JPS6238089B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an automatic meshing device for a gear grinding machine, and more particularly, the present invention relates to an automatic meshing device for a gear grinding machine. The present invention relates to an automatic meshing device that can prevent incorrect loading of different types of workpieces and detect abnormal workpieces.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A device is used that grinds a large number of teeth of a gear by meshing a grindstone with spiral grooves on the circumferential surface of a workpiece, such as a gear. In this case, unless synchronized operation is achieved between the grindstone and the gear, the grinding action of the grindstone will not be applied uniformly to each tooth of the gear, and the desired gear will not be obtained. Therefore, for the synchronous operation of the grindstone and the gear, the relational expression holds: rotation speed of the grindstone x number of teeth on the grindstone = rotation speed of the workpiece x number of teeth on the workpiece.

Therefore, in the above-mentioned relationship, in the conventional technology, when a new gear is attached and the machining process is to be carried out, the initial engagement must be performed manually with the grindstone and gear stopped. Must be. For this reason, when machining a large number of identical gears, it is necessary to stop the grinding wheel each time. Especially when the grinding wheel rotates at high speed and has a large inertia factor, stopping time is wasted, and automatic There was an inconvenience that continuous operation could not be performed. Furthermore, when a large number of gears to be machined are placed on standby for a grinding process, different types of gears may be mistakenly mixed together. For example, even if the modules are the same, the number of teeth is different. If different types of gears that cannot be distinguished at a glance are subjected to the grinding process, not only will the grinding not be carried out normally, but the grinding process itself will be significantly disrupted.

The present invention has been made to overcome the various problems described above, and includes a first rotational drive source for rotating a cutting tool, and a zero-point pulse and an A, respectively, according to the rotation of the cutting tool. a pulse generator that generates a pulse train consisting of phase pulses; a second rotational drive source for rotating a gear to be ground that meshes with the cutting tool; a detector for generating pulses, the pulse generator being connected to a counter and the counter being connected to a count memory circuit;
The output side of the detector is connected to the counter and the count memory circuit, respectively, and the counter starts counting the pulses of the A-phase pulse train by the pulses of the 0-point pulse train generated by the pulse generator, and starts counting the pulses of the A-phase pulse train.
Counting of the pulses of the A-phase pulse train is completed by the pulses detected by the rotation of a reference gear mounted on the rotational drive source, and the counted value information is stored in the count memory circuit, and then the subsequent The count value information related to the number of A-phase pulses of the pulse generator in the time interval between the 0 point pulse of the pulse generator and the pulse generated from the detector is counted by rotating a gear mounted on the second rotational drive source. It is characterized in that it is configured to be introduced into a memory circuit and compared with pulse count value information related to the stored reference gear, and to perform phase synchronization control for grinding the succeeding gear based on the comparison result.

Next, preferred embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the external configuration of a gear grinding machine for carrying out the present invention, in which reference numeral 10 indicates a bed, and a cutting table 12 is disposed on the upper surface of this bed 10. be done. The notch table 12 moves forward and backward in the direction of arrow A under the rotational action of the cutting motor 14. A traverse table 16 is further disposed on the upper surface of the cutting table 12, and this cutting table 16 is connected to the traverse motor 1.
8, it moves forward and backward at right angles to the direction of arrow A, that is, in the direction of arrow B. Further, on the traverse table 16, a gear, that is, a workpiece 20, and a workpiece sensor 21 are arranged close to the workpiece 20. This work 20 is rotated by a work spindle motor 22. Work sensor 21
The number of teeth rotated by the motor 22 is detected optically, for example, and a predetermined pulse is generated. On the other hand, a column 24 is disposed above the bed 10 in the direction of movement of the cutting table 16, and a turning table 26 is held by this column 24. The turning table 26 is turned in the direction of arrow C by a motor (not shown) disposed in the column 24, and a shift table 28 is further provided on the turning table 26.
is moved in the direction of arrow D by the shift motor 30. A grindstone spindle unit 32 is attached to the shift table 28. As shown in FIG. 2, the grindstone spindle unit 32 includes a grindstone rotation drive motor 34, a first gear 36 rotated by the motor 34, and one end of the rotating shaft that meshes with the first gear 36. It basically consists of a second gear 40 to which a grindstone 38 is attached, and a first pulse generator 42 that engages with the other end of the rotating shaft of the second gear 40. The circular grindstone 38 has several grooves carved on its periphery.

