JP2003161693A - System and method for deterioration evaluation and lifecycle cost, of concrete structure considering meteorological environment, program for the method, and recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system in which a computer easily and efficiently estimates a plurality of deterioration factors and a lifecycle cost of a concrete structure by using a geographical information system and a plurality of databases. <P>SOLUTION: A database 9 includes a topographical database 901, a database of objects to be estimated 903, a weather environment database 905, a database of concrete blending at each area 907 and the like. A user estimates the deterioration of concrete structures in the whole country by using an interactive mode of the computer 3 in the system for estimating deterioration and lifecycle cost 1. When the user specifies a concrete structure which is an object to be estimated, a value and a rank of estimation are calculated for each estimation item and displayed on a display 5. The user also examines the lifecycle cost calculated for each of items of the maintenance management policy, the content of maintenance management and the content of check, and thereby can carry out checking and repairing the structure on schedule at a reasonable cost and at the suitable time. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and system for quantitatively evaluating life cycle costs for deterioration and maintenance of concrete structures due to salt damage, neutralization and frost damage.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Deterioration of concrete structures constructed during the post-war period of high growth has been occurring for more than 30 years, which is one social problem. In recent years, salt damage,
Many studies have been conducted with attention paid to the relationship between weathering and deterioration such as neutralization and frost damage.

Regarding the relationship between the meteorological environment and the deterioration of concrete structures, the meteorological environment conditions considered to affect the deterioration are arranged in the form of a paper map. For example,
"Durability Expert Committee Report D-1 Factor map that impairs durability" compiled by the Japan Cement Association (April 1985)
Month).

Further, as an example of researching the relationship between neutralization, salt damage, frost damage and meteorological environment for concrete structures all over Japan, the Japan Concrete Engineering Association "Durability Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures" Concept "(Research Committee on Durability Design Method for Reinforced Concrete Structures, 199
There is 1).

[0005]

However, in the paper map of the above-mentioned meteorological environment condition, only the statistical values of the meteorological environment are arranged in the paper map. No cost evaluation is done.

Further, in the above-mentioned "Concept regarding durability design of reinforced concrete structure", the research result is a macroscopic deterioration evaluation result shown in the paper, and it is difficult to use it in practice. In addition, for the quantitative evaluation of deterioration of concrete structures in consideration of meteorological environment conditions, there is no practical deterioration evaluation method considering combined deterioration under combined meteorological environment.

[0007] In addition, the geographic information system (Geograp
There is no case where the Hic Information System is used for deterioration evaluation and life cycle cost evaluation of concrete structures.

Further, there is no system capable of comparing and examining life cycle costs (maintenance management costs) according to the maintenance management policy, maintenance management quality, contents and frequency of concrete structures.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to evaluate deterioration and life cycle of a concrete structure by a computer using a geographical information system and a plurality of databases. The cost is to be evaluated.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the first invention is a database for holding meteorological environment data, concrete mix data by region, structure data for evaluation, and map data concerning topography, If you select a point and select or enter the characteristic data on the concrete structure from the structure data to be evaluated, based on the meteorological environment data on the point, concrete mix data by area, topographic data and the characteristic data on the concrete structure. And a means for calculating a deterioration index of concrete and a life cycle cost, the deterioration evaluation system and the life cycle cost evaluation system for a concrete structure.

The meteorological environment data is data such as average temperature, average sunshine duration, and average rainfall in the past several years. The regional concrete mix data is regional data on the water-cement ratio by cement type. Topographic data is background map data in addition to deterioration evaluation data such as altitude and shore distance. The structure data to be evaluated is the characteristic data of the concrete structure to be evaluated, and the elapsed years, covering thickness, cement type, water cement ratio, steel (rebar) diameter, height, width and length of the structure, The installation environment of the structure. The concrete deterioration index is a salt damage deterioration index due to flying salt, a salt damage deterioration index due to a snow melting agent and an antifreezing agent, a deterioration index due to neutralization, and a deterioration index due to frost damage. The life cycle cost is the total cost of maintenance and inspection and various costs calculated from the deterioration index of the target concrete structure, the maintenance policy, the maintenance quality, and the inspection quality. The maintenance policy is
It relates to the time of repair of structures, and is classified into repair before the start of steel corrosion, repair before the start of corrosion of steel and before the occurrence of corrosion cracks, and repair after the occurrence of corrosion cracks. Maintenance quality is classified according to the repair method and service life.
Inspection quality is classified by inspection method and frequency. The deterioration evaluation system of the first invention is such that when a user selects data required for selecting a concrete structure to be evaluated from a database, and selects or inputs characteristic data relating to the concrete structure from the structure data to be evaluated. , Calculate the deterioration index and deterioration rank of concrete structures for each evaluation item, and calculate and display the life cycle cost for maintenance.

A second aspect of the present invention comprises a database that holds map data on meteorological environment data, concrete mix data by region, structure data for evaluation, and topographical data, selects a point, and selects concrete from the structure data for evaluation. When you select or enter the characteristic data about the structure, the deterioration index and life cycle cost of the concrete are calculated based on the meteorological environment data about the point, the concrete mix data by area, the terrain data, and the characteristic data about the concrete structure. A method for evaluating deterioration of a concrete structure and a method for evaluating life cycle cost, which are characterized in that they are calculated.

In the deterioration evaluation method and life cycle cost evaluation method for the concrete structure of the second invention, the concrete structure to be evaluated is selected from the database, and the characteristic data of the concrete structure is selected from the evaluation target structure data. Or, when input, the deterioration index and deterioration rank of the concrete structure are calculated for each evaluation item, and the life cycle cost for maintenance is calculated.

A third invention is a program for realizing the first invention.

The program of the third invention is a program for realizing the deterioration evaluation system and life cycle cost evaluation system for a concrete structure according to the first invention. This program can also be distributed via a network.

A fourth invention is a recording medium recording a program for realizing the first invention.

The recording medium of the fourth invention is a recording medium for realizing the deterioration evaluation system and life cycle cost evaluation system for a concrete structure according to the first invention. This recording medium can be distributed, and this program can be distributed via a network.

