JP2003182973A - Crane and moving method for slung load - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technique that can quickly and simply position, especially finely position, a slung load in slung load work by a crane and can reduce a swing of the slung load in movement. <P>SOLUTION: In a movement of a slung load by the crane with a trolley traversing across a travel direction of the crane, a moving device attached, for example, to the trolley offers at least either a movement of the slung load in the traverse direction relative to the trolley or a movement of the slung load in the travel direction relative to the trolley. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crane, such as a container crane, for example, a large-sized hanging crane.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Cranes typified by large-sized container cranes for hoisting cargo include those exemplified in FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a container crane.
Further, FIG. 2 is a perspective model diagram for explaining the movement of the trolley and rope of the container crane.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, a container crane 1 is installed, for example, on a quay 2 in a harbor and travels on a traveling rail 3 laid along the quay 2. Therefore, the crane 1 can move in the direction parallel to the quay.

In the present invention, such a direction is called a traveling direction of the crane. It may also be simply referred to as the "traveling direction". The direction orthogonal to this direction is called the transverse direction.

The container crane 1 includes a rear leg 4 and a front leg 5.
And a main girder 6 supported by the rear leg 4 and the front leg 5.

The main girder 6 is horizontally provided on the upper part of the rear leg 4 and the front leg 5 so as to be orthogonal to the traveling rail 3.

The main girder 6 includes a boom 7 provided so as to project to the sea side, and a crane girder 8 on the opposite side.
It consists of and. The end of the boom 7 is the boom end 1
6, the end of crane girder 8 is girder end 1
Called 7.

When the container ship is docked, the boom 7
It stands up so as not to obstruct the berth, and when carrying out cargo handling work, it is kept horizontal so that it overhangs on the container ship.

The container 9 is fixed to the spreader 10 by a twist lock and is suspended by a rope 11.

The rope 11 is a main winding drum 14 located at the girder end via a hanging load sheave 13 attached to a trolley 12 movably provided on the boom 7 and a girder end sheave 15. By being wound or unwound, the container 9 can be moved up and down.

In this way, the container 9 lifted up from the ship is moved to the land by the trolley 12 traversing and moving from the boom 7 side to the crane girder 8 side, and then on the truck 18 such as a freight car. Is unloaded. In addition,
In the present invention, like the sheave 13 for suspending suspended loads,
Usually, it is attached to a trolley, and a sheave for suspending and suspending a sheave for allowing the container 9 to move up and down is distinguished from other sheaves, and a rope through the sheave for suspending and suspending such a load. It is called a suspension rope.

At this time, due to the presence of the sheave 13, the trolley 12 can traverse without changing the suspension length of the rope 11.

In such a crane, the spreader 10
It is important to perform the alignment while lowering the
At that time, the crane itself is moved to move the container 9 in the traveling direction, and the trolley 12 is moved to move the container 9 in the transverse direction.

When the container 9 rotates due to eccentricity of the load, the girder end sheave 15 is appropriately moved in the transverse direction for correction.

[0016]

However, the above method requires a long time. Further, it is difficult to adjust a minute distance such as a fine adjustment of the position of the suspended load.

Furthermore, skill is required for the operation of rotating the suspended load.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a crane in which the position of the suspended load can be adjusted quickly and easily.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a crane in which the load suspended during movement is small.

Still another object and advantage of the present invention are:
It will be apparent from the following description.

[0021]

As a result of various studies, the reason why it takes a long time and it is difficult to adjust a minute distance is to move a crane or a trolley having a large inertia,
The reason why it takes skill to rotate the suspended load is that moving the girder end sheave also changes the tension of the rope.
This is because the relationship between the movement amount of the sheave and the rotation amount of the suspended load becomes complicated, and the operation becomes difficult, and it is found that these problems can be solved if the suspended load can be moved with respect to the trolley, and the present invention I thought about it.

That is, one aspect of the present invention is a crane having a trolley traversing the traveling direction of the crane and one or more moving devices AA for moving a suspended load with respect to the trolley. The AA can perform at least one of (1) moving the suspended load in the transverse direction with respect to the trolley and (2) moving the suspended load in the traveling direction with respect to the trolley. It is a crane.

Another aspect of the present invention is a method for moving a suspended load by a crane having a trolley that traverses the traveling direction of the crane, wherein (1) the suspended load is moved in the transverse direction with respect to the trolley. And (2) moving the suspended load in the traveling direction with respect to the trolley, the suspended load moving method using a crane.

According to the present invention described above, it becomes possible to quickly and easily adjust the position of the suspended load, particularly fine adjustment.

