JP2003145350A - Automatic engagement method for gear grinding machine and its device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To allow easy higher-speed rotation of a grinding tool with a simple processes and construction. SOLUTION: This automatic engagement device 40 comprises a first detector 70 for detecting a phase difference between a rotation reference position of a workpiece shaft 50 and a detection position of a workpiece sensor 64 when rotating the workpiece shaft 50 in synchronization with a tool shaft 58 at a second low rotating speed, a second detector 72 for detecting a phase difference between the rotation reference position of the workpiece shaft 50 and the rotation reference position of the tool shaft 58 when rotating the workpiece shaft 50 in synchronization with the tool shaft 58 at a first high rotating speed, and an arithmetic circuit 74 for computing the initial learned phases of the grinding tool 60 and the workpiece W from the phase differences.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tool shaft having a grinding tool attached with a spiral stripe and a work shaft having a work attached, which are rotationally driven in synchronization with each other. The present invention relates to an automatic meshing method and device of a gear grinding machine for automatically meshing the grinding tool and the work when grinding a workpiece.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a gear grinding machine is designed to rotate a tool shaft having a grinding tool attached with a spiral stripe and a work shaft having a work attached thereto in synchronization with each other. The grinding tool is configured to grind the tooth surface of the gear, which is the work. In this case, in order to perform highly accurate grinding processing, it is necessary to accurately match the phases of the grinding tool and the work.

Therefore, the applicant of the present invention has proposed an automatic meshing device in a gear grinding machine capable of automatically and accurately meshing a grinding tool with a gear as a work (Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-38089). ).

In this automatic meshing device, as shown in FIG. 7, a cutting table 4 is arranged on a bed 2 via a cutting motor 6 so as to be movable back and forth in the direction of arrow A (cutting direction). On the cutting table 4, a traverse table 8 is arranged via a traverse motor 10 so as to be able to advance and retreat in a direction of arrow B (traverse direction) orthogonal to the direction of arrow A, and a work W and a work sensor 12 are arranged on the traverse table 8. It is arranged. The work W is connected to the motor 14 via an electromagnetic clutch 16, and
When the work W rotates, the work sensor 12 optically detects the number of teeth of the work W and generates a predetermined pulse.

A turntable 20 is held on the bed 2 via a column 18. The turntable 20 turns in the direction of arrow C by a motor (not shown), and
A shift table 22 is provided on the turning table 20. The shift table 22 includes a shift motor 24.
A grindstone spindle unit 26 is mounted on the shift table 22 while moving in the direction of arrow D via. The grindstone spindle unit 26 includes a motor 28, and the grindstone 30 is rotationally driven via the motor 28.

The grindstone spindle unit 26 includes a grindstone 30.
The traverse table 8 is provided with a second pulse generator 34 for detecting the rotation of the motor 14, while the first pulse generator 32 for detecting the rotation of the motor 14 is provided.

In such a structure, first, with the electromagnetic clutch 16 disengaged, the cutting motor 6 is urged to move the cutting table 4 forward. At that time, the motor 2
8 is deenergized, and the grindstone 30 and the work W are manually meshed with each other to perform phase matching.

Next, the motor 28 is rotated at a low speed, and the motor 14 is rotationally driven in synchronization with this, whereby the grindstone 30 and the work W are synchronously rotated. In this state, as shown in FIG. 8, with the zero point (0 point) of the first pulse generator 32 as the starting point, the pulse number of the A phase of this first pulse generator 32 is the pulse output from the work sensor 12. Count up to. Then, based on the pulse count value from the first pulse generator 32, the automatic phase alignment of the grindstone 30 and the work W is performed.

[0009]

However, in this type of grinding process, the cutting motor 6 is urged to move the cutting table 4 forward while the electromagnetic clutch 16 is released as described above, and the operator The grindstone 30 and the work W are meshed with each other by a manual operation to perform phase matching. Therefore, it has been pointed out that the initial phase matching work between the grindstone 30 and the work W is not efficiently and automatically performed.

The present invention solves this kind of problem, and the phase of the grinding tool and the work can be automatically and efficiently matched by a simple process and configuration, and the efficiency of the entire gear grinding process is improved. It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic meshing method and device for a gear grinding machine capable of performing the above.

[0011]

In the automatic meshing method and apparatus for a gear grinding machine according to the present invention, the second shaft having a work shaft to which the work is attached is lower than the first rotation speed at the time of grinding the work. By rotating at the rotation speed, the phase difference between the rotation reference position of the work shaft and the detection position of the work sensor that detects the tooth portion of the work is detected.

