JP2003129642A - Exterior material of building, and facing method of building using exterior material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress exterior work cost by allowing horizontal bonding and vertical bonding with exterior material of the same shape for a lattice body fixed to a building frame. SOLUTION: This exterior material is mounted to a surface of the building frame via the lattice body formed of vertical reinforcements and horizontal reinforcements. The exterior material is constituted by incombustible material having a square shape in the front view. The back surface of the exterior material is provided with a locking part capable of locking the exterior material to the horizontal reinforcements with the exterior material set horizontally or vertically.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an exterior material for a structure such as a building or an outdoor structure and a method for exteriorizing a structure using the exterior material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Usually, the outer surface of a building is covered with an exterior material. In addition to painting the skeleton (wall), exterior materials such as stone boards, tile boards, concrete boards and concrete blocks are attached to the exterior. I have something to wear. Although the cost is high, the exterior made of these exterior materials has a high effect of surface installation, and is therefore incorporated in a house, an apartment house, a building or the like that requires aesthetic height. By the way, in order to attach these exterior materials, a wet method in which mortar or the like is applied to the surface of the skeleton and the exterior material is directly attached to this, and a base material (lattice body) that can lock or fit the exterior material Attach to the body surface,
There is a dry method in which an exterior material is locked to this lattice (for example, JP-A-6-1013215 and JP-A-8-086035).

[0003]

Although the wet construction method is low in direct construction cost, considerable skill is required to accurately adhere the exterior material to the entire surface of the body. Also, since the adhesive force of mortar is slow-acting and not so strong, it may be peeled off by wind or rain even after sticking. On the other hand, in the dry method, since the lattice body is manufactured with a certain degree of accuracy, it is sufficient to lock the lattice body at a predetermined position, and it does not require so much skill in the work. However, if the exterior material is only locked to the lattice, it may come off due to an earthquake or wind. Therefore, in the above-mentioned dry method, the space where the lattice is present is filled with mortar or concrete.

The exterior material used in the above-mentioned dry method is generally rectangular and may be attached in a horizontally long or vertically long shape. Therefore, the structure for locking to the lattice must be adapted accordingly, so that the horizontally long and vertically long ones must be manufactured separately. In addition, the grid itself must be prepared for horizontal orientation and vertical orientation.
Furthermore, since there are various sizes, as a result, many product types must be prepared, which is a heavy burden on the manufacturing side. Furthermore, when these exterior materials are pasted, there is a pasting method that allows joints to pass through the top and bottom, and a so-called pasting method that does not pass through the joints. It is a more difficult problem to construct the locking portion. For this reason, the structure of the locking part must be different depending on how it is attached,
Also in this respect, diversification of products is inevitable.

The present invention solves such a problem in the dry method, and when attaching the exterior material to the lattice, even if it is one type of exterior material and is horizontal,
Not only can it be locked even in the vertical position, but it can be used for both pasting and horse riding. Further, by providing an adhesive portion on the exterior material and using the adhesive in addition to the locking, the fixing strength is secured. Further, in the exterior method using this exterior material, the space in which the lattice body exists is left as it is, so that the ventilation layer is secured and the construction cost is reduced.

[0006]

Under the above problems, the present invention provides an exterior material, which is attached to the surface of a building body according to claim 1 through a lattice consisting of vertical stripes and horizontal stripes, The exterior material is composed of a non-combustible material having a rectangular shape when viewed from the front, and a locking portion is formed on the back surface so that the exterior material can be laterally or vertically oriented and can be locked to a horizontal streak. The exterior material is provided. According to such an exterior material, the exterior material can be locked laterally or vertically with respect to the lattice body, so that only one type of exterior material is required, and the product type can be suppressed and the cost can be reduced.

In this case, according to claim 2,
If the exterior material can be applied to both through-sealing and horse-riding, the usability will be further enhanced and the cost will be further reduced. As a specific configuration of the locking portion, according to the third aspect of the present invention, in which the protruding portion is formed on the back surface and the engaging portion is formed on the protruding portion, Easy to configure. In addition, when the back surface is formed with an adhesive portion that can be adhered to the front surface of the body with an adhesive, either locking or adhesion can be selected, and there is room for selection of an attachment method. If both are widened, the fixing becomes even stronger if both are adopted.