In the present invention, it is preferable that (3) rotating the suspended load can be executed, and in particular, the moving device AA can execute it. This is because it may be necessary to slightly rotate the suspended load, especially when the suspended load is placed on the dolly.

A moving device BB that allows the moving device AA to move the suspended load in the transverse direction with respect to the trolley, and a moving device CC that allows the suspended load to move in the traveling direction with respect to the trolley. It is preferable that at least one of By using each of these two behaviors, or in combination,
This is because the position of the suspended load can be changed variously with respect to the trolley.

Further, the suspended load suspending rope R1 is moved in the transverse direction with respect to the trolley, and / or the suspended load suspending rope R2 is wound up in the traveling direction to suspend the suspended load from the trolley. It is preferable to be able to move the load in order to realize the movement of the suspended load according to the present invention.

At this time, the moving device BB can move the rope R1 in the transverse direction with respect to the trolley, and the moving device CC has a function of winding the rope R2 in the traveling direction. , The moving device BB
However, it is specifically preferable that the crane can move in both the boom end side direction and the girder end side direction because it is easy to realize.

Further, it is preferable that the ropes R1 can be moved so as to widen the upper ends of the ropes R1. This is because the swing of the suspended load can be reduced.

Specifically, it is preferable that the moving device BB is movable so as to widen the upper end distance between the ropes R1.

Further, it is preferable that the moving device BB is a moving device DD capable of moving the hanging load sheave S1 attached to the trolley. This is because a sheave for suspending a suspended load and a rope for suspending the suspended load can be used without newly installing a sheave, and the device can be simplified.

As the moving device CC, it is preferable to use the winding drum attached to the trolley and the auxiliary sheave S2 in combination in order to secure various operations of the suspended load.

The crane according to the present invention specifically includes a trolley traversing the traveling direction of the crane,
Four sheaves S for suspending suspended loads attached to the trolley
It is preferable to realize the above movements (1) to (3) by a combination of a moving device DD that can move 1 and / or a winding drum attached to the trolley and the auxiliary sheave S2.

In other words, the trolley traversing the traveling direction of the crane and the moving device DD for moving the four hanging sheaves S1 attached to the trolley.
And a combination of four sets of winding drums attached to the trolley and the auxiliary sheave S2, wherein the moving device DD moves to move the hanging load suspending rope R1 in a transverse direction with respect to the trolley. And the winding drum can be operated to move to the
It is preferable to operate so as to wind or unwind 2, and it is preferable to realize the movements (1) to (3) by operating the moving device DD and / or the winding drum.

This is because the function according to the present invention can be reasonably and easily realized while utilizing the function of the conventional crane.

By combining the above features,
It becomes possible to quickly and easily adjust the traveling direction movement, the transverse movement movement, and the rotation adjustment, particularly the fine adjustment, of the position of the suspended load. In addition, swinging of the suspended load during movement is reduced.

Further features of the present invention will be clarified in the embodiments of the invention and the drawings described below.

[0038]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that these drawings and the like and the description only illustrate the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. It goes without saying that other embodiments may belong to the scope of the present invention as long as they match the gist of the present invention.

Moving the suspended load with respect to the trolley as described above means that the suspended load is moved by a crane having a trolley that traverses the traveling direction of the crane.
It is feasible if at least one of (1) moving the suspended load in the transverse direction with respect to the trolley and (2) moving the suspended load in the traveling direction with respect to the trolley. .

In the present invention, "moving with respect to the trolley" means changing the position spatially relative to the trolley, as in the case where the trolley moves even when it is stationary. Means that.

By doing so, it is not necessary to move the crane itself or the trolley having a large inertia, and it becomes possible to quickly and easily adjust the position of the suspended load, particularly fine adjustment.

Furthermore, if the opposite moving directions with respect to the transverse direction and / or the traveling direction are given at the same time, (3) it becomes possible to rotate the suspended load.

With this arrangement, since the girder end sheave is not moved, the tension of the rope does not change, the relationship between the movement operation amount and the rotation amount of the suspended load is simplified, and the operation becomes easy.

In the following, a trolley traversing the traveling direction of the crane, a moving device DD for moving the four hanging sheaves S1 attached to the trolley, and a trolley attached to the trolley. A crane having four sets of wound drums and a combination of auxiliary sheaves S2, which is operated by moving the moving device DD so as to move the suspended load suspending rope R1 in a transverse direction with respect to the trolley. The winding drum can be operated so as to wind or unwind the suspended load suspending auxiliary rope R2, and by the operation of the moving device DD and / or the winding drum, the above-mentioned (1) to (3) can be performed. A crane that can perform at least one of them will be specifically described. In the following description, a "spreader" is used instead of the "hanging load".

