JP3420125B2 - Multipurpose crane - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a multipurpose crane. More specifically, the present invention relates to a bridge crane used in ports and the like, which is a multipurpose crane that can be used for both container handling and bulk material handling.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The cargo unloaded from a ship at a harbor or the like may be a container or a bulk cargo. Correspondingly, a bridge crane also has a container cargo handling machine or a bulk cargo handling machine. Exists. As shown in the rope winding path diagram of FIG. 7, the bridge crane for exclusive use of container handling suspends the spreader 102 from the trolley 101 and transports the container c by the spreader 102. The trolley 101 is traversed by the traverse drum 103 in the forward and reverse directions, and the spreader 102 is raised and lowered by the hoist drum 104 in the forward and reverse directions. In this container-only crane, the spreader 102 does not move up and down even when the trolley 101 traverses, but the hoisting rope 105 is wound so that it goes through the sheave 106 of the spreader 102 and the rope end is Since it cannot be connected to a hanger, the grab bucket cannot be opened or closed.

As shown in the rope hoisting route diagram of FIG. 8, the bridge crane exclusively for handling bulk goods uses a main trolley 201 and a sub trolley 207, and a main trolley 201 and a sub trolley 20.
In Fig. 7, the traverse drum 203 is made to traverse by reversing the traverse drum 203, and the glove bucket 202 is suspended from the main trolley 201.
From the hoisting / opening / closing drum 204, two supporting ropes and two opening / closing ropes 205 (only one is shown) are extended via the auxiliary trolley 207 and the main trolley 201, and the grab bucket 202 Are linked to. Since the open / close rope 205 can be connected to the glove bucket 202 in this dedicated crane for loose goods, the glove bucket 202 can be opened and closed. As mentioned above, the cranes for containers and the cranes for bulk materials have different basic configurations, and both cannot be used.

By the way, it is efficient to use the dedicated machine as described above in large ports, but in small and medium ports, a dual-purpose machine that can be used for both container handling and bulk material handling is more convenient. As such a dual-purpose type multi-purpose crane, there is a conventional example I described in JP-A-9-249380. In this conventional example I, a main trolley and an auxiliary trolley are used to suspend a grab bucket outside the spreader and prevent vertical movement of the lifting device. Furthermore, separate drums for the spreader and the grab bucket are used. I am trying to equip a rope.

However, the conventional example I has the following problems. (1) Since the main trolley and the supplementary trolley are used, the mechanical structure is large and complicated. (2) With a crane that uses a main trolley and a supplementary trolley, the traverse position of the trolley changes depending on the size of the load, and it is difficult to perform alignment when loading and unloading containers. (3) Since the drums and ropes for bulk handling and container handling are provided separately, the rope winding route is quite complicated and the manufacturing cost is high.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, according to the present invention, the structure is simple, there is no change in the traverse position due to load, and the exchange work between bulk material handling and container cargo handling can be easily performed, and both cargo handling operations are the same. An object of the present invention is to provide a multi-purpose crane that can be used with a winding device and a rope.

[0007]

A multipurpose crane according to claim 1 has a girder mounted on the land side of a crane body composed of a sea leg and a land leg, a boom mounted on the sea side, and a trolley on the girder and the boom. In a multi-purpose crane that traverses and uses either a spreader or a grab bucket as a lifting device, it is installed on the support rope hoisting drum and the opening and closing rope hoisting drum installed in the machine room, and on the sea side tip of the boom. Two guide sheaves and two rope terminal fixing brackets attached, two guide sheaves and two rope terminal fixing brackets attached to the land side rear end of the girder, and a sea attached to the trolley. The four guide sheaves on the side and the four guide sheaves on the land and the support rope hoisting drum are wound at one end in the same direction and at the other end. It is detachable by forming metal, and two and supporting rope detachable to the rope terminal fixing bracket,
The opening and closing rope hoisting drum comprises two opening and closing ropes, one end of which is wound in the same direction and the other end of which is attachable and detachable by a connecting fitting, and which is attachable and detachable to and from the rope terminal fixing fitting. Characterize.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the multipurpose crane according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the spreader has turning sheaves around four corners of an upper surface of the spreader for winding a rope unloaded from the trolley. . A multipurpose crane according to a third aspect is the invention according to the first aspect, wherein the grab bucket includes an upper sheave box and a lower sheave box, and the lifting sheave and the opening and closing sheave are pivotally supported by the upper sheave box. An opening / closing sheave is pivotally supported on the lower sheave box. A multipurpose crane according to a fourth aspect is the invention according to the first aspect, wherein a cable end stopper is attached to the other ends of the two support ropes, and a cable end stopper is attached to the other ends of the two open / close ropes. Is attached, and the connecting metal fitting detachably connects the shackle that detachably connects the rope end stoppers of the two support ropes to the shackle of the two opening and closing ropes. A shackle, wherein the rope end fixing bracket is composed of two fixed shackles attached to the sea-side tip of the boom and two fixed shackles attached to the land-side rear end of the girder. To do.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 6 is a side view of the multipurpose crane according to the embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, W is a quay, S is a ship, CR is a crane of this embodiment, and R is a traveling rail of a crane CR.

