JP2003253359A - Free-cutting copper alloy - Google Patents
Free-cutting copper alloyInfo
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- JP2003253359A JP2003253359A JP2002055008A JP2002055008A JP2003253359A JP 2003253359 A JP2003253359 A JP 2003253359A JP 2002055008 A JP2002055008 A JP 2002055008A JP 2002055008 A JP2002055008 A JP 2002055008A JP 2003253359 A JP2003253359 A JP 2003253359A
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- mass
- alloy material
- copper alloy
- free
- intermetallic compound
- Prior art date
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、切削性に優れた快
削性銅合金に関するものである。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a free-cutting copper alloy having excellent machinability.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】切削性に優れた銅合金としては、一般
に、ＪＩＳ Ｈ５１１１ ＣＡＣ４０６等の青銅系合金
やＪＩＳ Ｈ３２５０−Ｃ３６０４，Ｃ３７７１等の黄
銅系合金が知られている。これらはチップブレーカとし
て機能する鉛を含有させることによって切削性を向上さ
せたものであり、従来からも、切削加工を必要とする各
種製品（例えば、上水道用配管の水栓金具，給排水金
具，バルブ等）の構成材として重宝されている。2. Description of the Related Art Generally, bronze-based alloys such as JIS H5111 CAC406 and brass-based alloys such as JIS H3250-C3604 and C3771 are known as copper alloys having excellent machinability. These have improved machinability by containing lead, which functions as a chip breaker. Conventionally, various products that require cutting work (for example, faucet fittings for water supply pipes, water supply / drainage fittings, valves, etc.). Etc.) is useful as a constituent material.
【０００３】ところで、鉛はマトリックスに固溶せず、
粒状をなして分散し、切削加工熱で溶融して切削屑を細
かく分断（剪断）させるチップブレーカとして機能する
ことによって、銅合金材の切削性を向上させるものであ
る。而して、このようなチップブレーカとしての機能が
発揮され工業的に満足しうる切削性を確保するために
は、鉛を相当量以上（２．０質量％以上）に含有させて
おく必要があり、鉛を含有しないか、含有してもその含
有量が僅かである場合には、切削屑が螺旋状に連なった
状態（連続カール状）で生成してバイトに絡み付く等の
種々のトラブルを生じる。このため、一般に、高度の切
削加工が要求される銅合金展伸材においては約３．０質
量％以上の鉛が含有されており、青銅系の鋳物において
は約５質量％の鉛が含有されている。例えば、上記した
ＪＩＳ Ｈ５１１１ ＣＡＣ４０６では鉛含有量が約
５．０質量％である。By the way, lead does not form a solid solution in the matrix,
By functioning as a chip breaker that is dispersed in the form of particles and melted by the heat of cutting to finely divide (shear) cutting chips, the machinability of the copper alloy material is improved. Therefore, in order to exhibit the function as such a chip breaker and ensure the machinability that is industrially satisfactory, it is necessary to contain lead in a considerable amount or more (2.0 mass% or more). If lead is not contained or if the content is small even if lead is contained, various troubles such as cutting scraps being generated in a spirally continuous state (continuous curl shape) and entangled with the cutting tool may occur. Occurs. Therefore, generally, about 3.0% by mass or more of lead is contained in the wrought copper alloy material which requires high-level cutting, and about 5% by mass of lead is contained in the bronze-based casting. ing. For example, in the above-mentioned JIS H5111 CAC406, the lead content is about 5.0 mass%.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、鉛は人体や環
境に悪影響を及ぼす有害物質であるところから、近時に
おいては、その用途が大幅に制限される傾向にある。例
えば、合金の溶解，鋳造等の高温作業時に発生する金属
蒸気には鉛成分が含まれることになり、或いは飲料水等
との接触により水栓金具や弁等から鉛成分が溶出する虞
れがあり、人体や環境衛生上問題がある。そこで、近
時、米国等の先進国においては銅合金における鉛含有量
を大幅に制限する傾向にあり、わが国においても鉛含有
量を可及的に低減した快削性銅合金材の開発が強く要請
されている。However, since lead is a harmful substance that adversely affects the human body and the environment, its use tends to be greatly restricted in recent years. For example, lead vapor may be contained in metal vapor generated during high temperature work such as melting and casting of alloys, or lead vapor may be eluted from faucets, valves, etc. by contact with drinking water or the like. Yes, there is a problem with the human body and environmental hygiene. Therefore, recently, in advanced countries such as the United States, there is a tendency to greatly limit the lead content in copper alloys, and in Japan as well, the development of free-cutting copper alloy materials that reduce the lead content as much as possible is strongly desired. Has been requested.