Further, the present invention is a method for exteriorizing a building using the above-mentioned exterior material according to claim 5, wherein the exterior method fixes a lattice body to a frame and applies the exterior material to the lattice body. Provided is an exterior packaging method of a building using an exterior material, which is characterized in that it is attached in combination with locking at a stop or adhesion by an adhesive, and that the space where the lattice body exists is left as a space. Since this is a dry method in which the exterior material is locked to the lattice, skill is not required for the work, and the existing space of the lattice is left as a space, and mortar or concrete is filled. Material costs and construction costs are significantly reduced compared to. And this space plays the role of the ventilation layer which escapes the moisture which entered into this upward.

On the other hand, since the exterior material is firmly attached to the lattice body fixed to the body, the lattice body and the exterior material are integrated to strengthen the body, and against earthquakes and the like. It will increase the wall strength. Furthermore, the structure of the building covered with this exterior material may be concrete, block, or wooden, but when applied to a wooden structure, the exterior material is non-combustible such as concrete block, concrete, stone plate, or tile. It acts as a firewall because it is made up of objects.

Further, the present invention provides a means for inserting a heat insulating material between the surface of the frame and the lattice in the above-mentioned exterior method. According to this, the outer heat insulating structure that prevents the heat bridge and prevents the dew condensation can be installed at the same time as the exterior with the exterior material. In addition, since the heat insulating material also works as a waterproof material that suppresses the entry of water, even if rainwater or the like enters the heat insulating material, it does not reach the body. In particular, when the skeleton is constructed with a concrete block structure, the water that permeates into the skeleton reaches the inner wall surface, and this has a great effect.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an exterior material of a building showing an example of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are rear views of the exterior material attached to the outer wall of the building. Lattice body 2 on the surface of the structure 1 of the building constructed by
The exterior material 3 is attached via the. this house,
The lattice body 2 is formed by assembling a vertical bar 2a and a horizontal bar 2b, which are made of a rust-proof bar having an appropriate thickness, into a grid by welding or the like.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the vertical streak 2a and the horizontal streak 2b. The vertical streak 2a may have a circular cross section.
The horizontal stripes 2b that lock the exterior material 3 may have various cross sections such as a circle, a triangle, and a quadrangle. Of these, the circular ones can reduce the price, and the triangular and quadrangular ones have a strong locking force. Vertical stripe 2a,
The distance between the horizontal streaks 2b is fixed in relation to the exterior material 3, and the size thereof is also standardized, but at least the exterior material 3 can be locked by a predetermined number as one unit. . In addition, in the lattice body 2 of this example, the vertical stripes 2a are provided in the frame 1
Side, the horizontal stripe 2b is arranged on the exterior material 3 side.

The above-mentioned lattice body 2 is fixed to the body 1 by the fixture 4. The attachment 4 may be of any type, for example, a semi-cylindrical body 4a in which the vertical stripe 2a is housed may be vertically formed in the center of the plate body. Then, it is conceivable that the half-cylindrical body 4a holds the vertical streaks 2a and both sides thereof are fixed to the body 1 by fixing screws or pins (hereinafter referred to as fixing screws) 5. At this time, if the semi-cylindrical body 4a is applied to the lower side of the horizontal streaks 2b, the lattice body 2 can be prevented from sliding down. Needless to say, these attachments 4 are provided in the number and arrangement that can hold the exterior material 3. By the way, various kinds of fixtures 4 and fixing screws 5 are currently on the market, and appropriate ones may be selected from them.

The exterior material 3 is locked to the lateral stripes 2b of the lattice 2 and is fixed thereto, and has a rectangular shape or a square shape. The exterior material 3 of this example has a rectangular shape, and has a rectangular parallelepiped main body portion 3a and a back surface when it is made horizontally long, and cutout portions (grooves) 3b are provided at both ends, the center, and the center of the top and bottom to provide vertical and horizontal directions. Two rectangular parallelepiped protrusions 3c are provided in an island shape. Then, a locking portion 6 that can be locked to the horizontal streak 2b of the lattice 2 on the protruding portion 3c,
7 is formed.

