit SOC and the lower limit SOC in order to protect the unit battery 1. Here, the control unit similarly performs the process of controlling the SOC of the single unit battery 1 and the process of controlling the SOC of the parallel unit 13. As a result, the upper limit unit SOC
Control between the lower limit SOC, 1/2 of the upper limit SOC to the lower limit S
Each unit battery 1 of the parallel group 12 is controlled within 1/2 of OC.
【００１９】そして、この電源装置では、各単位電池１
がＳＯＣと相関した出力電圧を出力するので、各単位電
池１のＳＯＣを制御することで正端子３１及び負端子３
２を介した出力電圧を常用電圧範囲内にて制御する。In this power supply device, each unit battery 1
Outputs an output voltage that is correlated with the SOC, so by controlling the SOC of each unit battery 1, the positive terminal 31 and the negative terminal 3 are controlled.
The output voltage via 2 is controlled within the normal voltage range.
【００２０】［電源装置の具体的な説明］本例において
は、図１に示すように直列部１１を８個の単位電池１に
て構成し、並列群１２を３つの並列部１３にて構成した
場合について説明し、各単位電池１の容量が１０Ａｈ、
内部抵抗が２ｍΩ、動作電圧範囲が２．５Ｖ〜４．１Ｖ
のものを使用した場合について説明する。[Specific Description of Power Supply Device] In this example, as shown in FIG. 1, the serial section 11 is composed of eight unit batteries 1, and the parallel group 12 is composed of three parallel sections 13. When the unit battery 1 has a capacity of 10 Ah,
Internal resistance 2mΩ, operating voltage range 2.5V-4.1V
The case of using the one will be described.
【００２１】図３に、予め設定されている常用電圧範囲
に対する電源装置全体でのＳＯＣ［％］と出力電圧
［Ｖ］との関係を示す。FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the SOC [%] and the output voltage [V] of the entire power supply device with respect to a preset normal voltage range.
【００２２】この図３では、１２個の単位電池１を直列
接続した場合（図中：△）、１１個の単位電池１を直列
接続した場合（図中：＋）、１０個の単位電池１を直列
接続した場合（図中：●）、９個の単位電池１を直列接
続した場合（図中：×）を示すと共に、８個の単位電池
１の直列部１１と３個の並列部１３の並列群１２とを接
続した場合（図中：■）を示す。In FIG. 3, when 12 unit batteries 1 are connected in series (in the figure: Δ), 11 unit batteries 1 are connected in series (in the figure: +), 10 unit cells 1 Shows a case where 9 unit batteries 1 are connected in series (in the figure: ●), and a case where 9 unit batteries 1 are connected in series (in the figure: ×), the series portion 11 of the eight unit batteries 1 and the three parallel portions 13 are shown. When the parallel group 12 of is connected (in the figure: ▪).
【００２３】これによれば、全体の出力電圧を３６Ｖ
（常用電圧下限）〜４４Ｖ（常用電圧上限）の範囲内
（常用電圧範囲）で制御する場合に、１２個の直列接続
ではＳＯＣが２０％〜４５％となり常用可能なＳＯＣ範
囲が狭くなる。また、１１個の直列接続では、ＳＯＣが
２０％〜８０％となり、例えばＳＯＣが８０％のときに
急激に充電する必要が発生した場合に充電をすることが
困難となる。更に、１０個の直列接続では、ＳＯＣが４
０％〜１００％となり、充電性能が不足し、また常に満
充電に近い状態で使用されるので耐久性が低下する。更
に、９個の直列接続では、ＳＯＣが８０％〜１００％と
なり、全常用動作範囲の出力電圧が得られない上に、使
用可能なＳＯＣ範囲が限られる。According to this, the total output voltage is 36V.