The multipurpose crane CR of the present invention has a shape similar to that of a conventional bridge crane. In other words, it has a crane body 1 consisting of land landing gear 2 and sea landing gear 3,
Travel on the traveling rail R. Then, the girder 5 is fixed to the sea leg 3 and the land leg 2 and extended to the land side, and the girder 5 is attached to the sea leg 3 side of the girder 5 so that the boom 4 can be undulated toward the sea side. There is. Further, the trolley 6 is adapted to traverse along the boom 4 and the girder 5. Further, a spreader 8 or a grab bucket, which will be described later, is selectively suspended from the trolley 6 as a suspending tool. In addition, c is a container.

A machine room 9 is installed on the girder 5,
A hoisting drum 15 including a hoisting drum 11 for hoisting the boom 4, a traverse drum 12 for traversing the trolley 6, a support rope hoisting drum 13 and an opening and closing rope hoisting drum 14.
Is provided. Reference numeral 16 denotes two guide sheaves rotatably attached near the upper end of the sea leg 3, and 17 denotes two guide sheaves rotatably attached near the connection point of the sea leg 3 with the girder 5. Reference numeral 18 is two guide sheaves supported by the sea-side tip of the boom 4, 19 is two guide sheaves supported by the land-side rear end of the girder 5, and 21 is supported by the sea-side tip of the boom 4. Number of guide sheaves, 22 is girder 5
It is two guide sheaves supported on the land-side rear end of.

As shown in FIG. 2, the trolley 6 includes:
Two guide sheaves 31 and 32 are pivotally supported on the sea side of the central portion, and two guide sheaves 33 and 34 are on the land side of the central portion.
Is pivotally supported. Further, guide sheaves 35 and 36 are pivotally supported on the front sea side and land side, and guide sheaves 37 and 38 are pivotally supported on the rear sea side and land side. Furthermore, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, turning sheaves 81, 82, 83, 84 are pivotally supported at the four corners of the upper surface of the spreader 8. 8
Reference numeral 1 is a near sea side, 82 is a deep sea side, 83 is a near sea side, and 84 is a diversion side sheave.

FIG. 4 shows a rope winding path in the grab bucket 7. Reference numeral 71 denotes an upper sheave box, which includes a shelving sheave 72 in the center and open / close sheaves 7 on both sides thereof.
3,74 are pivotally supported. A lower sheave box 75 has three open / close sheaves 76, 77, and 78 pivotally supported. The upper sheave box 71 holds the entire grab bucket, and the lower sheave box 75 opens the grab bucket when lowered by its own weight, and closes the bucket when raised.

FIG. 5 shows the rope end stop fittings and connecting fittings of each rope. In (A) and (B), 10
Is a rope end metal fitting for each rope, and is a metal fitting with a U-shaped bar or the like for passing a shackle or the like at the end. (A) 51 shown in the figure
Is a shackle and is a rope end stopper 10 for two ropes.
It is a connecting fitting that connects and separates each other. (B) 52 shown in the figure is a fixed shackle fixed to a boom or garter, and is a connecting metal fitting for freely connecting the rope end upper metal fitting 10 of each rope. As shown in FIG. 2, the fixed shackles 52 are attached to the boom at two front ends and the girder at two rear ends. In addition to the shackles 51 and 52, any metal fitting may be used as the connecting metal fitting as long as the rope can be attached and the ropes can be connected to each other.

