JP2003203788A - Emergency lighting system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an emergency lighting system which charges a secondary battery at normal times and lights a lamp with the secondary battery as a power source in case of emergency, wherein the battery is prevented from being over discharged when a power failure occurs for a long period of time after and electric current is once applied from the commercial power supply. <P>SOLUTION: The emergency lighting system is provided with the secondary battery EB to be charged through a step-down output of the commercial power supply Vs, and lights the lamp La with the secondary battery EB as a power source when the commercial power supply Vs fails. The emergency lighting system further has an electrification detecting circuit for detecting an electric current applied from the commercial power supply Vs. When the current is detected, the secondary battery EB is put in a discharge state. When the predetermined time passes after the power failure, or the battery voltage after the power failure fails below the predetermined voltage level, the secondary battery EB is put in a state where the discharge is prohibited. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an emergency lighting device for lighting a lamp by using a secondary battery as a power source. For example, a secondary battery is charged from a commercial power source such as an emergency light / guide light, and a power failure occurs. The present invention relates to an emergency lighting device that lights a lamp using a secondary battery as a power source in an emergency.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art (Prior Art 1) FIG. 10 shows a configuration of a conventional emergency lighting device. In the figure, Vs is a commercial power source, EB is a secondary battery, 1 is a step-down circuit, 2 is a power failure detection circuit, 3 is a lighting circuit, and La is a lamp. When the commercial power supply Vs is always energized, the commercial power supply Vs is converted into a DC low voltage by the step-down circuit 1 to charge the secondary battery EB. Commercial power supply V
When s has a power failure, the power failure detection circuit 2 detects the power failure, the lighting circuit 3 operates, the discharge is started from the secondary battery EB, and the lamp La lights.

FIG. 11 shows a specific circuit configuration of the conventional example 1. Normally, the commercial power supply Vs is stepped down by the transformer T1,
The secondary battery EB is charged through the current limiting resistor R1 from the DC power source rectified by the diode bridge DB. At the same time, the DC voltage half-wave rectified from the output of the transformer T1 by the diode D1 and smoothed by the capacitor C1 becomes a voltage equal to or higher than the Zener voltage of the Zener diode ZD1, the transistor Q1 is turned on, and the transistor Q2 is turned off, so that the lamp La is turned off. is doing. If the voltage of the capacitor C1 drops to a voltage equal to or lower than the Zener voltage of the Zener diode ZD1 when the commercial power supply Vs fails, the transistor Q1 turns off and the transistor Q2 turns on to recharge the secondary battery E.
B starts discharging and the lamp La lights up.

In such a circuit, when the secondary battery EB is connected in a state where the commercial power source Vs is not energized, the discharge of the battery is started, and the discharge is continued for a discharge time corresponding to the capacity of the battery, As long as the commercial power supply Vs is not energized, the battery voltage drops and the main discharge continues until the transistor Q2 becomes inoperable (about 0.7V), so that the battery continues to be overdischarged.

(Prior art example 2) FIG. 12 shows the structure of another conventional emergency lighting device. In this conventional example, an over-discharge prevention circuit 4 is provided so that the main discharge is stopped when the battery voltage falls below a certain level, and a specific circuit example thereof is shown in FIG. When the voltage obtained by dividing the battery voltage by the resistors R5 and R6 becomes equal to or lower than the voltage of the Zener diode ZD2, the comparator CP
The output of 1 is inverted and becomes LOW, the transistor Q2 is turned off, and the discharge is stopped.

However, even in such a circuit, the main discharge is stopped, but the current continues to flow from the battery to the comparator CP1 and the resistors R3, R5 and R6. As the battery becomes more and more deteriorated, the battery is over-discharged, and the battery continues to be in that condition for a long period of time. Therefore, the battery is deteriorated depending on the inactivation of the battery and the type of the secondary battery.

[0007]

As described above, the conventional circuit has a problem that if the discharging state is continued for a long time, the battery is over-discharged and the state is continued. Actually, for example, in the case of an emergency light or a guide light, the battery is discharged during the construction of the building in a non-energized state. After that, there are many cases in which the battery is connected and left uncharged for a long period of about 6 months without being energized until another construction or until the resident moves in. In such a case, in the above-described conventional example, the battery continues to be in the over-discharged state, and the battery deteriorates before use. In particular, when a secondary battery such as a nickel-hydrogen battery which is said to be susceptible to over-discharge (deep discharge) is used, it is necessary to take measures to prevent deterioration.

The present invention has been made in view of the above point, and the battery is over-discharged due to the main discharge for lighting the lamp from the secondary battery and the discharge due to the leakage current after the main discharge is completed. It is an object of the present invention to provide an emergency lighting device that can prevent the battery from deteriorating for a long time and prevent the battery from deteriorating. Specifically, for example, an emergency light / guide light that can prevent the battery from deteriorating even if it is left uncharged with the battery connected for a long period of about 6 months after the construction of the emergency light or the guide light. The challenge is to provide.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an emergency lighting device according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a step-down circuit for stepping down commercial power, and a secondary battery charged by the output of the step-down circuit. A lighting circuit that lights a lamp using a secondary battery as a power source when a commercial power source fails, and an emergency lighting device including a lamp that has an energization detection circuit that detects energization of the commercial power source, and the secondary battery and the lighting circuit. A switch is provided between the two, the switch is closed when energization is detected, and the lighting circuit becomes operable, and the lighting circuit becomes inoperable after a lapse of a predetermined time after a power failure. . The emergency lighting device according to claim 2 is the emergency lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined time is 30 minutes or more for the emergency light, 25 minutes or more for the guide light, and 75 hours for the long-time emergency light / guide light.
It is characterized by being more than a minute.