When controlling within the range of (usual voltage lower limit) to 44 V (usual voltage upper limit) (usual voltage range), 12 series-connected SOCs are 20% to 45%, and the normally usable SOC range is narrowed. Further, in the case of 11 pieces connected in series, the SOC becomes 20% to 80%, and it becomes difficult to charge the battery when it is necessary to rapidly charge the battery when the SOC is 80%, for example. Furthermore, when 10 units are connected in series, the SOC is 4
It becomes 0% to 100%, the charging performance is insufficient, and the durability is lowered because it is always used in a state close to full charge. Further, in the case of connecting nine batteries in series, the SOC becomes 80% to 100%, the output voltage in the entire normal operation range cannot be obtained, and the usable SOC range is limited.
【００２４】これに対し、本発明を適用した電源装置で
は、直列部１１を構成する単位電池１数及び並列群１２
を構成する単位電池１の数を調整して、所望とする常用
電圧範囲を所望とするＳＯＣ範囲で得ることができる。On the other hand, in the power supply device to which the present invention is applied, the number of unit batteries 1 constituting the series section 11 and the parallel group 12
By adjusting the number of the unit batteries 1 constituting the above, a desired normal voltage range can be obtained within a desired SOC range.
【００２５】図４に、直列部１１のＳＯＣ範囲を８０％
〜２０％にし、並列群１２のＳＯＣ範囲を４０％〜１０
％としたときの電源装置全体の放電容量［Ｗｈ］と端子
電圧［Ｖ］との関係（図中：△）、直列部１１のＳＯＣ
範囲を８０％〜２０％にしたときの直列部１１の放電容
量［Ｗｈ］とセル電圧［Ｖ］との関係（図中：◆）、並
列群１２のＳＯＣ範囲を４０％〜１０％としたときの並
列群１２の放電容量［Ｗｈ］とセル電圧［Ｖ］との関係
（図中：■）を示す。In FIG. 4, the SOC range of the series section 11 is 80%.
To 20%, and the SOC range of the parallel group 12 is 40% to 10%.
%, The relationship between the discharge capacity [Wh] of the entire power supply device and the terminal voltage [V] (in the figure: Δ), the SOC of the series portion 11
The relationship between the discharge capacity [Wh] of the series part 11 and the cell voltage [V] when the range is set to 80% to 20% (in the figure: ◆), the SOC range of the parallel group 12 is set to 40% to 10%. The relationship between the discharge capacity [Wh] and the cell voltage [V] of the parallel group 12 at this time (in the figure: ▪) is shown.
【００２６】ここで、電源装置全体での総電圧範囲は、
３６Ｖ〜４２．６５Ｖである。電源装置の充放電による
電流値は総電圧と電源装置の抵抗で決定されるが、並列
群１２の単位電池１には常に直列部１１の１／２の電流
が流れるため、並列群１２のＳＯＣ変化が常に直列部１
１のＳＯＣ変化の１／２となる。Here, the total voltage range of the entire power supply device is
36V to 42.65V. The current value due to charging / discharging of the power supply device is determined by the total voltage and the resistance of the power supply device, but since half the current of the series portion 11 always flows through the unit battery 1 of the parallel group 12, the SOC of the parallel group 12 is Change is always series 1
It becomes 1/2 of the SOC change of 1.
【００２７】したがって、並列群１２のＳＯＣ範囲は、
直列部１１のＳＯＣ範囲の１／２となるように設定す
る。また、直並列数を任意の数とし、単位電池１の配列
構成をＫ個の単位電池１からなる並列部をＬ個直列接続
し、更にＭ個の単位電池１からなる並列部をＮ個直列接
続した場合に、
Ｋ並列×Ｌ直列＋Ｍ並列×Ｎ直列（Ｋ，Ｌ，Ｍ，Ｎは任
意の整数）
と表現し、Ｋ並列部のＳＯＣ範囲を、Ｍ並列部のＳＯＣ
範囲のＫ／Ｍ倍に設定する。Therefore, the SOC range of the parallel group 12 is
It is set to be 1/2 of the SOC range of the serial section 11. In addition, the number of series-parallel connections is arbitrary, and the arrangement configuration of the unit cells 1 is such that L parallel sections of K unit cells 1 are connected in series, and N parallel sections of M unit cells 1 are connected in series. When connected, it is expressed as K parallel × L series + M parallel × N series (K, L, M, and N are arbitrary integers), and the SOC range of the K parallel part is the SOC of the M parallel part.
