JP2003146061A - Air-conditioning system for automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air-conditioning system for an automobile capable of efficiently performing air-conditioning in a car room for all load conditions. SOLUTION: This air-conditioning system is used in the automobile provided with an engine 2, an on-vehicle battery 5, and a generator 4 driven by the engine 2 to charge the on-vehicle battery 5. It is provided with an electric compressor 10 driven by feeding from the on-vehicle battery 5, an engine driven compressor 54 driven by the engine 2, a refrigerant circuit in which refrigerant is circulated by these compressors 10 and 54, and a controller 28 for selectively switching refrigerant circulation in the refrigerant circuit by the electric compressor 10 and refrigerant circulation therein by the engine driven compressor 54. The controller 28 switches and controls the compressors 10 and 54 used in the refrigerant circulation based on a load in the refrigerant circuit and the number of revolutions of the engine 2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioning system for an automobile that is equipped with an engine, a power storage unit, and a power generation unit that is driven by the engine to charge the power storage unit.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a car air conditioner (air conditioning system) used in a general automobile uses an engine driven compressor 102 driven by a fuel engine (internal combustion engine) 101 as shown in FIG. . The engine-driven compressor 102 is connected to the engine 101 via a torque meter 103, a clutch 104, and a so-called V-ribbed belt 105, and is driven by the rotation speed of the engine 101.

When the compressor 102 is operated, the high temperature gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 102 and flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 106 is heat-exchanged with the air outside the vehicle compartment by the outdoor blower 107 to radiate heat. ,
After being condensed and liquefied, it flows into the indoor heat exchanger 109 provided inside the vehicle through the expansion valve 108. The liquid refrigerant evaporates there and absorbs heat from the surroundings to exert a cooling effect. The indoor heat exchanger 109 includes an indoor blower 11
The air is conditioned by exchanging heat with the air in the passenger compartment circulated at 0 to cool the passenger compartment. Then, the refrigerant discharged from the indoor heat exchanger 109 returns to the compressor 102 to repeat the refrigeration cycle.

[0004] Such a car air conditioner is provided with a control device (not shown) and controls when the vehicle interior is cooled to a lower limit temperature of a predetermined upper limit temperature and lower limit temperature set above and below the set temperature. The device disengages the clutch 104 and turns off the rotation of the compressor 102. And
When the temperature in the passenger compartment rises and reaches the upper limit temperature, the control device connects the clutch 104 and the compressor 1
Turn 02 on to restart the cooling of the passenger compartment. In this way, the interior of the vehicle is cooled, and the heater 11 arranged on the cool air discharge side is provided.
By adding the heating function from 1, the vehicle interior was air-conditioned to the set temperature throughout the four seasons.

[0005]

However, since the conventional air conditioning of the vehicle interior is performed by the engine-driven compressor 102 whose rotation speed is controlled in proportion to the rotation speed of the engine 101, the air conditioning is performed especially in a vehicle such as in summer. When the difference between the room temperature and the set temperature is large and the load is large, the compressor 102 can be operated with high efficiency, but as the air conditioning is performed, the difference between the vehicle interior temperature and the set temperature becomes smaller, and the compressor 102 is added. There is a problem that the capacity of the compressor 102 becomes excessive when the load is small.

Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the temperature of the cool air by a swash plate (not shown) provided on the cool air discharge side, the heater 111, or the like. As a result, the compressor 10
The cold air cooled by operating No. 2 is again heated by the heater 11
Since the temperature is adjusted by 1 or the like, there is a problem that the thermal efficiency is remarkably poor, and the compressor 10 is used more than necessary.
Since the engine No. 2 is driven, the engine must be driven excessively, and there is a problem that the efficiency deteriorates as a whole.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in order to solve the conventional technical problems, and provides an air conditioning system for an automobile capable of efficiently performing air conditioning in a vehicle interior under any load condition. The purpose is to

[0008]

That is, an automobile air conditioning system according to a first aspect of the present invention is used for an automobile provided with an engine, a power storage means, and a power generation means driven by the engine to charge the power storage means. , An electric compressor driven by power supply from a power storage unit, an engine-driven compressor driven by an engine, a refrigerant circuit in which refrigerant circulates by these compressors, or an electric compressor circulates refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit, And a control means for selectively switching whether or not the drive compressor is used. The control means executes switching control of the compressor used for refrigerant circulation based on the load of the refrigerant circuit and the engine speed.