The locking portions 6 and 7 may have various structures, but in the present example, the locking portions 6 and 7 are formed by grooves 6a and 7a, respectively, which are in contact with the main body portion 3a and are formed on the side surfaces of the protruding portion 3c. The groove 6a formed on the lower surface of the projecting portion 3c when the exterior material 3 is horizontally long is the locking portion 6 for horizontal attachment, and the groove 7a formed on the lower surface of the projecting portion 3c is vertically long when it is vertically long. It becomes the locking portion 7 for sticking. In addition, in this example, the protrusion 3
The top surface of c is a flat surface, and this is used as an adhesive portion 8 that is adhered to the body 1 with an adhesive. Since the adhesive portion 8 needs to contact the surface of the skeleton 1 with the lattice body 2 interposed therebetween, the protrusion amount of the protruding portion 3c is set equal to the thickness of the lattice body 2 including the vertical streaks 2a and the horizontal streaks 2b. is there.

By the way, the above-mentioned exterior material 3 is made of various materials. Above all, since concrete blocks and concrete pieces are generally made by molding,
It can be manufactured even if it has a slightly complicated shape. In particular, according to the concrete block that can be continuously produced by vertically and horizontally inserting and removing molds, two main body parts 3a are formed back to back and the middle part is split, so that the surface has a high splitting effect. Can be manufactured at the same time, and the manufacturing cost is low.

The exterior material 3 has a rectangular shape, but may have a square shape. In this case, the protrusions 3c may have the same arrangement and shape. In addition, the locking portions 6 and 7 are the protruding portions 3 that are protruded on the back surface of the main body portion 3a.
Although it is formed in c, a groove or the like may be formed on the back surface (not shown) and used as the locking portions 6 and 7. In this case, the vertical stripe 2a
Although a relief groove or the like is required for passing through, it is not necessary to form the protrusion 3c. The adhesive portion 8 of this example is the entire back surface except the groove.

FIG. 2 shows an example in which the exterior material 3 is laterally pasted with the horseshoe pasting on the upper side and the eyelet pasting on the lower side. The sticking locking portion 6 is locked to the horizontal streak 2b. In the example having the above-mentioned protruding portion 3c, the locking portion 6 is formed in upper and lower two stages, but if all the locking portions 6 are used,
Since the pitch of the horizontal stripes 2b of the lattice member 2 which is the locked member becomes short and becomes expensive, only the upper locking portion 6 may be used and the lower locking portion 6 may not be used. (Of course, both may be used). Instead, the adhesive portion 8 that is the top surface of only the upper portion or the upper and lower protruding portions 3c is attached to the body 1 by an adhesive agent such as acrylic resin, and the locking and the adhesive are used together.

In this case, it is preferable that the outer packaging material 3 be appropriately spaced, and if mortar or the like is filled in this space to form joints, rainwater will not enter. On the other hand, when the exterior material 3 is attached as described above, the space in which the grid 2 is present becomes a space, but in the present invention, this space is not filled with mortar or the like and is left as a space. Since the filling of mortar and the like can be omitted, both the material cost and the construction cost can be reduced, and this space serves as a ventilation layer for releasing the water vapor that has entered into this space. It should be noted that rainwater and the like that have entered this space do not enter the body 1 because they travel down the vertical members 2a and fall downward.

FIG. 3 shows an example of vertical attachment, in which the left side is a through-paste type and the right side is a horse-riding type. In this case, the arrangement and locking of the exterior material 3 are the same as above. Is the same. However, since the vertical interval between the locking portions 7 becomes long, it is preferable that both the upper and lower locking portions 7 are locked to the horizontal streak 2b from the viewpoint of the fixing force. However, also in this case, the fixing force is strengthened by the use of the adhesive in the same manner as described above.