Then, the work shaft is rotated at the first rotation speed in synchronization with the tool shaft, whereby the phase difference between the rotation reference position of the work shaft and the rotation reference position of the tool shaft is detected. . Then, the initial teaching phase between the grinding tool and the workpiece is calculated from each phase difference detected in the first and second steps.

As described above, when the initial teaching phase between the grinding tool and the work is calculated, first, the work axis is rotated at the second rotation speed which is a low speed rotation in which the work tooth can be accurately detected by the work sensor. Therefore, a general work sensor can be effectively used. Next, the work shaft is rotated at a first rotation speed which is synchronized with the tool shaft and which is a high speed rotation. As a result, it is possible to automatically and efficiently calculate the initial teaching phase between the grinding tool and the workpiece that rotate at high speed during grinding.

The workpiece to be machined is attached to the workpiece shaft, each phase difference is detected in the same manner as above, and the phase between the grinding tool and the workpiece to be machined is calculated from each phase difference. Therefore, the work axis and / or the tool are adjusted so that the calculated phase matches the initial teaching phase, that is, the phase correction amount corresponding to the difference between the calculated phase and the initial teaching phase. After the phase of the shaft is corrected, the gear grinding process of the work is started. Therefore, the tool shaft can be rotated at high speed, and the processing lead time can be easily shortened.

[0015]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an automatic meshing device 40 for carrying out an automatic meshing method for a gear grinding machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The gear grinder 42 to which the automatic meshing device 40 is applied is basically constructed in the same manner as the gear grinder shown in FIG. 7, and on the bed 44, the direction of arrow A (cutting direction) and A movable table 46 that can move back and forth in the direction of arrow B (traverse direction) is arranged. Movable table 4
A work shaft motor 48 is mounted on the work 6, and a work W is mounted on a work shaft 50 of the work shaft motor 48.
The work shaft motor 48 is rotated by the work shaft encoder 5
While being detected via 2, the work axis encoder 52 outputs a Z-phase pulse and an A-phase pulse that are rotation reference positions of the work axis 50.

A swiveling column 54 provided on the bed 44
A tool shaft motor 56 is mounted on the tool shaft 56 so as to be rotatable in the direction of arrow C and movable back and forth in the direction of arrow D, and a grinding tool 60 is mounted on the tool shaft 58 of the tool shaft motor 56. A tool shaft encoder 62 is connected to the tool shaft motor 56. In the vicinity of the work W, this work W
For example, a work sensor 64 that magnetically detects the number of teeth when rotating is generated and generates a predetermined pulse.

When the tool shaft 58 is rotated at a rotation speed (for example, 6,000 rpm) for grinding the work W,
The work shaft 50 has, for example, a work W having a spur gear and six teeth.
In the case of 0 (60T), it is rotated at 100 rpm (first rotation speed) in 100% synchronization. The automatic meshing device 40 rotates the work shaft 50 synchronously at the second rotation speed of 50 rpm (for example, 50% synchronous with the tool shaft 58),
A first detector 70 that detects a phase difference between a rotation reference position of the work shaft 50 and a detection position of the work sensor 64, and a first detector 70 that synchronizes the work shaft 50 with the tool shaft 58 at 100%.
When rotating at a rotation speed of 100 rpm, the work shaft 5
The second detector 72 for detecting the phase difference between the rotation reference position of 0 and the rotation reference position of the tool shaft 58, and the phase difference detected by the first and second detectors 70, 72, the grinding tool 60. And an arithmetic circuit 74 for calculating the initial teaching phase of the work W.

The first detector 70 receives the Z-phase pulse, which is the rotation reference position of the work shaft 50, from the work shaft encoder 52 and the work sensor pulse from the work sensor 64, and the first flip-flop 76. When,
The output of the first flip-flop 76 and the A-phase pulse of the work axis encoder 52 are input, and a first AND circuit 78 that functions as a count gate, and the first AND circuit 78 are provided.
A first counter 80 that counts the number of pulses output from the AND circuit 78 and sends phase data to the arithmetic circuit 74.