Set to K / M times the range.
【００２８】また、直列部１１の単位電池１及び並列群
１２の単位電池１は、ＳＯＣに応じて動作電圧が変動す
る。The operating voltage of the unit battery 1 of the series section 11 and the unit battery 1 of the parallel group 12 varies depending on the SOC.
【００２９】例えば電源装置のＳＯＣが８０％のとき
に、５ｋＷの出力電力を供給する場合、電源装置の開放
電圧が４２．６５Ｖ、内部抵抗が
２ｍΩ×８直列＋（２ｍΩ／２並列）×３直列＝１９ｍ
Ω
となるから、電源装置の出力時動作電圧は
［42.65＋｛42.65２−（4×5ｋＷ×19／100
0）｝１／２］／2＝40.3Ｖ
となり、各単位電池１に流れる電流値は
５ｋＷ÷４０．３Ｖ＝１２４．１Ａ
となる。このとき、直列部１１の単位電池１の電圧は、
開放電圧が３．９８５Ｖであるから、
３．９８５−０．００１９×１２４．１＝３．７５Ｖ
となり、並列群１２の単位電池１の電圧は、開放電圧が
３．５９５Ｖ、電流値が直列部１１の１／２となるか
ら、
３．５９５−０．００２２×６２．０５＝３．４６Ｖ
となる。For example, when the output power of 5 kW is supplied when the SOC of the power supply is 80%, the open-circuit voltage of the power supply is 42.65 V and the internal resistance is 2 mΩ × 8 series + (2 mΩ / 2 parallel) × 3. Series = 19m
Therefore, the operating voltage at the output of the power supply is [42.65 + {42.65 2 − (4 × 5 kW × 19/100
0)} 1/2 ] /2=40.3V, and the current value flowing through each unit battery 1 is 5 kW / 40.3V = 124.1A. At this time, the voltage of the unit battery 1 of the series section 11 is
Since the open circuit voltage is 3.985V, it becomes 3.985-0.0019 × 124.1 = 3.75V, and the voltage of the unit battery 1 of the parallel group 12 has an open circuit voltage of 3.595V and a current value of the series part. Since it is 1/2 of 11, 3.595−0.0022 × 62.05 = 3.46V.
【００３０】一方、電源装置のＳＯＣが２０％のときに
５ｋＷの出力電力を供給する場合、電源装置の開放電圧
が３５．９Ｖ、内部抵抗が２７．５ｍΩとなるから、電
源装置の出力時動作電圧は
［35.9＋｛35.9２−（4×5ｋＷ×27.5／100
0）｝１／２］／2＝31.5Ｖ
となり、各単位電池１に流れる電流値は
５ｋＷ÷３１．５Ｖ＝１５８．５Ａ
となる。このとき、直列部１１の単位電池１の電圧は、
開放電圧が３．３０８Ｖ、内部抵抗が２．５６ｍΩであ
るから、
３．３０８−０．００２５６×１５８．５＝２．９０Ｖ
となり、並列群１２の単位電池１の電圧は、開放電圧が
３．２３８Ｖ、内部抵抗が４．６５ｍΩとなるから、
３．２３８−０．００４６５／２×１５８．５＝２．８
７Ｖ
となる。On the other hand, when the output power of 5 kW is supplied when the SOC of the power supply device is 20%, the open-circuit voltage of the power supply device becomes 35.9 V and the internal resistance becomes 27.5 mΩ. The voltage is [35.9 + {35.9 2 − (4 × 5 kW × 27.5 / 100
0)} 1/2 ] /2=31.5V, and the value of the current flowing through each unit battery 1 is 5 kW / 31.5V = 158.5A. At this time, the voltage of the unit battery 1 of the series section 11 is
Since the open circuit voltage is 3.308 V and the internal resistance is 2.56 mΩ, 3.308−0.00256 × 158.5 = 2.90 V, and the unit cell 1 of the parallel group 12 has an open circuit voltage of 3. Since 238V and the internal resistance are 4.65 mΩ, 3.238−0.00465 / 2 × 158.5 = 2.8.
