JP2003242993A - Air conditioner utilizing fuel cell heat - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an air conditioner utilizing the fuel cell heat that can effectively utilize the heat generated from the fuel cell unit. <P>SOLUTION: The air conditioner device utilizing the fuel cell heat comprises a cooling water circulating route in which the fuel cell unit and the radiator is connected by a forward and a return pipes, a freezing cycle circulating route in which a compressor, a utilizing water heat exchanger, and an outdoor heat exchanger are connected in order, a heat recovery circulating route which is connected over the forward and return pipes and connects a heat-recovery flow control valve and a heat-recovery water heat exchanger on the way, and a cold and hot water circulating route made of a first circuit in which a F coil, a pump, and a first flow control valve are connected in order to the utilizing water heat exchanger and a second circuit made of a F coil, a pump, a second flow control valve, and a heat-recovery water heat exchanger. And a first and a second detecting means for detecting the forward and return temperature are provided at the forward and return pipes and a third detecting means for detecting the cold and hot water temperature is provided at the F coil connecting side of the cold and hot water circulating route. And a controller for inputting the detected signal of the first, second, and third detecting means and outputting a control signal to the heat-recovery flow control valve, the first and second flow control valves, and the compressor is provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fuel cell heat utilization air conditioner that utilizes heat generated during an electrochemical reaction of a fuel cell for air conditioning.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 11 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional polymer electrolyte fuel cell system. In FIG. 11, 1 is a fuel cell main body, 2 is a hydrocarbon-based fuel gas taken in by a blower 5, is mixed with water vapor, and is reacted at a high temperature with a catalyst (for example, nickel-based) to decompose to generate hydrogen gas. It is a reformer for (reforming). The water to be steamed is supplied by the pump 9. Reference numeral 3 denotes a combustion section for raising the temperature of the reformer 2 to a high temperature, and fuel gas and combustion air are supplied by blowers 6 and 7. Reference numeral 4 is a battery stack that produces electricity by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen gas from the reformer 2 and oxygen (air) taken in by the blower 8. Reference numeral 10 denotes a radiator having a blower 11 for releasing the heat generated during the electrochemical reaction in the battery stack 4 to the atmosphere, and a cooling water going pipe 12 and a cooling water return with the battery stack 4. A circulation circuit is formed by the pipe 13. Reference numeral 14 is a cooling water circulation pump disposed in the middle of the cooling water going pipe 12 between the battery stack 4 and the radiator 10. The arrows in the figure indicate the flow direction of the cooling water.

In the above structure, hydrogen obtained by reforming a fuel containing hydrocarbon such as city gas in the reformer 2 and oxygen in the air obtained from the atmosphere are electrochemically converted in the battery stack 4. The direct current is taken out by reacting dynamically, and an alternating current power source is generated by a direct current / alternating current converter (not shown).

[0004]

In the conventional solid polymer type fuel cell system configured as described above, the temperature of the cell stack 4 for producing electricity by electrochemically reacting hydrogen gas and oxygen is 100. If the temperature exceeds ℃, the function may be impaired. Therefore, for cooling the battery stack 4, the cooling water going pipe 12 and the cooling water return pipe 13 circulate between the battery stack 4 and the radiator 10. A circuit is formed, and the cooling water is circulated by the cooling water circulation pump 14, and the radiator 10 radiates heat to the atmosphere by the blower 11 to cool it so as not to exceed 100 ° C. As described above, conventionally, the heat generated from the battery stack 4 is applied to the radiator 10
However, there is no attempt to positively utilize this heat for air conditioning, for example, by simply discharging it into the atmosphere.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is possible to achieve energy saving by effectively utilizing the heat generated during the electrochemical reaction generated from the polymer electrolyte fuel cell main body. The purpose is to obtain an air conditioner that utilizes battery heat.