According to another aspect of the emergency lighting device of the present invention, the step-down circuit for stepping down the commercial power source, the secondary battery charged by the output of the step-down circuit, and the secondary battery as a power source when the commercial power source fails to turn on the lamp. In a lighting device including a lighting circuit and a lamp, an energization detection circuit for detecting energization of a commercial power source is provided, and a switch is provided between the secondary battery and the lighting circuit, and when energization is detected, the switch is closed and lit. It is characterized in that the circuit becomes operable and the lighting circuit becomes inoperable when the battery voltage becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined voltage after a power failure. The emergency lighting device according to a fourth aspect is the emergency illumination device according to the third aspect, wherein the predetermined battery voltage is 0.8 V per cell.
It is characterized by being 1.0V.

The emergency illuminating device of claim 5 is defined by claim 1
In any one of 4 above, when the lighting circuit is inoperable, the secondary battery is attached / detached to be in a dischargeable state. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is particularly suitable for an emergency lighting device that uses a battery, such as a nickel-hydrogen battery, which is considered to be susceptible to over-discharge (deep discharge), as a secondary battery.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 shows a circuit diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The circuit configuration will be described below. The commercial power supply Vs is connected to the primary winding of the transformer T1. An AC input terminal of a diode bridge DB is connected to the secondary winding of the transformer T1. The transformer T1 is a step-down transformer, and the turn ratio of the primary winding and the secondary winding is set to step down the high voltage of the commercial power source Vs to a low voltage suitable for charging the secondary battery EB. . The positive electrode of the DC output terminal of the diode bridge DB is connected to the positive electrode of the secondary battery EB via the current limiting resistor R1. The negative electrode of the secondary battery EB is connected to the negative electrode of the DC output terminal of the diode bridge DB. The negative electrode of the secondary battery EB is the ground (GND). The secondary battery EB is, for example, a nickel hydrogen battery.

The anodes of the diodes D1 and D2 are connected to one end of the secondary winding of the transformer T1. The cathode of the diode D1 is connected to one end of the capacitor C1, and the cathode of the diode D2 is connected to one end of the capacitor C2. The other ends of the capacitors C1 and C2 are connected to the negative electrode of the secondary battery EB. Capacitor C
A resistor R4 for discharging electric charge is connected in parallel to both ends of 1. The one end (positive electrode side) of the capacitor C1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1 via the Zener diode ZD1 and the resistor R2. The emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected to the negative electrode of the secondary battery EB. The collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the cathodes of the diodes D4 and D5.

The one end (positive electrode side) of the capacitor C2 is M
It is connected to the gate of the OSFET Q3 and also to the open collector output terminal C of the timer circuit.
The source of the MOSFET Q3 is connected to the negative electrode of the secondary battery EB, and the drain is connected to the base of the transistor Q4 via the resistor R8. The emitter of the transistor Q4 is connected to the positive electrode of the secondary battery EB. The collector of the transistor Q4 is connected to the power supply terminal of the timer circuit, and the resistors R3, R22, R24 and R25 are also connected.
Connected to one end of each. The other end of the resistor R25 is connected to the reset input terminal A of the timer circuit and the collector of the transistor Q12. Resistance R2
The other end of 4 is connected to the base of the transistor Q12 and the collector of the transistor Q11. The other end of the resistor R22 is connected to the base of the transistor Q11 and the anode of the diode D4. The other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2 and the anode of the diode D5. The emitters of the transistors Q2, Q11, Q12 are connected to the negative electrode of the secondary battery EB. The collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to one end of the lamp La, and the other end of the lamp La is connected to the positive electrode of the secondary battery EB.

The timer circuit is, for example, a general-purpose timer IC.
2 is configured by using AN6783 which is Pin 7 is Vcc (power supply terminal).
When the transistor Q4 is turned on, it is connected to the positive electrode of the secondary battery EB through the emitter and collector thereof. Pin 4 is a GND (ground terminal) and is connected to the negative electrode of the secondary battery EB. Pin 1 is a reference voltage source Vs.
A capacitor C3 is connected between pin 1 and ground. Pin 2 is a STOP terminal, and this terminal is LOW
Then, the operation of the IC is stopped. Pin 3 is a reset terminal of the counter and corresponds to the reset input terminal A of FIG. 1. When this terminal becomes LOW, the counter is reset, and when it becomes HIGH, time counting is started. Pin 5 generates a reference oscillation period, and the oscillation period is determined by a reference voltage source of pin 1 and a resistor r0 and a capacitor C4 connected to pin 5. The resistor r0 is connected between the 1st and 5th pins, and the capacitor C4 is connected between the 5th and 4th pins. The reference oscillation determined by pin 5 is counted by an internal binary counter, and a long time of several hours is counted. The output is pin 6, and the counter has the resistance r0,
At the time determined by the capacitor C4 and the internal binary counter, pin 6 becomes LOW. The output of pin 6 is input to pin 2 and is also connected to the base of the transistor Q14 via the resistor r2. Transistor Q
The collector of 14 is connected to the base of the transistor Q13, and is also connected to Vcc (power supply terminal) of pin 7 through the resistor r1. The emitters of the transistors Q13 and Q14 are connected to the ground. The collector of the transistor Q13 is the open collector output terminal C of the timer circuit of FIG.

The operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 1 will be described. Even if the secondary battery EB is connected while the commercial power source Vs is not energized, the gate voltage of the MOSFET Q3 is 0V, so M
The OSFET Q3 is off, the base current of the transistor Q4 does not flow, and the transistor Q4 is off,
Since the base current of the transistor Q2 is not supplied, the transistor Q2 remains off.

When the commercial power source Vs is energized, the commercial power source Vs
Is reduced by the transformer T1 and the secondary battery EB is charged through the resistor R1 by the DC voltage rectified by the diode bridge DB.
The capacitor C2 is charged via 2 and the MOSFET Q
Since a voltage is applied between the gate and source of 3, the MOS
The FET Q3 is turned on, the base current of the transistor Q5 flows, the transistor Q5 is turned on, and the base current can be supplied to the transistor Q2, that is, the dischargeable state. However, since the transistor Q1 is turned on because the commercial power source Vs is energized, the transistor Q2 is turned off and the lamp La is not turned on. At the same time, since the transistor Q1 is turned on, the transistor Q11 is turned off and the transistor Q12 is turned on, so that the reset input terminal A of the timer circuit becomes LOW. Therefore, commercial power supply Vs
When energized, the timer circuit does not operate.

When the commercial power source Vs fails, the MOSFE
TQ3 is a voltage driving element, and its drive current is extremely small. Therefore, TQ3 continues to be turned on by the voltage of the capacitor C2 even if power is not supplied from the diode D2. When the capacitor C1 is discharged by the resistor R4 and the transistor Q1 is turned off, the secondary battery EB → transistor Q4.
→ A base current flows through the transistor Q2 through the resistor R3, and the transistor Q2 is turned on to start discharging, so that the lamp La is turned on. At the same time, a base current flows through the transistor Q11 through the resistor R22 to turn on the transistor Q11, turning off the transistor Q12 and resetting the reset input terminal A of the timer circuit to HIGH.
Therefore, the timer circuit starts operating. That is, when a power failure occurs, the main discharge is started and the time counting is started by the timer circuit.

When the timer circuit counts up after a lapse of a predetermined time after the power failure continues, the output C of the timer circuit becomes LOW, and the charge of the capacitor C2 is discharged, so that the gate-source voltage of the MOSFET Q3 becomes approximately 0V. Therefore, the MOSFET Q3 is turned off, the transistor Q4 is turned off, and the base current of the transistor Q2 is not supplied from the secondary battery EB. Therefore, the transistor Q2 is turned off, the main discharge is stopped, and the lamp La is turned off. At the same time, since the transistor Q4 is turned off, the power supply from the secondary battery EB to the timer circuit is also lost,
The secondary battery EB is not discharged at all,
When the MOSFET Q3 is turned off, the dischargeable state is reset.

After that, when the commercial power source Vs is energized, the MOSFET Q3 is turned on as described above to return to a dischargeable state. The predetermined time for the timer circuit to count up is set to, for example, 30 minutes or more for emergency lights, 20 minutes or more for guide lights, and 75 minutes or more for long-time emergency lights / guide lights. Some modifications of the circuit shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are described below as basic embodiments.

(Embodiment 1-A) FIG. 3 shows a circuit configuration when the lamp La is a discharge lamp such as a fluorescent lamp. In this example, one end of the resistor R9 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to the base of the transistor Q5, and the emitter of the transistor Q5 is connected to the secondary battery E.
It is connected to the positive electrode of B, and the collector of the transistor Q5 is connected to one input terminal of the lighting circuit 3. The other input terminal of the lighting circuit 3 is connected to the negative electrode of the secondary battery EB. The lighting circuit 3 is composed of, for example, an inverter circuit, and the output thereof stably lights the discharge lamp La. When the commercial power source Vs is not energized, the transistor Q2 is not turned on and the transistor Q5 is not turned on as in the above,
Since no electric power is supplied to the lighting circuit 3, the discharge lamp La
Does not light. At the time of power failure, the transistor Q2 is turned on, the transistor Q5 is turned on, and the secondary battery EB is connected to the lighting circuit 3.
Power is supplied from the discharge lamp La and the discharge lamp La is turned on.

