JP2003185123A - High temperature dust collecting equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dust collecting device capable of collecting salt components leading to molten salt together with particles such as oxidized parts leading to adhered ash at high temperature parts in an incinerator, a gasifier, or a gasification-melting device for solid fuel such as waste and coal. <P>SOLUTION: A heat transfer tube 12 for passing cooling medium such as cooling water or steam therein is installed in a housing 11. A heat exchange is performed between the cooling medium in the heat transfer tube 12 and gas d generated by the combustion or partial combustion of inflammables in a gasification-melting furnace 20 and discharged from the gasification-melting furnace 20 to lower the temperature of the gas d. Thus fly ash in the gas can be adhered to the surface of the heat transfer tube 12. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a high temperature dust collector for protecting a heat exchanger in a waste heat recovery system from adhesion of fly ash contained in exhaust gas, and particularly to waste (general waste,
The present invention relates to a heat exchanger type high temperature dust collector suitable for incineration treatment, gasification treatment or gasification melting treatment of combustible substances such as waste plastic, car shredder dust, and industrial waste) and coal.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an apparatus for incinerating, gasifying or gasifying and melting waste or solid fuel such as coal,
Various devices such as a boiler, an economizer, and an air preheater are installed in the latter stage of the incinerator, the gasification furnace, or the gasification and melting furnace. Then, ash contained in the exhaust gas or the generated gas generated by incineration, gasification, or gasification and melting occurs on these various devices. If ash adheres to a heat recovery device such as a boiler, it causes a decrease in heat transfer efficiency. Further, salt components contained in the adhered ash may accelerate corrosion damage of the heat transfer tube. In addition, when a plurality of heat transfer tubes are arranged at a site such as a superheater tube, an air preheater, or an economizer, ash adhesion to the heat transfer tubes may progress, and eventually blockage may occur.

As measures against these, soot blower (soot
The attached ash is removed by a method such as soot blowing using a blower). However, when removing the adhering ash, the protective film against the corrosion generated on the surface of the heat transfer tube is removed at the same time, and the wear of the soot blow accelerates the damage of the heat transfer tube. In addition, particularly in a power generator using a combustible material containing a large amount of S (sulfur) and Cl (chlorine) as a fuel, which is represented by waste, the power generation efficiency is sacrificed against the high temperature corrosion of the heat transfer tube due to the adhesion of ash. It is necessary to keep the temperature of steam to be recovered low, and to take anticorrosion measures such as using a high-grade material containing a large amount of Cr (chromium) or Ni (nickel) for the superheater tube material. When a soot blow is used to remove the adhered ash, it is common to attach a protector at the expense of heat transfer efficiency in order to prevent corrosion due to ash adhesion of the heat transfer tube and damage due to soot blow. A large heat transfer area is required if the ash that adheres is not removed to avoid damage to the heat transfer tubes due to sootblowing, etc.In addition, widening the tube pitch of the heat transfer tubes is also effective to avoid clogging due to adhesion. However, in either case, the device becomes large and the cost becomes high.

A ceramic filter is used as a high temperature ash dust collector, but it is vulnerable to thermal shock and has a problem in durability.
Also, when the filter is installed in the high temperature part, the substance adhering to the low temperature part on the gas downstream side exists as a gas in the high temperature part, and therefore is not collected by the filter and has a sufficient role as a dust collector. Does not work.

[0005]

As described above, various adverse effects are caused by the adhesion of ash, but for the purpose of investigating the mechanism of ash adhesion, the inventors of the present application applied the ash to the industrial waste treatment furnace. The collected ash was sampled and analyzed. The properties of ash differed depending on the ambient gas temperature and the surface temperature of the adhered surface. The structure of the ash attached to the water pipe is schematically illustrated in FIGS. 10 and 11. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the ash attached to the water pipe 100 is composed of particles 101 such as oxides and a molten salt 102 that acts as a binder for the particles. If the amount of molten salt in the ash is large, a hard and dense layer Ld that is difficult to remove by soot blowing or the like may be formed, leading to blockage. In addition, in the example shown in FIG. 10, a porous layer Lp containing less molten salt is formed on the layer Ld.
Are formed. Further, since the molten salt is formed, the heat transfer tube is severely damaged by the molten salt corrosion. This molten salt component was different depending on the gas temperature and the temperature of the adhering surface.