[0018]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a deterioration evaluation system and a life cycle cost evaluation system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The deterioration evaluation system and the life cycle cost evaluation system 1 have a configuration in which a display 5, a printer 7, and a database 9 are connected to a computer 3.

The user activates the deterioration evaluation system and the life cycle cost evaluation system 1, and in accordance with the instruction displayed on the display 5 of the computer 3, retrieves necessary data from the database 9 in an interactive format and becomes an evaluation target. Select or enter the characteristic data of the concrete structure. The deterioration evaluation system and the life cycle cost evaluation system 1 perform deterioration evaluation and life cycle cost evaluation of the concrete structure according to a user's instruction, and print the evaluation result and the like on the printer 7 as necessary.

The database 9 is a terrain database 90.
1. Evaluation target database 903, Meteorological environment database 905, Regional concrete mix database 907
Etc. are stored.

The terrain database 901 is map data of terrain information such as shore separation distance and altitude used for deterioration evaluation, and background map data for display.

The evaluation target database 903 is the characteristic data of the concrete structure to be evaluated. For example, railway lines and main concrete structures on the lines are evaluated. The main concrete structures are bridge piers and tunnels. In addition, the main concrete structures of national representative points are evaluated. The main concrete structure is a building or the like. That is, the data of the concrete structure to be evaluated relates to the position, structure, material, etc. of the structure. That is, the age of structure, cover thickness, cement type, water cement ratio, steel material (rebar)
Diameter, height, width and length of the structure, installation environment of the structure, etc.

In the meteorological environment database 905, the average temperature for 5 years, 10 years and 20 years and the daily maximum temperature are 0 °.
Average number of days over 5 years, 10 years, 20 years, 5 days, 10 years, 20 years, 5 days, 10 years, 20 years Humidity and average daily average humidity, 5 years, 10 years, 20 years average sea breeze rate and average wind speed, 5 years, 10 years, 20 years
Average annual sunshine hours, 5 years, 10 years, 20 years average rainfall, 5 years, 10 years, 20 years average snowfall are recorded as map data. Further, as reference data, the latitude and longitude coordinates of the national meteorological offices and Amedas observation points nationwide, which are observation points of the meteorological environment database 905, are made into a database.

[Concrete mix database 90 by region]
7 is the characteristic data depending on the region of the concrete mixture used in the deterioration index calculation described later. That is, map data such as a water cement ratio for each cement type is stored.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a processing procedure of the deterioration evaluation system and the life cycle cost evaluation system 1.
Before explaining the procedures of the concrete structure deterioration evaluation and the life cycle cost evaluation, the deterioration progress process of the concrete structure will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 3 shows the progress of deterioration of the concrete structure shown in the Japan Society of Civil Engineers Concrete Standard Specification "Maintenance Edition" established in 2001. The horizontal axis represents time (year) 21, the upper vertical axis represents deterioration degree 23, and the lower vertical axis represents performance degradation 25. The progress of deterioration of concrete is from the start of steel corrosion 11 to the incubation period 15, from the start of steel corrosion 11 to corrosion cracking 13 to the progress period 17, and corrosion cracking 1
After 3 is the acceleration period 19.

In the deterioration evaluation system and the life cycle cost evaluation system 1, according to a series of deterioration progress processes,
The deterioration evaluation and prediction from the incubation period 15 to the acceleration period 19 are performed. First, with respect to salt damage, neutralization, and frost damage that cause deterioration of the target structure, the years of each incubation period are calculated, and the shortest number of years is adopted as the incubation period 15 of the target structure. As will be described later, regarding the development period 17, the years of the development period 17 and the amount of steel corrosion are evaluated from the corrosion rate of the steel material in the concrete and the corrosion amount of steel material at the limit of occurrence of corrosion cracking. For the acceleration period 19, the amount of steel corrosion is evaluated from the corrosion rate of steel under the exposed environment.

In the present embodiment, the deterioration evaluation of the target structure is performed for each factor (salt damage, neutralization, frost damage), and further, the deterioration evaluation result of the structure, the maintenance policy, the maintenance quality and the inspection quality. Life cycle cost is evaluated as a parameter.

Before explaining the processing procedure of FIG. 2, the function of displaying the data recorded in the database 9 of the deterioration evaluation system and the life cycle cost evaluation system 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. 4 shows the initial screen 31
9 is a diagram showing a map data display setting screen 51. FIG. Figure 5
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a display screen 71 of map data.

The user operates the deterioration evaluation system and the life cycle cost evaluation system 1. First, FIG.
An initial screen 31 of the system shown in is displayed. When the map data display button 33 on the initial screen 31 is pressed, the map data display setting screen 51 is displayed.

Incidentally, the deterioration evaluation condition setting unit 35, the evaluation point setting unit 43, the concrete structure attribute setting unit 45, the evaluation calculation execution button 47, and the evaluation result display unit 4 of the initial screen 31.
Details of 9 will be described later.

On the map data display setting screen 51 expanded after the map data display button 33 is pressed, a background map setting unit 53, a weather observation point 55, an evaluation point 57, and an attribute map data setting unit 59 are displayed. The attribute map data setting section 59 displays a setting section for weather attribute data 61, topographic attribute data 63, and concrete attribute data 65. For each item, the user checks the check button to set the map data to be displayed.

The background map setting section 53 sets the contents of the background map in the topographic database 901 of the database 9. For example, the presence / absence of a coastline display and the presence / absence of a river display are set.

For the weather observation point 55, display / non-display of the Amedas observation point is set. The evaluation point 57 sets display / non-display of the evaluation point designated by the evaluation point setting unit 43 described later.

In the weather attribute data 61 section of the attribute map data setting section 59, the contents of the data display recorded in the weather environment database 905 of the database 9 are set.
For example, “average temperature (20 years)” is a 20-year average temperature distribution map, and “average rainfall (10 years)” is a 10-year average precipitation distribution map.

The terrain attribute data 63 of the attribute map data setting unit 59 includes the terrain database 90 of the database 9.
Designate display / non-display of the amount of flying salt, shore distance, and altitude recorded in 1. Concrete area attribute data 65
In the section, display / non-display of data recorded in the regional concrete mix database 907 of the database 9 is designated.