[0006]

In the fuel cell heat utilizing air conditioner according to claim 1 of the present invention, the fuel cell main body and the radiator are connected by a cooling water going pipe and a returning pipe. A cooling water circulation path formed by disposing a cooling water circulation pump and a cooling water flow rate adjusting valve in the cooling water going pipe;
A heat pump refrigeration cycle circulation path formed by sequentially connecting a compressor, a four-way valve, a use side water heat exchanger and an outdoor air heat exchanger, and the cooling water circulation pump and the cooling water flow rate adjusting valve in the cooling water circulation path. Between the cooling water going pipe and the cooling water returning pipe, and a heat recovery cooling water circulation path in which a heat recovery cooling water flow rate adjusting valve and a heat recovery water heat exchanger are connected in the middle of the pipe. And a first circulation circuit formed by sequentially connecting a fan coil, a hot / cold water circulation pump and a first cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valve to the utilization side water heat exchanger of the refrigeration cycle by piping, and the cold temperature It is connected across a pipe between the water circulation pump and the first cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valve and a pipe between the utilization side water heat exchanger and the fan coil, and a second cold / hot water is provided on the way. Flow control valve and water heat exchange for heat recovery A hot / cold water circulation path is formed with the second circulation circuit connecting the reactor, and a cooling water going temperature TcS circulated through the fuel cell main body is provided in the cooling water going pipe and the returning pipe of the cooling water circulating path. ,
A first temperature detecting means and a second temperature detecting means for respectively detecting the return temperature TcR of the cooling water are provided, and the cold / hot water temperature ThS flowing into the fan coil is provided on the fan coil inflow side of the pipe of the cold / hot water circulation path. A third temperature detecting means for detecting is provided, and the detection signals of the first and second temperature detecting means and the third temperature detecting means are inputted, the cooling water flow rate adjusting valve, and the heat recovery cooling water flow rate. A control valve, a controller for outputting a control signal to the first and second cold / hot water flow rate control valves, the fan of the radiator and the compressor are provided.

Further, in the fuel cell heat utilization air conditioner according to a second aspect of the present invention, when the going temperature TcS of the cooling water detected by the first temperature detecting means is smaller than a predetermined set temperature, the refrigeration cycle. Heating operation by a heat pump in the circulation path of the first circulation circuit and the hot and cold water circulation path of the first circulation circuit, when the going temperature TcS of the cooling water is higher than a predetermined set temperature, the heat recovery cooling water circulation path, A heating operation by heat pump + heat recovery is performed in the circulation path of the refrigeration cycle and the cold / hot water circulation paths of the first and second circulation circuits, and the cold / hot water temperature ThS detected by the third temperature detecting means is a predetermined set temperature. When it is higher, the heating and radiator operation by heat recovery are performed in the cooling water circulation path, the heat recovery cooling water circulation path and the cold / hot water circulation path of the second circulation circuit. In which was to so that.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiment 1. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a fuel cell heat-utilizing air conditioner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Incidentally, in FIG. 1, the conventional example shown in FIG.
The same or corresponding parts as 1 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. The fuel cell heat utilization air conditioner according to the present embodiment includes a heat pump type refrigeration cycle system, a heat recovery cooling water system, and a user side cold / hot water system. The arrows in the figure indicate the flow direction of the cooling water. In FIG. 1, first, in a heat pump type refrigeration cycle system, 20 is a compressor, 21 is a four-way valve that switches the flow direction of the refrigerant between cooling and heating, 22 is a water heat exchanger on the use side, and 23 is an expansion valve. 24 are outdoor air heat exchangers, which constitute a refrigeration cycle. Since the flow and action of the refrigerant in this refrigeration cycle are well known, description thereof will be omitted here.

Next, in the heat recovery cooling water system, 30 is a heat recovery cooling water flow rate adjusting valve, and 31 is a heat recovery water heat exchanger. Reference numeral 32 denotes the middle of the cooling water going pipe 12 between the cooling water circulation pump 14 and the cooling water flow rate adjusting valve 33 for adjusting the flow rate of the cooling water flowing to the radiator 10, and the radiator 10 and the battery stack. 4 is a middle part of the cooling water return pipe 13 between them, and is connected to the heat recovery cooling water flow rate adjusting valve 30 and the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31 through the heat recovery water pipe. Then, the battery stack 4, the cooling water circulation pump 14, and the heat recovery cooling water flow rate adjusting valve 3 which are connected by the cooling water going pipe 12, the cooling water return pipe 13 and the heat collecting water pipe 32.
0, the circuit system formed by the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31 constitutes the heat recovery cooling water system.

Next, in the cold / hot water system on the user side, 40
Is a fan coil installed in the room, 41 is a cold / hot water circulation pump, 42 is a first cold / hot water flow rate provided between the user side water heat exchanger 22 of the refrigeration cycle and the cold / hot water circulation pump 41. It is a regulating valve. Reference numeral 43 is a cold / hot water pipe in which the fan coil 40, the cold / hot water circulation pump 41, the first cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valve 42, and the use side water heat exchanger 22 of the refrigeration cycle are sequentially connected.