Next, the winding path of the traverse ropes R3 and R4 for traversing the trolley 6 will be described with reference to FIG. A traverse rope R3 on the sea side and a traverse rope R4 on the land side are wound around and fixed to the traverse drum 12 in opposite directions. One of the two traverse ropes R3 on the sea side is wound around a guide sheave 18 that extends toward the boom tip side and is rotatably attached to the boom tip side, and then extends in the direction of the trolley 6 to extend onto the trolley 6. It is wound around each horizontal guide sheave 23, extended again to the boom tip side, wound around the guide sheave 18, folded back, and again fixed to the traverse drum 12 at the other end. In addition, 2 on the land side
One of the traversing ropes R4 of the book is extended to the rear end side of the girder and wound around a guide sheave 19 rotatably attached to the rear end of the girder, and then extended in the direction of the trolley 6 to extend the two horizontal ropes on the trolley 6. Wrap around the guide sheave 24,
The girder is again extended to the rear end side, wrapped around the guide sheave 19 and folded back, and the other end is fixed to the traverse drum 12 again. In this way, the two traverse ropes R3, R4 are wound around, and the traverse drum 12 allows the trolley 6 to traverse by simultaneously unwinding and rewinding the two traverse ropes R3, R4. That is, when the traverse drum 12 is rotated in one direction, the trolley 6 moves to the sea side, and when the traverse drum 12 is rotated in the opposite direction, the main trolley 6 moves to the land side. In this way, the trolley 6 can freely traverse along the boom 4 and the girder 5.

Next, a rope winding path in the multipurpose crane CR will be described. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a winding route of a support rope R1 and an opening / closing rope R2 during bulk cargo handling, and FIG. 2 is a support rope R during container cargo handling.
It is a winding route explanatory drawing of 1 and the opening and closing rope R2. First, a rope winding path when the grab bucket 7 is used as a hanging tool will be described with reference to FIG. One ends of two support ropes R11 and R12 are both wound and fixed in the same direction on the support rope winding drum 13 (hereinafter referred to as the support drum 13). One of the support ropes R11 is passed through the guide sheave 16 of the sea leg 3 and wrapped around the guide sheave 21 at the tip of the boom to be folded back.
It is wound around a guide sheave 32 on the deep sea side of the trolley 6, guided downward, and passed through the glove bucket 7.
Although the rope path in the grab bucket 7 will be described later, the rope R11 is again guided upward, wound around the guide sheave 33 on the front land side of the trolley 6 and guided to the rear of the girder 5. The other end of this rope R11 is the shackle 5
1 and is connected to the other end of the other support rope R12. The other support rope R12 is unwound from the support drum 13 to the land side, and the guide sheave 2 at the rear end of the girder 5 on the land side.
It is wound around 2 and folded back, and is connected to the other end of the support rope R11 by the shackle 51.

The opening / closing rope winding drum 14 (hereinafter referred to as the opening / closing drum 14) has two opening / closing ropes R21.
, R22 has one end wound and fixed in the same direction. One of the opening and closing ropes R21 is wrapped around the guide sheave 21 at the tip of the boom through the guide sheave 16 of the sea leg 3 and folded back, and is wrapped around the guide sheave 31 on the front sea side on the trolley 6 and is lowered downward. And is passed through the glove bucket 7. The rope winding path in the grab bucket 7 will be described later, but
The R21 is again guided upward, wound around the guide sheave 34 on the inland side of the trolley 6 and guided to the rear end of the girder 5. The other end of this rope 21 has another shackle 51
And is connected to the other end of the other open / close rope R22. The other opening / closing rope R22 is unwound from the opening / closing drum 14 to the land side, and is wound around the guide sheave 22 at the rear end of the girder 5 on the land side and folded back.
1 is connected to the other end of the opening / closing rope R21.

The rope winding path in the grab bucket 7 will be described with reference to FIG. The support rope R11 is unloaded from the trolley 6 and wound around the lifting sheave 72 of the upper sheave box 71, and is guided upward to reach the trolley 6. The support lobe R11 supports and lifts the glove bucket 7. The opening and closing rope R21 is unloaded from the trolley 6 and wound around the two opening and closing sheaves 73 and 74 of the upper sheave box 71 and the three opening and closing sheaves 76, 77 and 78 of the lower sheave box 75 in order and guided upward. , Trolley 6 has been reached. This sheave 76 ~
When the opening and closing rope R21 wound around 78 is unrolled, the lower sheave box 75 is opened by the weight of the lower sheave box 75. On the other hand, if you wind the opening and closing rope R21, lower sheave box 7
5 is pulled up and the bucket is closed. In this way, the grab bucket 7 is opened and closed by unwinding and winding the opening and closing rope R21.