【０００５】本発明は、かかる世界的な傾向及び要請に
応えるべくなされたもので、鉛含有による人体や環境へ
の悪影響を排除しつつ、工業的に充分満足しうる切削性
を確保しうる快削性銅合金材を提供することを目的とす
るものである。The present invention has been made in response to such global trends and demands, and is capable of ensuring industrially satisfactory machinability while eliminating adverse effects of lead on the human body and the environment. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a machinable copper alloy material.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上記の目的を
達成すべく、５７〜７０質量％の銅と０．４〜１．５質
量％の珪素と０．４〜１．５質量％のマグネシウム及び
０．５〜３．０質量％のマンガンの少なくとも一方とを
含有し、且つ残部が亜鉛からなる合金組成をなす銅合金
材であって、α単相、α＋β相又はβ単相をなすマトリ
ックス中に金属間化合物が分散状に析出又は晶出された
金属組織をなすことを特徴とする快削性銅合金材を提案
する。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides 57 to 70% by mass of copper, 0.4 to 1.5% by mass of silicon and 0.4 to 1.5% by mass. Which is a copper alloy material containing at least one of magnesium and 0.5 to 3.0 mass% of manganese, and the balance being zinc, wherein the α single phase, α + β phase or β single phase We propose a free-cutting copper alloy material characterized by having a metallic structure in which intermetallic compounds are dispersed or precipitated in an eggplant matrix.
【０００７】かかる快削性銅合金材にあっては、前記金
属間化合物が、結晶粒界に析出又は晶出されていること
が好ましい。また、この金属間化合物には、等価円直径
が２μm以上の粗大化合物が含まれていることが好まし
く、更に、この粗大化合物の含有量は、全金属間化合物
に対する面積比率（以下「粗大化合物含有率」という）
において４０〜９０％であることが好ましい。また、合
金組成は、必要に応じて、０．５〜３．０質量％のニッ
ケル及び／又は０．１〜１．０質量％の鉛を含有するも
のとしておくことが好ましい。In such a free-cutting copper alloy material, it is preferable that the intermetallic compound is precipitated or crystallized at a grain boundary. The intermetallic compound preferably contains a coarse compound having an equivalent circular diameter of 2 μm or more. Further, the content of the coarse compound is an area ratio with respect to all intermetallic compounds (hereinafter referred to as “coarse compound content”). Called "rate")
Is preferably 40 to 90%. Further, the alloy composition preferably contains 0.5 to 3.0% by mass of nickel and / or 0.1 to 1.0% by mass of lead, if necessary.
【０００８】而して、鉛は、前述した如く、マトリック
スに固溶せず、粒状をなして分散することによって、切
削性を向上させるチップブレーカ機能を発揮するもので
あるが、このような溶融物（鉛）が存在しない場合に
も、硬質の金属間化合物が分散していることによりチッ
プブレーカ機能が発揮され、切削性が向上する。すなわ
ち、硬質の金属間化合物が分散されていることにより切
削屑の破断が容易となり、その結果、切削加工において
切削屑が細かく分断されることになり、切削性が向上す
るのである。また、チップブレーカ機能がより効果的に
発揮され切削性の大幅な向上を図るためには、金属間化
合物の少なくとも一部が結晶粒界に晶出又は析出してい
ることが好ましく、等価円直径が２μm以上の金属間化
合物（粗大化合物）が含まれていることが好ましい。し
かし、粗大化合物含有率が４０％未満である場合には、
粗大化合物の存在による切削性の向上が期待できない
し、粗大化合物含有率が９０％を超える場合には、金属
間化合物の存在が却って銅合金材の加工性，強度等に悪
影響を及ぼすことになる。As described above, lead does not form a solid solution in the matrix but disperses in the form of particles to exert the chip breaker function of improving the machinability. Even when no substance (lead) is present, the hard intermetallic compound is dispersed to exert the chip breaker function and improve the machinability. That is, since the hard intermetallic compound is dispersed, breakage of the cutting chips is facilitated, and as a result, the cutting chips are finely divided in the cutting process, and the machinability is improved. Further, in order to exhibit the chip breaker function more effectively and to significantly improve the machinability, it is preferable that at least a part of the intermetallic compound is crystallized or precipitated at the grain boundary, and the equivalent circle diameter is Preferably contains an intermetallic compound (coarse compound) having a particle size of 2 μm or more. However, if the coarse compound content is less than 40%,
Machinability cannot be expected to improve due to the presence of coarse compounds, and if the coarse compound content exceeds 90%, the presence of intermetallic compounds will adversely affect the workability and strength of the copper alloy material. .