Table 1 shows the results of quantitative analysis of the adhered ash sampled at different locations and the water-soluble components in the adhered ash.

[Table 1] Table 1 shows each component ratio by mass%. Samples 2 and 3, 4, and 5, 6 and 7, 8 and 9 were analyzed by dividing ash collected from the same place into the atmosphere gas side and the wall side to which the ash was attached. For example, when looking at the adhered ash at a gas temperature of 1000 ° C. or lower (Samples 4 to 9), Cl that forms molten salt in the ash is observed.
And SO ₄ were contained in large amounts, but Cl and SO ₄ were scarcely contained in Samples 1 and 2 collected in the high temperature range. Sample 1, which had a very high gas temperature, was clinker-like, but sample 2 was brittle and porous ash. Further, as can be seen from the analysis of the water-soluble component, Sample 4 has a particularly large amount of salt component, is extremely hard, and is difficult to easily remove by soot blowing.

From the above, chlorides and sulfates hardly adhere to each other in the high temperature range, and become clinker-like when the gas temperature is extremely high. It becomes brittle ash and can be easily removed. When the gas temperature drops, chlorides and sulfates become stable and exist in the ash as molten salt, forming hard and dense ash and causing molten salt corrosion.

When an ash trap is installed, it is desirable that the temperature is on the high temperature side of the gas. However, as mentioned above, when the gas temperature is high, only particles such as oxides are trapped to form a molten salt. There is concern that the components may be concentrated in reverse. However, as seen in Sample 3, the ash attached to the surface of the water pipe having a high gas temperature and a low temperature contained a high concentration of chlorides and sulfates. From this, even if the gas temperature is high, if the temperature of the adhering place is low, it is possible to collect chlorides and sulfates.

The present invention has the following problems, phenomenological theory,
That is, it was made in view of the analysis of the attachment mechanism of ash, in an incinerator or gasifier or gasification melting device of solid fuel such as waste or coal, particles such as oxidization part which becomes attached ash at high temperature part At the same time, it is an object of the present invention to provide a dust collector that can collect salt components that become molten salt.

[0010]

In order to solve the above problems, the high temperature dust collector of the present invention is provided with a heat transfer tube for flowing a cooling medium such as cooling water or steam inside the housing, and the inside of the heat transfer tube is provided with a heat transfer tube. Heat is exchanged between the cooling medium and the gas generated by the combustion or partial combustion of the combustible material in the combustion equipment and discharged from the combustion equipment to lower the temperature of the gas, and the gas in the gas is formed on the surface of the heat transfer tube. It is characterized in that it is possible to attach the fly ash of. According to the present invention, the low melting point compound existing as a gas in the ash and the gas produced by the combustion or partial combustion of the combustible material in the combustion equipment is deposited on the surface of the heat transfer tube to heat the boiler or the steam superheater heat transfer tube. It is possible to reduce the amount of ash attached to the recovery unit. Here, examples of the combustion equipment include an incinerator, a gasification furnace, a gasification melting furnace, and the like.

According to one aspect of the present invention, a water pipe group constituting the heat transfer pipe is provided inside the housing, and a plurality of partition plates partitioning an internal gas flow path into a plurality of flow paths, and the partition plate is installed. It is characterized in that the gas flow velocity is changed by changing the interval. That is, a plurality of partition plates are provided, and the flow rate is slow on the gas inlet side to prevent clogging due to a large amount of fly ash, and is increased on the gas outlet side to increase the probability of fly ash coming into contact with the water tube group. 1 of the present invention
The aspect is characterized in that the water tube group is constituted by a heat transfer tube of a boiler. By using the water tube group as a part of the boiler heat transfer tube, waste heat can be used without waste. Also, by installing a valve at the inlet and outlet of the water pipe group of the high temperature dust collector, even if water leaks due to a puncture such as corrosion in the water pipe group, by shutting off the water line of the high temperature dust collector The operation can be continued without stopping the entire device.

One aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the cross section of the water pipe group has a large pitch on the gas inlet side and a small pitch on the gas outlet side. By increasing the pitch of the water pipe at the gas inlet, it is possible to prevent the gas flow passage from being blocked. On the other hand, by decreasing the pitch at the gas outlet, the contact probability of ash in the exhaust gas is increased and the ash removal efficiency is improved. One aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the water tube group is a fixed tube plate system or a U-tube system, and the high-temperature dust collector can be a horizontal type or a vertical type. By using the fixed tube sheet method or the U-shaped tube method for the water tube group bundle, it is possible to improve work efficiency during maintenance and replacement of the water tube group bundle.

The gasification melting system of the present invention is a gasification melting system in which waste is gasified in a gasification furnace and then ash is melted in the melting furnace, and waste heat of exhaust gas discharged from the melting furnace is used. The high temperature dust collector is installed on the upstream side of the heat recovery unit for recovering the heat.
The incineration system of the present invention is an incineration system including an incinerator for incinerating waste, wherein the high temperature dust collector is installed upstream of a heat recovery unit for recovering waste heat of exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator. It is characterized by having done. The gasification system of the present invention, in a gasification system for gasifying waste or coal in a gasification furnace, on the upstream side of a heat recovery unit for recovering waste heat of gas discharged from the gasification furnace,
The high temperature dust collector is installed. In the above-mentioned gasification and melting system, incineration system or gasification system, a heat exchanger type high temperature dust collector having a heat transfer tube cooled is installed on the upstream side of a heat recovery part such as a boiler or a steam superheater. Therefore, the ash produced by the combustion or partial combustion of combustibles and the low melting point compounds existing as gas in the gas are deposited on the surface of the heat transfer tube, and the ash that adheres to the heat transfer tube in the heat recovery section of the boiler or steam superheater, etc. It is possible to reduce the amount of

One aspect of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of the high temperature dust collectors are provided in parallel. Since a plurality of heat exchanger type high temperature dust collectors are installed in parallel, it is possible to collect ash by another high temperature dust collector and continue the operation even if one is closed.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of a high temperature dust collector according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an overall flow of a waste gasification and melting system including two fluidized bed gasification furnaces and a swirling melting furnace. Waste a is charged into the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 by a supply device (not shown),
The injected waste is heated to 500 to 600 ° C. and gasified with an oxygen amount lower than the theoretical oxygen amount required for complete combustion. According to the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1, since the fluidized bed temperature is low and the reducing atmosphere is present, iron in the incombustibles,
Metals such as copper and aluminum can be recovered in an unoxidized state.

Char produced in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1,
The pyrolysis gas b containing tar and the like is sent to the swirl melting furnace 2 and burned at a high temperature of 1200 to 1500 ° C. without auxiliary fuel. At this time, the ash content present in the pyrolysis gas is collected by the swirling flow at the melting furnace wall, becomes slag c, and is discharged from the bottom of the melting furnace. Since gas combustion is the main constituent in the swirl melting furnace 2, a low air ratio combustion of about 1.3 is possible, whereby the amount of exhaust gas from the swirling melting furnace 2 can be reduced. Also,
Since it burns at 1200 ° C or higher, it is possible to completely decompose dioxins.

The present invention makes it possible to recover sensible heat of high-temperature exhaust gas more effectively when waste is burned at high temperature. In the gasification and melting furnace, a direct melting furnace, a kiln type gasification and melting furnace, a shaft type gasification and melting furnace, a fluidized bed gasification and melting furnace can be used, but a fluidized bed gasification and melting furnace is preferably used. . The gasification furnace at this time may be an external circulation gasification furnace or an internal circulation gasification furnace, but it is more preferable to use the internal circulation gasification. The cross-sectional shape of the gasification furnace may be round or square.

