JP2003190263A - Solid deodorizer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solid deodorizer, capable of absorbing harmful gas or malodor component gas containing acid gas such as sulfur-containing gas such as hydrogen sulfide, thioalcohols and SO<SB>x</SB>, and NO<SB>x</SB>, nitric acid gas, nitrous acid gas, acetic acid gas, and hydrochloric acid gas as a main component and efficiently deodorizing the same. <P>SOLUTION: This solid deodorizer has an excellent deodorizing performance and it contains carbonate of alkali metal or alkali earth metal, porous material and/or powder fiber, and a binder. The percentage content of the carbonate is 30 to 80 mass%, and the bulk specific gravity is 0.30 to 0.90 g/ml. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a solid deodorant,
In particular, sulfur-containing gases such as hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans, SOx; NOx, nitric acid gas, nitrous acid gas, acetic acid gas, hydrochloric acid gas, or mist containing them, particularly harmful gas or malodorous component containing acidic gas as a main component The present invention relates to a solid deodorant that can adsorb gas and efficiently deodorize.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As deodorants for various harmful gases and malodorous gases, deodorants utilizing physical adsorption of those gas components have been widely put into practical use, and activated carbon is the most widely used of these. However, the use of activated carbon is extremely limited because of its black color. On the other hand, mineral porous materials such as diatomaceous earth, perlite and vermiculite are almost white, and are not subject to restrictions in use due to their color, and although some deodorizing performance is exhibited, deodorizing performance is better than activated carbon. Is not so good that it cannot meet the demands of consumers.

Alkali metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate and alkaline earth metal carbonates such as calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate are essentially white,
It has also been confirmed that it reacts (neutralizes) with a sulfur-containing acidic gas such as hydrogen sulfide or mercaptan, a nitrogen-containing acidic gas such as nitrous acid, acetic acid gas, hydrogen chloride gas, etc. to deodorize.

However, since the above-mentioned alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonate powder is fine, it is extremely easy to scatter, and in order to prevent scattering, it is aggregated into coarse particles or processed into granules or pellets. Then, the specific surface area decreases and the original deodorizing performance cannot be exhibited. In addition, it is possible to prevent the dispersion of finely divided carbonates by filling the cylindrical member with finely divided carbonates, and sandwiching the front and rear with a filter material such as a non-woven fabric to allow the gas to be treated to pass therethrough. However, in that case, the finer the carbonate, the higher the ventilation resistance of the packed bed,
Satisfactory processing efficiency cannot be obtained. Although ventilation resistance can be suppressed by using coarse-grained carbonate, satisfactory deodorizing performance cannot be exhibited because the coarse-grained carbonate has a small specific surface area. For these reasons, carbonates of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals are relatively inexpensive and have some deodorizing performance, but have not been put to practical use as deodorants.

[0005]

The present invention pays attention to the above situation, and in particular, it is inexpensive and has an alkali metal or alkaline earth which is considered to have potentially excellent deodorizing performance against oxidizing gas. Effective use of metal carbonates, stable high level deodorizing performance without obstructing ventilation resistance, etc. In addition, it is essentially white and solid without any restrictions in terms of color. The issue was to provide a deodorant.

[0006]

The solid deodorant of the present invention, which has been able to solve the above problems, comprises an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonate, a porous substance and / or a powder fiber, and a binder. The content of the carbonate is 30 to 80% by mass, and the bulk specific gravity is 0.30 to 0.90.
It has a gist when it is g / ml.

The bulk specific gravity of the carbonate contained in the solid deodorant according to the present invention is preferably in the range of 0.6 to 0.8 g / ml, and the deodorant of the present invention is used as another component. It is also effective to include a lightweight aggregate having an average particle size of about 0.1 to 6 mm. This solid deodorant contains, for example, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans, sulfur-containing gases such as SOx; NOx, nitric acid gas, nitrous acid gas, acetic acid gas, hydrochloric acid gas, or mist containing them, particularly acidic gas as a main component. It is effectively used for deodorizing harmful gases and odorous component gases.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Under the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have removed a black deodorant such as activated carbon from a research object, and it is essentially white and can be colored in any color if necessary. Focusing on alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates, which are not restricted in terms of use due to their colored surface, improve their shortcomings and provide stable and excellent deodorizing performance without causing practical problems such as increased ventilation resistance. We have been conducting intensive research in anticipation of the development of solid deodorants that can be exerted.

As a result, as described above, an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonate (hereinafter sometimes referred to simply as a carbonate) is supported on the porous substance and / or the powder fiber through an appropriate amount of binder. It was found that what was molded or granulated into an arbitrary shape would exhibit excellent deodorizing performance not less than activated carbon, especially as a solid deodorizing agent for acidic gas, and based on these findings, the present invention was completed. did.