【０００９】ところで、銅合金本来の特性（加工性等）
を損なうことなく、上記した金属間化合物の分散により
切削性を効果的に向上させるためには、マトリックスが
均質なα単相、α＋β相又はβ単相（α単相であること
が最適である）をなしていることが必要であるが、かか
る均質化されたマトリックス中に上記した条件で金属間
化合物を分散させておくには、合金組成を上記した如く
設定しておくことが必要条件となるが、かかる合金組成
は必要十分条件でなく、本発明の銅合金材は、上記した
合金組成をなすものについて次のような熱処理による組
織コントロールを行うことによってのみ得ることができ
る。By the way, the original characteristics of copper alloys (workability, etc.)
In order to effectively improve the machinability by dispersing the above-mentioned intermetallic compound without deteriorating the above, it is optimal that the matrix is a homogeneous α single phase, α + β phase or β single phase (α single phase). ) Is required, but in order to disperse the intermetallic compound in such a homogenized matrix under the above conditions, it is necessary to set the alloy composition as described above. However, such an alloy composition is not a necessary and sufficient condition, and the copper alloy material of the present invention can be obtained only by subjecting the above alloy composition to the structure control by the following heat treatment.
【００１０】すなわち、上記した合金組成をなす素材
（鋳塊又はその熱間，冷間加工材（鍛造材，押出材
等））を、５５０〜７５０℃，１時間以上の条件で、加
熱処理（以下「一次熱処理」という）することにより、
その金属組織をα単相、α＋β相又はβ単相に均質化す
ると共に、このマトリックス中に金属間化合物（例え
ば、Ｍｎ5Ｓｉ3，Ｎｉ2Ｓｉ，Ｃｕ5Ｍｇ2Ｓｉ等の晶
出，析出物）を分散させ、更に必要に応じて２５０〜５
００℃，３０分以上の条件で加熱処理（以下「二次熱処
理」という）することにより、晶出又は析出した金属間
化合物を微細化して均一に分散させて、上記した金属組
織が得られるように組織コントロールを行うのである。
このような組織コントールにおいて、一次熱処理は、通
常、素材が熱間加工されたものである場合にも、熱間加
工後に改めて行われるが、熱間加工の条件によっては、
当該熱間加工によって代替され、格別に行う必要がない
場合もありうる。また、二次熱処理については、必要に
応じて行われるものであり、加熱炉を使用して冷却後の
一次熱処理材を上記条件で加熱することにより行う他、
一次熱処理材を一次熱処理炉内で徐冷（炉冷）すること
又は一次熱処理材を一次熱処理炉から取り出して徐冷
（空冷）することによって行うことができる。That is, a material having the above-mentioned alloy composition (ingot or its hot, cold-worked material (forged material, extruded material, etc.)) is heat-treated at 550 to 750 ° C. for 1 hour or more ( Hereinafter, referred to as "primary heat treatment",
The metal structure is homogenized into an α single phase, an α + β phase or a β single phase, and an intermetallic compound (for example, Mn 5 Si 3 , Ni 2 Si, Cu 5 Mg 2 Si, etc. is crystallized and precipitated in this matrix. Object) and further, if necessary, 250 to 5
By performing heat treatment (hereinafter referred to as “secondary heat treatment”) under the condition of 00 ° C. for 30 minutes or more, the crystallized or precipitated intermetallic compound is finely dispersed and uniformly dispersed, so that the above metal structure can be obtained. Organizational control is carried out.
In such a structure control, the primary heat treatment is usually performed again after the hot working even when the material is hot worked, but depending on the conditions of the hot working,
It may be replaced by the hot working, and it may not be necessary to perform special processing. Further, the secondary heat treatment is performed as necessary, and is performed by heating the primary heat-treated material after cooling using a heating furnace under the above conditions,
This can be performed by gradually cooling the primary heat treatment material in the primary heat treatment furnace (furnace cooling) or by taking the primary heat treatment material out of the primary heat treatment furnace and gradually cooling it (air cooling).