The combustion exhaust gas d from the swirling melting furnace 2 is 12
It has a temperature of 00 to 1500 ° C., and after being discharged from the swirling melting furnace 2, the temperature is reduced via the high temperature heat exchanger 3, the waste heat boiler 4, the economizer 5, the air preheater 6 and the like. The exhaust gas d is finally removed by the bag filter 7,
It is released to the atmosphere from the chimney as clean gas. In the gasification and melting system shown in FIG. 1, the water is economizer 5
And is heated by the exhaust gas d. Then, the feedwater heated by the economizer 5 is heated in the waste heat boiler 4 while passing through the boiler heat transfer tube 4a and the steam superheater 4b to become superheated steam. The generated steam is supplied to a steam turbine (not shown) for power generation. Further, the air is supplied to the air preheater 6 and preheated by the exhaust gas d. The air preheated by the air preheater 6 is heated by the high temperature heat exchanger 3 and then supplied to the swirl melting furnace 2 as combustion air. Most of the ash contained in the exhaust gas is melted in the swirling melting furnace 2 and collected as slag,
Part of them is not collected and adheres at the heat recovery section in the latter stage. Further, the chlorine and sulfur components contained in the waste are present as gas in the high temperature part, and therefore are not collected in the melting furnace and become molten salt in the latter stage when the temperature is lowered to promote adhesion and cause molten salt corrosion.

The temperature range in which the molten salt is formed largely depends on the type of waste to be charged, and in the case of mainly sulfate, it is mainly 6
The molten salt is formed at 00 to 700 ° C, whereas in the case of mainly chloride, it is often formed at around 500 ° C, and when heavy metals such as Pb and Zn are further contained, it may be 4
Molten salts are formed below 00 ° C. Therefore, by changing the installation location of the high temperature dust collector depending on the type of waste,
It becomes possible to collect the salt component more efficiently. Alternatively, the installation location can be changed according to the purpose, for example, by installing a high temperature dust collector upstream of the device for which adhesion is particularly desired to be suppressed.

For example, when a large amount of chlorine is contained in the waste, a molten salt is formed at around 500 ° C., so that a large amount of deposition occurs on the steam superheater 4b where the exhaust gas temperature becomes 600 ° C. or lower. By collecting the ash with the installed high temperature dust collector, the ash grows on the surface of the water tube group and the surface temperature of the adhering surface rises. Therefore, chloride having a high vapor pressure in the exhaust gas at a temperature higher than 1000 ° C. near the outlet of the melting furnace can be efficiently condensed by condensing on the adhering surface having a low temperature at the beginning, but ash grows and If the surface temperature rises, the collection efficiency will decrease.
Therefore, it is desirable to install a high temperature dust collector at the upstream position A where the exhaust gas temperature is not significantly different from the installation location of the steam superheater 4b, and thereby it becomes possible to efficiently collect chlorides. .

Further, for example, when the waste contains a large amount of sulfur, adhesion occurs on the water pipe wall where the exhaust gas temperature is around 600 to 800 ° C. and on the high temperature air heater as the high temperature heat exchanger 3. Therefore, a high temperature dust collector is installed upstream of those parts to efficiently collect the sulfate. Furthermore, when both chlorine and sulfur are contained in the waste in high concentrations and deposits occur over a wide temperature range, a high temperature dust collector is installed at position B where the gas temperature is high, and the deposited ash is continuously blown by soot blowing. It is possible to efficiently collect chlorides by suppressing the ash adhesion growth in the water tube group and suppressing the surface temperature rise of the adhesion surface by removing it. In addition, A,
It is also possible to attach it to both B positions.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a horizontal high temperature dust collector,
FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which the horizontal high temperature dust collector is installed between the second pass and the third pass of the boiler. As shown in FIG. 2, the heat transfer tubes (water tubes) 12 arranged inside the housing 11 of the horizontal high-temperature dust collector 10 have a wide tube pitch on the inlet side 10 _IN where adhesion is likely to occur to prevent clogging, while On the outlet side 10 _{OUT, the} pipe pitch is narrowed in order to improve the adhesion efficiency. That is, in FIG. 2, l ₁ > l ₂ . Further, as shown in FIG. 2, by providing the partition plates 13a, 13b, 13c inside the high temperature dust collector 10, the exhaust gas flow path can be lengthened and the adhesion efficiency can be improved. Further, by making the flow path on the inlet side where adhesion is likely to be wide and the width on the outlet side narrow, it is possible to prevent clogging on the inlet side and improve adhesion efficiency on the outlet side. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 14 indicates a soot blower. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, when the high temperature dust collector 10 is installed in the lower part of the waste heat boiler 4, the ash adhered in the second pass and the third pass is on the water pipe group in the high temperature dust collector 10. When there is a risk of blockage due to the fall of the ash, it is preferable not to install a water pipe at the exhaust gas inlet / outlet portion as shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a vertical type high temperature dust collector,
FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which the vertical high temperature dust collector is installed at the melting furnace outlet (boiler inlet). As shown in FIG. 4, the heat transfer tube (water tube) 12 installed inside the housing 11 of the vertical high-temperature dust collector 10 has a wide tube pitch on the inlet side 10 _IN where adhesion is likely to occur in order to prevent clogging, while , Exit side 10
_OUT has a narrow tube pitch. As shown in FIG.
By installing the vertical high-temperature dust collector 10 at the outlet of the melting furnace 2, that is, at the boiler inlet, it becomes possible to collect ash at the boiler inlet and reduce ash adhesion to the boiler. Becomes In order to improve the collection efficiency, it is necessary to regularly remove the ash attached to the water pipe group of the high temperature dust collector. When a high-temperature dust collector is installed on the melting furnace, the ash attached to the water tube group of the high-temperature dust collector is removed and falls into the high-temperature melting furnace, and the chloride and ash collected once as ash are removed. The salt component of the sulfate becomes gas again in the high temperature atmosphere and is supplied to the exhaust gas. Therefore, when the high temperature dust collector is installed on the melting furnace, the high temperature dust collector 10 is installed by bypassing the exhaust gas so that the adhered ash does not drop into the melting furnace 2 as shown in FIG. Is desirable.

