JP2003192143A - Method for housing long article into container - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To develop a method for housing long articles having a shape that the length of an end face is substantially one half or under of the length of a side face into a container by using a forklift for general use. <P>SOLUTION: One end face 5 side of a long article 2 is placed on a truck 13, a fork 9 of the forklift 8 is inserted from the other end face 6 of the long article 2, and the other end face 6 side of the long article is lifted by raising the fork 9. Since the truck 13 moves following the forklift when the forklift 8 advances, the long article 2 can easily be moved in the longitudinal direction of the long article 2, and the long article 2 can be housed into the container 1 with the longitudinal direction of the container 1 and the longitudinal direction of the long article 2 arranged to each other. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for forming a long object into a container, the length of which is approximately half or less of the length of the side surface. Containment method. 2. Description of the Related Art The most efficient method of transporting cargo is selected in consideration of various conditions such as its form and transport distance. For example, when transporting crude oil from overseas, a large tanker is used. When transporting small packages used in the country, mobile trucks are mainly used. When transporting industrial products and foodstuffs internationally, containers are the mainstream, and containers are packed in containers at the shipping destination, sealed and then transported to ports with trailers. It is transported, where it is transferred to a container ship and crosses the sea. Transporting using containers has many advantages, such as converting various forms of luggage into a unified form of containers, which simplifies cargo handling on the way. [0003] The work of storing luggage in a container is performed in a place having dedicated facilities such as a cargo terminal, and the container placed on a trailer chassis for land transportation is
It is detained adjacent to the building, and a ramp is passed between the inside of the container and the building, so that it is easy to move between the two. When storing luggage in a container, it is possible to do it manually if it is lightweight, but usually a plate called a pallet and a forklift are used. Note that the pallet has an opening for inserting a fork on a side surface in order to lift and carry the pallet with a forklift. In addition, large-sized luggage, for which pallets are difficult to use, may be carried directly by a forklift, or may be equipped with wheels on the bottom of the luggage and stored in a container while traveling on its own. [0004] There are a plurality of standards for containers, such as those for aircraft and railways. Containers used for international transportation using container ships are mainly called marine containers specified by ISO standards. It is. The most commonly used type of marine container is a 20-foot container or a 40-foot container, of which a 20-foot container is 2.5 m high, 2.5 m wide,
6m long and 40ft container is 12m long
Others are the same in m. The doors used for loading and unloading luggage are provided only on one of the wives. [0005] In the case of storing luggage having a length of 2.8 m, a width of 1 m, and a height of 2 m in a 20-foot container, the longitudinal direction of the container and the longitudinal direction of the luggage should be aligned. , Two rows in the longitudinal direction of the container and two rows in the same width direction can accommodate a total of four containers. However, when a forklift having a fork length of about 1 m is used to store luggage, the following problem occurs. The luggage listed here has a wife side (width 1m) against the side (length 2.8m).
Has a length of about one third, and is a form generally called a long object. Even if you can transport without any problem if you insert a fork from near the center of the side of this baggage,
When a fork is inserted from the side of the wife, it is impossible to lift the load because the center of gravity of the load does not rest on the fork. When storing this luggage inside the door of the container wife, it is necessary to align the longitudinal direction of the baggage with the longitudinal direction of the container and insert a fork from the wife side of the baggage. Unable to use forklift for reasons. As a countermeasure against the above problem, it is conceivable to use a large forklift having a longer fork.
In this case, the forklift cannot pass through the inside of the container due to an increase in height, and cannot be carried to the back. Forklifts for carrying luggage into containers are of reduced height. Therefore, there is a method of reducing the shape of the luggage so that it can be transported by a forklift.However, in this case, the empty space may increase and the transportation efficiency may be deteriorated. Many. In addition, there is a method of installing wheels and a file board under the luggage and self-propelling and storing it in the container, but the space for the wheels is wasted, and it is difficult to collect the wheels after transportation, it is disposable and the cost becomes expensive Also increase. Conventionally, therefore, a method has been adopted in which a container called an open-top container whose ceiling can be opened is used to lift a load with a crane and store it from above the container. However, open top containers have a number of problems, such as high distribution fees, long delivery times, and the need to secure crane trucks each time, due to the small number of circulations. The present invention has been developed on the basis of such circumstances. A general-purpose forklift is used to manufacture a long object whose shape is about half or less the length of the side surface with respect to the length of the side surface. The purpose is to provide a method of storing in a container. [0009] To accommodate a long object of about 2.8 m in side length and about 1 m in length of the end face in a marine container, a fork length of about 1 m is small. When a forklift is used, it can be transported without any problem if a fork is inserted from the vicinity of the center of the long side of the long object. However, if the fork is inserted from the wife's side, the transport is impossible as described above. However, when accommodating a long object into the interior of the container from the door, it is necessary to align the longitudinal direction of the long object with the longitudinal direction of the container, and then insert a fork from the end surface of the long object. Therefore, as in the invention as set forth in claim 1, one of the long sides of the long object is placed on a trolley, and a fork of a forklift is inserted from the other end of the long object, and the fork is lifted to raise the long object. This problem can be solved by using a method of moving the forklift forward after lifting the other wrist side. When the fork of a forklift is inserted from the wife of a long object, usually only one side of the long object is separated from the floor surface even when the fork is lifted, and the other wife surface maintains contact with the floor surface. Can not be moved.