That is, the basic constitution of the solid deodorant according to the present invention comprises the carbonate, the porous substance and / or the powder fiber and the binder, the content of the carbonate is 30 to 80% by mass, and the bulk specific gravity is Powder in the range of 0.30 to 0.90 g / ml, or formed by granulating this into a granule or a pellet, and attaching (carrying) the carbonate to a porous substance or powder fiber via a binder. This makes it possible to effectively exert the deodorizing performance that the porous substance and the powdered fiber have, even though the amount thereof is small, and by adhering or supporting the carbonate in the form of fine powder, the large specific surface area of the carbonate can be effectively obtained. It is possible to provide an essentially white solid deodorant that exerts its excellent deodorizing performance against acidic gas while exhibiting its excellent deodorizing performance, and thereby exhibits deodorizing performance comparable to or superior to activated carbon.

Here, the carrying amount of the carbonate in the solid deodorant is set in the range of 30 to 80% by mass, when the carrying amount is less than 30% by mass. If it is not possible to obtain a satisfactory deodorizing ability with respect to acidic gas, and conversely the loading amount exceeds 80% by mass, the density as a solid deodorant increases and the deodorizing performance tends to decrease. Not only will it be as shown, but the moldability will also deteriorate. This is because, when the amount of the carrier is excessively large, the fine pores on the surface of the porous substance and the inter-fiber gaps of the powder fiber are densely filled with the fine carbonate powder, and the deodorizing effect which the porous substance and the powder fiber originally have. It is considered that not only is not exerted, but also most of the surface of the supported carbonate fine powder does not act as a deodorizing effective area, and the deodorizing performance as a whole is lowered. Considering these points, the preferable amount of the fine carbonate powder supported on the porous substance or the powder fiber is 30% by mass or more, more preferably 50% by mass or more,
It is 0% by mass or less, more preferably 70% by mass or less.

The solid deodorant of the present invention has a bulk specific gravity of 0.30 to 0.90 g / ml as a whole, more preferably 0.
It is preferably in the range of 40 to 0.60 g / ml, and when the bulk specific gravity is too small, the molded body becomes too bulky,
On the other hand, if the bulk specific gravity is too large, the consumption (use amount) as the solid deodorant increases, resulting in high cost, and any of them has a problem in practicality as the solid deodorant.

The above-mentioned porous material is an essentially white porous material having innumerable pores opened on the surface, and specific examples thereof include diatomaceous earth, perlite, vermiculite, lapilli, volcanic ash deposits, and pumice stone. , Expansive clay, expansive shale, etc. can be used alone, and if necessary, 2
It is also possible to use more than one species together. Among these, diatomaceous earth, perlite, and vermiculite, which are inexpensive and can be stably obtained with a stable degree of porosity, are particularly preferable.

These porous substances have an average particle diameter of 3 to 200 μm in order to effectively exhibit the function as a supporting material.
m, more preferably 10 to 60 μm and having a bulk specific gravity of 0.0
5 to 0.30 g / ml, more preferably 0.1 to 0.2
The range of g / ml is preferable, and if the bulk density is too large, the bulk density of the molded product or the granulated product also becomes large and the deodorizing performance tends to decrease. Conversely, if the bulk density is too small, Moldability deteriorates, and any of them has problems in practicality as a solid deodorant.

The powder fiber used in the present invention also basically has an infinite number of fiber gaps, which serve as adsorption sites for carbonates to carry or retain carbonates, and the fiber gaps themselves are oxidizable. It also functions as a gas adsorption site.
Examples of the powder fiber include plant fiber and mineral fiber, but cellulose powder such as pulp powder and sepiolite are particularly preferable in terms of economic efficiency and function as a carrier.

The alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonate used in the present invention preferably has a bulk specific gravity of 0.6 to 0.8 g / ml, more preferably 0.65.
˜0.75 g / ml. This carbonate basically consists only of carbonate, but of course it may contain a small amount of hydroxide or hydrogen carbonate depending on the production method.

The basic composition of the solid deodorant according to the present invention is:
The carbonate, the porous substance and / or the powdered fiber and the binder are those in which a fine carbonate powder is carried in the pores of the porous substance or in the fiber gaps of the powdered fiber. In some cases, a small amount of granulating agent or the like may be added depending on the mixing method or the manufacturing method.

That is, the lightweight aggregate exerts the effect of further reducing the weight of the solid deodorant of the present invention to improve its handling property, and enhancing the deodorizing performance by expanding the deodorizing effective surface area by reducing the bulk specific gravity. In addition, the lightweight aggregate is preferable because it also acts as a nucleating agent when it is processed into granules using, for example, a pan-type granulator, and exerts a function of making the particle size composition of the granulated product uniform. The lightweight aggregate preferably has an average particle size of 0.1 to 6 mm and a bulk specific gravity of 0.2 to 0.5 g /
ml, and specific examples are volcanic pebbles, shale,
Examples include natural products such as pumice, pearlite, and vermiculite, or those obtained by adjusting the particle size or firing them, hollow ceramic balloons such as fly ash, shirasu, and mullite, and glass-based foam aggregates. The blending amount of the lightweight aggregate is not particularly limited, but if the blending amount is too large, the content of the deodorizing active ingredient becomes relatively small and the deodorizing performance may be insufficient, so it is usually contained in the deodorant. It is desirable to control the ratio to 35% by mass or less, more preferably 25% by mass or less.