Next, a method of using the multipurpose crane according to this embodiment will be described. (1) Loose cargo handling using grab bucket 7 The rope winding route when using grab bucket 7 is
This is as described based on FIGS. 1 and 4. Therefore, when the support drum 13 is rotated in the clockwise direction (direction a), the support ropes R11 and R12 are wound together, and the grab bucket 7 rises, and when rotated in the counterclockwise direction (direction b), the support ropes R11, R12 is fed together and the grab bucket 7 descends. Then, the bucket can be closed by rotating the opening / closing drum 14 in the clockwise direction (direction a) and opened by rotating in the counterclockwise direction (direction b). The traverse of the trolley 6 and the traverse of the grab bucket 7 are moved to the land side by the clockwise (a direction) rotation of the traverse drum 12 shown in FIG. 3, and to the sea side by the counterclockwise (b direction) rotation. When the support rope R11 and the opening / closing rope 21 are traversed in this way, the sheave 72 and the sheaves 73 to 74, 76 of the upper sheave block 71 of the grab bucket 7 are removed.
Since it only passes through ~ 78, the grab bucket 7 does not move up and down. (2) Container Handling Using Spreader 6 Next, a procedure for changing the rope winding route when changing the cargo handling using the grab bucket 7 to the cargo handling using the spreader 6 will be described. First, the two jackles 51 shown in FIG. 1 are separated. Then, the support rope R11 and the opening / closing rope R21 are pulled out from the grab bucket 7. And FIG.
Reconnect as shown in. Ie support rope R1
1 is stopped through the sheave 32 on the central sea side of the trolley 6 → the sheave 82 on the deep sea side of the spreader 8 → the sheave 37 on the deep sea side of the trolley 6 to the fixed shackle 52 on the rear end of the land side of the girder 5. The support rope R12 is fixed to the fixed shackle 52 at the tip on the sea side of the boom 4 via the sheave 33 on the central land side of the trolley 6 → the sheave 83 on the front land side of the spreader 8 → the sheave 36 on the front land side of the trolley 6. Open and close the rope R21
The sheave 31 on the center sea side of the trolley 6 → the sheave 81 on the sea side in front of the spreader 8 → the sheave 33 on the land side in front of the trolley 6 and then the stationary shackle 52 at the rear end of the land side of the girder 5 are stopped. The opening / closing rope R22 is stopped to the fixed shackle 52 at the tip on the sea side of the boom 4 via the sheave 34 on the inland side of the trolley 6 → the sheave 84 on the inland side of the spreader 8 → the sheave 38 on the inland side of the trolley 6.

According to the above rope winding structure, the four ropes R11, R12, R21 and R22 hang up the four corners of the spreader 8, so that the spreader 8 can be hung up horizontally. Therefore, the support drum 1
If the spreader 8 can be moved up and down by operating 3 and the opening / closing drum 14 in synchronization, the spreader 8 can be traversed by the operation of the traverse drum 12, and container movement can be performed by combining these movements. You can

As described above, according to the multi-purpose crane of this embodiment, the spreader cargo handling can also be the grab bucket cargo handling.

According to this embodiment described above, the following effects can be obtained. (1) It is possible to perform bulk material handling using the glove bucket 7 as a lifting tool even though it is configured to use only one trolley 6. (2) Even if the trolley 6 traverses, the support rope R1
Wraps around the hoisting sheave 72 in the grab bucket 7 while passing around, and the opening and closing rope R21 also wraps around the opening and closing sheaves 73 to 78 inside the glove bucket 7 and moves up and down the glove bucket 7. Since no force is generated, the grab bucket 7 does not move up and down. (3) The rope between the grab bucket 7 and the spreader 8 can be easily switched. (4) Grab bucket loading and spreader loading can be performed using the same hoisting drums 13 and 14. (5) Spreader 8 at the time of cargo handling using spreader 8
The supporting ropes R1 and the opening and closing ropes R2 that suspend the ropes bear the load only by them, and do not affect the traverse ropes R3 and R4. That is, the traverse of the trolley 6 is the traverse drum 1
Since it is performed only when the traverse ropes R3 and R4 are wound up and tied out by 2, the positional deviation of the trolley 6 due to the magnitude of the load does not occur.