【００１１】かかる組織コントールを行うことにより、
金属間化合物が上記した条件（粗大化合物含有率が４０
〜９０％である条件）で分散された金属組織を得ること
ができるが、銅合金本来の特性（加工性等）を損なうこ
となく切削性に優れた金属組織にコントロールされた快
削性銅合金材を得るためには、構成元素及びその含有量
を上記した如く設定としておくことが必要である。By performing such tissue control,
The intermetallic compound has the above-mentioned conditions (coarse compound content is 40
It is possible to obtain a dispersed metallographic structure under the condition of ~ 90%), but a free-cutting copper alloy controlled to a metallographic structure excellent in machinability without impairing the original properties (workability etc.) of the copper alloy In order to obtain a material, it is necessary to set the constituent elements and their contents as described above.
【００１２】すなわち、銅含有量は５７〜７０質量％と
されるが、これは５７質量％未満では加工性が低下し、
７０質量％を超えると、素地が弱くなり、切削性が低下
するからである。特に、銅含有量は、α単相又はα＋β
相になり易い６２質量％以上（７０質量％以下）として
おくことが好ましい。また、珪素はマグネシウム，マン
ガン（又はニッケル）と反応して金属間化合物を生成す
るが、０．４質量％未満の添加では金属間化合物の生成
が十分でなく、１．５質量％を超えて添加すると、硬度
が必要以上に高くなって加工性が低下する。また、マグ
ネシウムは、０．４質量％未満の添加では金属間化合物
の生成が十分でなく、１．５質量％を超えて添加する
と、鋳造性が低下する。また、マンガンは、マグネシウ
ムと同様に、珪素と結合して金属間化合物を生成するも
のであり、特に、マグネシウムと共添することにより結
晶粒の成長を阻止して切削性を更に向上させるものであ
るが、０．５質量％未満の添加では、かかる機能を発揮
し難く、金属間化合物の生成も十分でない。一方、３．
０質量％を超えて添加しても、かかる機能，効果が飽和
状態となり、添加量に見合う効果が得られない。ニッケ
ルは、マグネシウム，マンガンと同様に、珪素と金属間
化合物を生成するものであり、マグネシウム又はマンガ
ンの代替元素として必要に応じて添加される。しかし、
０．１質量％未満の添加では、かかる代替元素として機
能せず、３．０質量％を超えて添加しても、効果が飽和
状態となる。鉛は前述した如く有害物質であるが、含有
量が１．０質量％以下であれば、人体や環境に対する悪
影響はないと考えられる。一方、鉛含有量が微量（１．
０質量％以下）である場合、一般には、チップブレーカ
としての機能は十分でない。しかし、上記した金属間化
合物の存在下においては、鉛添加量が微量であっても、
０．１〜１．０質量％の鉛を添加することによって、切
削性の更なる向上が期待される。That is, the copper content is 57 to 70% by mass, but if it is less than 57% by mass, the workability is deteriorated,
This is because if it exceeds 70 mass%, the base material becomes weak and the machinability deteriorates. In particular, the copper content is α single phase or α + β
It is preferably set to 62% by mass or more (70% by mass or less), which easily forms a phase. Further, silicon reacts with magnesium and manganese (or nickel) to form an intermetallic compound. However, addition of less than 0.4% by mass is not sufficient to generate an intermetallic compound, and more than 1.5% by mass. When added, the hardness becomes unnecessarily high and the workability deteriorates. If magnesium is added in an amount of less than 0.4% by mass, the formation of intermetallic compounds is not sufficient, and if it is added in an amount of more than 1.5% by mass, the castability is deteriorated. Like manganese, manganese binds to silicon to form an intermetallic compound, and in particular, co-adding with magnesium prevents growth of crystal grains and further improves machinability. However, if it is added in an amount of less than 0.5% by mass, it is difficult to exert such a function, and the formation of intermetallic compounds is not sufficient. On the other hand, 3.
Even if added in an amount of more than 0% by mass, such functions and effects will be saturated, and the effect corresponding to the added amount cannot be obtained. Nickel, like magnesium and manganese, forms an intermetallic compound with silicon, and is added as an alternative element to magnesium or manganese as necessary. But,
If it is added in an amount of less than 0.1% by mass, it will not function as such an alternative element, and if it is added in an amount of more than 3.0% by mass, the effect will be saturated. Lead is a harmful substance as described above, but if the content is 1.0 mass% or less, it is considered that there is no adverse effect on the human body or the environment. On the other hand, the lead content is very small (1.
If it is 0% by mass or less), the function as a chip breaker is generally insufficient. However, in the presence of the above-mentioned intermetallic compound, even if the amount of lead added is very small,
Further improvement in machinability is expected by adding 0.1 to 1.0 mass% of lead.