However, if the other wrist surface is placed on a truck with wheels, the long object will be supported only by the forklift and the truck, and if the truck follows the movement of the forklift, the long object will move. Becomes possible. In this way, when one end of the long object is placed on the trolley and the other end of the long object is supported by the forklift, the load applied to the fork is about half of the weight of the long object. There is no problem during transportation. The cart is equipped with wheels for freely moving on the floor surface, and can carry a load such as a long object on the upper surface thereof, and is moved by a horizontal force applied from the outside. Naturally, the movable direction is one-dimensional due to the nature of the wheels.
The size of the bogie is not limited, and the height should be kept as low as possible. However, if the wheel diameter is small, a low step may hinder the traveling, so that it is usually about 10 cm. In addition, if a long object is supported by only one carriage, it may be easy to fall down in the side direction. Therefore, it is common to arrange two or more units to support both sides. [0012] The door of the container held at the cargo terminal is opened, a ramp is passed between the building and the building, and when loading becomes possible at any time, a cart is placed on the floor in front of the opening of the container. I do. The cart is used to carry a long object and move it to a predetermined position in the container. However, the position to arrange the long object needs to be sufficiently studied so that the long object can be stably supported. When the placement of the cart is completed, insert the fork from the side of the long object, move it to the vicinity of the container, change the direction so that the longitudinal direction of the long object and the longitudinal direction of the container are parallel, and then Fine-tune the position so that one side of the object (closer to the container) is directly above the cart. Thereafter, when the fork is lowered, the long object is placed on the cart. After placing the long object on the carriage, the forklift turns again to insert a fork from the end surface of the long object (this time, far from the container). Then, when this wife's face is lifted, the long object is supported only by the bogie and the forklift, and can be easily moved by moving the forklift forward. Since the fork is inserted into the long side of the long object (the side farther from the container), an opening for receiving the fork in the long object is required.
However, when this opening cannot be provided, when placing a long object on the cart, two blocks are placed around the wife surface far from the container, and the cart and the block support the long object. Thus, a space for inserting a fork between the floor and the long object can be secured. Next, when the forklift is advanced,
First, the truck passes through the ramp and enters the container, and then the forklift also enters the container, and reaches a predetermined position for storing a long object. After this, it is necessary to collect the bogie and remove the fork, and this method is not particularly limited.However, for collecting the bogie, there is a method in which an operator enters the container and lifts and pulls out a long object with a hydraulic jack, or there is a bogie There is a method in which a block is placed under the wife's side, the fork is lifted, the long object is inclined, and the long object is supported by the block to release the carriage and pull out. The method described later is often used when there is no space for a worker to pass through, and the truck is arranged at a position closer to the center from the wife surface so that it can be easily collected. In addition, if a rope is tied to the carriage in advance, it is possible to draw from a remote place. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows the shape of a long object 2 accommodated in a container 1, in which six 2.7m long round bars produced in a factory are put together. Packed. In order to prevent collapse during transportation, a wooden frame 3 surrounds the round bar.
Are arranged and are firmly connected to the base 4. In addition, under the base 4, taking into account the transportation by the forklift 8,
A number of square wooden blocks 14 are arranged on the floor 11, which are not connected to the base 4 and separate when the long object 2 is lifted. The wooden frame 3 and the base 4 are included in the long object 2 and have a length of 2.8 m in the longitudinal direction, a width of 1 m in the width direction, and a height of 2 m in the width direction. However, in the figure, the scale is changed for each direction for the sake of drawing. FIG. 2 shows a stage before the long object 2 is accommodated in the container 1.
Is a standard marine container, called a 20-foot container, with the door on its side open and an opening 10 exposed. The floor 11 of the cargo terminal and the floor of the container 1 have substantially the same height, and a ramp 12 is passed between the two, so that movement between them can be performed smoothly. In the forklift 8, the fork 9 is inserted from the side surface 7 of the long object 2, and in this state, the center of gravity of the long object 2 rests on the fork 9, so that the forklift 8 can be transported without any problem. In FIG. 2, two carts 13 and two blocks 14 extend from the opening 10 of the container 1 to the floor 1.
These are required for storing the long object 2 in the container 1 and need to be arranged in a predetermined place by an operator in advance. The carriage 13 has rigid wheels made of urethane, and can be moved without any problem even if a heavy object is placed on the upper part. In addition, the wooden block 14 needs to have a strength that can withstand even when the long object 2 is placed thereon.