(Embodiment 1-B) FIG. 4 shows a circuit configuration in the case where an overdischarge prevention circuit is provided. In this example, the comparator C
An over-discharge prevention circuit using P1 is added, and the power supply terminal (V of the timer circuit is connected to the positive electrode of the secondary battery EB via the collector-emitter of the transistor Q4).
cc) line, resistors R25, R24, R5, R
One end of each of R7 and R3 is connected, and the power supply terminal of the comparator CP1 is connected. The ground terminal of the comparator CP1 is connected to the negative electrode of the secondary battery EB. Comparator CP
When the transistor Q4 is on, 1 is supplied with power from the secondary battery EB to be in an operable state. The other end of the resistor R25 is connected to the reset input terminal A of the timer circuit,
It is connected to the collector of the transistor Q12. The other end of the resistor R24 is connected to the base of the transistor Q12 and the anode of the diode D4.
The cathode of the diode D4 and the cathode of the diode D5 are connected to the output terminal of the comparator CP1. Resistance R3
Is connected to the base of the transistor Q2, the anode of the diode D5, and the collector of the transistor Q1. The emitters of the transistors Q2 and Q12 are connected to the negative electrode of the secondary battery EB. The other end of the resistor R5 is connected to one end of the resistor R6 and is also connected to the + side input terminal of the comparator CP1. The other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode ZD2 and is also connected to the-side input terminal of the comparator CP1. The anode of the Zener diode ZD2 and the other end of the resistor R6 are connected to the negative electrode of the secondary battery EB. The Zener voltage of the Zener diode ZD2 is set to be lower than the voltage obtained by dividing the voltage of the secondary battery EB in the normal state by the resistors R5 and R6. When the transistor Q4 is turned on, the Zener voltage is applied across the Zener diode ZD2. A corresponding reference voltage is generated and input to the-side input terminal of the comparator CP1 as a reference voltage. Further, a voltage obtained by dividing the voltage of the secondary battery EB by the resistors R5 and R6 is applied as a detection value to the + side input terminal of the comparator CP1. Other circuit configurations are the same as those described in FIG. 1 (and FIG. 2).

In the circuit of FIG. 4, the battery voltage is monitored by the comparator CP1, and if the battery voltage is equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage, the output of the comparator CP1 becomes HIGH, and the base current flows through the transistor Q12 through the resistor R24. Then, the transistor Q12 is turned on, the reset input terminal A of the timer circuit becomes LOW, and the timer circuit does not time.
When the discharge starts and the battery voltage drops due to the discharge and becomes below a predetermined voltage, the output of the comparator CP1 becomes LOW,
Transistor Q2 turns off and transistor Q12
Turns off and the reset input terminal A of the timer circuit goes high.
It becomes H and the timer starts counting. When the power failure continues for a predetermined time or more, the timer circuit counts up, the output terminal C becomes LOW, and the MOSFET Q
3 is off, transistor Q4 is off, timer circuit,
The minute discharge from the secondary battery EB to the comparator CP1 and the like of the overdischarge prevention circuit is also cut off, the discharge is completely stopped, and the dischargeable state is reset as described above.

As described above, in the first embodiment, the battery is not discharged even when the battery is connected in a power failure state until the commercial power source is energized. Even if the battery is connected and left as it is for a long time, it will not be discharged. Also, even if the battery is left for a long time in a power failure after being energized once, the timer does not discharge the battery for a certain time or more, and the minute current consumption that maintains the circuit operation that is not the main discharge that turns on the lamp. Also, since the discharge is interrupted, the capacity of the battery does not decrease even after a long period of time, so that the battery is not over-discharged and the battery does not deteriorate. In addition, when actually used, the power supply is energized to set the dischargeable state, and it is possible to discharge even in the event of a power failure, so that the original function as an emergency light / guide light can be satisfied.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
It is a circuit diagram of. This embodiment enables intermittent charging using the microcomputer IC2. The circuit configuration will be described below. The commercial power source Vs is 1 of the transformer T1.
It is connected to the next winding. An AC input terminal of a diode bridge DB is connected to the secondary winding of the transformer T1. The transformer T1 is a step-down transformer and has a primary winding and a 2
The turn ratio of the secondary winding depends on the high voltage of the commercial power source Vs and the secondary battery EB.
Is set to step down to a low voltage suitable for charging. The positive electrode of the DC output terminal of the diode bridge DB is connected to one end of the current limiting resistor R1, and is also connected to the anode of the diode D1 and the cathode of the zener diode ZD1. The other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q10. The collector of the transistor Q10 is connected to the anode of the diode D6. The cathode of the diode D6 is connected to the positive electrode of the secondary battery EB. The negative electrode of the secondary battery EB is connected to the negative electrode of the DC output terminal of the diode bridge DB. The secondary battery EB is, for example, a nickel hydrogen battery.
In the following description, the negative electrode of the secondary battery EB will be called a ground line.

The base of the transistor Q10 is a resistor R20.
Is connected to one end of. The other end of the resistor R20 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q9. Transistor Q
The emitter of 9 is connected to the ground line. One end of a resistor R29 is connected to the base of the transistor Q9, and a resistor R19 is connected in parallel between the base and the emitter.

To the positive electrode of the secondary battery EB, one end of the lamp La is connected and the emitters of the transistors Q4 and Q5 are connected. The other end of the lamp La is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2. Transistor Q2
The emitter of is connected to the ground line. One end of the resistor R3 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2, and the resistor R12 is connected in parallel between the base and the emitter. The other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q4. One end of a resistor R8 is connected to the base of the transistor Q4, and a resistor R14 is connected in parallel between the base and the emitter. One end of a resistor R10 is connected to the base of the transistor Q5, and a resistor R15 is connected in parallel between the base and the emitter. The other end of the resistor R10 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q8. The emitter of the transistor Q8 is connected to the ground line. One end of a resistor R28 is connected to the base of the transistor Q8, and a resistor R18 is connected in parallel between the base and the emitter.