Further, as a simple high temperature dust collector, FIG.
It is also possible to make a high temperature dust collector by using a double tube heat exchanger as shown in FIG. That is, FIG. 6 shows the structure of a bayonet type high temperature heat exchanger as an example of a high temperature dust collector.
Although the bayonet type heat exchanger includes a large number of double tube structure heat exchange sections (heat transfer tubes), FIG. 6 shows only one double tube structure heat exchange section. The heat exchange section 30 having a double-pipe structure includes a substantially cylindrical container-shaped outer cylinder 31 having one end opened and the other end closed, and a cylindrical inner cylinder 32 having both ends opened. Reference numeral 33 indicates a wall body of the mounting portion. Water or steam as the fluid to be heated flows from one end of the inner cylinder 32, flows into the annular space between the outer cylinder 31 and the inner cylinder 32 from the opening at the other end, and flows out from the opening at one end of the outer cylinder 31. . During this period, the fluid to be heated exchanges heat with the combustion exhaust gas d and is heated.

In the heat exchanger used at such a high temperature, the temperature difference between the combustion exhaust gas d and the fluid to be heated is very large. Therefore, if the heat transfer tubes are fixed at both ends, sufficient thermal expansion measures must be taken. Since it does not occur, the structure becomes complicated. On the other hand, the bayonet type high temperature heat exchanger shown in FIG. 6 has a cantilever structure and one end is completely free, so that it is not necessary to consider measures against thermal expansion and is simple. According to this method, since individual heat transfer tubes can be easily attached and detached and replaced one by one, only the damaged heat transfer tubes need to be replaced, so running cost can be suppressed. As the material used for the heat transfer tube of this high temperature dust collector, since the surface temperature of the heat transfer tube is kept low by the internal cooling water, it is possible to reduce the corrosion of the heat transfer tube. Can be used.

In order to improve the ash collection efficiency of the high temperature dust collector, it is necessary to remove the ash attached to the heat transfer tube by soot blowing or lapping. Soot blow is one of the most common methods for removing the adhered ash. However, damage to the heat transfer tube is accelerated because the corrosion protection film formed on the surface of the heat transfer tube is destroyed or eroded by the soot blow. As shown in FIG. 7, the high temperature dust collector 10
By installing valves V1 and V2 for supplying and stopping cooling water to the water pipe group in the high temperature dust collector 10 at the entrance and exit of the high temperature dust collector 10, if the water pipe should be damaged, the damaged high temperature dust collector By closing only the valves V1 and V2 at the entrance and exit of the device 10, it becomes possible to continue the operation of the cooling device or the entire gasification and melting device. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, by installing a plurality of high temperature dust collectors 10 in parallel, even if one of them is damaged, the remaining dust collectors can efficiently collect ash. In FIG. 7, a thick solid line shows the flow of exhaust gas, and a thin solid line shows the flow of cooling water.