The second detector 72 receives the Z-phase pulse which is the rotation reference position of the work shaft 50 from the work axis encoder 52, and the Z reference pulse which is the rotation reference position of the tool shaft 58 from the tool shaft encoder 62. A second flip-flop 82 to which a phase pulse is input, an output of the second flip-flop 82, and an A-phase pulse of the work shaft encoder 52, and a second AND circuit 84 that functions as a count gate. The number of pulses output from the second AND circuit 84 is counted and the phase data is calculated by the arithmetic circuit 7.
4 and a second counter 86 for sending to

The arithmetic circuit 74 is a central processing unit (hereinafter referred to as C
This is a function of a PU 87, and this CPU 87 sends a servo speed command to the work axis motor 48 via an amplifier 88 and is provided with a memory 90.

The operation of the automatic meshing device 40 thus constructed will be described below in connection with the gear grinding machine 42.

First, when the work shaft motor 48 and the tool shaft motor 56 are rotationally driven synchronously, the pulse outputs from the work shaft encoder 52, the tool shaft encoder 62 and the work sensor 64 are shown in FIG. It is obtained as the time chart shown. At that time, the phase P of the grinding tool 60 and the work W is determined by the number of pulses of the work axis encoder 52 (A phase pulse) between the output position of the Z phase pulse of the tool axis encoder 62 and the detection position of the work sensor 64. (Counted value). However, when the tool shaft 58 rotates at high speed, it becomes difficult for the normal work sensor 64 to detect the tooth portion of the work W.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the step of rotating the work shaft 50 at a low speed to detect the phase difference P1 between the rotation reference position of the work shaft 50 and the detection position of the work sensor 64, and the work shaft 50 as a tool. The work shaft 50 is rotated at a high speed in synchronization with the shaft 58 to rotate the work shaft 50 and the tool shaft 5.
8 for detecting the phase difference P2 from the rotation reference position of 8 (see FIG. 3 and FIG. 4).

Further, the present embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

First, while the work W is engaged with the grinding tool 60, the work W is clamped on the work shaft 50 (step S1). Then, after the movable table 46 is moved backward in the cutting direction and the work W is retracted from the grinding tool 60 (step S2), the process proceeds to step S3,
Under the driving action of the tool shaft motor 56, the tool shaft 58 is rotated at a high rotation speed (for example, 6,000 rpm).

Next, the CPU 87 sends a servo speed command to the amplifier 88. Therefore, the work shaft motor 48
Is driven and the work shaft 50 is rotationally driven at a second rotation speed (for example, 50 rpm) lower than the first rotation speed (for example, 100 rpm) in synchronization with the tool shaft 58 by 50% (step S4). The second rotation speed is set to a rotation speed at which the work sensor 64 can detect the tooth portion of the work W. Further, when it is confirmed that the work shaft 50 is rotating at the second rotation speed in synchronization with the tool shaft 58 by 50% (YES in step S5), the process proceeds to step S6 to reset the first counter 80. (clear.

Next, in the first detector 70, the Z-phase pulse is input from the work axis encoder 52 and the work sensor pulse is input from the work sensor 64 to the first flip-flop 76. Therefore, the first counter 8
0, as shown in FIG. 3, the work axis encoder 52
From the time when the Z-phase pulse is detected to the time when the work sensor 64 detects it, the number of A-phase pulses emitted from the work-axis encoder 52 is counted as the phase difference P1.

Then, when it is confirmed by the status signal that the counting is completed (YES in step S7),
The count value of the phase difference P1 by the first counter 80 is read into the arithmetic circuit 74 (step S8). Further, the work shaft motor 48 is controlled, and the work shaft 50 is set to the tool shaft 5.
It is rotated at the first rotation speed in synchronization with 8 at 100% (step S9).

Next, the work shaft 50 is replaced with the tool shafts 58 and 10.
If it is confirmed that the rotation is performed in synchronization with 0% (YES in step S10), the process proceeds to step S11 to reset (clear) the second counter 86. In the second detector 72, respective Z-phase pulses are input to the second flip-flop 82 from the work axis encoder 52 and the tool axis encoder 62. As a result, in the second counter 86, as shown in FIG.
The encoder 62 for the tool axis starts from the time when the second Z-phase pulse is detected.
The number of A-phase pulses of the work axis encoder 52 is counted as the phase difference P2 until the Z-phase pulse is detected.

When the count is completed by the above status signal (YES in step S12), the process proceeds to step S13, and the count value of the phase difference P2 by the second counter 86 is read by the arithmetic circuit 74. This arithmetic circuit 7
In 4, the phase difference P1 is divided by the phase difference P2 to obtain the phase P of the grinding tool 60 and the work W (step S14), and the phase P is stored in the memory 90 as initial teaching phase data (step S14). S15).