According to the automobile air conditioning system of the first aspect of the present invention, the air conditioning system for an automobile is provided with an engine, a power storage unit, and a power generation unit that is driven by the engine to charge the power storage unit. The electric compressor driven by the engine, the engine driven compressor driven by the engine, the refrigerant circuit in which the refrigerant is circulated by these compressors, and the refrigerant circulation in the refrigerant circuit are performed by the electric compressor or the engine driven compressor. Control means for selectively switching between the two, and the control means executes switching control of the compressor used for refrigerant circulation based on the load of the refrigerant circuit and the engine speed. By selectively using the electric compressor It is possible to perform an internal air conditioning.

Therefore, especially when the load of the refrigerant circuit is small, the electric compressor can be selectively used, and the deterioration of the thermal efficiency due to the excess capacity of the compressor caused by the use of the engine-driven compressor can be prevented. You will be able to avoid it. As a result, it becomes possible to improve the operation efficiency of the automobile air conditioning system, engine, and the like.

Further, when a high compressor capacity is required, it is possible to maximize the air conditioning capacity by using the engine-driven compressor, and to realize comfortable vehicle interior air conditioning. become.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first aspect of the invention, the control means normally uses an electric compressor, and when the load of the refrigerant circuit is large and the engine speed is high. It is characterized by using an engine driven compressor.

According to the automobile air conditioning system of the second aspect, in addition to the first aspect of the invention, the control means normally uses an electric compressor, and the load of the refrigerant circuit is large,
Since the engine-driven compressor is used when the engine speed is high, normally the operation control of the electric compressor is performed according to the load of the refrigerant circuit, so it is possible to avoid a decrease in operating efficiency due to excessive operation of the compressor. become able to. Further, when the load of the refrigerant circuit is large and the engine speed is high, the refrigerant circulation control is performed by the engine-driven compressor that can exhibit high compressor capacity, so that the air conditioning capacity can be maximized. As a result, more comfortable vehicle interior air conditioning can be realized.

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an explanatory view of an automobile air conditioner 1 to which an automobile air conditioning system for explaining the present invention is applied. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an automobile air conditioner equipped with a control device 28, the details of which will be described later, and mounted on a vehicle (a hybrid vehicle (HEV) in the embodiment). The air conditioner 1 is for performing air conditioning such as cooling, heating, and dehumidification in a vehicle interior of an automobile, and a discharge side of an electric compressor 10 (hereinafter referred to as an electric compressor) configured by a closed compressor such as a rotary compressor. 10A is connected to a condenser 13 as an outdoor heat exchanger via a solenoid valve 50 and a three-way pipe 51.
The outlet side of is connected to the liquid receiver 17.

The pipe 17A on the outlet side of the liquid receiver 17 is connected to an expansion valve 18 as a pressure reducing device, and the expansion valve 18 is connected to an evaporator (cooler) 19 as an indoor heat exchanger. The outlet side of the evaporator 19 is connected to a suction side pipe 10B of the electric compressor 10 via a three-way pipe 52 and a solenoid valve 53.

On the other hand, at the remaining inlet of the three-way pipe 51,
A discharge-side pipe 54A of an open-type engine-driven compressor 54, which will be described in detail later, is connected via an electromagnetic valve 55. The remaining outlet of the three-way pipe 52 is a solenoid valve 56.
Is connected to a pipe 54B on the suction side of the engine-driven compressor 54, thereby forming an annular refrigeration cycle (refrigerant circuit). In addition, in FIG.
A heater 3 is used when it is desired to heat the vehicle interior.