The collector of the transistor Q5 is connected to the anode of the diode D7. Diodes D1 and D
Each cathode of 7 is connected to one end of the capacitor C1. The other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the ground line. The one end of the capacitor C1 is connected to one end of the capacitor C2 via the three-terminal regulator IC1. The other end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the ground line. The three-terminal regulator IC1 makes the voltage of the capacitor C1 constant and charges the capacitor C2. The positive electrode of the capacitor C2 is connected to the power supply terminal (Vcc) of the microcomputer IC2, and the negative electrode is connected to the ground terminal (GND) of the microcomputer IC2. Hereinafter, the positive electrode of the capacitor C2 will be referred to as a control power supply line.

An external crystal oscillator X is connected between the terminals XIN and XOUT of the microcomputer IC2 and the ground terminal GND. The battery voltage port (input terminal for battery voltage detection) of the microcomputer IC2 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q5 and the anode of the diode D7, and when the transistor Q5 is on, the secondary battery EB is connected.
The voltage of can be monitored by the microcomputer IC2.

The power failure port (input terminal for power failure detection) of the microcomputer IC2 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q1. The collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the control power supply line via the pull-up resistor R21. The emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected to the ground line. A resistor R11 is connected in parallel between the base and emitter of the transistor Q1. Transistor Q
One end of the resistor R2 is connected to the base of 1, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the anode of the Zener diode ZD1 described above.

The charging port (output terminal for charging control) of the microcomputer IC2 is connected to one end of the resistor R37,
The other end of the resistor R37 is connected to the base of the transistor Q7. The emitter of the transistor Q7 is connected to the control power line. A resistor R17 is connected in parallel between the base and emitter of the transistor Q7. One end of a resistor R27 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q7. The other end of the resistor R27 is connected to the other end of the resistor R29 described above.

The over-discharge port (output terminal for preventing over-discharge) of the microcomputer IC2 is connected to one end of the resistor R26, and the other end of the resistor R26 is connected to the base of the transistor Q6. A resistor R16 is connected in parallel between the base and the emitter of the transistor Q6, the emitter is connected to the control power supply line, and the collector is connected to the other end of the resistor R28.

The discharge port (output terminal for discharge control) of the microcomputer IC2 is connected to the base of the transistor Q3. The base of the transistor Q3 is controlled by the control power supply line via the pull-up resistor R23, and the resistor R13 is connected in parallel between the base and the emitter.
The emitter of the transistor Q3 is connected to the ground line, and the collector is connected to the other end of the resistor R8.

The operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 5 will be described below. When the commercial power source Vs is energized, the capacitor C1 is charged through the diode D1 and the three-terminal regulator IC1
A stable DC voltage is obtained in the capacitor C2 via
Power is supplied to the microcomputer IC2, and the microcomputer IC2 is activated. At this time, since the Zener diode ZD1 is turned on and the transistor Q1 is turned on, the power failure port of the microcomputer IC2 becomes LOW. This enables the microcomputer IC2
Determines that the power is on and sets the charging port to LOW,
Also, the overdischarge port is set to LOW. Since the commercial power supply Vs is energized, the discharge port becomes LOW and the transistor Q3
Is turned off, the transistors Q4 and Q2 are also turned off, and no discharge is performed. If the charging port is LOW, the resistance R37
Since the base current flows through the transistor Q7 via the transistor Q7, the transistor Q7 is turned on. Therefore, the capacitor C2
The base current of the transistor Q9 flows from the positive electrode of the transistor Q7, the resistors R27 and R29, the base / emitter of the transistor Q9, the ground line, and the negative electrode of the capacitor C2 to turn on the transistor Q9 and turn on the transistor Q10. The secondary battery EB is charged through the resistor R1 and the diode D6. (Note that turning on / off the transistor Q10 is done by the microcomputer IC2.
Is controlled by the built-in timer of the transistor Q10, and the transistor Q10 is turned on for the initial charge during the time T0 during the initial charging, and then the transistor Q10 is turned off for the time T2 without charging for the time T2. After the lapse of time, the transistor Q10 is turned on again to perform supplemental charging for T3 time. After that, a so-called intermittent charging method is used in which charging suspension and supplementary charging are alternately performed. )

Since the overdischarge port is LOW,
Since the base current flows through the transistor Q6 via the resistor R26, the transistor Q6 is turned on. Therefore, from the positive electrode of the capacitor C2 to the transistor Q6, the resistor R28,
The base current of the transistor Q8 flows between the base and emitter of the transistor Q8, the ground line, and the negative electrode of the capacitor C2, and the transistor Q8 is turned on. As a result, the base current of the transistor Q5 flows from the positive electrode of the secondary battery EB to the emitter / base of the transistor Q5, the resistor R10, the transistor Q8, and the negative electrode of the secondary battery EB to turn on the transistor Q5. Therefore, at the time of subsequent power failure, power can be supplied to the microcomputer IC2 through the transistor Q5 and the diode D7.