Now, on the map data display setting screen 51, when the user checks the "Average temperature (20 years)" check button and presses the OK button 69, the map data display setting screen 51 of FIG. 4 closes, The diagram shown in FIG. 5 is displayed.

FIG. 5 shows a screen display example of the weather environment database 905 of the database 9. Here, the map display portion 73 displays an average temperature distribution map for 20 years. The legend display section 75 displays display colors or patterns for each range of the average temperature.

As described above, the user can use various data recorded in the database 9 (terrain database 901, evaluation target database 903, weather environment database 90).
5. The contents of the regional concrete mix database 907) can be displayed by operating the deterioration evaluation system and the life cycle cost evaluation system 1.

Subsequently, the processing procedure of the deterioration evaluation system and the life cycle cost evaluation system 1 will be described with reference to FIG. 2, and screen display, deterioration evaluation method of the target structure, evaluation result display, life cycle of the target structure. A cost evaluation method and the like will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 6 to 22 as appropriate.

First, the user operates the deterioration evaluation system and the life cycle cost evaluation system 1 and makes various settings (step 1001). First, deterioration evaluation conditions are set (step 1002). Initial screen 31 of FIG.
In the deterioration evaluation condition setting unit 35, the deterioration evaluation method 3
7. Set weather condition 39 and material / mixture area condition 41. The deterioration evaluation method 37 selects a deterministic method / a stochastic method. For the weather condition 39, consideration / not consideration is selected. As the material / composition area condition 41, uniform / by area / individual is selected.

Next, the evaluation points are set (step 1).
003). FIG. 6 is a diagram showing setting of evaluation points according to screen instructions. The evaluation point setting unit 43 includes a screen instructing unit 77 and a file selecting unit 79. First, the setting of the evaluation point by the screen instruction will be described. The user operates the screen instruction button 79
By pressing and clicking an arbitrary position on the map display portion 91 with the mouse, the evaluation position 93 is designated. When the registration button 81 is further pressed, the total number of evaluation points is displayed on the evaluation point number display portion 87. When excluding the instructed evaluation position, the clear button 83 is pressed. Confirm button 85
When is pressed, the setting of the evaluation position by the screen instruction is completed.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing evaluation point setting by file selection. When the file selection section 79 is designated in the evaluation point setting section 43, the existing evaluation point setting section 97 and the new evaluation point setting section 95 are displayed. When the new evaluation point setting unit 95 is selected and the new evaluation point selection / screen display button 99 is pressed, a new evaluation point file selection screen 109 shown in FIG. 8 is displayed. The new evaluation point file is a file registered in the evaluation target database 903 of the database 9, and the user may select, for example, “national government office location.c.
"sv" is selected and the OK button 113 is pressed, "national government office location.csv" is displayed in the selected file name field 101, and when the registration button 103 is pressed, the file is registered and the file is displayed in the map display unit 107. The evaluation points shown in are displayed.

FIG. 9 shows evaluation point setting by file selection, and shows a case where a file is selected from the existing evaluation point setting section 97 of the file selection section 79. Selection of existing evaluation points
When the screen display button 115 is pressed, the selection screen 123 of the existing evaluation point table shown in FIG. 10 is developed. The existing evaluation point table is a file registered in the evaluation target database 903 of the database 9. When the user selects, for example, “representative point 14 points.TAB”, the selected file name column 117 displays “representative point 14 points.TAB”. Is displayed, and the map display unit 121 displays the evaluation points shown in this file.

Next, the user sets the concrete structure attribute (step 1004). That is, the characteristic data of the concrete structure to be evaluated is selected or set. FIG. 11 shows a concrete structure attribute setting screen 13
3 is shown. When the concrete evaluation condition setting button 129 is pressed in the concrete structure attribute setting section 45, a concrete evaluation condition setting screen 137 shown in FIG. 12 is displayed.

Setting screen 137 of concrete evaluation conditions
In, when the selection button 139 of the condition setting file is pressed, the data file is read from the evaluation target database 903 and displayed on the screen. FIG. 12 shows a state in which, for example, a file “prm01b.all” relating to road information is selected. When confirming or setting the detailed contents of the structure shown in this file, the edit button 145 of the setting information is pressed to open the setting screen 147 for the concrete mixture / installation condition (shown in FIG. 13).

On the concrete mix / installation condition setting screen 147 of FIG. 13, the characteristic data of the concrete structure shown in this file are confirmed and set. The setting of the characteristic data includes the installation area of the structure, the name, the number of years elapsed, and the JI.
S Product name, cement type, compressive strength, water-cement ratio, initial mixed salt content, cover thickness, water content, steel (rebar) diameter, etc., structure height, width, maintenance policy, maintenance quality, etc. Is also included.

When the concrete mixing and setting conditions are set in FIG. 13, the screen is returned to the screen shown in FIG. 12, and the “OK button” 143 of the concrete evaluation condition setting screen 137 is pressed.
The file name “prm01b.all” selected in FIG. 12 is displayed in the selection attribute file name column 131 of the concrete structure attribute setting unit 45 in FIG. 11.

As described above, the deterioration evaluation condition is set (step 10
02), the evaluation point setting (step 1003) and the concrete structure attribute setting (step 1004) use the data stored in the terrain database 901 and the evaluation target database 903.

When the user presses the evaluation calculation execution button 47 after the various settings (step 1001) are completed, the deterioration evaluation system and the life cycle cost evaluation system 1
Data of the meteorological environment database 905 and the regional concrete mix database 907 is extracted from the database 9, and the concrete deterioration index (evaluation value) and the incubation period are calculated using a calculation formula for each evaluation item (step 1
005).

That is, deterioration evaluation during the incubation period (step 100
As 6), the deterioration index (evaluation value) and the latent period are calculated for the salt damage deterioration 1007 due to the incoming salt, the salt damage deterioration 1008 due to the snow melting agent and the antifreezing agent, the deterioration 1009 due to neutralization, and the deterioration 1010 due to frost damage. .
Further, the steel material corrosion evaluation and judgment in the progressing period, the accelerating period and the deterioration period are performed (step 1011).