【００１３】[0013]
【実施例】実施例として、表１に示す合金組成の鋳塊
（ビレット）を、その頭部を切除した上で、外径１５ｍ
ｍの丸棒状に熱間押出し、その押出材に一次熱処理及び
二次処理を施すことによって、表１に示す粗大化合物含
有率の金属間化合物がマトリックスに分散した金属組織
に組織コントロールして、本発明に係る合金材Ｎｏ．１
〜１０を得た。なお、各合金材Ｎｏ．１〜１０について
は、組織コントールを次のような一次熱処理及び二次熱
処理により行った。すなわち、合金材Ｎｏ．１について
は、７００℃，２時間の一次熱処理を行い、炉冷後に３
００℃，５時間の二次熱処理を行った。合金材Ｎｏ．２
については、６００℃，３時間の一次熱処理を行い、炉
冷後に３００℃，５時間の二次熱処理を行った。合金材
Ｎｏ．３については、７００℃，２時間の一次熱処理を
行った上、一次熱処理材を炉外に取り出して徐冷（空
冷）した。合金材Ｎｏ．４については、７００℃，２時
間の一次熱処理を行った上、そのまま徐冷（炉冷）し
た。合金材Ｎｏ．５については、７００℃，２時間の一
次熱処理を行い、一次処理材を炉外に取り出して空冷し
た上、５００℃，５時間の二次熱処理を行った。合金材
Ｎｏ．６については、７００℃，２時間の一次熱処理を
行い、一次処理材を炉外に取り出して空冷した上、５０
０℃，３時間の二次熱処理を行った。合金材Ｎｏ．７に
ついては、７００℃，２時間の一次熱処理を行い、一次
処理材を炉冷した上、４００℃，２時間の二次熱処理を
行った。合金材Ｎｏ．８については、７００℃，２時間
の一次熱処理を行い、一次処理材を炉外に取り出して水
冷した上、４００℃，２時間の二次熱処理を行った。合
金材Ｎｏ．９については、７００℃，２時間の一次熱処
理を行い、一次処理材を炉外に取り出して水冷した上、
３００℃，５時間の二次熱処理を行った。合金材Ｎｏ．
１０については、７００℃，２時間の一次熱処理を行
い、一次処理材を炉外に取り出して徐冷（空冷）した。
各合金材Ｎｏ．１〜Ｎｏ．１０における粗大化合物含有
率は表１に示す通りであった。EXAMPLE As an example, an ingot (billet) having an alloy composition shown in Table 1 was cut off at its head, and the outer diameter was 15 m.
m is extruded into a round bar shape, and the extruded material is subjected to primary heat treatment and secondary treatment to control the structure of the metal structure in which the intermetallic compound having the coarse compound content shown in Table 1 is dispersed in the matrix, Alloy material No. according to the invention. 1
Got 10. In addition, each alloy material No. Regarding 1 to 10, the tissue control was performed by the following primary heat treatment and secondary heat treatment. That is, the alloy material No. For No. 1, the primary heat treatment was performed at 700 ° C for 2 hours, and after the furnace was cooled, 3
Secondary heat treatment was performed at 00 ° C. for 5 hours. Alloy material No. Two
For the above, the primary heat treatment was performed at 600 ° C. for 3 hours, and the secondary heat treatment was performed at 300 ° C. for 5 hours after cooling the furnace. Alloy material No. Regarding No. 3, after performing the primary heat treatment at 700 ° C. for 2 hours, the primary heat treatment material was taken out of the furnace and gradually cooled (air cooling). Alloy material No. Regarding No. 4, after the primary heat treatment at 700 ° C. for 2 hours, it was gradually cooled (furnace cooling). Alloy material No. Regarding No. 5, the primary heat treatment was performed at 700 ° C. for 2 hours, the primary treatment material was taken out of the furnace, air-cooled, and then the secondary heat treatment was performed at 500 ° C. for 5 hours. Alloy material No. For No. 6, the primary heat treatment was performed at 700 ° C. for 2 hours, the primary treatment material was taken out of the furnace and air-cooled, and then 50
Secondary heat treatment was performed at 0 ° C. for 3 hours. Alloy material No. For No. 7, the primary heat treatment was performed at 700 ° C. for 2 hours, the primary treatment material was cooled in the furnace, and then the secondary heat treatment was performed at 400 ° C. for 2 hours. Alloy material No. For No. 8, the primary heat treatment was performed at 700 ° C. for 2 hours, the primary treatment material was taken out of the furnace, water-cooled, and then the secondary heat treatment was performed at 400 ° C. for 2 hours. Alloy material No. For No. 9, the primary heat treatment was performed at 700 ° C. for 2 hours, the primary treatment material was taken out of the furnace, water-cooled, and
Secondary heat treatment was performed at 300 ° C. for 5 hours. Alloy material No.