The electric compressor 10, the engine-driven compressor 54, and the condenser 13 are installed outside the passenger compartment where people are not seated, and the evaporator 19 is installed inside the passenger compartment where people are seated. The electric compressor 10 includes a compressor motor 11
(Electric motor) is provided, this compressor motor 1
The electric compressor 10 is driven by 1. The condenser 13 is provided with an outdoor blower 14 for radiating the heat of the condenser 13 to the outside of the vehicle compartment, the evaporator 19 is provided with an indoor blower 20, and the air cooled by the evaporator 19 is the indoor blower 20. The air is blown out into the passenger compartment by the vehicle and the passenger compartment is cooled.

A sensor 57 for detecting the refrigerant discharge temperature and the refrigerant discharge pressure is provided on the refrigerant discharge side of the electric compressor 10, and the refrigerant temperature and the refrigerant pressure are similarly provided between the three-way pipe 51 and the condenser 13. A sensor 58 for detecting Further, on the refrigerant outlet side of the condenser 13, a sensor 59 for detecting the refrigerant outlet temperature and the refrigerant outlet pressure is provided. A sensor 60 for detecting the refrigerant inlet temperature and the refrigerant inlet pressure is provided on the refrigerant inlet side of the evaporator 19, and the refrigerant outlet temperature and the refrigerant outlet pressure are detected on the refrigerant outlet side of the evaporator 19. A sensor 61 for performing the operation is provided. Furthermore, a sensor 62 for detecting the refrigerant temperature and the refrigerant pressure is provided between the sensor 61 and the three-way pipe 52, and the electric compressor 10 of the electric compressor 10 is provided between the electromagnetic valve 53 and the electric compressor 10. A sensor 63 for detecting the refrigerant suction temperature and the refrigerant suction pressure is provided. Further, a sensor 64 for detecting the refrigerant discharge temperature and the refrigerant discharge pressure from the engine drive compressor 54 is provided between the engine drive compressor 54 and the three-way pipe 51. Further, it is assumed that the engine 2 described later is provided with a sensor 65 for detecting the rotation speed of the engine 2 as shown in FIG.

The sensors 57 to 65 are connected to the input side of the control device 28 which is composed of a general-purpose microcomputer as shown in FIG. The solenoid valves 50, 53, 5 are provided on the output side of the control device 28.
5, 56, a compressor motor 11, an outdoor blower motor 16 that rotationally drives the outdoor blower 14, and an indoor blower motor 21 that rotationally drives the indoor blower 20.
And the heater 33 are connected.

Here, the control device 28 controls the voltage (for example, DC 24) of the on-vehicle battery (or capacitor, both of which constitute storage means) 5 by a predetermined step-up / down circuit.
0V) is stepped up or stepped down to a desired voltage, converted into a drive voltage of the compressor motor 11 by the inverter 66, and the electric compressor 10 is rotationally driven.

On the other hand, the automobile is provided with an engine (internal combustion engine) 2, a traveling motor 3 and a generator (power generation means) 4, and the traveling motor 3 is passed through a motor control inverter (not shown). In addition to being connected to the on-vehicle battery 5, the generator 4 is connected to the on-vehicle battery 5 via a power generation inverter (not shown). A torque dividing mechanism (not shown) is connected to the engine 2, the traveling motor 3, and the generator 4, and the torque dividing mechanism rotates one rotation of the traveling motor 3 and the generator 4, and one rotation of the engine 2 and the traveling motor 3. Then, the continuously variable transmission 6, which will be described in detail later, is driven. It is to be noted that the technique of driving the continuously variable transmission 6 by adjusting the rotations of the traveling motor 3 and the generator 4 and the engine 2 and the traveling motor 3 to one by the torque splitting mechanism is a well-known technique. Description is omitted.