In addition to the above lightweight aggregate, it is also effective to use, as a nucleating material, mineral particles having a nucleating action and an average particle diameter of about 0.1 to 6 mm. Since the nucleating material is present in the center of the granulated product due to its function, it can be used without any problem even if it is a little colored, and therefore it is possible to use colored minerals such as obsidian and expansive mica. It is also possible to use. The amount of the nucleating agent used is preferably suppressed to about 20% by mass or less as a proportion of the total amount of the solid deodorant.

Further, in the present invention, a small amount of binder is used in order to enhance the carrying ability of the carbonate fine powder on the porous substance or the powder fiber and to prevent dust generation due to the fall of the carbonate fine powder during use. To be done. Examples of the binder include various natural or synthetic water-soluble polymers such as methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, starch, dextrin, polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, sodium alginate and molasses, or various clay materials such as water glass and bentonite, aluminum phosphate, calcium phosphate and the like. Inorganic binders such as phosphates and cements are used.

These binders are diluted with a solvent such as water or directly mixed with the powder to the extent that they can enhance the ability of the fine carbonate powder to be supported on the porous material or the powder fiber. Should be kept to a very small amount, and it is usually preferable to keep the proportion of the solid deodorant in the total amount to about 10% by mass (solid content conversion) or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less.

The method for producing the above solid deodorant according to the present invention is not particularly limited, and a usual granulation method or molding method may be appropriately changed and adopted. For example, a general method for obtaining granules is a method of uniformly mixing the above raw material components in a proper blend and stirring the mixture at a suitable speed with a bread granulator or the like to obtain substantially spherical granules. When this method is adopted, by adjusting the compounding amounts of the nucleating material and the binder, the rotation speed at the time of granulation and the like as appropriate, it is possible to obtain a substantially spherical particle having an average particle diameter of about 2 to 10 mm. Granular material can be obtained,
By drying this and volatilizing and removing the dispersion medium, a granular deodorant can be obtained.

When it is obtained as a molded product, the raw material components are uniformly kneaded with a dispersion medium such as water to form a paste having an appropriate viscosity, which is extruded into a rod or plate having an arbitrary cross section by extrusion molding or the like. May be cut into an appropriate size to form a pellet-shaped, plate-shaped, or block-shaped molded body, which is dried to volatilize and remove the dispersion medium. In this case, if the shape of the extrusion die is devised, it is also possible to obtain a molded product having an irregular structure such as a honeycomb structure.

The solid deodorant of the present invention thus obtained is
The carbonate fine powder is uniformly supported in the pores of the porous substance or in the fine fiber gaps of the powder fiber, and most of the surface of each carbonate fine powder is the surface of the porous substance or the powder fiber. And, it exists in the state of being exposed in the pores of the porous material or in the fiber gaps. Therefore, this molded product or granulated product is packed in an appropriate column, or sandwiched between non-woven fabrics and the like, and the fluid to be treated is passed through it.
Alternatively, in the case of a plate-shaped material or a honeycomb-shaped material, if the fluid to be treated is passed between them, the individual carbonate fine powders can be brought into contact with the fluid to be treated efficiently, and Combined with the adsorption action of the remaining adsorption sites,
The acidic gas component contained in the fluid to be treated can be efficiently removed, and excellent deodorizing performance is exhibited.

In particular, the solid deodorant of the present invention is a sulfur-containing gas such as hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans and SOx; NOx, nitric acid gas, nitrous acid gas, hydrogen chloride gas, acetic acid gas, or mist containing them, particularly acidic. It has an excellent deodorizing ability against malodorous and harmful gas containing gas as the main component, so it can be used, for example, in iron mills, paper mills, other chemical plants, sewage treatment plants, municipal waste incineration facilities, and animal breeding rooms. Removal and purification of various offensive odor gases emitted from plants, removal of acidic gas in museums and galleries, harmful gases and odor gases in hospitals, restaurants, hotels, various schools, other public or private facilities and laboratories It can be widely and effectively used for cleaning, cleaning, and cleaning of clean rooms.