For No. 10, the primary heat treatment was performed at 700 ° C. for 2 hours, and the primary treatment material was taken out of the furnace and gradually cooled (air cooling).
Each alloy material No. 1-No. The coarse compound content in 10 was as shown in Table 1.
【００１４】また、比較例として、実施例と同様に、表
２に示す合金組成の鋳塊（ビレット）を、その頭部を切
除した上で、外径１５ｍｍの丸棒状に熱間押出して、合
金材Ｎｏ．１１〜１４を得た。すなわち、合金材Ｎｏ．
１１は、押出材を５００℃，３時間で熱処理した上で炉
冷したものであり、合金材Ｎｏ．１２は熱処理をしない
押出材であり、合金材Ｎｏ．１３は、押出材を７００
℃，３時間で熱処理を行い、炉冷後、更に４００℃，５
時間で熱処理を行ったものであり、また合金材Ｎｏ．１
４は、押出材を７００℃，３時間で熱処理を行い、炉冷
後、更に４００℃，６時間で熱処理を行ったものであ
る。各合金材Ｎｏ．１１〜Ｎｏ．１４における粗大化合
物含有率は表２に示す通りであった。As a comparative example, similarly to the example, an ingot (billet) having an alloy composition shown in Table 2 was cut off at its head and then hot extruded into a round bar shape having an outer diameter of 15 mm. Alloy material No. 11 to 14 were obtained. That is, the alloy material No.
In No. 11, the extruded material was heat-treated at 500 ° C. for 3 hours and then cooled in the furnace. No. 12 is an extruded material that is not heat-treated, and alloy material No. 12 13 is 700 extruded material
Heat treatment at ℃ for 3 hours, cool it down to 400 ℃ for 5 hours.
The alloy material No. 1
In No. 4, the extruded material was heat-treated at 700 ° C. for 3 hours, cooled in the furnace, and further heat-treated at 400 ° C. for 6 hours. Each alloy material No. 11-No. The coarse compound content in 14 was as shown in Table 2.
【００１５】そして、実施例合金材Ｎｏ．１〜１０及び
比較例合金材Ｎｏ．１１〜１４を、旋盤を使用して、切
削油：なし，刃物：ＳＫＨ４鋼合金製，上すくい角：０
°，横すくい角：０°，前逃げ角：０°，横逃げ角：６
°，前切り刃角：１５°，横切り刃角：０°，ノーズ半
径：０ｍｍ，回転数：２１００ｒｐｍ，送り：０．０５
ｍｍ／ｒｅｖ，切り込み：０．５ｍｍの条件で切削し、
その切削屑の形態により切削性を確認した。その結果
は、表１及び表２に示す通りであった。Then, the alloy material No. 1 to 10 and Comparative Example Alloy Material No. 11 to 14 using a lathe, cutting oil: none, blade: made of SKH4 steel alloy, upper rake angle: 0
°, side rake angle: 0 °, front clearance angle: 0 °, side clearance angle: 6
°, front cutting edge angle: 15 °, side cutting edge angle: 0 °, nose radius: 0 mm, rotation speed: 2100 rpm, feed: 0.05
mm / rev, depth of cut: cut under the condition of 0.5 mm,
The machinability was confirmed by the form of the cutting waste. The results were as shown in Tables 1 and 2.
【００１６】表１に示す如く、粗大化合物含有率が本発
明で特定する範囲（４０〜９０％）内となっている実施
例合金材Ｎｏ．１〜１０については、何れも、切削屑が
５巻き以内で分断されており、切削性に優れることが確
認された。一方、合金組成又は粗大化合物含有率の少な
くとも一方が本発明で特定する範囲から逸脱している比
較例合金材Ｎｏ．１１〜１４については、表２に示す如
く、何れも切削屑が連続カール状をなしており、切削性
の改善は認められず、鉛を含有する従来の快削性銅合金
に比して切削性が著しく劣るものであることが明らかで
ある。したがって、鉛を含有していない（合金材Ｎｏ．
１〜９）か、人体や環境に悪影響を与えない程度の極く
微量の鉛が含有されているに過ぎない（合金材Ｎｏ．１
０）場合にも、本発明で特定する合金組成をなすものを
本発明で特定する金属組織に組織コントロールしておく
ことにより、切削性が大幅に向上することが理解され
る。As shown in Table 1, the alloy material Nos. Of Examples having the coarse compound content within the range (40 to 90%) specified in the present invention. In all of 1 to 10, the cutting waste was divided within 5 turns, and it was confirmed that the machinability was excellent. On the other hand, Comparative Alloy Material No. 1 in which at least one of the alloy composition and the coarse compound content deviates from the range specified in the present invention. Regarding Nos. 11 to 14, as shown in Table 2, cutting debris was in a continuous curl shape, no improvement in machinability was observed, and cutting was superior to conventional free-cutting copper alloys containing lead. It is clear that the sex is extremely inferior. Therefore, it does not contain lead (alloy material No.