Thus, in this embodiment, the grinding tool 6
When calculating the initial teaching phase between 0 and the work W, first,
The work shaft 50 rotates at a second rotation speed that is a low rotation speed at which the tooth portion of the work W can be accurately detected by the work sensor 64. Therefore, the normal work sensor 64 is used to detect the phase difference P1 between the rotation reference position of the work shaft 50 and the detection position of the work W with high accuracy.

Next, the work shaft 50 is attached to the tool shaft 58 by 100.
The phase difference P2 between the rotation reference position of the work shaft 50 and the rotation reference position of the tool shaft 58 is detected by being rotated at the first rotation speed which is a high-speed rotation in synchronization with%. Then, by dividing the phase difference P2 from the phase difference P1, the initial teaching phase data (phase P) between the grinding tool 60 and the workpiece W that are rotated at high speed is automatically and efficiently calculated.

As a result, in this embodiment, the initial teaching phase data of the grinding tool 60 and the work W that are rotated at high speed during grinding are automatically and reliably detected using the normal work sensor 64. Therefore, the grinding tool 60 can be easily rotated at a high speed, and a simple process and configuration can be used.
The effect that the efficiency of the entire grinding process can be achieved can be obtained.

In FIG. 5, while the tool shaft 58 is rotated at a high rotation speed (for example, 6,000 rpm) (step S3), the work shaft 50 is replaced with the tool shaft 58.
50% synchronized with the first rotation speed (for example, 100 rp
Second rotation speed lower than m) (eg 50 rpm)
Although it is rotated by (step S4), this work shaft 5
When 0 is rotated at the second rotation speed, the tool shaft 58 does not have to be rotated. Then, the tool shaft 58 may be rotated at high speed only when the work shaft 50 is rotated at the first rotation speed.

Next, after the initial teaching phase data of the grinding tool 60 and the work W is calculated as described above, the method for automatically engaging the work W to be machined by the grinding tool 60 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. It will be explained with reference to FIG.

First, the tool shaft 58 is rotated at a high speed at a first rotation speed which is a grinding speed (step S21),
The work W is clamped on the work shaft 50 (step S
22). And the work axis 50 is 50% of the tool axis 58.
The second rotation speed, which is lower than the first rotation speed, is synchronously rotated (step S23). Further, similar to steps S5 to S8 shown in FIG. 5, the phase difference P1 ′ between the rotation reference position of the work shaft 50 and the detection position of the work sensor 64 is detected and read into the arithmetic circuit 74 (steps S24 to S8).
27).

In step S28, the work shaft 50 is rotated at the first rotation speed which is 100% in synchronism with the tool shaft 58 and is a normal rotation, and the steps S9 to S13 in FIG.
Similarly, the phase difference P2 ′ between the rotation reference position of the work shaft 50 and the rotation reference position of the tool shaft 58 is read into the arithmetic circuit 74 (steps S28 to S32). Next, in step S33, the phase difference P1 'is divided by the phase difference P2' to calculate the phase P'between the grinding tool 60 and the workpiece W. Then, the phase P'and the initial teaching phase data are calculated. The difference D from (phase P) is calculated (step S3).
4).

Therefore, the work shaft 50 (or the tool shaft 5)
8) is corrected by shifting the synchronization in the direction in which the phase correction amount (D value) becomes 0, so that the grinding tool 60 and the work W
And the phase are adjusted (step S35). Further, when the work W cuts and traverses, the machining cycle of the work W by the grinding tool 60 is started (step S36).

After the above machining cycle is completed, the tool shaft 58 and the work shaft 50 are released from synchronization and the work shaft 50 is stopped (step S37). Then, while the work W after grinding is removed from the work shaft 50 (step S38), the above process is repeated until the predetermined grinding process is completed (step S39).

As described above, in the present embodiment, the work W to be ground is attached to the work shaft 50, and the phase P ′ between the work W and the grinding tool 60 is the same as in the initial teaching phase calculation step. It is calculated. Then, the calculated phase P'is matched with the initial teaching phase data (phase P), that is, the phase correction amount (D value) which is the difference between the phase P'and the initial teaching phase data (phase P). The phase of the work axis 50 or the tool axis 58 is corrected by shifting the synchronization in the direction of 0. Therefore, the phase of each workpiece W to be machined can be accurately and quickly matched to the grinding tool 60 rotated at high speed during grinding, and the effect that the machining lead time can be shortened easily can be obtained. .