The traveling motor 3 is mainly used when the engine 2 starts with low thermal efficiency and at low speed, and is also used as an assist drive source when a driving force more than the driving force of the engine 2 alone is required. . Then, as the engine 2 moves to high speed with good thermal efficiency, the engine 2 takes the initiative.
Also, when the engine 2 is in control, the electric power generated by the generator 4 according to the state of charge of the vehicle-mounted battery 5 is
Will be charged. Further, the generator 4 is used as a starter when the engine 2 is started, in addition to the power generating action while the engine 2 is rotating.

The continuously variable transmission (CVT mechanism (Conti
Nuusly VariableTransmiss
ion)) 6 is connected to a wheel (not shown). Then, the engine 2 or the traveling motor 3 is connected to the continuously variable transmission 6
The wheels are rotated via the to drive the automobile.

Since the technique of rotating the wheels by the continuously variable transmission 6 driven by the engine 2 or the traveling motor 3 to drive the automobile is a well-known technique, a detailed description will be given. Omit it.

The engine 2 is connected to the engine driving compressor 54 via a continuously variable transmission 6, a torque meter 7, a clutch 8 and a so-called V-ribbed belt 9. Therefore, when the clutch 8 is engaged, the engine-driven compressor 54 is driven by the rotation speed of the engine 2.

Now, with reference to FIG. 3, the air conditioning operation of the vehicle interior by the vehicle air conditioner 1 will be described. When the air conditioner 1 is operated, the control device 28 controls the amount of refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit based on the output of the sensor 57 or 64 that detects the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant provided in the high load side refrigerant circuit as described above. It is determined whether the pressure is higher than a predetermined pressure. Further, the rotation speed of the engine 2 is detected by the sensor 65 provided in the engine 2, and it is determined whether or not the rotation speed is higher than a predetermined rotation speed.

Here, especially in the summer when the difference between the set temperature and the passenger compartment temperature is large because the outside air temperature is extremely high,
There is a tendency that the pressure of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is high and a high load state occurs. In addition, there is a state in which the rotation speed of the engine 2 is higher than a predetermined value depending on the operating condition of the vehicle. In such a case, the engine-driven compressor 54 circulates the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit as shown in FIG. That is, the control device 28 closes the solenoid valves 50 and 53, opens the solenoid valves 55 and 56, and opens the engine drive compressor 54.
To drive.

As a result, when the air conditioner 1 is operated, the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is compressed by the engine driving compressor 54, and the discharged high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant is opened by the solenoid valve 55, and the solenoid valve 55 is opened. Since 50 is closed, it flows into the condenser 13 from the pipe 54A through the solenoid valve 55 and the three-way pipe 51. At this time, the outdoor blower motor 16 that drives the outdoor blower 15 is powered by the on-vehicle battery 5 and operated, so that the condenser 13 is cooled outside the vehicle compartment by the air blown by the outdoor blower 15.
The gas refrigerant flowing into the condenser 13 radiates heat there to be condensed and liquefied, and then flows into the liquid receiver 17. The liquid refrigerant once stored in the liquid receiver 17 reaches the expansion valve 18 via the pipe 17A, is throttled there, and then flows into the evaporator 19.

The refrigerant flowing into the evaporator 19 evaporates there and absorbs heat from the surroundings to exert a cooling effect, and the cooled air in the vehicle compartment is circulated into the vehicle compartment by the indoor blower 20. , Cool and air condition. The refrigerant that has left the evaporator 19 enters an accumulator (not shown), where the non-evaporated liquid refrigerant is separated into gas and liquid, and then the electromagnetic valve 56 is opened and the electromagnetic valve 53 is closed. The refrigeration cycle in which the engine-driven compressor 54 is sucked through the valve 56, compressed again by the engine-driven compressor 54, and discharged is repeated.

This makes it possible to maximize the capacity of the engine-driven compressor 54 by using the high engine speed and to maximize the air conditioning capacity. Therefore, in particular, when the outside air temperature is extremely high, the difference between the set temperature and the vehicle interior temperature is large, and when high air conditioning capacity is required, the engine-driven compressor 54 can perform air conditioning, and a comfortable vehicle interior air conditioning can be achieved. Can be realized.