It becomes 7V.
【００３１】ここで、ＳＯＣ：８０％時の直列部１１と
並列群１２との開放電圧差は、
３．９８５−３．５９５＝０．３９Ｖ
となり、ＳＯＣ：２０％時の開放電圧差は、
３．３０８−３．２３８＝０．０７Ｖ
となる。Here, the open circuit voltage difference between the series section 11 and the parallel group 12 when SOC: 80% is 3.985-3.595 = 0.39V, and the open circuit voltage difference when SOC: 20% is: It becomes 3.308-3.238 = 0.07V.
【００３２】また、ＳＯＣ：８０％時の直列部１１と並
列群１２との５ｋＷ出力時電圧差は、
３．７４−３．４７＝０．２７Ｖ
となり、ＳＯＣ：２０％時の５ｋＷ出力時電圧差は、
２．９０−２．８７＝０．０３Ｖ
となる。Further, the voltage difference at the time of 5 kW output between the series section 11 and the parallel group 12 at SOC: 80% is 3.74-3.47 = 0.27 V, and the voltage at 5 kW output at SOC: 20%. The difference is 2.90-2.87 = 0.03V.
【００３３】以上の計算より、ＳＯＣ範囲の全域（ＳＯ
Ｃ：２０％〜ＳＯＣ：８０％）において、開放電圧差よ
り出力電圧差が小さくなる。したがって、直列部１１と
並列群１２とでは、ＳＯＣが低くなるほど出力電圧差が
小さくなるので、出力電圧範囲を開放電圧範囲よりも狭
い範囲とすることができる。From the above calculation, the entire SOC range (SO
C: 20% to SOC: 80%), the output voltage difference becomes smaller than the open circuit voltage difference. Therefore, the output voltage difference between the series portion 11 and the parallel group 12 becomes smaller as the SOC becomes lower, so that the output voltage range can be made narrower than the open circuit voltage range.
【００３４】このようにＳＯＣの変化に応じて開放電圧
値及び出力電圧値が変化する電源装置を使用して、所定
の運転がなされたときにおける出力電力［Ｗ］の時間的
変化を図５、電流値の時間的変化を図６、直列部１１の
ＳＯＣ及び並列群１２のＳＯＣ、直列部１１の動作電
圧、並列群１２の動作電圧、電源装置の動作電圧の時間
的変化を図７に示す。As shown in FIG. 5, the temporal change of the output power [W] when a predetermined operation is performed using the power supply device in which the open circuit voltage value and the output voltage value change according to the change of the SOC as described above, FIG. 6 shows the time change of the current value, and FIG. 7 shows the time change of the SOC of the series unit 11 and the SOC of the parallel group 12, the operating voltage of the series unit 11, the operating voltage of the parallel group 12, and the operating voltage of the power supply device. .
【００３５】電源装置は、図５に示すように、０ｓｅｃ
から運転が開始されたときに、１０ｓｅｃ及び３０ｓｅ
ｃにて要求電力値が低下し、更に５０ｓｅｃにて要求電
力値が上昇すると、これに対応して、図６に示す直列部
１１の各単位電池１に流れる放充電電流が低下又は上昇
し、図７に示す直列部１１の動作電圧、並列群１２の動
作電圧、電源装置の動作電圧が上昇又は下降する。これ
に対し、直列部１１の各単位電池１のＳＯＣ及び並列群
１２の各単位電池１のＳＯＣは、図７に示すように、運
転開始時には８０％であり０ｓｅｃから３０ｓｅｃまで
下降し、３０ｓｅｃ以降では上昇する。ここで、並列群
１２のＳＯＣは、常に直列部１１のＳＯＣの１／２とな
って変化する。The power supply unit, as shown in FIG.