[0023]

According to the invention of claim 1, in the connecting metal fitting,
If the other ends of the two support ropes and the other ends of the two open / close ropes are connected, the middle of the support rope is wrapped around the support sheave of the grab bucket, and the middle of the open / close rope is opened and closed. The grab bucket can be hung around the sheave, the grab bucket can be suspended, the connecting fittings can be removed, and the other ends of the two support ropes and the two open / close ropes can be attached to the sea-side tip of the boom and the land-side rear end of the girder. If the ropes are joined together, it is possible to suspend the spreader by winding the ropes around the turning sheaves at the four corners of the spreader. As described above, by simply changing the support rope and the opening and closing rope, the rope can be used for both bulk material handling and container handling, and the following effects can be obtained. (1) A single trolley can be used to handle bulk goods using a grab bucket as a hanging tool. (2) The grab bucket does not move up and down even when the trolley traverses. (3) It is easy to change the rope between the grab bucket and the spreader. (4) Grab bucket loading and spreader loading can be performed using the same hoisting drum. (5) During loading and unloading using a spreader, the trolley will not be displaced due to the size of the load. According to the invention of claim 2, since the spreader can be suspended by the ropes that have been lowered from the trolley by the turning sheaves at the four corners of the spreader, it is possible to carry out container loading and unloading by using a rope that also serves as a grab bucket. Claim 3
According to the invention, the rope is wound around the hanging sheave and the grab bucket is hung, and the glove bucket can be opened and closed by winding the rope around the open / close sheave of the upper and lower sheave boxes. Can be used for bulk handling. According to the invention of claim 4, the rope ends can be easily joined to the boom end and the girder end by uncoupling the shackles, so that the ropes can be easily replaced and the work efficiency is improved. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a winding route of a support rope R1 and an opening / closing rope R2 during a bulk material handling operation.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a winding route of a support rope R1 and an opening / closing rope R2 during container loading and unloading.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a winding route of traverse ropes R3 and R4.

FIG. 4 is a rope winding path in the grab bucket 7.

[FIG. 5] (A) is an explanatory view of the mounting metal fitting 51 for mounting, (B)
The figure is an illustration of a connecting fitting for connecting ropes.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the multipurpose crane according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a rope winding route diagram of a bridge crane dedicated to container handling.

[Fig. 8] Fig. 8 is a rope winding route diagram of a bridge crane dedicated to bulk cargo handling.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 crane body 2 landing gear 3 sea leg 4 boom 5 girder 6 trolley 7 grab bucket 12 Traverse drum 13 Support drum 14 Opening and closing drum R3, R4 traverse rope R11, R12 support rope R21, R22 open / close rope

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B66C 11/00-19/02

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A girder is attached to the land side of a crane body composed of a sea leg and land limbs, a boom is attached to the sea side, a trolley traverses on the girder and the boom, and a spreader or a grab bucket is used as a hanging tool. In a multi-purpose crane to be used by selecting one, a supporting rope hoisting drum and an opening and closing rope hoisting drum installed in a machine room, two guide sheaves and two Rope end fixings, two guide sheaves and two rope end fixings attached to the land side rear end of the girder, and the sea side attached to the trolley 4
One guide sheave and four guide sheaves on the land side, and the support rope hoisting drum, one end of which is wound in the same direction as each other, and the other end of which is freely attachable and detachable by a connecting metal fitting,
Also, two support ropes that are detachably attached to the rope terminal fixing metal and one end of the support rope winding drum are wound in the same direction, and the other ends of the rope are freely attachable and detachable by a connecting metal, and the rope is Detachable to the terminal fixing bracket 2
A multi-purpose crane characterized by consisting of a rope for opening and closing a book. 2. The spreader has four corners on its upper surface,
The multipurpose crane according to claim 1, further comprising a turning sheave around which the rope unloaded from the trolley is wound. 3. The grab bucket includes an upper sheave box and a lower sheave box, the hanging sheave and the opening and closing sheaves are pivotally supported by the upper sheave box, and the opening and closing sheave is pivotally provided in the lower sheave box. The multipurpose crane according to claim 1, which is supported. 4. A cable end stopper is attached to the other ends of the two support ropes, and a cable end stopper is attached to the other ends of the two opening / closing ropes, and the connecting bracket is The shackle that detachably connects the rope end stoppers of the two support ropes to each other, and the shackle that detachably connects the rope end stoppers of the two open / close ropes to each other. 2. The multipurpose crane according to claim 1, comprising two fixed shackles attached to the tip of the boom on the sea side and two fixed shackles attached to the rear end of the girder on the land side.