Reference numeral 50 denotes the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31.
A second cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valve that adjusts the flow rate of the cold / hot water flowing into the hot / cold water pipe 43 between the cold / hot water circulation pump 41 and the first cold / hot water flow adjusting valve 42. , Branching in the middle of the cold / hot water pipe 43 between the use side water heat exchanger 22 and the fan coil 40, and via the second cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valve 50 and the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31. It is a bypass pipe connected by. And
The fan coil 4 connected by the cold / hot water pipe 43
0, the cold / hot water circulation pump 41, the first cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valve 42, the circuit system formed by the use side water heat exchanger 22, and the fan connected by the cold / hot water pipe 43 and the bypass pipe 51 Coil 40, cold / hot water circulation pump 4
1, a circuit system formed by the second cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valve 50 and the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31 constitutes a cold / hot water system on the use side.

Reference numerals 60 and 61 denote the cooling water going pipe 12 and the cooling pipe on the side where the cooling water circulating pump 14 is arranged, near the branches of the cooling water going pipe 12 and the cooling water return pipe 13, respectively. A first temperature detecting means, such as a thermistor, for detecting the going temperature TcS of the cooling water and the returning temperature TcR of the cooling water which are respectively provided in the water return pipes 13 and circulate through the cell stack 4 of the fuel cell body 1. And second temperature detecting means. 6
2 is the use side water heat exchanger 22 and the fan coil 40
A third, such as a thermistor, which is provided on the inflow side of the fan coil 40 of the cold / hot water pipe 43 for connecting to and detects the cold / hot water temperature ThS flowing into the fan coil 40
Is a temperature detecting means.

Reference numeral 70 denotes the first and second temperature detecting means 6
0, 61 and the detection signals of the third temperature detecting means 62 are input, and the heat recovery cooling water flow rate adjusting valve 30, the cooling water flow rate adjusting valve 33, the first and second cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valves 4 are input.
2, 50, a controller that outputs a control signal to the blower 11 of the radiator 10 and the compressor 20.

FIG. 2 shows the temperature control range of the cooling water return temperature TcR provided in the cooling water return pipe 13 and detected by the second temperature detecting means 61. In FIG. 2, TCL indicates a set temperature of the cooling water return temperature TcR, and DTc indicates an allowable range with respect to the set temperature TCL. For example, the cooling water return temperature TcR is controlled within a range of about 60 to 65 ° C. By controlling the cooling water return temperature TcR, the temperature of the cell stack 4 of the fuel cell body 1 is kept normal.

FIG. 3 is provided on the inflow side of the fan coil 40 of the cold / hot water pipe 43 connecting the use side water heat exchanger 22 of the refrigeration cycle and the fan coil 40, and the third temperature detecting means. 6 shows a temperature control range of the cold / hot water temperature ThS flowing into the fan coil 40 detected by 62. In FIG. 3, THS is the set temperature of the cold / hot water temperature ThS, and DTh is the set temperature THS.
For example, the cold water temperature ThS is 4 so that the fan coil 40 can obtain a required heating capacity.
It is controlled in the range of about 5 to 50 ° C.

In the above-mentioned structure, the operation modes of the heating operation are roughly classified into the heat pump heating operation, the heat pump + heat recovery heating operation,
There are three operation modes, namely, heat recovery heating operation + radiator operation, and the operation operation will be described below.

FIG. 4 shows an operation system diagram in the heat pump heating operation. In addition, in FIG.
The same or corresponding parts as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. Further, in FIG. 4, a solid line arrow circulates a cooling water circulation path circulated by the cooling water circulation pump 14 between the radiator 10 and the battery stack 4, and a broken line arrow circulates by the cold / hot water circulation pump 41. The circulation route of the cold / hot water system on the utilization side is indicated by the one-dot chain line arrow, which indicates the circulation route of the refrigerant for the heat pump refrigeration cycle heating.

First, the heat recovery cooling water flow rate adjusting valve 30 is fully closed by the controller 70, and the cooling water flow rate adjusting valve 3 is closed.
3 is fully opened, and the blower 11 of the radiator 10 is OF
In the state of F, the battery stack 4 and the radiator 10
Between the cooling water going pipe 12 and the cooling water return pipe 13
In the cooling water circulation path formed by, the cooling water circulation pump 1
4, the cooling water is circulated as indicated by the solid arrow in FIG. Thereby, the cell stack 4 of the fuel cell body 1
The temperature TcS of the cooling water flowing through the pipe 12 for cooling water is gradually increased. Then, the fan coil 40 is turned ON to start the heating operation, and the cooling water going temperature Tc detected by the first temperature detecting means 60 provided in the cooling water going pipe 12 is detected.
When S has not yet reached the set temperature TCH, the controller 70 outputs a control signal to the compressor 20 of the heat pump refrigeration cycle to start the heating operation by the heat pump.