FIG. 5 shows an example of the exterior material 3,
The outer shape is set to 290 mm in width and 90 mm in height, and the protruding portion 3c
Are arranged as shown in the figure. The exterior material 3 is secured to the joints of 10 mm vertically and horizontally and the vertical stripes 2a and the horizontal stripes 2 are formed.
2 will be described with reference to the lateral attachment shown in FIG. 2 in the case where both are locked to the locking body 2 of a round bar having a diameter of 5 to 6 mm. First, in the case of pasting through the eyes, the horizontal sticking portion 6 for the horizontal pasting is provided above the horizontal streak 2b.
(The lower locking portions 6 are not used because the distance between the locking portions 6 is short), and the lower or upper and lower adhesive portions 8 are adhered to the body 1 with an adhesive to form the body 1. Expand up, down, left and right. According to this, the interval between the horizontal streaks 2b may be 100 mm pitch, which is the interval between the protrusions 3c.

On the other hand, the vertical stripes 2a are preferably equally spaced from each other in manufacturing. For example, if the vertical stripes 2a have a pitch of 150 mm so as to pass through the center of the missing portion 3b and the centers of joints on both sides, the protruding portions 3c are formed. Can be evenly spaced without interfering with.
Next, when the horseshoe pasting is performed by shifting the exterior material 3 by half to the side, the vertical position of the locking portion 6 does not change, so that the vertical position is the same as that of the lateral streak 2b, and the top and bottom edges of the eyelet pasting are the same. Get together. Further, the positions of the left and right protrusions 3c at this time are aligned with those of the upper and lower through-holes to be aligned, so that the vertical streaks 2a pass through the center of the missing portion 3b and the center of the joint as in the case of through-and-sticking. In fact, it does not interfere with the protrusion 3c. From this, it is possible to use the same grid 2 to perform eye-pasting or horse-pasting.

On the other hand, in the case of the vertical attachment shown in FIG. 3, at this time, the vertical attaching locking portion 7 is used, but the vertical spacing of the locking portion 7 is long. Therefore, the upper and lower engaging portions 7 are all used (adhesion by the adhering portion 8 is sometimes used together is the same as above). Therefore, if the distance between the horizontal streaks 2b is set to 150 mm, a joint of 10 mm can be secured between them and the stitching can be performed. On the other hand, the vertical stripes 2a may be appropriately set.
If it is made to pass through the center of, a 100 mm pitch will be sufficient.

[0024] In addition, there is also horse-stamping in the case of vertical sticking,
In this case, since the method of shifting by half in the vertical direction is used, in this case also, the vertical position of the through-sticking and the protruding portion 3c are aligned, and the horizontal streaks 2b may have a pitch of 150 mm. Further, since the place where the vertical stripe 2a passes does not change, it is possible to use the one having a pitch of 100 mm. From this, if one grid body 2 with a pitch of 100 mm in the vertical direction and a pitch of 150 mm in the horizontal direction is prepared, it can be laterally pasted if it is used vertically, and can be vertically pasted if it is turned 90 ° and used horizontally. Therefore, one kind of grid 2 is sufficient.