On the other hand, the temperature difference between the set temperature and the passenger compartment temperature is reduced by the air conditioning by the engine driven compressor 54 as described above, and the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant provided in the high load side refrigerant circuit as described above are detected. Sensor 5
Based on the output of 7 or 64, the sensor 65 detects even if the pressure of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is in a low load state, or even if the pressure of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is high and in a high load state. When the rotation speed of the engine 2 is lower than the predetermined rotation speed, the electric compressor 10 circulates the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit as shown in FIG. That is, the control device 28 opens the solenoid valves 50 and 53, closes the solenoid valves 55 and 56, and operates the electric compressor 10. At this time, the control device 28
The clutch 8 is disengaged, and the engine driven compressor 54
Turn off the rotation. In addition to the above, the refrigerant circulation by the electric compressor 10 is executed even in the spring / autumn season when it is less likely to be affected by the outside air temperature.

As a result, when the air conditioner 1 is operated, the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is charged with the electric compressor 10.
The high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant that has been compressed and discharged by means of the three-way pipe 51 flows into the condenser 13 from the pipe 10A. At this time, since the outdoor blower motor 16 that operates the outdoor blower 15 is powered by the on-vehicle battery 5 and is operated in the same manner as described above, the condenser 13 is cooled outside the vehicle compartment by the blowing of the outdoor blower 15. The gas refrigerant flowing into the condenser 13 radiates heat there and is condensed and liquefied.
It flows into the liquid receiver 17. Then, the liquid refrigerant once stored in the liquid receiver 17 reaches the expansion valve 18 via the pipe 17A,
After being throttled there, it flows into the evaporator 19.

The refrigerant flowing into the evaporator 19 evaporates there and absorbs heat from the surroundings to exert a cooling effect, and the cooled air in the vehicle compartment is circulated into the vehicle compartment by the indoor blower 20. , Cool and air condition. The refrigerant that has left the evaporator 19 enters an accumulator (not shown), where the non-evaporated liquid refrigerant is separated into gas and liquid, and then the electromagnetic valve 56 is closed and the electromagnetic valve 53 is opened. The refrigeration cycle of being sucked into the electric compressor 10 via the pipe 52 and the electromagnetic valve 53, compressed again by the electric compressor 10 and discharged is repeated.

Here, since the electric compressor 10 can perform capacity control according to the load of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit by the control device 28, the swash plate (not shown) provided on the cold air discharge side and the heater. It becomes unnecessary to adjust the temperature of the cool air by 33 or the like. As a result, deterioration of thermal efficiency can be avoided, and vehicle interior air conditioning can be realized without causing excessive energy loss.

In this embodiment, the pressure of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is higher than the predetermined pressure based on the output of the sensor 57 or 64 for detecting the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant provided in the high load side refrigerant circuit. By determining whether or not the state of the refrigerant load in the refrigerant circuit is a high load or a low load is determined, in addition to this, the temperature of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit The load state of the refrigerant may be determined based on whether the temperature is higher or lower than a predetermined temperature.

As a result, the control device 28, as described above,
Since the switching control of the engine-driven compressor 54 and the electric compressor 10 used for refrigerant circulation is executed based on the load of the refrigerant circuit and the rotation speed of the engine 2, the compressor 54 or 10 is selectively used depending on all situations. As a result, the vehicle interior can be efficiently air-conditioned.

In a winter season when the outside air temperature is lower than the set temperature and the cooling operation is not required, the heater 33 provided on the cool air discharge side is used to comfortably air-condition the passenger compartment. Shall be able to.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the control unit 28 controls the switching of the engine-driven compressor 54 and the electric compressor 10, but in addition to this, the load of the refrigerant circuit is large and the engine 2 of the engine 2 is heavy. If the rotation speed is low, use the engine-driven compressor 54,
When the load of the refrigerant circuit is small and the rotation speed of the engine 2 is high, the switching control using the electric compressor 10 may be performed.