Next, the operation at the time of power failure will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. When a power failure occurs, the Zener diode ZD1 is turned off and the transistor Q1 is turned off, so that the power failure port of the microcomputer IC2 becomes HIGH and it is determined that there is a power failure. When a power failure occurs, the charging port becomes HIGH, the transistors Q7, Q9, Q10 are turned off and charging is stopped. Further, the discharge port becomes HIGH, the transistors Q3, Q4, Q2 are turned on, and the discharge is performed. When the battery voltage drops below a certain time (V1) due to continuous discharge, the discharge port goes low.
It becomes W, the transistors Q3, Q4, Q2 are turned off, and the main discharge to the lamp La is stopped. At the same time microcomputer IC2
The timer starts to be counted within. When the time measured by the timer exceeds a predetermined time, the overdischarge port is inverted and becomes HIGH, and the transistors Q6, Q8, Q5
Is turned off, the discharge from the secondary battery EB is completely stopped, and the dischargeable state is similarly reset. When the power is supplied again, the microcomputer IC2 is activated and set to the dischargeable state as described above.

As described above, in the second embodiment, the battery is not discharged even if the battery is connected in a power failure state until the commercial power source is energized. Even if the battery is connected and left as it is for a long time, it will not be discharged. Also, even if the battery is left for a long time in a power failure after being energized once, the timer does not discharge the battery for a certain time or more, and the minute current consumption that maintains the circuit operation that is not the main discharge that turns on the lamp. Also, since the discharge is interrupted, the capacity of the battery does not decrease even after a long period of time, so that the battery is not over-discharged and the battery does not deteriorate. In addition, when actually used, the power supply is energized to set the dischargeable state, and it is possible to discharge even in the event of a power failure, so that the original function as an emergency light / guide light can be satisfied.

(Third Embodiment) FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.
It is a circuit diagram of. The circuit configuration will be described below. The commercial power supply Vs is connected to the primary winding of the transformer T1. An AC input terminal of a diode bridge DB is connected to the secondary winding of the transformer T1. Transformer T1
Is a step-down transformer, and the turn ratio between the primary winding and the secondary winding is set to step down the high voltage of the commercial power source Vs to a low voltage suitable for charging the secondary battery EB. The positive electrode of the DC output terminal of the diode bridge DB is a resistor R for current limiting.
1 is connected to the positive electrode of the secondary battery EB. The negative electrode of the secondary battery EB is connected to the negative electrode of the DC output terminal of the diode bridge DB. The negative electrode of the secondary battery EB is the ground (GND). The secondary battery EB is, for example, a nickel hydrogen battery.

The anodes of the diodes D1 and D2 are connected to one end of the secondary winding of the transformer T1. The cathode of the diode D1 is connected to one end of the capacitor C1, and the cathode of the diode D2 is connected to one end of the capacitor C2. The other ends of the capacitors C1 and C2 are connected to the negative electrode of the secondary battery EB. Capacitor C
A resistor R4 for discharging electric charge is connected in parallel to both ends of 1. The one end (positive electrode side) of the capacitor C1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1 via the Zener diode ZD1 and the resistor R2. The emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected to the negative electrode of the secondary battery EB. The collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2.

A transistor Q4 is provided at the positive electrode of the secondary battery EB.
The emitters of are connected. The base of the transistor Q4 is connected to one end of the resistor R8. The other end of the resistor R8 is connected to the open collector output of the comparator CP1. The collector of the transistor Q4 is connected to the anode of the diode D6. The cathode of the diode D6 is connected to the cathode of the diode D2, the positive electrode of the capacitor C2, and one ends of the resistors R3, R5, and R7. The other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2 and the collector of the transistor Q1. Transistor Q2
Is connected to the negative electrode of the secondary battery EB. The collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to one end of the lamp La, and the other end of the lamp La is connected to the positive electrode of the secondary battery EB.

The capacitor C2 serves as a power source for the comparator CP1. That is, the positive electrode of the capacitor C2 (cathode side of the diodes D2 and D6) is connected to the power supply terminal of the comparator CP1, and the negative electrode of the capacitor C2 is connected to the comparator CP.
1 is connected to the ground terminal. The other end of the resistor R5 is connected to one end of the resistor R6, and the-
It is connected to the side input terminal. The other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor C2. The other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode ZD2 and also to the + side input terminal of the comparator CP1. The anode of the Zener diode ZD2 is connected to the negative electrode of the secondary battery EB. For the Zener voltage of the Zener diode ZD2, the voltage of the secondary battery EB at the normal time is set to the resistors R5 and R.
It is set lower than the voltage divided by 6. Capacitor C2 via diode D2 when the commercial power source Vs is energized
When the output voltage of the transformer T1 is charged to the power source, or when the transistor Q4 is turned on at the time of a power failure and the output voltage of the secondary battery EB is charged to the capacitor C2 via the diode D6, the zener diode ZD2 has a zener diode across the zener diode ZD2. A reference voltage corresponding to the voltage is generated and input as a reference voltage to the + side input terminal of the comparator CP1. Also, the comparator C
The voltage of the secondary battery EB is applied to the resistor R at the negative input terminal of P1.
The voltage divided by 5 and R6 is applied as a detection value.

The operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 7 will be described below. Rechargeable battery E with commercial power supply Vs not energized
Even if B is connected, the base current cannot be supplied to the transistor Q2 because the transistor Q4 is off, so the secondary battery EB is not discharged.

When the commercial power source Vs is energized, a voltage is generated at the output of the transformer T1, half-wave rectified by the diode D2, and smoothed by the capacitor C2. Since the voltage of the DC power supply is the charging voltage, it is set to a voltage higher than the battery voltage in most cases. Therefore, the output of the comparator CP1 becomes LOW, and the transistor Q4 is turned on to enable the discharge. However, since the transistor Q1 is on, the transistor Q2 is off and the secondary battery EB is not discharged.