1 to 9) or a very small amount of lead that does not adversely affect the human body or the environment (alloy material No. 1)
Also in the case of 0), it is understood that the machinability is significantly improved by controlling the structure of the alloy composition specified in the present invention to the metal structure specified in the present invention.
【００１７】[0017]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１８】[0018]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００１９】[0019]
【発明の効果】以上の説明から容易に理解されるよう
に、本発明の快削性銅合金は、切削性改善元素である鉛
を含有しないか、含有しても人体や環境に悪影響を及ぼ
さない極く微量（０．１〜１．０質量％）であるにも拘
わらず、極めて切削性に富むものであり、鉛を大量に含
有する従来の快削性銅合金の代替材料として安全に使用
できるものであり、切削屑の再利用等を含めて環境衛生
上の問題が全くなく、鉛含有製品が規制されつつある近
時の傾向に充分対応することができる。As can be easily understood from the above description, the free-cutting copper alloy of the present invention does not contain lead which is a machinability improving element, or even if it contains lead, it has a bad effect on human body and environment. Despite its extremely small amount (0.1-1.0 mass%), it is extremely machinable and can be safely used as a substitute material for conventional free-cutting copper alloys containing a large amount of lead. It can be used, has no environmental hygiene problems including the reuse of cutting chips, and can sufficiently cope with the recent tendency that lead-containing products are being regulated.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (71)出願人 502074493 京都ブラス株式会社 京都府城陽市字長池小字五社ケ谷10 (71)出願人 502073843 新日本ブラス株式会社 千葉県旭市鎌数5844−３ (71)出願人 390002381 株式会社キッツ 千葉県千葉市美浜区中瀬１丁目10番１ (71)出願人 502074471 大木伸銅工業株式会社 東京都板橋区徳丸２−６−１ (71)出願人 500167630 新日東金属株式会社 東京都千代田区岩本町１丁目11番２号 (71)出願人 592089065 株式会社紀長伸銅所 東京都江東区白河２丁目22番26号 (71)出願人 591270590 日立アロイ株式会社 東京都千代田区内神田３−11−７ (71)出願人 594155300 三谷伸銅株式会社 京都府京都市南区上鳥羽大柳町１番地１ (71)出願人 596092470 権田金属工業株式会社 神奈川県相模原市宮下１丁目１番16号 (72)発明者 村上 陽太郎 京都府京都市左京区岩倉花園町239−11 (72)発明者 小林 武 大阪府吹田市山手町３−３−35 関西大学 内 (72)発明者 中尾 和祺 大阪府吹田市山手町３−３−35 関西大学 内 (72)発明者 丸山 徹 大阪府吹田市山手町３−３−35 関西大学 内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page (71) Applicant 502074493 Kyoto Brass Co., Ltd. Kyoto Prefecture Joyo City Nagaike Small Character Goshagaya 10 (71) Applicant 502073843 Shin Nippon Brass Co., Ltd. 5844-3 Sakama, Asahi City, Chiba Prefecture (71) Applicant 390002381 KITZ CORPORATION 1-10-1 Nakase, Mihama-ku, Chiba City, Chiba Prefecture (71) Applicant 502074471 Oki Shindoh Industry Co., Ltd. 2-6-1 Tokumaru, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo (71) Applicant 500167630 Shin-Nitto Metal Co., Ltd. 1-12-1 Iwamotocho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo (71) Applicant 592089065 Kinaga Copper Works Co., Ltd. 2-22-26 Shirakawa, Koto-ku, Tokyo (71) Applicant 591270590 Hitachi Alloy Co., Ltd. 3-11-7 Uchikanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo (71) Applicant 594155300 Mitani Shindoh Co., Ltd. 1-1 Oyanagicho, Kamitoba, Minami-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto Prefecture (71) Applicant 596092470 Gonda Metal Industry Co., Ltd. 1-1-16 Miyashita, Sagamihara City, Kanagawa Prefecture (72) Inventor Yotaro Murakami 239-11 Iwakura Hanazonocho, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture (72) Inventor Takeshi Kobayashi 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita City, Osaka Prefecture Kansai University Within (72) Inventor Nakao Kazune 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita City, Osaka Prefecture Kansai University Within (72) Inventor Toru Maruyama 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita City, Osaka Prefecture Kansai University Within
Claims (7)
質量％の珪素と０．４〜１．５質量％のマグネシウム及
び０．５〜３．０質量％のマンガンの少なくとも一方と
を含有し、且つ残部が亜鉛からなる合金組成をなす銅合
金材であって、α単相をなすマトリックス中に金属間化
合物が分散状に析出又は晶出された金属組織をなすこと
を特徴とする快削性銅合金材。1. 57 to 70% by mass of copper and 0.4 to 1.5
A copper alloy material containing an amount of silicon, 0.4 to 1.5% by weight of magnesium, and at least one of 0.5 to 3.0% by weight of manganese, and the balance being zinc. A free-cutting copper alloy material having a metal structure in which intermetallic compounds are dispersed or precipitated in a matrix having an α single phase.