The calculation method of the evaluation value in each evaluation item will be described later, but the deterioration evaluation in step 1005 is performed by the weather environment database 905, the regional concrete mixture database 907, and the step 1004 regarding the evaluation point selected in step 1003. Target database 903 set by the concrete structure attribute
It is calculated based on the characteristic data of concrete structures in

FIG. 14 shows the evaluation result distribution map display item setting screen 151. That is, the user uses the evaluation result display unit 4
The evaluation result distribution map display item setting unit 149 of 9 selects an item to be displayed on the map display unit 153 from the pull-down menu. The chloride evaluation value (flying salt content) and the salt damage rank (flying salt content) in the menu shown in FIG. 14 are the evaluation results of salt damage deterioration 1007 due to the flying salt content. The chloride evaluation value (snow melting agent) and the salt damage rank (snow melting agent) are evaluation results of salt damage deterioration 1008 due to the snow melting agent and the antifreezing agent. The neutralization evaluation value and the neutralization rank are 1009 deteriorated by the neutralization.
Is the evaluation result of. The frost damage evaluation value and frost damage rank are evaluation results of deterioration 1010 due to frost damage. (Please change the figure)

The calculated concrete deterioration rank is normalized by a constant determined for each evaluation item and classified into ranks. The “rank” of each item is described in the pull-down menu of the evaluation result distribution map display item setting unit 149 described above. The rank is divided into ranks A, B, C, D, and E in the order of decreasing evaluation value of salt damage, neutralization, and frost damage.

FIGS. 15 to 19 show display screens of evaluation results of respective deterioration evaluation items with common settings. In the deterioration evaluation condition setting unit 35, the deterioration evaluation method 37 is set to “deterministic method”, the weather condition 39 is set to “consider”, and the material / mixture area condition 41 is set to “uniform”. The evaluation point setting unit 43 sets “national government office location.csv”, which is a file of the new evaluation points 95, in the selected file name 101. Concrete structure attribute setting part 4
5 is a road facility file "prm01.al".
"l" is set to the selection attribute file name 131.

FIG. 15 shows a deterioration (salt damage deterioration 1007 due to flying salt content) evaluation result display screen 161. That is, in the evaluation result distribution map display item 149 of the evaluation result display section 49,
If you set the "chloride evaluation value (flying)" and press the evaluation result distribution map display button 157, the map display part 163 and the legend display part 165 will show the evaluation target structures (here road facilities) at the location of the national government office. The distribution of chloride ion amount (kg / m ³ ) is displayed.

When the evaluation result list display button 159 shown in FIG. 15 is pressed, the evaluation result display screen 167 shown in FIG. 16 is displayed.
Expands. On the evaluation result display screen 167, a list of the chloride ion amount 169, the salt damage rank 171, and the like, which are deterioration evaluation results of the target facility, is displayed for each structure to be evaluated. In FIG. 16, the evaluation results of 3430 evaluation target structures are displayed.

FIG. 17 shows a deterioration (salt damage deterioration 1008 caused by a snow melting agent and an antifreezing agent) evaluation result display screen 173. That is, "chloride evaluation value (snow melting agent)" is set in the evaluation result distribution map display item 149 of the evaluation result display section 49,
When the evaluation result distribution map display button 157 is clicked, the map display portion 175 and the legend display portion 177 display the chloride ion amount (kg
/ M ³ ) distribution is displayed.

FIG. 18 shows deterioration (deterioration 100 due to neutralization).
9) An evaluation result display screen 179. That is, the “neutralization evaluation value” is set in the evaluation result distribution map display item 149 of the evaluation result display section 49, and the evaluation result distribution map display button 157 is set.
When is pressed, the distribution of the neutralization residue (mm) of the structure to be evaluated (here, the road facility) at the national government office location is displayed on the map display unit 181 and the legend display unit 183.

FIG. 19 shows deterioration (deterioration due to frost damage 101
0) An evaluation result display screen 185. That is, when "freeze evaluation value" is set in the evaluation result distribution map display item 149 of the evaluation result display unit 49 and the evaluation result distribution map display button 157 is pressed, the map display unit 187 and the legend display unit 189 display the whole country. The distribution of freeze / thaw cycles (times) of the structure to be evaluated (here, road facilities) at the government office location is displayed.

Next, the method of calculating the deterioration index (evaluation value) of the concrete structure will be described for each evaluation item. The evaluation item is 100 for salt damage deterioration due to incoming salt.
7. Deterioration due to salt damage 1008 due to snow melting agent and antifreezing agent, deterioration due to neutralization 1009, deterioration due to frost damage 1010. Various data provided in the database 9 are used for calculating the deterioration index.

The salt damage deterioration index due to the flying salt content is expressed as a chloride ion concentration P _SD1 (kg / m ³ ) at the position of the cover thickness C (cm) of concrete. The chloride ion concentration P _SD1 (kg / m ³ ) can be found in the topographical database 901.
Or surface chloride ion concentration C ₀ (kg / m ³ ), which can be calculated from the meteorological environment database 905, initial content chloride ion concentration C _i (kg / m ³ ), concrete cover thickness C (cm), It can be calculated from the characteristic data of the concrete structure in the concrete evaluation target database 903, the chloride ion diffusion coefficient D _R (cm ² / year) obtained from the regional concrete mix database 907, and the elapsed time t (year). , Equation (1). (Reference: JSCE Concrete Standard Specification [Construction], 1999)

[0063]

[Equation 1]

The concrete cover thickness C (cm)
The time T _0SD1 (year) _{required for the} chloride ion concentration to reach the limit chloride ion concentration, that is, the latent period 15 (shown in FIG. 3) of salt damage deterioration due to flying salt is calculated from the equation (2). C _CR (kg / m ³ ) is the limit chloride ion concentration at which steel corrosion occurs.

[0065]

[Equation 2]

In the equations (1) and (2), α _t is a temperature correction coefficient for the chloride ion diffusion coefficient, and β _t is a temperature correction coefficient for the surface chloride ion concentration.