In the heating operation by this heat pump, the refrigerant circulation path of the refrigeration cycle shown by the one-dot chain line arrow in FIG. 4 and the cold-hot water circulation path on the use side circulated by the cold-hot water circulation pump 41 shown by the broken line arrow. Done in. In the circulation path of the refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant side of the use-side water heat exchanger 22 acts as a condenser, and the refrigerant side that acts as this condenser is circulated by the cold / hot water circulation pump 41 in the cold / hot water circulation path. It is heated by exchanging heat with cold / hot water as a heat medium for heating and is supplied to the fan coil 40 to radiate heat into the room for heating. still,
Regarding the flow and action of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle,
The description is omitted because it is well known.

The heating operation by the heat pump will be described below with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, the fan coil 40 is turned on, and in S1, it is determined whether the cooling water going temperature TcS detected by the first temperature detecting means 60 provided in the cooling water going pipe 12 is higher than the set temperature TCH, If No, in S2, the heating operation by the heat pump is performed by the circulation path of the refrigeration cycle and the cold / hot water circulation path on the use side. that time,
The controller 70 fully closes the second cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valve 50 on the bypass pipe 51 side, and fully opens the first cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valve 42 on the cold / hot water pipe 43 side.

Then, in S3, a third hot / cold water pipe 43 connecting the user side water heat exchanger 22 of the refrigeration cycle and the fan coil 40 of the cold / hot water circulation path is provided on the inflow side of the fan coil 40. Temperature detecting means 62
The cold / hot water temperature ThS flowing into the fan coil 40, which is detected by, is within the set temperature control range (THS-
DTh), and if Yes, in S4, the operating frequency of the compressor 20 is increased, and cold / hot water as a heat medium circulated to the use side water heat exchanger 22 of the refrigeration cycle is determined. Increase the amount of heat exchange to.
If No, in S5, it is determined whether the cold / hot water temperature ThS is smaller than (THS + DTh) of the set temperature control range. If Yes, it is within the set temperature control range of FIG. If the operating frequency of the compressor 20 is maintained, and if No, the operating frequency of the compressor 20 is decreased in S6, and the amount of heat exchange with cold / hot water in the use side water heat exchanger 22 of the refrigeration cycle is decreased. If Yes in S1, the process proceeds to the heat pump + heat recovery heating operation.

In this way, the cold / hot water temperature ThS is set to (THS-DTh <ThS <THS within the set temperature control range so that the fan coil 40 can obtain the required heating capacity.
+ DTh), the operating frequency of the compressor 20 is controlled by the controller 70, and the heat exchange amount in the utilization side water heat exchanger 22 in the refrigeration cycle is controlled.

Next, FIG. 6 shows an operation system diagram in the heat pump + heat recovery heating operation. Incidentally, in FIG. 6, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIG. Further, in FIG. 6, a solid line arrow indicates a circulation path of the cooling water circulated by the cooling water circulation pump 14 in a circuit system formed between the battery stack 4 and the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31 by a chain line. An arrow indicates a circulation path of the refrigerant for heating the heat pump refrigeration cycle, and a dashed arrow indicates a circulation path for circulating the refrigerant through the utilization side water heat exchanger 22 of the refrigeration cycle and the heat exchange water heat exchanger 31 through the bypass pipe 51. Each of the circulation paths is shown.

In the cooling water circulation path between the battery stack 4 and the radiator 10 indicated by the solid line arrow in the heat pump heating operation system diagram shown in FIG. The cooling water going temperature TcS detected by the provided first temperature detecting means 60 is
When the temperature becomes higher than the set temperature TCH, it is determined that heating by heat recovery is possible, and the controller 70 fully closes the cooling water flow rate adjustment valve 33 and fully opens the heat recovery cooling water flow rate adjustment valve 30, A circuit system formed between the battery stack 4 and the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31 shown by a solid arrow forms a circulation path of the cooling water circulated by the cooling water circulation pump 14, and a heat pump + heat recovery heating Driving is performed.