When the operation is started from 10sec and 30se
When the required power value decreases at c and further increases at 50 seconds, the discharge current flowing through each unit battery 1 of the series unit 11 shown in FIG. 6 decreases or rises, correspondingly. The operating voltage of the series unit 11, the operating voltage of the parallel group 12, and the operating voltage of the power supply device shown in FIG. 7 rise or fall. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, the SOC of each unit battery 1 of the serial section 11 and the SOC of each unit battery 1 of the parallel group 12 are 80% at the start of operation, and fall from 0 sec to 30 sec, and after 30 sec. Then rise. Here, the SOC of the parallel group 12 always changes to 1/2 of the SOC of the series unit 11.
【００３６】［実施の形態の効果］以上詳細に説明した
ように、この電源装置によれば、単位電池１を直列接続
した直列部１１と、直列部１１と接続され、少なくとも
２つの単位電池１を並列接続した並列部１３を直列接続
した並列群１２とを備え、並列群１２の接続数を調整し
て所望の出力電圧範囲の電圧を出力するようにしたの
で、単位電池１の動作電圧範囲と直列数によらず、任意
の動作電圧範囲を取ることができ、安価な汎用電池を用
いて所望とする電池電圧を得ることができ、各単位電池
１を所望の充電率範囲内に維持することができる。[Effects of the Embodiment] As described in detail above, according to this power supply device, the series section 11 in which the unit cells 1 are connected in series, and at least two unit cells 1 connected to the series section 11 are connected. And the parallel group 12 in which the parallel units 13 connected in parallel are connected in series, and the number of connections of the parallel group 12 is adjusted to output a voltage in a desired output voltage range. And an arbitrary operating voltage range can be set regardless of the number of series, and a desired battery voltage can be obtained using an inexpensive general-purpose battery, and each unit battery 1 is maintained within a desired charging rate range. be able to.
【００３７】また、電源装置によれば、直列部１１及び
並列群１２で同じ汎用の単位電池１として、出力電圧と
充電率とに相関関係を有する単位電池１を使用したの
で、直列部１１の単位電池１と並列群１２の単位電池１
とで充電率を異なる範囲にして出力電圧の制御をするこ
とができる。Further, according to the power supply device, since the unit battery 1 having the correlation between the output voltage and the charging rate is used as the same general-purpose unit battery 1 in the series section 11 and the parallel group 12, the series section 11 has Unit battery 1 and unit battery 1 of parallel group 12
With, it is possible to control the output voltage by setting the charging rate to different ranges.
【００３８】更に、この電源装置では、各単位電池１と
しては、負極活性物質に非晶質炭素を含むリチウムイオ
ン電池や、正極材料にリチウムマンガン酸化物を用いた
もの、又は正極材料にリチウムニッケル酸化物を用いた
ものを使用したので、各電池が高充電状態におかれるこ
とを防止し、耐久性を向上可能とすることができ、更
に、負荷からの回生電力受け入れ性、放電出力を広い容
量範囲で満足することが可能となる。Furthermore, in this power supply device, each unit battery 1 is a lithium ion battery containing amorphous carbon as a negative electrode active material, a lithium manganese oxide is used as a positive electrode material, or lithium nickel is used as a positive electrode material. Since an oxide is used, it is possible to prevent each battery from being placed in a highly charged state and improve durability, and further, accept regenerative power from a load and wide discharge output. It is possible to satisfy the capacity range.
【００３９】更にまた、この電源装置では、単位電池１
の配列構成をＫ個の単位電池１からなる並列部をＬ個直
列接続し、更にＭ個の単位電池１からなる並列部をＮ個
直列接続した場合に、Ｋ並列部のＳＯＣ範囲を、Ｍ並列
部のＳＯＣ範囲のＫ／Ｍ倍に設定することができ、直列
部１１及び並列群１２の単位電池１の数を調整して、並
列群１２のＳＯＣを制御することができる。Furthermore, in this power supply device, the unit battery 1
When the parallel configuration of K unit batteries 1 is connected in series with L parallel units and the parallel unit of M unit batteries 1 is connected in series with N, the SOC range of the K parallel unit is M It can be set to K / M times the SOC range of the parallel section, and the SOC of the parallel group 12 can be controlled by adjusting the number of the unit batteries 1 of the series section 11 and the parallel group 12.