The rank of salt damage deterioration (rank of evaluation value)
Is a value obtained by normalizing the chloride ion concentration P _SD1 with a limit chloride ion concentration (for example, 1.2 kg / m ³ ) and classifying it into a plurality of ranks.

As the method for calculating the surface chloride ion concentration C ₀ (kg / m ³ ) due to the salt coming from the sea in the equation (1), the method of estimating from the observation data concerning the salt coming in and the distance from the coastline to the shore There is a method of estimating it by an empirical formula using the and the altitude.

Flying salt content A determined from the sea breeze rate and wind speed
_The surface chloride ion concentration C ₀ (kg / m ³ ) obtained from _b (mg / dm ² / year) or the like is calculated by the formula (3).
Note that k _t is a constant obtained from the average temperature. (Reference: Yamada / Oshiro / Tanikawa / Ibe, A study on the amount of incoming salt and the process of salt permeation into concrete, Annual Report of Concrete Engineering, Vol. 17, No. 1, 19
95; others)

[0070]

[Equation 3]

The surface chloride ion concentration C ₀ (kg / m ³ ) obtained from the shore separation distance D (m) and the altitude H (m)
Is calculated by the equation (4).

[0072]

[Equation 4]

The chloride diffusion coefficient D _R (cm ² / year) in equations (1) and (2) is calculated as a function of the water-cement ratio for each type of cement. The calculation function differs depending on the type of cement, such as ordinary Portland cement and blast furnace cement. (Reference: Yamamoto,
A. , Motohashi, K .; et al, “Prop
ose Durability Design for
RC Marine Structures ”, Co
ncrete Under Server Condi
Tions Environment and loo
king, Vol. 1, pp 544-553, CONS
EC'95.1995)

The error function erf in equations (1) and (2) is expressed by equation (5).

[0075]

[Equation 5]

Next, a salt damage deterioration index due to the snow melting agent and the antifreezing agent is expressed as a chloride ion concentration P _SD2 (kg / m ³ ). The calculation formula for calculating the chloride ion concentration P _SD2 is the same as the formula (1) for calculating the chloride ion concentration P _SD1 due to the flying salt, but the surface chloride ion amount C ₀ (k
g / m ³ ) salt amount A _b (mg / d) in the calculation formula (3)
m ² / year) evaluation formula is different. Elapsed time t (year), average daily snowfall H _Swi (cm), H _Swi snowfall days D _Swi (days)
Is used, A _b is _calculated from the equation (6). A _b = a · H _SW1 · D _SW1 · (t ₁ +1) + b · H _SW2 · D _SW2 · (t ₂ +1) + (6) In equation (6), a, b ... It is a constant representing the amount of the snow-melting agent sprayed corresponding to the amount H _Swi . Further, t ₁ , t _2, ... Are spraying periods (years) of the snow melting agent corresponding to the constants a, b.

The chloride ion concentration P _SD2 as an index of salt damage deterioration due to the snow melting agent and the antifreezing agent is calculated as described above, and the latent period 15 of salt damage deterioration due to the snow melting agent (that is, until reaching the limit chloride ion concentration). Time T
_0SD2 (year)) is calculated from the equation (2). In addition, the deterioration potential (rank of evaluation value) is defined as the chloride ion concentration P _SD2 and the limit chloride ion concentration (for example, 1.2 k).
The value normalized by g / m ³ ) is classified into a plurality of ranks.

Next, the deterioration index due to neutralization is expressed as the remaining neutralization P _CD (mm). Remaining neutralization P
_CD (mm) is the neutralization rate coefficient D _CO2 (mm /
(Year) ^1/2 ), environmental coefficient β _e , crack correction coefficient α _c
Is calculated using equation (7). In addition, t is the number of years (years) elapsed.

[0079]

[Equation 6]

Further, the time T _0CD until the neutralization reaches the depth at which the steel material in the concrete starts to corrode is the cover thickness C (cm), and the limit neutralization residue C _a (at which steel material corrosion starts) mm) (for example, 10 to 25 mm), and is calculated by Expression (8).

[0081]

[Equation 7]

The neutralization rate coefficient D _CO2 (mm /
(Year) ^1/2 ) is calculated using Equation (9) or Equation (10). (Reference: JSCE, Concrete Standard Specification [Construction] 1999; JSCE, Concrete Standard Specification [Construction] -Durability Check Type-Revised Material, 199
9, Koichi Kishitani; Durability of Reinforced Concrete, Kashima Technical Research Institute Press, 1963. ) D _CO2 = −3.57 + 9.0 × W / (C + k + A _d ) (9) Here, W is the mass of water per unit volume (Kg), C is the mass of cement per unit volume (Kg), and k is A coefficient, A _{d, which} is determined by the type of the admixture, is the admixture mass (Kg) per unit volume, and is the evaluation target database 90.
3 is determined from the characteristic data of the concrete structure and the regional concrete mix database 907.

The neutralization rate coefficient D _CO2 (mm /
The formula (10) for ^calculating (year) ^1/2 ) is shown below.

[0084]

[Equation 8]

Here, w / c is a water cement ratio, R is a neutralization ratio determined by the type of cement, aggregate and admixture used, and takes a value of about 0.2 to 7.2.

Β _e is an environmental coefficient calculated from humidity, temperature, etc., elapsed time t (year), average humidity H
_{It is} calculated from the equation (11) using _m (%) and the average temperature H _t (° C). (Reference: Zheng, Hirai, Mitsuhashi, Experimental study on effect of temperature and humidity on carbonation rate of mortar, Proceedings of concrete engineering, Vol. 1, No. 1,
1990) β _e = a · Hm ² + b · Hm + c · Ht + d (11) In the formula (11), a, b, c and d are constants.

Deterioration potential (rank of evaluation value)
Is the limit of neutralization remaining P _CD (mm) The limit of neutralization remaining C
It is normalized by _a (mm) and is classified into a plurality of ranks.