8 and 9 show a case where a high temperature dust collector 10 is installed between a gasification and melting furnace and a boiler and the high temperature dust collector 10 is used as a steam pipe and a part of an economizer. It is a figure which shows the flow of a gasification melting system. In the gasification and melting system shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, combustible substances such as waste or coal are gasified and combusted in the gasification and melting furnace 20 including the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 and the melting furnace 2. The combustion exhaust gas d discharged from the gasification and melting furnace 20 is reduced in temperature via the high temperature dust collector 10, the waste heat boiler 4, the economizer 5, the air preheater 6 and the like. The exhaust gas d is finally dust-removed by the bag filter 7, and then released from the chimney 9 to the atmosphere. The air is preheated by the air preheater 6 and then supplied to the gasification and melting furnace 20 as combustion air. Furthermore, as the gas to be introduced into the air preheater,
It is also possible to use steam (or an inert gas) other than air. In this case, reference numeral 6 is a preheater rather than an air preheater.

In this apparatus, a fluidized bed gasification furnace 1
When the waste is pyrolyzed, corrosive gas components such as hydrogen chloride, sulfur oxides or hydrogen sulfide originating from chlorine and sulfur contained in the waste are generated. Some of them are decomposed and synthesized in the process of passing through a melting furnace, a waste heat boiler, etc., but most of them are neutralized and removed by slaked lime e put in front of the bag filter 7, and the bag filter ash f
Is discharged to the outside of the device.

In the system shown in FIG. 8, water is heated by the economizer 5 and then supplied to the waste heat boiler 4 and the high temperature dust collector 10, and becomes water vapor in the waste heat boiler 4 and the high temperature dust collector 10. In the system shown in FIG. 9, water is supplied to the economizer 5 to be heated and then supplied to the waste heat boiler 4 to become steam. On the other hand, the water supplied to the high temperature dust collector 10 merges with the water supplied to the waste heat boiler 4 after being heated by the high temperature dust collector 10 and flows into the waste heat boiler 4. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, by installing the valves V1 and V2 before and after the water pipe group of the high temperature dust collector 10, even if the heat transfer water pipe breaks in the high temperature dust collector 10, the system The whole operation can be continued. In the system shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the gasification and melting furnace 20 includes an incinerator or a gasification furnace (including a single-stage gasification furnace and a two-stage gasification furnace having a low-temperature gasification furnace and a high-temperature gasification furnace). It is also possible to construct an incineration system or a gasification system, respectively.

[0030]

As described above, according to the present invention,
By cooling the ash adhesion surface of the dust collector and making it a heat exchange type, salt components such as chloride and sulfate that exist as gas at high temperature and cannot be collected by conventional uncooled dust collectors Can be efficiently collected at a high temperature. As a result, it is possible to reduce the adhesion of ash to the heat exchanger in the waste heat recovery unit, reduce the heat recovery efficiency due to ash adhesion, and reduce the corrosion damage of the heat transfer tube due to the molten salt contained in the adhered matter. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall flow of a waste gasification and melting system including two furnaces, a fluidized bed gasification furnace and a swirling melting furnace.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a horizontal high temperature dust collector.

3 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which the horizontal high-temperature dust collector shown in FIG. 2 is installed between a boiler second pass and a boiler third pass.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a vertical high temperature dust collector.

5 is a diagram showing an example in which the vertical high-temperature dust collector shown in FIG. 4 is installed at a melting furnace outlet (boiler inlet).

FIG. 6 is a view showing a structure of a bayonet type high temperature heat exchanger as an example of a high temperature dust collector.

FIG. 7 is a diagram when a valve is attached to a high temperature dust collector and a plurality of valves are installed in parallel.