[0042]

According to the automatic meshing method and apparatus for a gear grinding machine of the present invention, a normal work sensor is used to automatically and highly accurately detect the phase of a grinding tool and a work that are rotated at high speed during grinding. The initial teaching phase of the grinding tool and the work can be effectively and efficiently calculated with a simple process and configuration.

Further, after the phases of the workpiece to be machined and the grinding tool are calculated, the phases of the work axis and / or the tool axis are corrected so that the calculated phases match the initial teaching phase, The grinding process of the work is started. This allows the tool axis to rotate at high speed,
The processing lead time can be shortened easily.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an automatic meshing device for carrying out an automatic meshing method for a gear grinding machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a time chart for detecting a phase by a work axis encoder, a tool axis encoder, and a work sensor.

FIG. 3 is a time chart for detecting a phase difference between a rotation reference position of a work shaft and a detection position of a work sensor.

FIG. 4 is a time chart for detecting a phase difference between the rotation reference position of the work shaft and the rotation reference position of the tool shaft.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart for calculating initial teaching phase data.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart for automatically engaging a workpiece to be machined with a tool.

FIG. 7 is a perspective explanatory view of a gear grinding machine according to a conventional technique.

FIG. 8 is a time chart of an automatic meshing method for a gear grinding machine according to a conventional technique.

[Explanation of Codes] 40 ... Automatic meshing device 42 ... Gear grinding machine 48 ... Work shaft motor 50 ... Work shaft 52 ... Work shaft encoder 56 ... Tool shaft motor 58 ... Tool shaft 60 ... Grinding tool 62 ... Tool shaft encoder 64 Work sensors 70, 72 ... Detector 74 ... Operation circuits 76, 82 ... Flip-flops 78, 84 ... AND circuits 80, 86 ... Counter 88 ... Amplifier 90 ... Memory

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Naoki Iwasa             1-10-1 Shinsayama, Sayama City, Saitama Prefecture             Engineering Co., Ltd. F term (reference) 3C025 AA01 HH01

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A tool shaft to which a grinding tool having a spiral thread is attached and a work shaft to which a work is attached are synchronously driven to rotate, and when the work is ground by the grinding tool, A method for automatically meshing a gear grinding machine for automatically meshing the grinding tool with the work, the second rotation speed of the work shaft being lower than a first rotation speed at the time of grinding the work. The first step of detecting the phase difference between the rotation reference position of the work shaft and the detection position of the work sensor that detects the tooth portion of the work, and the work shaft in synchronization with the tool shaft. And a second step of rotating at the first rotation speed to detect a phase difference between the rotation reference position of the work shaft and the rotation reference position of the tool shaft, and detected in the first and second steps. From each phase difference,
A third for calculating an initial teaching phase between the tool and the work
And an automatic meshing method for a gear grinding machine, which comprises: 2. The automatic meshing method according to claim 1, wherein a workpiece to be machined is attached to the workpiece shaft, and the first and second steps are performed to detect the respective phase differences. And a fifth step of calculating the phase between the tool and the workpiece to be machined from each phase difference detected in the fourth step, and the phase calculated in the fifth step is A sixth step of correcting the phase of the work axis and / or the tool axis so as to match the initial teaching phase calculated in the step 3), and automatic meshing of the gear grinding machine, Method. 3. A tool shaft to which a grinding tool having a spiral stripe is attached and a work shaft to which a work is attached are rotationally driven in synchronization, and when grinding the work with the grinding tool, An automatic meshing device of a gear grinding machine for automatically meshing the grinding tool and the work, wherein the tool shaft is rotated at a first rotation speed at the time of grinding the work, and the work shaft is Of the rotation reference position of the work shaft and the detection position of the work sensor for detecting the tooth portion of the work when rotating the work at a second rotation speed lower than the first rotation speed when grinding the work. A first detector that detects a phase difference; a workpiece shaft, when rotating the workpiece shaft in synchronization with the tool shaft and at the first rotation speed; and a rotation reference position of the workpiece shaft,
From a second detector that detects a phase difference between the rotation reference position of the tool shaft and each phase difference detected by the first and second detectors,
An automatic meshing device for a gear grinding machine, comprising: an arithmetic circuit that calculates an initial teaching phase between the tool and the workpiece.