On the other hand, on the work side, the work 20 is
A gear 50 having a relatively large diameter is rotatably supported at one end of the rotary shaft 44 via a pair of clamp jigs 46 in a detachable manner, and a gear 50 having a relatively large diameter is rotatably supported at the other end of the rotary shaft 44 via a clutch 48 . The gear 50 meshes with a gear 52 having a smaller diameter. The gear 52 is supported by a shaft 56, and one end of the shaft 56 is connected to the coupling 5.
8 to the workpiece motor 22, and the other end is connected to the second pulse generator 60 (see FIG. 3).

Next, in the gear grinding machine constructed as described above, an electric circuit for operating the automatic meshing device will be explained with reference to FIG. 4.

Regarding the first pulse generator 42 on the grinding wheel unit 32 side, the output side of the A-phase pulse is branched, and one side is connected to the input side of the index calculator 62, and the other side is connected to one input side of the counter 64. connected to the side. One output side of the index calculator 62 is connected to an AND gate 66, and the other output side is connected to an AND gate 68. both and gate 6
The output sides of 6 and 68 are connected to the OR gate 70,
The output of the OR gate 70 is amplified by an amplifier 72 connected thereto, and the output is output to the work spindle motor 2.
2 will be introduced. Next, the pulse from the zero point of the pulse generator 42 is introduced into the other input side of the counter 64. The output side of the counter 64 is connected to a count memory 74 . The count memory 74 also receives the output of a shaping circuit 76 that shapes the waveforms of the output of the counter 64, the branched pulse from the 0 point of the pulse generator 42, and the output of the sensor 21 facing the workpiece 20. in this case,
The output of the shaping circuit 76 is also introduced into the counter 64. One output side of the count memory 74 is connected to the input side of a counter 78 , and the output of said counter 78 is introduced into one input side of an AND gate 80 . A cutting command signal for the workpiece 20 is introduced into the other input side of the AND gate 80 . The output signal of the AND gate 80 is sent to the amplifier 82.
is amplified and enters the cutting motor 14. The output of the count memory 74 is branched to the AND gate 6.
The other output of the memory 74 is configured to enter the AND gate 68. In the figure, reference numeral 84 indicates an amplifier that amplifies a signal for automatically engaging the workpiece 20 and the grindstone 38, and the amplified signal is introduced into the electromagnetic clutch 48.

Therefore, the operation of the automatic meshing device for a gear grinding machine configured as described above will be explained next.

First, the initial phase alignment between the grinding wheel 38 and the workpiece 20 is performed in order to teach information about the workpieces, such as module, number of teeth, etc., to the device itself when grinding a large number of the same workpieces. Utilized.

Therefore, the electromagnetic clutch 48 is first turned off. As a result, the work spindle 44 can be rotated lightly by hand (FIG. 5, step 1). Next, the cutting motor 14 is energized to move the cutting table 12 forward (step 2 in the same example). At this time, the grindstone spindle motor 34 is not energized, and the grindstone 38 is in a stopped state. Therefore,
The grindstone 38 and the workpiece 20 are brought into mesh with each other, and phase alignment can be easily performed by hand. Next, the grindstone spindle motor 34 is rotated at a low speed (step 3). Therefore, the grindstone 38 also rotates slowly, and the work spindle motor 22 is also driven to rotate in synchronization with this. Since the workpiece 20 is meshed with the grindstone 38, its rotation causes it to rotate in the opposite direction.

In this state, starting from the zero point of the pulse generator 42, the number of A-phase pulses (N) of this pulse generator is counted until a pulse is output from the workpiece sensor 21 (step 4 in the same example). 6
(see figure). That is, A of the pulse generator 42
The phase pulse is introduced into the counter 64, and the signal starting from the zero point is also introduced into the counter 64.
4 will be introduced. On the other hand, the waveform signal from the sensor 21 is once shaped into a pulse by the waveform shaping circuit 76 and then introduced into the counter 64, and the A-phase pulses are counted until this signal is introduced. This counted pulse value N is stored in the count memory 74. At the same time, the A-phase pulses of the second pulse generator 60 are counted from the time of the first pulse output obtained from the workpiece sensor 21, and this counting is continued until the next pulse output of the workpiece sensor 21. In this case, the count number is set to M (see FIG. 6).