In particular, the solid deodorant of the present invention is essentially white as described above and does not have the coloring problem pointed out by activated carbon or the like. If necessary, an appropriate pigment or dye may be used in the production process. Thus, it is possible to color in any color according to the taste of the consumer. Furthermore, if it is activated carbon, it is extremely difficult to desorb and regenerate it after the adsorption amount is saturated, and most of it is incinerated.However, the solid deodorant of the present invention is recovered after use, and the carbonate content therein is dissolved. It is also easy to extract and recycle, and by constructing such a recycling system, it is possible to further improve economic efficiency and reduce the amount of waste produced as much as possible.

[0027]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples, and may be appropriately applied within a range compatible with the gist of the preceding and the following. Modifications can be made and implemented, and all of them are included in the technical scope of the present invention.

Example The following compounded raw materials were used in the ratios shown in Table 1, and they were uniformly mixed with a mixer, and then the mixture was shaped into granules having an average particle diameter of about 4 mm using a bread granulator and dried. , A granular deodorant was produced.

[Raw materials] Porous substance and powder fiber: Cellulose powder; Bulk specific gravity 0.34 g / ml, Perlite; Bulk specific gravity 0.12 g / ml, Vermiculite; Bulk specific gravity 0.18 g / ml, Binder: Polyvinyl alcohol ( PVA); average molecular weight 140
0, sodium alginate; average molecular weight 450, lightweight aggregate: mullite balloon; bulk specific gravity 0.25 g / ml, expanded clay; bulk specific gravity 0.30 g / ml, granulating agent: foamed glass; average particle size 1.6 mm.

The bulk specific gravity of each of the granular deodorants obtained above was measured, and the deodorizing performance (breakthrough time) for hydrogen sulfide and nitric acid gas was examined by the following method. The results are shown in Table 2.

[Breakthrough time measuring method] Breakthrough time for acetic acid-containing gas: A glass column having a diameter of 14 mm and a length of 100 mm was filled with 6 ml of each granular deodorant, and 200 pp of acetic acid gas was added thereto.
Flowing air containing m at a flow rate of 0.5 liter / min,
The acetic acid gas concentration in the air discharged from the column outlet is measured by a detector tube. The 90% breakthrough time is reached when the acetic acid gas removal rate drops to 90%.

[0032]

[Table 1]

[0033]

[Table 2]

As is clear from Tables 1 and 2, Nos. Which satisfy the specified requirements of the present invention. 2,3,4,7,8,9,11 ~
The deodorant of No. 15 has an appropriate bulk specific gravity and exhibits a long breakthrough time with respect to acetic acid gas.

For these, No. Nos. 1 and 6 are comparative examples in which the amount of sodium carbonate is less than the specified range, and the breakthrough time is short as an acid gas remover, and satisfactory sustainability cannot be obtained. In addition, No. On the contrary, Nos. 5 and 10 are comparative examples in which the content of sodium carbonate exceeds the specified range. The breakthrough time is good and the deodorizing action and the durability are high, but the bulk specific gravity is too large and the unit volume per unit volume is large. Since the weight is too large, the usage amount (consumption amount) increases, and it is impractical from the economical point of view.

No. Nos. 11 to 15 are examples in which the types of powder fibers, porous substances, lightweight aggregates, and binders are variously changed, but all have an appropriate bulk specific gravity and a reasonable breakthrough time, and are solid deodorants. As such, it has sufficiently practical performance.

[0037]

The present invention is constituted as described above, and fine powder of carbonate of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal
By supporting the surface of the porous material and / or the powder fiber through the binder and exposing the surface to the surface of the porous material or the powder fiber and the surface of the pores, the removal effect of the carbonate fine powder, particularly of acidic gas is maximized. It has become possible to provide a solid deodorant which can be effectively utilized as much as possible and has an excellent deodorizing function for acidic harmful gas and malodorous gas components.

Continued front page    F-term (reference) 4C080 AA05 AA06 BB02 BB04 CC02                       CC03 CC04 CC05 CC07 CC12                       CC15 HH05 HH09 JJ03 JJ04                       JJ05 KK08 LL03 LL10 MM02                       MM04 NN02 NN04 NN22 NN23                       NN24 NN25 QQ03                 4G066 AA43A AA43B AA66A AA66B                       AA67A AA67B AA70A AA70B                       BA01 BA22 BA25 CA02 DA03                       EA20 FA01 FA28

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A carbonate containing an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, a porous material and / or a powder fiber, and a binder, wherein the content of the carbonate is 30 to 80% by mass and the bulk specific gravity is 0. A solid deodorant having a content of 30 to 0.90 g / ml. 2. The bulk specific gravity of the carbonate is 0.6 to 0.8 g.
/ Ml The solid deodorant according to claim 1. 3. The solid deodorant according to claim 1, which contains a lightweight aggregate as another component. 4. The average particle size of the lightweight aggregate is 0.1 to 6.
The solid deodorant according to claim 3, which has a size of mm. 5. The solid deodorant according to claim 1, which is used for deodorizing an acidic gas component.