In this heat pump + heat recovery heating operation, the circulation path of the cooling water circulated in the circuit formed between the battery stack 4 and the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31 shown by the solid arrow in FIG. And a circulation path of the refrigeration cycle indicated by a one-dot chain line arrow, and a path for circulating heat to the fan coil 40 by the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31 through the utilization side bypass pipe 51 indicated by a broken line and the refrigeration cycle. It is performed in a route of circulating to the fan coil 40 via the use side water heat exchanger 22.

The amount of heat exchanged in the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31 through the bypass pipe 51 is the cooling water return temperature TcR detected by the second temperature detecting means 61.
However, the second cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valve 5 provided in the bypass pipe 51 is controlled so as to fall within the temperature control range shown in FIG.
It is controlled by the opening degree of 0. The amount of heat exchanged in the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31 is the cooling water return temperature TcR.
May be controlled by the opening degree of the heat recovery cooling water flow rate adjusting valve 30 so that the temperature control range shown in FIG. In that case, the second cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valve 50 is fully opened.

The heat pump + heat recovery heating operation will be described below with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In S1 of the heat pump heating operation flowchart of FIG. 5, when it is determined that the cooling water going temperature TcS is higher than the set temperature TCH (Yes), it is determined that heating by heat recovery is possible, and the cooling water circulation is performed in S7. The heat pump + heat recovery heating operation is performed by the route, the circulation route of the refrigeration cycle, and the route of circulating the heat to the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31 and the utilization side water heat exchanger 22 to the fan coil 40. At that time, the first cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valve 42 on the cold / hot water pipe 43 side is fully opened by the controller 70.

Then, in S8, the cooling water return pipe 1
It is determined whether or not the cooling water return temperature TcR detected by the second temperature detection means 61 provided in No. 3 is larger than (TCL + DTc) of the set temperature control range.
If Yes, in S9, the opening degree of the second cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valve 50 is increased, the flow rate of the cold / hot water circulated is increased, and the heat exchange amount in the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31 is increased. If No, the cooling water return temperature TcR in S10 falls within the set temperature control range (TCL-DT).
c) It is determined whether or not it is smaller, and if Yes, S11
In, the opening degree of the second cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valve 50 is decreased, the flow rate of the cold / hot water circulated is decreased, and the heat exchange amount in the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31 is decreased. Above S10
If No, the cooling water return temperature TcR is within the set temperature control range, and therefore the opening degree of the second cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valve 50 is maintained.

Subsequently, in S12, the cold / hot water flowing into the fan coil 40 detected by the third temperature detecting means 62 provided in the cold / hot water pipe 43 on the inflow side of the fan coil 40 in the cold / hot water circulation path on the use side. It is determined whether or not the temperature ThS is smaller than (THS-DTh) of the set temperature control range. If Yes, in S13, the operating frequency of the compressor 20 is increased to increase the utilization side water heat of the refrigeration cycle. The amount of heat exchange with the circulating cold / hot water in the exchanger 22 is increased. If No, in S14,
It is determined whether or not the cold / hot water temperature ThS is smaller than (THS + DTh) in the set temperature control range, and Yes.
If so, since the cold / hot water temperature ThS is within the set temperature control range, the operating frequency of the compressor 20 is maintained.
If No, in S15, the operating frequency of the compressor 20 is decreased, and the utilization side water heat exchanger 22 of the refrigeration cycle is
Reduce the amount of heat exchange to cold / hot water at.

Then, in S16, it is judged whether or not the operating frequency of the compressor 20 is the minimum frequency, and if No, the process returns to S1 of the flowchart shown in FIG. If Yes, even if the operating frequency of the compressor 20 becomes the minimum frequency, the cold / hot water temperature ThS is within the set temperature control range (THS).
+ DTh), the compressor 20 is stopped in S17, and the heating operation only by heat recovery + radiator operation is performed.

In this way, the cold / hot water temperature ThS flowing into the fan coil 40 is set to (T) within the set temperature control range so that the fan coil 40 can obtain the required heating capacity.
So that HS-DTh <ThS <THS + DTh),
The controller 70 controls the operating frequency of the compressor 20.

Subsequently, FIG. 8 shows an operation system diagram in the heating operation + radiator operation only by the heat recovery. In FIG. 8, parts that are the same as or correspond to those in FIG. Further, in FIG. 8, the solid line arrow passes through the battery stack 4, and the radiator 10
And the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31, the circulation path of the cooling water circulated by the cooling water circulation pump 14, the broken line arrow passes through the bypass pipe 51 on the utilization side, and the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31 generates heat. The circulation paths of the cold and warm water which are exchanged and circulated to the fan coil 40 are respectively shown.