When the commercial power supply Vs drops and goes into a power failure state, the power supply from the diode D2 is lost, but since the transistor Q4 is on, the comparator CP1 operates if the battery voltage is equal to or higher than the overdischarge prevention voltage. In this state, the output remains LOW, the transistor Q4 continues to be turned on, and when the transistor Q1 is turned off, the base current is supplied from the secondary battery EB to the transistor Q2 and the secondary battery EB is discharged. Be started.

When the battery voltage drops after discharge and falls below a predetermined voltage, the output of the comparator CP1 is inverted
Since it becomes H, the transistor Q4 is turned off, and the base current is not supplied to the transistor Q2.
2 is turned off, the lamp La is turned off, and the discharge is stopped. At the same time, the discharge from the secondary battery EB to the comparator CP1 and the like is stopped, so that the discharge current is completely cut off. The predetermined voltage is set to about 0.8 to 1.0 V / cell.

(Fourth Embodiment) FIG. 8 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Shows the operation of. The circuit configuration is the same as that of FIG. 5, except that the flow chart of the microcomputer IC2 at the time of power failure is changed as shown in FIG. When the battery voltage drops, the specified voltage (V
1) In the following cases, the over-discharge port becomes HIGH, the transistors Q6, Q8, Q5 are turned off and the power supply to the microcomputer IC2 and the drive power supply for the transistor Q3 are lost.
The transistor Q3 is turned off, the transistors Q4 and Q2 are also turned off, the lamp La is turned off, and the main discharge is stopped. At the same time, the transistor Q5 is off, so the microcomputer IC2
The slight discharge to the battery is also stopped, and the discharge from the secondary battery EB is completely stopped.

As described above, in Embodiments 3 and 4, the battery is not discharged even if the battery is connected in a power failure state until the commercial power source is energized. Even if the battery is connected and left as it is for a long time, it will not be discharged. Further, even if the battery is left in a power failure state for a long time after being energized once, when the battery voltage is below a certain voltage, that is, the discharge capacity is above a certain level, the discharge is completely stopped to prevent the battery from being over-discharged. In addition, because a minute discharge current that maintains the circuit operation that is not the main discharge such as lighting the lamp is also cut off, the battery capacity does not decrease over a long period of time and the overdischarge state does not occur. Does not occur. When actually used, the power supply is energized to set the dischargeable state, so it is possible to discharge even in the event of a power failure, and the original function as an emergency light / guide light can be satisfied.

Further, the capacity of the secondary battery is indirectly monitored by monitoring the voltage of the secondary battery, and the battery is caused by the variation in the lighting time caused by the variation in the battery and the variation in the discharge time due to the temperature characteristic. It is possible to share the lighting device because it is possible to prevent over-discharging of the lighting device and at the same time it is not necessary to set the time according to the device.

(Fifth Embodiment) FIG. 9 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
It is a circuit diagram of. In this embodiment, the configuration of the circuit for transmitting a signal from the output of the comparator CP1 to the base of the transistor Q4 is different from that of the embodiment of FIG. The output of the comparator CP1 is connected to one end of each of the resistors r4 and r5 and also to the base of the transistor Q16. The other end of the resistor r4 is connected to the positive electrode of the secondary battery EB. The other end of the resistor r5 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q17 and is also connected to one end of the resistor r7. Transistor Q
The emitter of 16 is connected to the negative electrode of the secondary battery EB, and the collector is connected to one end of the resistor r6. The other end of the resistor r6 is connected to the base of the transistor Q17. The emitter of the transistor Q17 is connected to the positive electrode of the secondary battery EB, and the resistance r is provided between the base and the emitter.
3 are connected in parallel. The other end of the resistor r7 is connected to the base of the transistor Q15. Transistor Q1
The collector of 5 is connected to one end of the resistor r8 and also to the base of the transistor Q3. The other end of the resistor r8 is connected to the positive electrode of the secondary battery EB. The emitters of the transistors Q3 and Q15 are connected to the negative electrode of the secondary battery EB. The collector of the transistor Q3 is connected to one end of the resistor R8. The other end of the resistor R8 is connected to the base of the transistor Q4. Other configurations are similar to those of the circuit of FIG.

In the first to fourth embodiments, the dischargeable state is achieved only by energizing the commercial power source Vs, but in the present embodiment, the dischargeable state can be achieved even when the secondary battery EB is detached. Compared to FIG. 7, transistors Q16 and Q1
7, a latch circuit including resistors r5, r6 and the like is added, and the output transistor Q15 of the latch circuit drives the transistors Q3, Q4. Specifically, when the secondary battery EB is connected, a base current flows through the transistor Q3 by the resistor r8, turning on the transistor Q3 and turning on the transistor Q4. When the transistor Q4 is turned on, the Zener voltage of the Zener diode ZD2 and the voltage division ratio of the resistors R5 and R6 are set so that the − side input terminal of the comparator CP1 becomes higher than the voltage of the + side input terminal.
The output of the comparator CP1 is inverted and becomes LOW. As a result, the transistors Q16, Q17, Q15 are kept off and the transistors Q3, Q4 are kept on to enable discharging. Similarly, even when the commercial power supply Vs is energized, the power supply of the comparator CP1 is secured via the diode D2, and the output of the comparator CP1 becomes LOW and the transistors Q16, Q
17 is turned off, the transistor Q15 is turned off, and the transistors Q3 and Q4 continue to be turned on so that discharging is possible.