Therefore, regarding this count number M, the following equation holds true.

M=1/Z2×P2×T1/T2……(Equation 1) However: Z2……Number of teeth of workpiece T1……Number of teeth of gear 50 T2……Number of teeth of gear 52 P2……Second pulse generator 60. Therefore, if the number of teeth Z2 of the workpiece 20 to be mounted on the workpiece spindle 44 is known in advance, the count number M becomes a fixed value. For this reason, if the counter 64 is equipped with a digital display function in advance, when a measured value m different from the theoretical value M is displayed on the counter 64, it is possible to detect incorrect workpiece input, a defective workpiece sensor output, or a defective workpiece. (Step 5).

When the theoretical value (M) and the measured value (m) match,
The drive of the grindstone spindle motor 34 is stopped (step 6 in the same example), and at the same time, the workpiece spindle motor 22 also stops its rotation. Then, the cutting motor 14 is energized again to retract the cutting table 12, and the initial phase alignment is completed (step 7 in the same figure). At this time, it should be noted that the count value (N) is held as is in the count memory 74 as described above. Of course, when the theoretical value (M) and the measured value (m) are different, it is assumed that the workpiece 20 has been erroneously inserted, so it goes without saying that it is necessary to remove the workpiece 20.

Next, a process of automatically meshing the grindstone 38 and the workpiece 20 using the value N stored in the count memory 74 during the initial phase matching will be described.

When the grindstone spindle motor 34 is energized with the workpiece 20 attached, the workpiece spindle motor 22 electrically connected thereto is also driven, and both enter synchronous operation. Therefore, the electromagnetic clutch 48
(Fig. 7, Step 1), the workpiece 2
0 will be rotated by the work spindle motor 22 (step 2 of the same). In this state, if the cutting motor 14 is energized, the cutting table 12 will gradually move forward (step 3 in the same table).
Before the workpiece 20 and the grindstone 38 engage with each other, the cutting motor 14 is temporarily deenergized. This is because when the lid is closed and the workpiece 20 is in a normal state, the workpiece 20 has a phase shift with respect to the grindstone 38, and this needs to be corrected.

Therefore, the number of A-phase pulses (N') is counted by the counter 64 starting from the 0 point of the pulse generator 42 until the output of the workpiece sensor 21 is received.
It is derived to count memory 74. As a result, the count memory 74 compares the already stored value (N) with the current count value N' (step 4 in the same table). When (N) and (N') are equal, this indicates that there is no phase shift, and just to be sure, the counter 78 continues counting N' a predetermined number of times (K times). , step 6) If the values are equal each time, the signal is introduced into the AND gate 80 (see FIG. 8). If the cutting command signal is input to the other input terminal of the AND gate 80,
AND gate 80 is opened and the signal is passed to amplifier 8.
2, the cutting motor 14 is energized and the cutting table 12 is moved forward (step 7 in the same figure). On the other hand, the signal related to this equality is introduced into the AND gate 66, and since the rotation signal n/α with a normal period from the index calculator 62 is introduced into the AND gate 66, the gate is opened. . This signal is introduced into the OR gate 70 and operates the work motor 22 synchronously via the amplifier 72, thereby transitioning to a normal grinding process.

Now, when N' and the stored value N are not equal, this means that there is a phase shift between the grindstone 38 and the workpiece 20. Therefore, that signal is introduced into one input terminal of the AND gate 68, and the signal n/α' related to the phase shift from the indexing calculator 62 is introduced into the other input terminal. , the gate will be opened. Therefore, the signal reaches the amplifier 72 via the OR gate 70 and increases or decreases the number of revolutions of the work motor 22 in accordance with the value (N') (step 5 in the same figure). By repeating this, a value N' that is approximately equal to the value N is finally obtained, and the phase shift is eliminated. That is, the index calculation unit 62
The n/α signal is input from the count memory 74, and the signal N≒N' is input to the AND gate 66, and the output signal opens the OR gate 70, and the synchronous operation of the grindstone 38 and the workpiece 20 is restored to normal. ,
Thereafter, the workpiece 20 will maintain the same phase with respect to the grindstone 38. In this case, in the count memory 74, since N≒N', the signal is introduced into the counter 78, and after the K confirmation checks, the cutting motor 14 is energized, as described above. The same is true.