The spreader is used to grip a suspended load and raise and lower it with a rope. Therefore, if the spreader can be moved, the suspended load can also be moved. In addition, it is often necessary to align the spreader before it is attached to the suspended load.

As described above, the present invention includes the case where the suspended load is not directly suspended by the rope. When a suspending device such as a spreader is used, such suspending device itself or The combination of the suspension device and the suspended load should be understood as a “suspended load”.

In FIG. 3, the sheaves 312 to 315 attached to the trolley 311 move in the transverse direction (the direction of the arrow X and the arrow Y) to move the spreader 320 to the trolley 311.
On the other hand, it is shown that the operation can be performed so as to move in the transverse direction (direction of arrow X and arrow Y). The trolley 311 is shown by a dotted line for simplification. Sheaves 316-319
Is fixed on the spreader 320. Further, the sheaves 312 to 315 themselves can be moved. That is, the sheaves 312 to 315 are an example of a moving device DD that makes it possible to move the sheave for suspending suspended loads S1.

In FIG. 3, the following operations can be performed.

(A) To widen the distance between the upper ends of the ropes.

A set of the sheave 312 and the sheave 314 is X.
In the direction, a pair of sheave 313 and sheave 315 can be moved in the Y direction to widen the interval between the upper ends of the ropes. As a result, the suspended load is lifted with a wider width, and swing of the suspended load is reduced. This is especially effective when the trolley traverses along the main girder. If the X direction is the boom end direction, the Y direction is the girder end direction.

(B) Moving the spreader.

By moving the set of sheaves 312 and 314 and the set of sheaves 313 and 315 in one of the X and Y directions, the spreader can be quickly and easily mounted on the trolley. 320 can be moved (shifted) in the transverse direction.

The above two operations (a) and (b) can be performed in combination.

(C) Rotating the spreader.

For example, with the sheave 312 and the sheave 315 fixed, the sheave 314 is moved in the X direction and the sheave 313 is moved.
By moving in the Y direction and giving opposite directions of movement at the same time,
A rotary motion is generated in the spreader. In this way, since the tension of the rope passing through these sheaves does not need to change, it is easy to grasp the amount of change and the operation can be performed quickly and easily.

As shown in FIG. 3, since two sheaves are hung on each, the tensions of the ropes cancel each other out, and the sheaves can be easily moved with a small force.

Further, FIG. 4 shows winding drums 411 and 4 for winding and unwinding another rope for suspending the spreader.
12 and sheaves 413 to 416 are shown attached to the trolley 311. For simplicity, the trolley 311 on which these winding drums and sheaves are mounted is not shown. In this case, the other end of the rope is fixed to the spreader 417.

In the present invention, to wind in the running direction means that the winding direction (X ', Y'directions) of the winding drum is substantially parallel to the running direction as shown in FIG. means.

In the present invention, the term "combination of four winding drums and auxiliary sheave S2" means:
This is not necessarily limited to the case where there are actually four combinations of winding drums and the auxiliary sheave S2, and includes the case where one winding drum has the functions of two winding drums as shown in FIG.

In FIG. 4, winding drums 411, 412
With the combination of the and sheaves 413 to 416, “(b) moving the spreader” can be executed quickly and easily in the traveling direction. In other words, shifting to the driving method is quick and easy.

That is, if the winding drum 411 is wound in the X'direction and the winding drum 412 is unwound in the Y'direction,
The spreader can be moved in the front left direction in FIG. Further, by reversing this operation, the spreader can be moved in the right rear direction in FIG.

Further, if the amount of winding and unwinding is increased, the suspended load itself can be tilted. This is useful when correcting trim (tilt in container longitudinal direction) and wrist (tilt in container anti-longitudinal direction).

In the above description, when the auxiliary sheave is not specifically mentioned, the hanging load sheave mainly bears the load of the suspended load, whereas the auxiliary sheave mainly applies the load for the above movement. This is because it means paying.

By doing so, a small output drum can be selected as the winding drum.

However, this does not mean that, of the moving device BB and the moving device CC, the moving device BB always bears the load of the suspended load.

FIG. 5 shows a combination of the sheave of FIG. 3 and the combination of the winding drum and sheave of FIG.
The trolley is not shown.

As shown in FIG. 5, the rope passing through the sheave in FIG. 3 is wound by the main winding drum 14, and by unwinding, the suspended load can be moved up and down, and the structure of the trolley is not hindered. ing.