Furthermore, when the load of the refrigerant circuit is large and the rotation speed of the engine 2 is high, the controller 28 selects one of the compressors 54 and 10 based on the pressure in the refrigerant circuit. Switching control may be performed.

[0040]

As described above in detail, according to the air conditioning system for an automobile of the present invention, the air conditioning system for an automobile is provided with an engine, a power storage means, and a power generation means driven by the engine to charge the power storage means. The electric compressor driven by the power supply from the means, the engine driven compressor driven by the engine, the refrigerant circuit in which the refrigerant is circulated by these compressors, and the refrigerant circulation in the refrigerant circuit are performed by the electric compressor or the engine. It is provided with a control means for selectively switching between the drive compressor and the compressor.The control means executes switching control of the compressor used for refrigerant circulation on the basis of the load of the refrigerant circuit and the engine speed, so that it can handle all situations. By selectively using engine driven compressor and electric compressor, Rate manner it is possible to perform the vehicle interior air conditioning.

Therefore, particularly when the load of the refrigerant circuit is small, it becomes possible to selectively use the electric compressor, and the deterioration of the thermal efficiency due to the excess capacity of the compressor caused by the use of the engine-driven compressor can be prevented. You will be able to avoid it. As a result, it becomes possible to improve the operation efficiency of the automobile air conditioning system, engine, and the like.

When a high compressor capacity is required, it is possible to maximize the air conditioning capacity by using the engine-driven compressor, and to realize comfortable vehicle interior air conditioning. become.

According to the automotive air conditioning system of the second aspect of the invention, in addition to the first aspect of the invention, the control means normally uses an electric compressor, and the load of the refrigerant circuit is large,
Since the engine-driven compressor is used when the engine speed is high, normally the operation control of the electric compressor is performed according to the load of the refrigerant circuit, so it is possible to avoid a decrease in operating efficiency due to excessive operation of the compressor. become able to. Further, when the load of the refrigerant circuit is large and the engine speed is high, the refrigerant circulation control is performed by the engine-driven compressor that can exhibit high compressor capacity, so that the air conditioning capacity can be maximized. As a result, more comfortable vehicle interior air conditioning can be realized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an air conditioner constituting an automobile air conditioning system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an electric block diagram of a control device.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining switching control of a control device.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of an air conditioner constituting a conventional automobile air conditioning system.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Air Conditioner 2 Engine 4 Generator 5 Vehicle-mounted Battery 10 Electric Compressor 11 Compressor Motor 13 Condenser 17 Liquid Receiver 18 Expansion Valve 19 Evaporator 28 Control Device 33 Heater 50, 53, 55, 56 Solenoid Valve 51, 52 Three-way Pipe 54 engine driven compressor 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 6
5 sensors

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Takagi             1 Otsuki-cho, Ashikaga City, Tochigi Prefecture Sanyo Electric Air Conditioning             Within the corporation (72) Inventor Mitsuhiko Ishino             1 Otsuki-cho, Ashikaga City, Tochigi Prefecture Sanyo Electric Air Conditioning             Within the corporation

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An electric compressor used in an automobile, comprising an engine, a power storage unit, and a power generation unit that is driven by the engine to charge the power storage unit, the electric compressor being driven by power supply from the power storage unit, An engine driven compressor driven by an engine, a refrigerant circuit in which a refrigerant is circulated by the compressors, and a refrigerant circulation in the refrigerant circuit are selectively switched between the electric compressor and the engine driven compressor. An air conditioning system for an automobile, comprising: a control unit, the control unit executing switching control of the compressor used for refrigerant circulation based on a load of the refrigerant circuit and an engine speed. 2. The control means normally uses the electric compressor, and uses the engine-driven compressor when the load of the refrigerant circuit is large and the engine speed is high. Automotive air conditioning system.