【００４０】なお、上述の実施の形態は本発明の一例で
ある。このため、本発明は、上述の実施形態に限定され
ることはなく、この実施の形態以外であっても、本発明
に係る技術的思想を逸脱しない範囲であれば、設計等に
応じて種々の変更が可能であることは勿論である。The above-described embodiment is an example of the present invention. For this reason, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and other than this embodiment, as long as it does not deviate from the technical idea of the present invention, various types according to the design etc. Of course, it is possible to change.
【００４１】すなわち、上述した一例では、並列群１２
を２つの単位電池１を並列接続した並列部１３を使用し
た場合について説明したが、これに限らず、３個以上の
単位電池１を並列接続した並列群１２も使用可能である
ことは勿論である。That is, in the above example, the parallel group 12
Although the case where the parallel unit 13 in which two unit batteries 1 are connected in parallel is used has been described, the present invention is not limited to this, and it goes without saying that a parallel group 12 in which three or more unit batteries 1 are connected in parallel can also be used. is there.
【図１】本発明を適用した電源装置の構成を示すブロッ
ク図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a power supply device to which the present invention is applied.
【図２】本発明を適用した電源装置の回路図である。FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a power supply device to which the present invention is applied.
【図３】常用電圧範囲に対する電源装置全体でのＳＯＣ
［％］と出力電圧［Ｖ］との関係を示す図である。[Fig. 3] SOC of the entire power supply device with respect to a common voltage range
It is a figure which shows the relationship between [%] and output voltage [V].
【図４】一直列部のＳＯＣ範囲を８０％〜２０％にし、
並列部のＳＯＣ範囲を４０％〜１０％としたときの電源
装置全体の放電容量［Ｗｈ］と端子電圧［Ｖ］との関
係、直列部１１のＳＯＣ範囲を８０％〜２０％にしたと
きの直列部１１の放電容量［Ｗｈ］とセル電圧［Ｖ］と
の関係、並列部のＳＯＣ範囲を４０％〜１０％としたと
きの並列群１２の放電容量［Ｗｈ］とセル電圧［Ｖ］と
の関係を示す図である。FIG. 4 shows that the SOC range of one series part is set to 80% to 20%,
The relationship between the discharge capacity [Wh] and the terminal voltage [V] of the entire power supply device when the SOC range of the parallel part is 40% to 10%, and the SOC range of the series part 11 is 80% to 20% The relationship between the discharge capacity [Wh] of the series part 11 and the cell voltage [V], and the discharge capacity [Wh] and the cell voltage [V] of the parallel group 12 when the SOC range of the parallel part is 40% to 10%. It is a figure which shows the relationship of.
【図５】所定の運転がなされたときにおける出力電力
［Ｗ］の時間的変化を示す図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a temporal change in output power [W] when a predetermined operation is performed.
【図６】図５に示すように出力電力が変化したときの電
流値の時間的変化を示す図である。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a temporal change of a current value when the output power changes as shown in FIG.
【図７】一直列部のＳＯＣ及び並列部のＳＯＣ、直列部
１１の動作電圧、並列部の動作電圧、電源装置の動作電
圧の時間的変化を示す図である。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing temporal changes in the SOC of one series part and the SOC of the parallel part, the operating voltage of the series part 11, the operating voltage of the parallel part, and the operating voltage of the power supply device.