The rope wound around the winding drum is different from the rope passing through the sheave in FIG. Therefore, since the load of the container can be mainly borne by the rope through the sheave in FIG. 3, it is possible to prevent the rope wound around the winding drum from being excessively tensioned.

That is, the rope through the sheave in FIG. 3 is an example of the hanging load suspending rope R1, and the rope wound around the winding drum is the suspending load suspending auxiliary rope R2.
Is an example.

It is desirable that at least one set of the ropes be suspended by crossing the spreader as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. This is because it is effective in preventing the hanging load from swinging and rotating. For this purpose, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, it is preferable that the number of crosses is an even number, and the cross directions are opposite directions such as clockwise and counterclockwise when viewed from above.

An example of how the sheave shown in FIG. 3 and the combination of the winding drum and the sheave shown in FIG. 4 are arranged on the trolley is as follows.

FIG. 7 is a model view of the combination of the sheave of FIG. 3 and the winding drum and sheave of FIG. 4 seen from above.

FIG. 8 is a model view of the sheave of FIG. 3 viewed from the side. The number 81 in FIG. 8 indicates a rope for suspending a suspended load, but the other numbers in FIGS.
According to.

Although the invention of the present application has been described above based on a specific example, the invention of the present application is not limited thereto, and any known means can be adopted as long as it does not violate the gist of the invention of the present application. May be.

Instead of the moving device DD or the combination of the winding drum and the sheave, the above-mentioned moving device AA can be used.

In addition, the moving device BB and the moving device C described above
It is also possible to use C.

Specifically, as the mobile devices AA to DD,
Unless it goes against the gist of the present invention, a combination of a sheave and a movable carriage on which the sheave is mounted, in which case the carriage mounts a plurality of sheep, a combination of a winding drum and a sheave, and a winding drum only The thing of which a sheave can move with respect to a winding drum, etc. can be illustrated. Further, the positional relationship between the trolley and the winding may be any one as long as it does not violate the gist of the present invention.

Further, when the number of mobile devices AA to DD is one or a set, the stability of the operation may be impaired and some functions may not be executed, but the number is not particularly limited. However, from the viewpoint of operation stability, an even number, particularly 2 groups or 2 groups, or 4 groups or 4 groups is preferable.

In the present invention, the suspended load is not limited to the container, and any crane may be used. The crane is not limited to the container crane and may be any crane.

As can be understood from the above description,
Not only the combination of the sheave and the winding drum, but more generally, the moving device BB and the moving device CC according to the present invention.
Considering the requirements for and, the mobile device BB
The hanging load suspension rope R1 can be moved in the transverse direction with respect to the trolley, and the moving device CC has a function of winding the suspended load suspension auxiliary rope R2 in the traveling direction.
That the moving device BB can move in both the boom end side direction and the girder end side direction of the crane,
The moving device BB is movable so as to widen the upper end distance between the ropes R1, and the moving device BB is a moving device DD capable of moving the suspended load sheave S1 attached to the trolley. It is preferable that the moving device CC is a combination of the winding drum attached to the trolley and the auxiliary sheave S2.
This is because it becomes possible to quickly and easily finely adjust the traveling direction movement, the transverse movement movement, and the rotation of the position of the suspended load. Moreover, the swing of the suspended load during movement is reduced.

In the present invention, it is useful to move the suspended load suspending rope R1 in the transverse direction with respect to the trolley because the suspended load can be moved with respect to the trolley. It is useful to wind the suspending auxiliary rope R2 in the traveling direction by doing so, even if the moving devices AA to DD are not moved.
This is because the suspended load can be moved.

Further, it is preferable that the moving device BB is a shelving suspending sheave S1 attached to the trolley, and the moving device CC is a combination of a winding drum attached to the trolley and an auxiliary sheave S2. Specifically, the crane has a trolley that traverses in the traveling direction of the crane, a moving device DD that allows the four hanging sheaves S1 attached to the trolley to move, and an attachment to the trolley. 4 sets of wound drum and auxiliary sheave S2
And a combination of the moving device DD, and the rope R1 for suspending a suspended load can be operated so as to move in a transverse direction with respect to the trolley, and the winding drum can suspend the suspended load. A crane that can be operated to wind or unwind the auxiliary rope R2 for use, and can perform at least one of the above operations (1) to (3) by operating the moving device DD and / or the winding drum. However, this is because the effect of the present invention can be reliably exhibited with a simple structure.

In the above description, the moving devices AA to DD according to the present invention may be installed at any place as long as they do not violate the gist of the present invention, but it is most practical to attach them to the trolley. is there.