In this heating operation and heat radiator operation by heat recovery, a cooling water circulation path between the radiator 10 and the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31 is provided through the battery stack 4 indicated by the solid arrow in FIG. The heat recovery water heat exchanger 31 exchanges heat with the bypass coil 51 on the utilization side, which is indicated by a broken line, and is circulated to the fan coil 40.

The heating operation and the radiator operation by heat recovery will be described below with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In the heat pump + heat recovery heating operation, the compressor 20
Even if the operating frequency of the fan coil is set to the minimum frequency, the fan coil 40
If the cold / hot water temperature ThS flowing into is higher than the set temperature control range (THS + DTh), it is determined that heating by only heat recovery is possible, and in S18, the cooling water circulation path and the bypass pipe 51 on the use side. A heat recovery heating operation + radiator operation is performed through a path in which heat is exchanged in the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31 and circulated to the fan coil 40. At that time, the controller 70 fully opens the second cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valve 50 on the bypass pipe 51 side, and the cold / hot water pipe 4
The first cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valve 42 on the third side is fully closed, and the blower 11 of the radiator 10 is turned on.

Then, in S19, the hot and cold water pipe 43 is provided on the inflow side of the fan coil 40 in the path for circulating heat to the fan coil 40 by exchanging heat with the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31 indicated by the dashed arrow. The cold / hot water temperature ThS flowing into the fan coil 40, which is detected by the third temperature detecting means 62, falls within the set temperature control range (T
HS-DTh), and if Yes, in S20, the heat recovery cooling water flow rate adjustment valve 3
The opening degree of 0 is increased, the flow rate to the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31 is increased, and the heat exchange amount to the cold / hot water circulated through the bypass pipe 51 in the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31 is increased. If No, in S21, the cold / hot water temperature ThS is (THS + DT) within the set temperature control range.
h) It is determined whether or not it is larger, and if Yes, S22
In, the opening degree of the heat recovery cooling water flow rate adjustment valve 30 is reduced, the flow rate to the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31 is reduced, and the heat exchange amount to cold / hot water in the heat recovery water heat exchanger 31 is reduced. . If No, the cold / hot water temperature ThS is within the temperature control range, and therefore the opening degree of the heat recovery cooling water flow rate adjustment valve 30 is maintained.

Then, in S23, the cooling water return temperature TcR detected by the second temperature detecting means 61 provided in the cooling water return pipe 13 of the cooling water circulation path is within the set temperature control range (TCL- DTc) is determined, and if Yes, the opening degree of the cooling water flow rate adjusting valve 33 is decreased in S24, and the radiator 10
The amount of discharge to the blower 11 is reduced. If No, in S25, the cooling water return temperature TcR is set to the set temperature control range (TCL + DTc).
If it is larger than Yes, and if Yes, in S26, the opening degree of the cooling water flow rate adjusting valve 33 is increased, the flow rate to the radiator 10 is increased, and the discharge amount by the blower 11 is increased. If No, the cooling water return temperature TcR
Is within the temperature control range, the cooling water flow rate adjusting valve 3
Maintain an opening of 3.

As described above, the cold / hot water temperature ThS flowing into the fan coil 40 is within the set temperature control range (T) so that the fan coil 40 can obtain the required heating capacity.
So that HS-DTh <ThS <THS + DTh),
The heat recovery cooling water flow rate adjusting valve 3 is controlled by the controller 70.
The opening degree of 0 is controlled, and the cooling water return temperature TcR of the cooling water circulation path is set to (TCL-DTc
<TcR <TCL + DTc) so that the controller 7
0 controls the opening degree of the cooling water flow rate adjusting valve 33 to keep the temperature of the cell stack 4 of the fuel cell main body 1 normal.

FIG. 10 shows an operation system diagram in the cooling operation and the radiator operation by the heat pump. still,
10, parts that are the same as or correspond to those in FIG. 1 above are given the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof will be omitted. Further, in FIG. 10, a solid arrow indicates between the radiator 10 through the battery stack 4,
In the circulation path of the cooling water circulated by the cooling water circulation pump 14, the one-dot chain line arrow circulates the refrigerant circulation path of the heat pump refrigeration cycle cooling system, and the broken line arrow circulates through the use side water heat exchanger 22 of the refrigeration cycle. The circulation routes on the use side are shown respectively. In the heat pump cooling operation + radiator operation, since the heat of the battery stack 4 is not used, the radiator 10 discharges it into the atmosphere in the cooling water circulation path indicated by the solid arrow.
At that time, the cooling water return temperature TcR detected by the second temperature detecting means 61 provided in the cooling water return pipe 13
So that the temperature is within the set temperature control range.
Thus, the opening of the cooling water flow rate adjusting valve 33 is controlled to control the flow rate to the radiator 10 to adjust the discharge amount.
The controller 70 fully closes the heat recovery cooling water flow rate adjusting valve 30.