On the other hand, when N' has an extremely large difference from the value N, automatic operation is stopped for safety reasons.

For example, let us consider a case where a workpiece having the number of teeth (Z2+1) is erroneously inserted into a workpiece having the number of teeth (Z2). At that time, the following formula holds true.

In the case of a normal workpiece, N'=N If the number of teeth is one more than that of the normal workpiece, N'=N-P1 (K-1)・1/Z2+1
...(Second formula) However, P1... Number of pulses per revolution of the first pulse generator 42. In other words, the difference from the normal workpiece is △=P1・(K-1)・1/Z2+1...(No. (Formula 3) Here, if P1 is set as 500, the number of teeth Z2 is 50, and the difference in count value △ is set as 10, then from Equation 3, K = 2.02.In other words, by measuring with the counter 78 three times in a row, N'≒N It can be confirmed that this is the case.

According to the present invention, as described above, pulses related to the rotating grindstone and pulses related to the teeth of the workpiece detected by a sensor placed close to the workpiece are detected, and pulses related to the teeth of the workpiece are detected. The number of pulses applied to the grinding wheel up to the rise of the pulse is stored, and this information can be provided as rotation information for the workpiece to be processed in the next step. Not only is it easy to achieve initial phase alignment for synchronous operation of workpieces, but it has also become extremely easy to confirm the type of workpieces to be continuously machined and to check whether the workpieces themselves are good or bad. . Therefore, not only improved machining efficiency but also effects such as being able to obtain a ground workpiece of good quality in a short time were obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figures relate to an automatic meshing device in a gear grinding machine according to the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing its external configuration, Fig. 2 is an explanatory view showing the relationship between the grindstone and the workpiece, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the workpiece, the pulse generator, and the workpiece motor that drives them; FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram for initial phasing and automatic meshing of the grindstone and the workpiece;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of initial phase alignment;
The figure is a time chart for initial phase matching, FIG. 7 is a flow chart for automatic meshing, and FIG. 8 is a time chart for automatic meshing. 10...bed, 12...cut table, 14
...cutting motor, 16...traverse table,
18... Traverse motor, 20... Work, 2
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Work sensor, 22... Work spindle motor, 24... Column, 26... Turning table, 28... Shift table, 30... Shift motor, 32... Grindstone spindle unit, 34
...Wheelstone motor, 36...First gear, 38...
Grindstone, 40... Second gear, 42... First pulse generator, 44... Rotating shaft, 46... Clamp jig,
48...Clutch, 50, 52...Gear, 56...
...axis, 58...coupling, 60...second pulse generator, 62...index calculator, 64...counter, 66, 68...AND gate, 70...OR gate, 72...amplifier, 74... ... Count memory, 76 ... Shaping circuit, 78 ... Counter, 80
...and gate, 82, 84...amplifier.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A first rotary drive source for rotating the cutting tool, a pulse generator that generates a pulse train consisting of a 0-point pulse and an A-phase pulse, respectively, in accordance with the rotation of the cutting tool, and a target that meshes with the cutting tool. A second rotary drive source for rotating the grinding gear, and a detector that generates pulses according to the number of tooth tips passing as the gear rotates, the pulse generator being connected to a counter, and This counter is connected to a count memory circuit, while the output side of the detector is connected to the counter and the count memory circuit, respectively, and the counter is controlled by the pulses of the zero point pulse train generated by the pulse generator. Counting of the pulses of the phase pulse train is started, and counting of the pulses of the A-phase pulse train is stopped by pulses detected by the rotation of a reference gear mounted on the second rotational drive source, and the counted value information is stored in the count memory circuit. Then, by rotating a gear subsequently attached to the second rotational drive source, the A phase of the pulse generator is stored in the time interval between the zero point pulse of the pulse generator and the pulse generated from the detector. Count value information related to the number of pulses is introduced into the count memory circuit and compared with pulse count value information related to the stored reference gear, and phase synchronization control is performed for grinding the subsequent gear based on the comparison result. An automatic meshing device for a gear grinding machine, characterized in that it is configured to perform automatic meshing.