１ 単位電池 １１ 直列部 １２ 並列群 １３ 並列部 ２１ 接続端子 ３１ 正端子 ３２ 負端子 1 unit battery 11 series section 12 parallel groups 13 Parallel part 21 Connection terminal 31 Positive terminal 32 Negative terminal
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き Ｆターム(参考） 5G003 BA03 BA04 DA15 5H029 AJ12 AJ14 AK03 AL06 BJ06 5H030 AA01 AA09 AS08 BB01 BB21 5H040 AA03 AS04 AY06 DD03 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page F-term (reference) 5G003 BA03 BA04 DA15 5H029 AJ12 AJ14 AK03 AL06 BJ06 5H030 AA01 AA09 AS08 BB01 BB21 5H040 AA03 AS04 AY06 DD03
Claims (7)
た直列接続電池と、 単位電池を少なくとも２つ並列に接続した並列接続電池
と、 前記直列接続電池と前記並列接続電池とを、直列に接続
する接続端子とを備え、 前記直列接続電池と並列接続電池とによって、所定範囲
の出力電圧を維持すると共に、所定範囲の充電率を維持
することを特徴とする電源装置。1. A series connection battery in which at least two unit batteries are connected in series, a parallel connection battery in which at least two unit batteries are connected in parallel, and the series connection battery and the parallel connection battery are connected in series. A power supply device comprising: a connection terminal for connecting a battery, and a battery connected in series and a battery connected in parallel to maintain an output voltage in a predetermined range and a charge rate in a predetermined range.
関関係を有する電池であることを特徴とする請求項１記
載の電源装置。2. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the unit battery is a battery having a correlation between an output voltage and a charging rate.
において、 前記直列接続電池を構成する単位電池と、前記並列接続
電池を構成する単位電池とは、前記充電率が異なること
を特徴とする電源装置。3. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the unit batteries forming the series-connected batteries and the unit batteries forming the parallel-connected batteries have different charging rates. And power supply.
電源装置において、 前記並列接続電池が、前記単位電池をＫ個並列に接続さ
れると共に、このＫ個並列がＬ個直列に接続された第１
並列接続電池部と、前記単位電池がＭ個並列に接続され
ると共に、このＭ個並列がＮ個直列に接続された第２並
列接続電池部から構成され、且つ前記第１並列接続電池
部と第２並列接続電池部とが直列に接続されている場合
には、第１並列接続電池部の充電率範囲を、第２並列接
続電池部の充電率範囲のＫ／Ｍ倍にしたことを特徴とす
る電源装置。4. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the parallel-connected batteries are K units of the unit batteries connected in parallel, and the K-units of parallel are L in series. First connected
A parallel-connected battery unit and a second parallel-connected battery unit in which the M unit batteries are connected in parallel and the M parallel units are connected in N units; and the first parallel-connected battery unit. When the second parallel-connected battery unit is connected in series, the charging rate range of the first parallel-connected battery unit is set to K / M times the charging rate range of the second parallel-connected battery unit. And power supply.
電源装置において、 前記単位電池は、負極活性物質に非晶質炭素を含むリチ
ウムイオン電池であることを特徴とする電源装置。5. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the unit battery is a lithium ion battery containing amorphous carbon as a negative electrode active material.
電源装置において、 前記単位電池は、正極材料にリチウムマンガン酸化物を
用いたことを特徴とする電源装置。6. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the unit battery uses lithium manganese oxide as a positive electrode material.
電源装置において、 前記単位電池は、正極材料にリチウムニッケル酸化物を
用いたことを特徴とする電源装置。7. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the unit battery uses lithium nickel oxide as a positive electrode material.
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002076518A JP2003284251A (en) | 2002-03-19 | 2002-03-19 | Power supply device |
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|---|---|
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| US9029022B2 (en) | 2005-10-20 | 2015-05-12 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Lithium secondary batteries and nonaqueous electrolyte for use in the same |
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2002
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| JP2007165294A (en) * | 2005-11-16 | 2007-06-28 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | Nonaqueous electrolyte solution for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery using it |
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| KR101325354B1 (en) | 2010-02-24 | 2013-11-08 | 파나소닉 주식회사 | Battery pack |
| US9077015B2 (en) | 2010-02-24 | 2015-07-07 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Battery pack |
| CN102473871B (en) * | 2010-02-24 | 2015-11-25 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Battery pack |
| US9444083B2 (en) | 2010-02-24 | 2016-09-13 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Battery pack |
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