[0084]

According to the present invention, it is possible to quickly and easily adjust the position of the suspended load in the suspended load work of the crane, particularly fine adjustment.

Also, the swing of the suspended load during movement can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a container crane.

FIG. 2 is a perspective model diagram for explaining movements of a trolley and a rope of the container crane.

FIG. 3 is a perspective model view showing how the sheave attached to the trolley can operate the spreader so as to move in a transverse direction with respect to the trolley.

FIG. 4 is a perspective model view showing a state in which a winding drum and a sheave are attached to a trolley.

5 is a perspective model view showing a state in which the combination of the sheave of FIG. 3 and the winding drum and sheave of FIG. 4 is combined.

FIG. 6 is a perspective model view showing a state in which a spreader is crossed and suspended.

FIG. 7 is a model view of the combination of the sheave of FIG. 3 and the winding drum and sheave of FIG. 4 as viewed from above.

FIG. 8 is a model view of the sheave of FIG. 3 as seen from the side.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 container crane 2 quay 3 running rails 4 hind legs 5 front legs 6 main girder 7 boom 8 crane girder 9 containers 10 spreaders 11 rope 12 trolley 13 sheaves 14 Main winding drum 15 girder end sieve 16 Boom end 17 Garda End 18 dolly 311 trolley 312-319 Sheave 320 spreader 411,412 Winding drum 413-416 Sheave 311 trolley 417 spreader 81 Rope for hanging loads

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. A crane having a trolley traversing the traveling direction of the crane and one or more moving devices AA capable of moving a suspended load with respect to the trolley, wherein the moving device AA comprises (1) A crane capable of performing at least one of moving a suspended load in a transverse direction with respect to the trolley and (2) moving the suspended load in a traveling direction with respect to the trolley. 2. The crane according to claim 1, wherein the moving device AA can perform (3) rotating the suspended load. 3. A moving device BB that allows the moving device AA to move the suspended load in the transverse direction with respect to the trolley, and a moving device CC that allows the suspended load to move in the traveling direction with respect to the trolley. The crane according to claim 1 or 2, comprising at least one of the above. 4. The crane according to claim 3, wherein the moving device BB can move the suspended load suspending rope R1 in a transverse direction with respect to the trolley. 5. The crane according to claim 3, wherein the moving device CC has a function of winding the suspended load suspending rope R2 in a traveling direction. 6. The crane according to claim 3, wherein the moving device BB can move in any of a boom end side direction and a girder end side direction of the crane. 7. The crane according to claim 4, wherein the moving device BB is movable so as to widen a distance between upper ends of the ropes R1. 8. The moving device BB is a moving device DD capable of moving a hanging load sheave S1 attached to the trolley, and the moving device BB is a moving device DD. crane. 9. The crane according to claim 3, wherein the moving device CC is a combination of a winding drum attached to the trolley and an auxiliary sheave S2. 10. A trolley transverse to a traveling direction of a crane, and four sheaves S for suspending a suspended load attached to the trolley.
1. A crane having a moving device DD capable of moving 1 and a combination of four sets of winding drums attached to the trolley and an auxiliary sheave S2, for suspending a suspended load by moving the moving device DD. Rope R
1 can be operated to move transversely to the trolley, the winding drum can be operated to wind up or unwind the auxiliary rope R2 for hanging loads, the moving device DD and / or the winding drum. (1) moving the hanging load in the transverse direction with respect to the trolley, (2) moving the hanging load in the traveling direction with respect to the trolley, and (3) moving the hanging load. A crane capable of performing at least one of rotating. 11. A method for moving a suspended load by a crane having a trolley that traverses the traveling direction of the crane, comprising: (1) moving the suspended load in a transverse direction with respect to the trolley; A method of moving a suspended load by a crane that performs at least one of moving the suspended load in the traveling direction with respect to the trolley. 12. The method of moving a suspended load by a crane according to claim 11, wherein (3) rotating the suspended load is executed. 13. The suspended load suspending rope R1 is moved transversely to the trolley, and / or the suspended load suspending auxiliary rope R2 is wound up in the traveling direction to suspend the suspended load against the trolley. The method of moving a suspended load by a crane according to claim 11 or 12, characterized by moving the load. 14. The method of moving a suspended load by a crane according to claim 12, wherein the ropes R1 are moved so as to widen an upper end distance between the ropes R1. 15. The movement of the suspended load is performed by four sheaves S for suspending a suspended load attached to the trolley.
12. A moving device DD for making 1 movable and / or a combination of a winding drum attached to the trolley and an auxiliary sheave S2 are executed.
15. A method for moving a suspended load by the crane according to any one of to 14.