Next, the deterioration index due to freezing damage is expressed as the number of freeze-thaw cycles P _FD (times) within the elapsed time. The number of freeze-thaw cycles P _FD (times) is calculated by using the annual average number of days H _f (times) and the elapsed time t (years) when the daily maximum temperature is 0 ° C. or higher and the daily minimum temperature is −5 ° C. or lower. It is calculated from equation (12). P _FD = H _f × t (12)

The time T _0fz (year) until the critical freeze-thaw number N _cr (times) is reached is calculated from the equation (13). T _0fz = N _cr / H _f (13) In addition, the deterioration potential (rank of evaluation) has a plurality of ranks obtained by normalizing the freeze-thaw number P _FD within the elapsed time with a limit value (here, 300 times). It is classified.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the progress period 17 and the acceleration period 1
9. Steel corrosion evaluation and determination 1011 in the deterioration period will be described.

The development period 17 is a period T ₁ from the start of corrosion of the steel material in the concrete (start of corrosion 11 of the steel material in FIG. 3) to the start of corrosion cracking of the concrete (occurrence of corrosion crack 13 in FIG. 3). Yes, formula (14), formula (1
5). T ₁ = W _cr / W (14)

[0092]

[Equation 9]

Here, W _cr (mg / cm ² ) is a corrosion cracking limit corrosion amount of concrete. W (mg
/ Cm ² / year) is the corrosion rate of the steel material in the concrete, and is calculated from the water-cement ratio w / c, the humidity Hm, and the cover thickness C. C (mm) is the cover thickness, and φ (mm) is the steel material (rebar) diameter.

During the accelerating period 19 and the aging period, the steel material is exposed to the atmosphere due to the development of corrosion cracks after the developing period 17, and the cross-section loss of the steel material due to corrosion accelerates, and finally the steel material It is the period until it disappears. The steel corrosion rate during the acceleration period (deterioration period) is 0 to about 2 depending on the humidity.
50 mg / cm ² / year is assumed.

The evaluation formula of the corrosion weight loss of the steel material in the development period 17 and the acceleration period 19 is expressed by the equation (16). Rs = 4A / 78.5d (16) Here, Rs (%) is the corrosion weight loss of the steel material per year, A
(Mg / cm ² / year) is the steel material corrosion rate, and d (cm) is the diameter of the steel material. (JSCE Concrete Committee Corrosion and Protection Subcommittee; Concrete Technology Series: Present and Future Trends of Research on Reinforcing Bar Corrosion, Corrosion Protection, and Repair (Part 2), JSCE, 2000., Research Committee on Durability Design Method for Reinforced Concrete Structures -System: Concept of durability design of reinforced concrete structures, Japan Concrete Engineering Association, 1991.)

Next, in FIG. 2, various settings (step 100
1) and deterioration evaluation (step 1005), life cycle cost is calculated and evaluated (step 101).
2).

That is, although not shown, the computer 3
According to the instructions displayed on the display 5 of the user, the user interactively sets the maintenance policy of the evaluation target concrete structure, the maintenance quality and the inspection quality, and the relationship between the elapsed years and the cost of the maintenance and inspection. Calculate (life cycle cost).

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the relationship between the maintenance policy and the remaining life cycle cost. Further, FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the maintenance policy, inspection and maintenance quality, and service life.

As shown in FIG. 21, the concrete structure maintenance management policy 213 includes preventive maintenance type 191 and post maintenance.
There are three types: Type I 193 and post-conservation type II 195. The preventive maintenance type 191 is a management method in which repair is performed before the steel material corrosion of the structure is started, that is, in the incubation period 15 in FIG. Post maintenance I type 193 allows steel corrosion of the structure, but before cracking, that is, the progress stage 1 in FIG.
This is a management method for repairing to item 7. Subsequent maintenance type II 195
Is a management method that allows corrosion cracking of the structure, that is, repairs in the acceleration period 19 in FIG.

Note that T ₀ shown in FIG. 21 is the incubation period 15
, And T ₁ is the period of progress period 17. As for the incubation period T ₀ used when calculating the life cycle cost, first, with respect to salt damage, neutralization, and frost damage of the target structure, the years of the incubation period are calculated using the above-described calculation formulas. That calculated flying latency of salt damage degradation due salinity _{T 0SD1,} latency _{T 0SD2} salt damage degradation by snow-melting agents and antifreeze agents, latent period _{T 0 cd} deterioration due neutralization,
Of the latent _periods T _0fz of deterioration due to frost damage, the one with the shortest age is adopted as the latent period T _{0 of the} structure. Further, the progress period T ₁ is obtained by the above-mentioned formula (14).

Further, in FIG. 21, the maintenance policy 213
The maintenance management quality 215 is high grade 225 and normal 22
7, cheap 229. The maintenance quality 215 is
Maintenance contents 217, that is, "basic repair method and cost" 2
It is classified by the construction method and cost shown in 21. Further, the frequency 223 of detailed inspection is classified into 3 levels for each maintenance quality 215 (once every 5 years, once every 10 years, and once every 15 years).
Times), the useful life 219 is calculated for each.

FIG. 20 shows the elapsed years 197 and the life for each maintenance management policy 213 of the structure to be evaluated (that is, in the case of preventive maintenance type 191, post maintenance I type 193, post maintenance II type 195). The relationship of the cycle cost 201 is shown. The steel material residual rate of the structure is 19 along the vertical axis.
9 is shown. The steel material residual rate in the incubation period 15 is 100%.
Further, the steel material residual rate at the time when corrosion cracking occurs is shown as the steel material residual rate 203 in the acceleration period in the figure.

Also, the life cycle cost 201 is shown in the downward direction of the vertical axis, and the cumulative value of repair costs is shown. The points where the line graph goes downward (points 209 and 22 in the figure)
1), the structure will be inspected and repaired.

For example, the evaluation formula of the life cycle cost 201 for a bridge is expressed by the formula (17).

[0105]

[Equation 10]

Where C _I (t) is the inspection cost, C
_M (t) is the maintenance and repair cost, C _N (t) is the indirect loss cost of inspection and repair, t is the elapsed time (year), and r is the discount rate. There is a formula for each inspection target, such as inspection cost and maintenance cost for each target structure. For example, when calculating the repair cost of a bridge, use the formula for calculating the repair cost for each "bridge superstructure", "railway", and "pier" of the bridge.