On the other hand, in the cooling operation by the heat pump, the refrigerant circulation path in which the four-way valve 21 of the refrigeration cycle indicated by the one-dot chain line arrow is switched to the cooling cycle side,
This is performed in a circulation path that is circulated through the water heat exchanger 22 on the use side of the refrigeration cycle indicated by a dashed arrow. In the circulation path of the refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant side of the use side water heat exchanger 22 acts as an evaporator, and is circulated through the refrigerant side acting as the evaporator and the use side water heat exchanger 22. The cold / hot water as a heat medium circulated by the cold / hot water circulation pump 41 in the circulation path is heat-exchanged,
Cooled cold water is supplied to the fan coil 40 to cool the room. At that time, the temperature is detected by the third temperature detecting means 62 provided in the cold / hot water pipe 43 on the inflow side of the fan coil 40 in the circulation path circulated through the utilization side water heat exchanger 22 indicated by the dashed arrow. The cold and hot water temperature is
For example, so that the temperature control range is about 10 to 15 ° C,
The controller 70 controls the operating frequency of the compressor 20 in the refrigeration cycle to adjust the amount of heat exchange with cold / hot water as a heat medium circulated in the cold / hot water circulation path of the use side water heat exchanger 22.

[0040]

As described above, the first and second aspects of the present invention are described.
In the fuel cell heat utilization air conditioner of, the fuel cell main body and the radiator are connected by a pipe for returning cooling water and a pipe for returning.
A cooling water circulation path formed by disposing a cooling water circulation pump and a cooling water flow rate adjusting valve in the cooling water delivery pipe, a compressor, a four-way valve, a water heat exchanger on the use side, and an outdoor air heat exchanger in sequence. A circulation path of a heat pump refrigeration cycle that is formed by being connected, to the cooling water going pipe between the cooling water circulation pump and the cooling water flow rate adjusting valve of the cooling water circulation path, and to the cooling water returning pipe. It has a heat recovery cooling water circulation path that is connected across and has a heat recovery cooling water flow rate adjustment valve and a heat recovery water heat exchanger connected in the middle, and a fan coil and cold / hot water circulation in the water heat exchanger on the use side of the refrigeration cycle. A first circulation circuit formed by sequentially connecting the pump and the first cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valve with piping, and the pipe between the cold / hot water circulating pump and the first cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valve, With the use side water heat exchanger A hot / cold water circulation path is formed across the piping between the fan coil and the second cold / hot water flow control valve and a second circulation circuit to which the heat recovery water heat exchanger is connected. First temperature detecting means for detecting a going temperature TcS of the cooling water circulated through the fuel cell main body and a returning temperature TcR of the cooling water, which are circulated in the cooling water going pipe and the returning pipe of the cooling water circulation path, respectively. And second temperature detecting means are provided, and third temperature detecting means for detecting the cold / hot water temperature ThS flowing into the fan coil is provided on the fan coil inflow side of the pipe of the cold / hot water circulation path, and the first and second temperature detecting means are provided. Inputting the detection signals of the temperature detecting means and the third temperature detecting means, the cooling water flow rate adjusting valve, the heat recovery cooling water flow rate adjusting valve, the first and second cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valves, and Radiator fan And a compressor for outputting a control signal to the compressor, and when the cooling water going temperature TcS detected by the first temperature detecting means is smaller than a predetermined set temperature, the refrigeration cycle Heating operation by the heat pump in the circulation path of the first circulation circuit and the cold / hot water circulation path of the first circulation circuit, when the cooling water going temperature TcS is higher than a predetermined set temperature, the heat recovery cooling water circulation path and the refrigeration The heating operation by heat pump + heat recovery is performed by the circulation path of the cycle and the cold / hot water circulation paths of the first and second circulation circuits,
The cold / hot water temperature ThS detected by the temperature detecting means of
When the temperature is higher than a predetermined set temperature, the cooling water circulation path, the heat recovery cooling water circulation path, and the cold / hot water circulation path of the second circulation circuit perform heating and radiator operation by heat recovery. The heat generated during the electrochemical reaction in the main unit can be effectively used for heating the air conditioner in the above operation mode, and the cold / hot water supplied to the fan coil on the user side is heated by the heat recovery water heat exchanger. Since the heating of the shortage is assisted by the operation of the compressor, a fuel cell heat utilization air conditioner in which the input of the compressor can be reduced can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell heat-utilizing air conditioner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a control range of a cooling water temperature according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a control range of cold / hot water temperature on the user side according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an operation system diagram of heating operation by the heat pump according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a heating operation using a heat pump.