質量％の珪素と０．４〜１．５質量％のマグネシウム及
び０．５〜３．０質量％のマンガンの少なくとも一方と
を含有し、且つ残部が亜鉛からなる合金組成をなす銅合
金材であって、α＋β相又はβ単相をなすマトリックス
中に金属間化合物が分散状に析出又は晶出された金属組
織をなすことを特徴とする快削性銅合金材。2. 57 to 70% by mass of copper and 0.4 to 1.5
A copper alloy material containing an amount of silicon, 0.4 to 1.5% by weight of magnesium, and at least one of 0.5 to 3.0% by weight of manganese, and the balance being zinc. A free-cutting copper alloy material having a metallographic structure in which an intermetallic compound is dispersed or precipitated in a matrix having an α + β phase or a β single phase.
結晶粒界に析出又は晶出されていることを特徴とする、
請求項１又は請求項２に記載する快削性銅合金材。3. At least a part of the intermetallic compound,
Characterized in that it is precipitated or crystallized in the grain boundaries,
The free-cutting copper alloy material according to claim 1 or 2.
μm以上の粗大化合物が含まれていることを特徴とす
る、請求項１、請求項２又は請求項３に記載する快削性
銅合金材。4. The equivalent circular diameter of the intermetallic compound is 2
The free-cutting copper alloy material according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein a coarse compound having a size of μm or more is contained.
合物に対する面積比率において４０〜９０％であること
を特徴とする、請求項１、請求項２、請求項３又は請求
項４に記載する快削性銅合金材。5. The content of the coarse compound is 40 to 90% in terms of an area ratio with respect to all intermetallic compounds, according to claim 1, claim 2, claim 3 or claim 4. Free-cutting copper alloy material.
含有する合金組成をなすものであることを特徴とする、
請求項１、請求項２、請求項３、請求項４又は請求項５
に記載する快削性銅合金材。6. An alloy composition further containing 0.5 to 3.0% by mass of nickel,
Claim 1, Claim 2, Claim 3, Claim 4 or Claim 5
Free-cutting copper alloy material described in.
る合金組成をなすものであることを特徴とする、請求項
１、請求項２、請求項３、請求項４、請求項５又は請求
項６に記載する快削性銅合金材。7. An alloy composition further containing 0.1 to 1.0 mass% of lead, wherein the alloy composition is claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, or claim 5. The free-cutting copper alloy material according to claim 5 or claim 6.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012062563A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2012-03-29 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Cu-zn series copper alloy sheet material and manufacturing method of the same |
| JP2014531516A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-11-27 | プンサン コーポレイション | Free-cutting lead-free copper alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN109321780A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-12 | 薛中有 | A kind of brass alloys of high elastic modulus and preparation method thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110952019B (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2021-09-14 | 宁波博威合金材料股份有限公司 | Free-cutting zinc white copper and preparation method and application thereof |
-
2002
- 2002-02-28 JP JP2002055008A patent/JP3801518B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012062563A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2012-03-29 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Cu-zn series copper alloy sheet material and manufacturing method of the same |
| JP2014531516A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-11-27 | プンサン コーポレイション | Free-cutting lead-free copper alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
| US9840758B2 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2017-12-12 | Poongsan Corporation | Leadless free-cutting copper alloy and method for producing the same |
| CN109321780A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-12 | 薛中有 | A kind of brass alloys of high elastic modulus and preparation method thereof |
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