FIG. 8 shows a flow of the gasification and melting system when a high temperature dust collector is installed between the gasification and melting furnace and the boiler and the high temperature dust collector is used as a part of a steam pipe and an economizer. It is a figure.

FIG. 9 shows a flow of the gasification and melting system when a high temperature dust collector is installed between the gasification and melting furnace and the boiler and the high temperature dust collector is used as a part of a steam pipe and an economizer. It is a figure.

FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of ash attached to a water pipe.

FIG. 11 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of ash attached to a water pipe.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Fluidized bed gasifier 2 swirl melting furnace 3 High temperature heat exchanger 4 Waste heat boiler 4a Boiler heat transfer tube 4b Steam heating tube 5 Economizer 6 Air preheater 7 Bug filter 9 chimney 10 High temperature dust collector 11 housing 12 Heat transfer tube (water tube) Partition plates 13a, 13b, 13c 14 Sootblower 20 Gasification and melting furnace 30 heat exchange section 31 outer cylinder 32 inner cylinder 33 wall a waste b Pyrolysis gas c slag d Combustion exhaust gas V1, V2 valve

Front page continuation (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) C10J 3/46 F23G 5/00 115Z F23G 5/00 115 5/027 ZABZ 5/027 ZAB 5/44 Z 5/44 5 / 46 A 5/46 F23J 15/00 Z (72) Inventor Hideyuki Sakamoto 11-11 Haneda Asahi-cho, Ota-ku, Tokyo F-term inside EBARA CORPORATION (reference) 3K061 AA11 AA16 AB01 AB02 AB03 DA18 DA19 FA10 3K065 AA11 AA16 AB01 AB02 AB03 JA05 JA18 3K070 DA07 DA35

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. A heat transfer tube for flowing a cooling medium such as cooling water or steam is provided inside a housing, and is generated by combustion or partial combustion of a cooling medium in the heat transfer tube and combustible material in a combustion facility, and discharged from the combustion facility. A high temperature dust collecting apparatus, characterized in that heat is exchanged with the generated gas to lower the temperature of the gas so that fly ash in the gas can adhere to the surface of the heat transfer tube. 2. A water pipe group constituting the heat transfer pipe and a plurality of partition plates for partitioning an internal gas flow path into a plurality of flow paths are provided inside the housing, and the installation intervals of the partition plates are changed. The high temperature dust collector according to claim 1, wherein the gas flow velocity is changed. 3. The high temperature dust collector according to claim 2, wherein the water tube group is constituted by a heat transfer tube of a boiler. 4. The high temperature dust collector according to claim 2, wherein the cross-sectional arrangement of the water pipe group is such that the pitch is large on the gas inlet side and small on the gas outlet side. 5. The water tube group has a fixed tube plate method or a U-tube method, and the high-temperature dust collector can be horizontal or vertical. High temperature dust collector. 6. After the waste is gasified in a gasification furnace,
In a gasification and melting system for melting ash in a melting furnace, the high temperature according to any one of claims 1 to 5 upstream of a heat recovery unit for recovering waste heat of exhaust gas discharged from the melting furnace. A gasification and melting system equipped with a dust collector. 7. The gasification and melting system according to claim 6, wherein the heat recovery unit is a waste heat boiler or a steam superheater. 8. The gasification and melting system according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of the high temperature dust collectors are provided in parallel. 9. An incineration system provided with an incinerator for incinerating waste, wherein the upstream side of a heat recovery unit for recovering waste heat of exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator is any one of claims 1 to 5. An incinerator system comprising the high-temperature dust collector according to the item 1. 10. The incinerator system according to claim 9, wherein the heat recovery unit is a waste heat boiler or a steam superheater. 11. The incinerator system according to claim 9, wherein a plurality of the high temperature dust collectors are provided in parallel. 12. A gasification system for gasifying waste or coal in a gasification furnace, wherein the upstream side of a heat recovery unit for recovering waste heat of the gas discharged from the gasification furnace is used. 5. A gasification system comprising the high temperature dust collector according to any one of 5 above. 13. The gasification system according to claim 12, wherein the heat recovery unit is a waste heat boiler or a steam superheater. 14. The gasification system according to claim 12, wherein a plurality of the high temperature dust collectors are provided in parallel.