FIG. 6 is an operation system diagram of heating operation by heat pump + heat recovery according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a heating operation by a heat pump and heat recovery.

FIG. 8 is an operation system diagram of heating operation + radiator operation by heat recovery according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a heating operation by heat recovery.

FIG. 10 is an operation system diagram of cooling operation + radiator operation by the heat pump according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional fuel cell system.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Fuel Cell Main Body, 4 Battery Stack, 10 Radiator, 12 Cooling Water Going Pipe, 13 Cooling Water Return Pipe, 14 Cooling Water Circulation Pump, 20 Compressor,
22 use side water heat exchanger, 30 heat recovery cooling water flow rate adjusting valve, 31 heat recovery water heat exchanger, 32 heat recovery water pipe, 33 cooling water flow rate adjusting valve, 40 fan coil, 41 cold / hot water circulation pump, 42 1st cold / hot water flow control valve, 43 cold / hot water piping, 50 2nd cold / hot water flow control valve, 51 bypass piping, 60 1st
Temperature detecting means, 61 second temperature detecting means, 62
Third temperature detecting means, 70 Controller.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) H01M 8/04 H01M 8/04 NT 8/10 8/10

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A fuel cell main body and a radiator are connected by a cooling water going pipe and a returning pipe, and a cooling water circulating pump and a cooling water flow rate adjusting valve are arranged in the cooling water going pipe. And a cooling water circulation path formed by sequentially connecting a compressor, a four-way valve, a use side water heat exchanger and an outdoor air heat exchanger, and the cooling of the cooling water circulation path. The cooling water going pipe between the water circulation pump and the cooling water flow rate adjusting valve and the cooling water returning pipe are connected to each other, and the cooling water flow rate adjusting valve for heat recovery and the heat water exchange for heat recovery are provided on the way. And a heat recovery cooling water circulation path to which a cooling device is connected, and a fan coil, a pump for circulating hot and cold water, and a first heat exchanger for the side water heat exchanger of the refrigeration cycle
The cold and hot water flow rate control valve of
1 circulation circuit, the pipe between the cold / hot water circulation pump and the first cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valve, and is connected across the pipe between the utilization side water heat exchanger and the fan coil. ,
A cold / hot water circulation path is formed on the way by a second cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valve and a second circulation circuit connecting the heat recovery water heat exchanger, and the cooling water going pipe and the return pipe of the cooling water circulation route are formed. Are provided with a first temperature detecting means and a second temperature detecting means for respectively detecting a going temperature TcS of the cooling water circulated through the fuel cell main body and a returning temperature TcR of the cooling water. On the fan coil inflow side of the pipe, the cold / hot water temperature ThS flowing into the fan coil
A third temperature detecting means for detecting
Inputting the detection signals of the temperature detecting means and the third temperature detecting means, the cooling water flow rate adjusting valve, the heat recovery cooling water flow rate adjusting valve, the first and second cold / hot water flow rate adjusting valves, and An air conditioner utilizing heat from a fuel cell, comprising a fan for a radiator and a controller for outputting a control signal to the compressor. 2. When the going temperature TcS of the cooling water detected by the first temperature detecting means is smaller than a predetermined set temperature, the circulation route of the refrigeration cycle and the cold / hot water circulation of the first circulation circuit. When the cooling water going temperature TcS is higher than a predetermined set temperature, the heat recovery cooling water circulation path, the refrigeration cycle circulation path, and the first and second circulation circuits When the cold / hot water temperature ThS detected by the third temperature detecting means is higher than a predetermined set temperature, the cooling water circulation path and the heat recovery 2. The fuel according to claim 1, wherein heating and radiator operation by heat recovery are performed in the cooling water circulation path and the cold / hot water circulation path of the second circulation circuit. Air conditioner using battery heat.