The life cycle cost 201 shown in FIG.
The graph of is calculated using the equation (17) described above. When the maintenance policy 213 is the preventive maintenance type 191, the incubation period is 15
Since the repair inspection is appropriately performed during the period, the steel material residual ratio 199 is maintained at almost 100% even after a lapse of time. Further, the life cycle cost 201 increases at a substantially constant rate.

Maintenance policy 213 is post-conservation type I 193
Then, repairing is performed during the progress period 17 from the start 11 of steel material corrosion to the occurrence of corrosion cracking 13 while performing appropriate inspections. That is, in FIG. 20, repair is performed at point 205. Therefore, the life cycle cost 201 is relatively expensive to repair at the point 209.

Maintenance policy 213 is ex-post maintenance II type 195
Then, repairing is performed in the acceleration period 19 after the occurrence of the corrosion crack 13 while performing an appropriate inspection. That is, in FIG. 20, repair is performed at point 207. Therefore, life cycle cost 20
No. 1 is relatively expensive to repair at point 211.

The user displays the "graph showing the relationship between the planned shared years and the life cycle cost" shown in FIG. 22 on the display 5 (FIG. 1) and examines the maintenance policy of the structure to be evaluated. . FIG. 22 shows three types of maintenance policies 213 (preventive maintenance type 191, post maintenance type I 193, post maintenance type II 195), and three types of maintenance quality 215 (high grade 225, normal 227, low cost 229). The relationship between the planned service life 231 and the maintenance cost 233 (life cycle cost) is shown. The inspection frequency is once every five years.

Next, for example, when the user inputs an inspection / maintenance / repair plan proposal for the concrete structure to be evaluated, the deterioration evaluation system and the life cycle cost evaluation system 1 cause the steel material residual rate 199 for the proposal. It is evaluated whether or not the life cycle cost 201 is optimized (step 1013). In some cases, an optimal inspection / maintenance repair plan may be proposed to the user.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the life cycle cost relating to the deterioration state and the maintenance of the concrete structure is utilized by using the map data such as the meteorological environment data, the regional characteristic data of the concrete mix, and the topographical data. Can be quantitatively and easily evaluated. Also,
By changing the input parameters together with the current deterioration evaluation and maintenance cost evaluation of the concrete structure, it is possible to easily perform future deterioration progress prediction and life cycle cost prediction.

Further, since deterioration evaluation and life cycle cost evaluation of a large number of concrete structures can be performed at the same time, relative comparison between structures can be easily performed, and it can be utilized for prioritizing deterioration measures. it can.

Further, the distribution of weather information throughout the country and the deterioration state of concrete structures at arbitrary evaluation points can be displayed as map information on the screen of a computer, and can be printed / saved. It is easy to understand the deterioration status of facilities.

Here, the configuration in which the computer 3 retrieves necessary information from the connected database 9 has been described, but the computer 3 is connected to a network such as the Internet and the required database is used via the network. You can also

[0116]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, a geographical information system and a plurality of databases are used to enable a computer to easily determine a plurality of deterioration factors and life cycle costs of a concrete structure. It can be evaluated efficiently.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a deterioration evaluation system and a life cycle cost evaluation system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a processing procedure of a deterioration evaluation system and a life cycle cost evaluation system 1.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a process of deterioration of a concrete structure.

[FIG. 4] Initial screen 31 and map data display setting screen 51
Showing

[FIG. 5] Map data display screen 71

[FIG. 6] Evaluation point setting screen 89 based on screen instructions

[FIG. 7] Evaluation point setting screen 10 by selecting a new file
5

FIG. 8: New file selection screen 109

FIG. 9: Evaluation point setting screen 11 by selecting an existing file
9

FIG. 10: Existing file selection screen 123

FIG. 11: Concrete Structure Attribute Setting Screen 133

FIG. 12: Concrete evaluation condition setting screen 137

[Fig. 13] Setting screen 14 for concrete mix and installation conditions
7

FIG. 14: Evaluation result distribution map display item setting screen 151

FIG. 15: Deterioration (salt damage deterioration 1007 due to incoming salt) evaluation result display screen 161

FIG. 16: Evaluation result display screen 167

FIG. 17 is a deterioration (salt damage deterioration 1008 due to a snow melting agent and an antifreezing agent) evaluation result display screen 173.

FIG. 18 is a deterioration (deterioration due to neutralization 1009) evaluation result display screen 179.

FIG. 19 is a deterioration (deterioration 1010 due to frost damage) evaluation result display screen 185.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the relationship between the maintenance policy and the remaining life cycle cost.

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the relationship between maintenance policy, inspection and maintenance quality, and useful life.