By the way, in the actual construction using the exterior material 2, for example, when horizontally sticking the entire surface of the wall, when putting vertical sticking horizontally in a strip shape as an accent at the boundary portion of the hierarchy, and in openings such as windows. It is common to mix a part of the vertical paste into the horizontal paste, such as when the horizontal pasting space becomes halfway around the area. Being able to use reduces material costs and man-hours. In particular, when the wall surface has a curved surface, if the exterior material 3 is laterally pasted, the corners are not raised and a smooth curved surface is not formed, but this can be solved by vertically laminating the lateral dimension. At this time, being able to use the same lattice 2 and exterior material 3 has a great merit in reducing the construction cost.
It should be noted that the dimensions and the shape of the exterior material 3 described above are merely examples, and it goes without saying that there are various other shapes, and accordingly, the lattice body 2 may have various shapes.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the case where the exterior of the exterior material 3 described above is applied to a wooden house. The wall structure of the wooden house is generally a waterproof sheet 10 made of thin polyethylene or the like on the outer surface of the pillar 9. In addition, it is held down by the furring strip 11, and an inorganic exterior plate 12 is attached to the outside thereof. Then, the above-mentioned lattice body 2 is pressed on the outer surface of the exterior plate 12 by the fixture 4, and the fixing screw 5 is driven into the furring strip 11 or the pillar 9 to be fixed. Then, the exterior plate 3 may be attached as described above. At this time, the joint material 13 is filled in the joint to prevent rain leakage and the like, as described above. It should be noted that when the exterior material 3 is piled up, it becomes a considerable weight. Therefore, a foundation or a support material 15 for receiving the pillar 9 is provided outside the foundation 14 for receiving the pillar 9 to support the weight.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view in the case of being applied to a concrete structure or a concrete block structure. In this case, the lattice body 2 is directly attached to the surface of the skeleton 1 and the exterior material 3 is locked and adhered thereto ( Providing the weight support 15 is the same as the above). At this time, if the skeleton 1 seems to be hard, the fixing screw 5 for fixing the fixture 4 is to be pre-drilled and screwed into this. There are various types of these fixing screws 5, and for example, there is also one in which a mandrel is inserted into a fixing pin to bulge the tip to make it difficult to pull out.
These may be selected appropriately.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of another example, but in this example, a heat insulating material 16 is inserted between the frame 1 and the lattice 2. As the heat insulating material 16, urethane foam or styrene foam having an appropriate thickness is suitable. In this case, the heat insulating material 16 may be separately fixed to the body 1 or may be fixed to the body 1 together with the lattice body 2 by using the fixing screw 5 described above. In this case, an inorganic board 17 is provided on the outer side of the heat insulating material 16 (on the side of the lattice 2) to prevent the heat insulating material 16 from bulging and serve as a member to be bonded when the exterior material 3 is bonded. According to this, it is possible to construct the outer heat insulating structure which can prevent dew condensation and is low in heating and cooling costs at the same time as the exterior work. Although illustration is omitted, at this time, a waterproof sheet may be attached to the surface of the body. Even if rainwater or the like penetrates into the heat insulating material, it is blocked by this and prevented from entering the body. It has significance when applied to block construction where water permeation cannot be avoided.

[0029]

As described above, the exterior material according to the present invention has the same shape and can be laterally or vertically adhered, and can be pasted or stitched, so that it is highly versatile. It is possible to reduce the cost.
At this time, since the same lattice body is sufficient, the cost is reduced in this respect as well. Also, if the exterior material of the building is exteriorized using this exterior material, no skill is required for the work because it is a dry method, and by leaving the existing space of the lattice body as a space, the mortar is filled. It is possible to reduce the material cost and the construction cost by omitting the above, and to use this space as a ventilation layer for letting water escape.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an exterior material showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a skeleton covered with an exterior material showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a body covered with an exterior material showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a lattice body showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a back view showing the dimensions of an exterior material showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a wooden skeleton covered with an exterior material showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a concrete structure and a concrete block structure covered with an exterior material showing an example of the present invention.

[Fig. 8] Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a concrete structure and a concrete block structure covered with an exterior material showing another example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 body 2 lattice 2a 〃 vertical streaks 2b 〃 horizontal line 3 Exterior materials Main body of 3a Missing part of 3b 〃 3c 〃 protrusion 4 fittings 5 fixing screws 6 Locking part 7 Locking part 8 Adhesive part 16 Insulation

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An exterior material that is attached to the surface of a structure of a building through a lattice consisting of vertical and horizontal stripes, and the exterior material is composed of a non-combustible material having a rectangular shape when viewed from the front.
An exterior material for a building, characterized in that a locking portion is formed on the back surface so that the exterior material can be laterally or longitudinally locked to a horizontal streak. 2. The exterior material for a building according to claim 1, wherein the exterior material can be applied to both pasting and horse riding. 3. The exterior material for a building according to claim 1, wherein a projecting portion is formed on the back surface, and a locking portion is formed on the projecting portion. 4. The exterior material for a building according to claim 1, wherein an adhesive portion that can be adhered to the front surface of the body by an adhesive is formed on the back surface. 5. A method for exteriorizing a building using the exterior material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the exterior body is fixed to the frame and the exterior body is locked to the grid with a locking portion. Alternatively, a building exterior method using an exterior material, which is characterized in that the space for existing the lattice body is left as space while being attached in combination with the adhesion by the adhesive portion. 6. The method for exteriorizing a building using the exterior material according to claim 5, wherein a heat insulating material is inserted between the surface of the frame and the lattice.