The long object 2 is transported by the forklift 8 to the position shown by the dotted line in the figure, and thereafter the fork 9 is lowered. FIGS. 3A and 3B show a state immediately before the fork 9 is lowered. FIG. 3A is a state viewed from the side surface 7 of the long object 2 (the side opposite to the forklift 8), and FIG. The positional relationship between the long object 2 and the trolley 13 is shown in the state viewed from the wife surface 5 on the left side of the object 2, and (c) is a long object viewed from the right wife surface 6 of the long object 2. 2 shows the positional relationship between 2 and the block 14. As shown in these figures, the long object 2 is supported by the carriage 13 on the left side and supported by the block 14 on the right side. Therefore, even after the fork 9 is lowered and extracted, there is no risk of falling or tilting. Is temporarily separated from the long object 2 in preparation for the next operation. The dotted line shown in FIG.
And a space for inserting the fork 9 is required between the two blocks 14. FIG. 4 shows a state in which the long object starts to be moved into the container 1. The forklift 8 makes a change in direction and moves to the extension of the right end face 6 of the long object 2. As shown in this figure, the container 1 is mounted on a trailer chassis 15 in preparation for land transportation. The forklift 8 lowers the fork 9 and inserts it between the two blocks 14. Thereafter, when the fork 9 is raised, the right wife surface 6 is lifted and the block 14 is released, and the worker removes it. Next, after adjusting the height of the fork 9 so that the long object 2 becomes horizontal, when the forklift 8 is moved forward, the bogie 13 also starts to move. FIG. 5 shows a state in which the long object 2 is accommodated in the container 1, and the left wedge surface 5 of the long object 2 passes through a ramp 12 between the container 1 and the floor surface 11. This is the stage to start. Although the length of the long object 2 is increased by the amount of the trolley 13, it does not contact the ceiling of the container 1,
The forklift 8 is also small and can enter the container 1. When the long object 2 reaches a predetermined position in the container 1, it is necessary to collect the carriage 13, and an example of this working method is shown in FIG. Blocks 14 that are lower than the height of the trolley 13 are arranged in advance in the container 1, and the left wife surface 5 of the long object 2 is moved on the blocks 14. At this point, the long object 2 and the block 14 are separated from each other.
Is lifted, the long object 2 comes into contact with the block 14, and a load starts to act on this contact. Therefore trolley 1
Since 3 is free from the long object 2 and can move freely, it can be collected with a stick or a rope. In order to remove the fork 9, a block 14 indicated by a dotted line is also placed on the right wife surface 6.
Supported by 4 only. The block 14 is shipped together with the long object 2 without being collected. FIG. 7 shows the use of the present invention in a container 1.
The state which accommodated four long objects 2 is shown. By using the small forklift 8, the range in which the long object 2 can be moved is wide, so that the long object 2 can be accommodated by approaching the container 1 wall surface. According to the first aspect of the present invention, since a long object can be easily moved in the longitudinal direction by a forklift, an arbitrary place in a standard marine container having a door on only one of its wives. These can be accommodated. As a result, the limited space inside the container can be used efficiently, no special equipment is required, and when moving long objects, there is no significant change other than increasing the height by the cart. The risk of damage to the luggage is small, and the workability and safety are excellent. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is applicable not only to marine containers but also to loading of long objects on a truck bed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows an example of the shape of a long object accommodated in a container (a), (b), and (c). Six round bars indicated by oblique lines are integrated by packing. Has been (A) is a plan view,
(B) is a view from the side, and (c) is a view from the wife. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a stage before a long object is accommodated in a container, and shows an arrangement of carts and blocks used in the present invention. 3 (a), (b), and (c) are views showing a state immediately before a long object is placed on a cart and a block. FIG. 3 (a) is a view from the side of the long object, and FIG. It is the figure seen from the left-hand side of the long object, and (c) is the figure seen from the right-hand side of the long object. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a state in which a long object starts to be moved into a container. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state in which a long object is being housed in a container. FIG. 6 is a view showing an operation method for collecting a cart after a long object is stored in a predetermined position in a container. FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams showing a state in which four long objects are accommodated in a container. FIG. 7A is a view from the side of the container, and FIG. FIG. [Description of Signs] 1 Container 2 Long object 3 Wooden frame 4 Base 5 Wife face (left side) 6 Wife face (right side) 7 Side 8 Forklift 9 Fork 10 Opening 11 Floor 12 Trap 13 Truck 14 Block 15 Trailer chassis

   ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page    (72) Inventor Toru Yakura             430 Nishi-osawa, Osawano-cho, Kamishinagawa-gun, Toyama             Company Morohoshi Freightage Toyama Logistics             In the box center F term (reference) 3F076 AA04 BA05 CA01 CA04 CA07                       DA01 DB11 DB20 EA04 FA08                       GA06

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. The one end surface (5) of a long object (2) is placed on a carriage (13) and the other end surface (6) of the long object (2) is placed on the carriage (13). This is performed by inserting the fork (9) of the forklift (8), lifting the other end surface (6) of the long object (2) by raising the fork (9), and then moving the forklift (8) forward. A method for storing the long object (2) in the container (1).