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the relationship between the planned number of years to be shared and the life cycle cost.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Degradation evaluation system and life cycle cost evaluation system 3 ... Computer 5 ... Display 7 ... Printer 9 ... Database 11 ... Steel material corrosion initiation 13 ... Corrosion crack generation 15 ...・ Incubation period 17 ・ ・ ・ Evolution period 19 ・ ・ ・ Acceleration period 21 ・ ・ ・ Time 23 ・ ・ ・ Degradation degree 25 ・ ・ ・ Performance degradation 31 ・ ・ ・ Initial screen 33 ・ ・ ・ Map data display button 35 ・ ・ ・ Degradation Evaluation condition setting unit 37 ... Deterioration evaluation method 39 ... Meteorological condition 41 ... Material / mixing area condition 43 ... Evaluation point setting unit 45 ... Concrete structure attribute setting unit 47 ... Evaluation calculation Execute button 49 ... Evaluation result display section 51 ... Map data display setting screen 53 ... Background map setting section 55 ... Meteorological observation point setting section 57 ... Evaluation point setting section 59 ... Attribute map data setting unit 61 ... Meteorological attribute data 63 ... Terrain attribute data 65 ... Screen display buttons 67, 111, 125 ... Cancel buttons 69, 113, 127, 143 ... OK button 71 ... Map data display screens 73, 91, 107, 121, 135, 153, 16
3, 175, 181, 187 ... Map display portions 75, 155, 165, 177, 183, 189 ...
Legend display section 77 ... Screen instruction section 79 ... Screen instruction button 81 ... Registration button 83 ... Clear button 85 ... Confirm button 87 ... Evaluation point number display section 89 ... Screen instruction Evaluation point setting screen 89 93 ... Evaluation point 95 ... New evaluation point setting section 97 ... Existing evaluation point setting section 99 ... New evaluation point selection / screen display buttons 101, 117 ... Selection File name 103 ... Registration button 105 ... Evaluation point setting screen by new file selection 109 ... New evaluation point file selection screen 115 ... Existing evaluation point selection / screen display button 119 ... Existing file Evaluation point setting screen 123 by selection ... Selection screen 129 for existing evaluation point table ... Setting buttons 131, 141 ... for concrete evaluation condition selection Property file name 133 ... Concrete structure attribute setting screen 137 ... Concrete evaluation condition setting screen 139 ... Condition setting file selection button 145 ... Setting information edit button 147 ... Concrete mix・ Installation condition setting screen 149 ... Evaluation result distribution map display item setting unit 151 ... Evaluation result distribution map display item setting screen 157 ... Evaluation result distribution map display button 159 ... Evaluation result list display button 161 ... Deterioration (salt damage deterioration due to incoming salt 1007)
Evaluation result display screen 167 ... Evaluation result display screen 169 ... Chloride ion amount 171 ... Salt damage rank 173 ... Deterioration (salt damage deterioration 1008 by snow melting agent and antifreezing agent) Evaluation result display screen 179 ... Deterioration (deterioration due to neutralization 1009) evaluation result display screen 185 ... Deterioration (deterioration due to frost damage 1010) evaluation result display screen 191 ... Preventive maintenance type 193 ... Post maintenance I type 195 ... Post maintenance Type II 197 ... Years 199 ... Steel material remaining amount 201 ... Life cycle cost 203 ... Steel material remaining amount in acceleration period 213 ... Maintenance policy 215 ... Maintenance quality 217 ... Maintenance Management content 219 ・ ・ ・ Service life 221 ・ ・ ・ Basic repair method and cost 223 ・ ・ ・ Frequency of detailed inspection 225 ・ ・ ・ High grade 227 ・ ・ ・ Normal 229 ・ ・ ・ Cheap 231 ... Future planned service years 233 ... Maintenance cost 901 ... Topographic database 903 ... Evaluation target database 905 ... Meteorological environment database 907 ... Regional concrete mix database 1007 ... Flying in Deterioration due to salt damage 1008 ... Deterioration due to snow melting agent and antifreezing agent 1009 ... Deterioration due to neutralization 1010 ... Deterioration due to freezing damage

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Daisuke Hayashi             Kashima-ken, 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo             Inside the corporation (72) Inventor Kohei Kageyama             Kashima-ken, 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo             Inside the corporation (72) Inventor Yasunori Hirayama             Kashima-ken, 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo             Inside the corporation (72) Inventor Yusuke Arima             Kashima-ken, 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo             Inside the corporation F-term (reference) 2G050 AA02 BA02 BA05 BA06 BA10                       CA01 CA09 DA02 EA01 EA02                 2G075 CA10 CA50 DA15 FB16 GA14

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A database that holds meteorological environment data, concrete mix data by region, structure data for evaluation, and map data related to topography, and a point is selected, and characteristic data for a concrete structure is selected from the structure data for evaluation. When selected or input, a means for calculating a deterioration index of concrete and a life cycle cost based on the meteorological environment data on the point, concrete mix data by area, topographical data and the characteristic data on the concrete structure, A deterioration evaluation system and a life cycle cost evaluation system for a concrete structure, which are characterized by: 2. The database is the weather environment database, the regional concrete mix database,
The deterioration evaluation system and life cycle cost evaluation system for a concrete structure according to claim 1, wherein the topography database and the evaluation target database are retained. 3. The deterioration evaluation system and life cycle cost evaluation system for a concrete structure according to claim 1, wherein the setting of the point is performed by selecting a file specifying an arbitrary point or an evaluation point. . 4. The concrete structure according to claim 1, wherein the characteristic data relating to the concrete structure includes age, cement type, compressive strength, water-cement ratio, cover thickness, water content and the like. Degradation evaluation system and life cycle cost evaluation system. 5. The concrete structure according to claim 1, wherein the evaluation items are salt damage deterioration due to incoming salt content, salt damage deterioration due to a snow melting agent and an antifreezing agent, deterioration due to neutralization, and deterioration due to freezing damage. Deterioration evaluation system and life cycle cost evaluation system. 6. The deterioration evaluation system and life cycle cost evaluation system for a concrete structure according to claim 1, further comprising a display unit for displaying the deterioration indexes in a rank. 7. The life cycle cost is calculated from the maintenance management / inspection cost and various costs determined from the maintenance management policy of the concrete structure, the maintenance management quality, and the inspection quality. 1. A deterioration evaluation system and life cycle cost evaluation system for a concrete structure according to 1. 8. The maintenance policy relates to the time for repairing the concrete structure, in a period before steel corrosion of the concrete structure, a period after steel corrosion until corrosion cracking, and a period after corrosion cracking. The deterioration evaluation system and life cycle cost evaluation system for a concrete structure according to claim 1, characterized in that they are classified. 9. A database for retaining meteorological environment data, concrete mix data by region, structure data for evaluation, and map data for topography, selecting a point, and selecting characteristic data for the concrete structure from the structure data for evaluation. When selecting or entering, concrete deterioration index and life cycle cost are calculated based on the meteorological environment data on the point, concrete mix data by area, topographical data, and the characteristic data on the concrete structure. Deterioration evaluation method and life cycle cost evaluation method for concrete structures. 10. A program for realizing the deterioration evaluation system and life cycle cost evaluation system for a concrete structure according to claim 1. 11. A recording medium recording a program for realizing the deterioration evaluation system and life cycle cost evaluation system for a concrete structure according to claim 1.