When a power failure occurs, discharge is started, the battery voltage drops, and the battery voltage falls below a predetermined voltage, the comparator CP
The output of 1 is inverted and becomes HIGH, and the base current is supplied to the transistor Q16 via the resistor r4. Therefore, the transistors Q16, Q17 and Q15 are turned on and the transistors Q3 and Q4 are turned off.
Turns off and the discharge stops. At the same time, the discharge from the secondary battery EB to the over-discharge prevention circuit (comparator CP1, etc.) is also stopped, and the discharge from the battery is only the current for driving the transistors Q15, Q16, Q17. If the secondary battery EB is removed in that state, the drive current sources for the transistors Q15, Q16, Q17 are lost, so the transistors Q15, Q16, Q1 are removed.
7 turns off. When the battery is connected again, the transistor Q4 is turned on and discharge becomes possible as in the case where the battery is connected. Transistors Q15, Q16, Q1
When MOSFET 7 is used instead of the bipolar transistor, the drive current can be reduced to about several μA. Similarly, a timer may be provided.

As described above, in this embodiment,
Since the same effect as 4 can be obtained and it is possible to shift to the dischargeable state by detaching the battery at the time of power failure,
Even when the battery is exchanged before being energized after being left for a long time, there is an effect that the battery can be discharged for a necessary discharging time if the battery is sufficiently charged.

[0053]

As described above, according to the present invention, in an emergency lighting device in which the secondary battery is constantly charged and the lamp is turned on by using the secondary battery as a power source in an emergency, such as during construction. It is possible to prevent the battery from continuing the over-discharged state when the battery is connected in a non-energized state and left for a long time. That is, according to the first and second aspects of the invention, when the commercial power supply is not energized, the discharge is prohibited, no discharge occurs even if the battery is connected, and the commercial power supply is once ready to be discharged. Then, even if a power failure occurs again for a long period of time, the secondary battery returns to the discharge prohibited state after a lapse of a predetermined time, so that the secondary battery is not over-discharged and the secondary battery does not deteriorate.

Further, according to the inventions of claims 3 and 4, the capacity of the secondary battery is indirectly monitored by further monitoring the voltage of the secondary battery. It is possible to prevent over-discharge of the battery due to variations in lighting time caused by changes in discharge time, and at the same time, it is possible to share lighting devices in that it is not necessary to set the time according to the fixture. is there. Therefore, the same effects as those of the first and second aspects of the present invention can be obtained, and by sharing the circuit, the circuit can be downsized and the cost can be reduced.

According to the invention of claim 5, the same effects as those of the inventions of claims 1 to 4 are obtained, and at the time of power failure, it is possible to shift to a dischargeable state by detaching the battery, so that it is left for a long time. Even when the battery is exchanged before the energization after performing the above, there is an effect that the battery can be discharged for a necessary discharging time if the battery is sufficiently charged.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a timer circuit used in the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a modified example of the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of another modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a third embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of Conventional Example 1.

FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram showing a detailed configuration of Conventional Example 1.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a second conventional example.

FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram showing a detailed configuration of Conventional Example 2.

[Explanation of symbols]

Vs Commercial power supply T1 step-down transformer EB secondary battery Q4 transistor La lamp

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Nishino             1048, Kadoma, Kadoma-shi, Osaka Matsushita Electric Works             Within the corporation F term (reference) 3K082 AA17 AA34 BA02 BD03 BD15                       BD28 BD32 BD37 CA37 EA02                       EA08

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A step-down circuit for stepping down commercial power, a secondary battery charged by the output of the step-down circuit, a lighting circuit for turning on a lamp using the secondary battery as a power source when the commercial power fails, and an emergency lamp including a lamp. In the lighting device for a vehicle, an energization detection circuit for detecting energization of a commercial power source is provided, and a switch is provided between the secondary battery and the lighting circuit, and when energization is detected, the switch is closed and the lighting circuit is in an operable state. An emergency lighting device characterized in that the lighting circuit becomes inoperable after a lapse of a predetermined time after a power failure. 2. The emergency according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined time is 30 minutes or more for the emergency light, 25 minutes or more for the guide light, and 75 minutes or more for the long-time emergency light / guide light. Lighting equipment. 3. A step-down circuit for stepping down commercial power, a secondary battery charged by the output of the step-down circuit, a lighting circuit for turning on a lamp using the secondary battery as a power source when the commercial power fails, and a lamp for lighting. In the device, an energization detection circuit for detecting energization of the commercial power source is provided, and a switch is provided between the secondary battery and the lighting circuit, and when energization is detected, the switch is closed and the lighting circuit becomes operable, and a power failure occurs. An emergency lighting device characterized in that the lighting circuit becomes inoperable when the rear battery voltage falls below a predetermined voltage. 4. The emergency lighting device according to claim 3, wherein the predetermined battery voltage is 0.8 V to 1.0 V per cell. 5. The emergency lighting device according to claim 1, wherein when the lighting circuit is inoperable, the secondary battery is put in and taken out to be in a dischargeable state. 6. The emergency lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the secondary battery is a nickel hydrogen battery.