JP2003125611A - Fertilizing and sowing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the variation of a spring force caused by the displacement of a grounding part to cause the difficulty in the uniform control of the furrow depth on a field in a conventional fertilizing and sowing machine provided with a connection part to connect the machine to a traveling vehicle and a grounding part to move the machine in a manner following the undulation of the field surface, rotatably connecting both parts with a parallel link and placing a spring between the parts to enable the opening of a furrow by the following motion of the furrow-opening disk to the undulation of the field surface independent of the change of the posture of the traveling vehicle and the undulation of the field surface. SOLUTION: The fertilizing and sowing machine 1 is composed of a connection part 2 and a grounding part 3. The connection part 2 is connected to the grounding part 3 through parallel links 15, 16, the grounding part 3 is pressed against the field surface by rotatably pivoting both ends of a compression spring 24 to the connection part 2 and the grounding part 3 and the supporting axis 26 of the connection part of the compression spring 24 is positioned above the supporting axis 25 of the connection part and behind the grounding side axis relative to the moving direction of the machine 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fertilizer applicator, a seeder, etc. mounted on a rear portion of a traveling vehicle such as a tractor.
Form a ditch in the field with a ditching disc, sow or fertilize the ditch, cover the seed or fertilizer with a soil-covering disc, and press down the ditching device of the sowing machine or fertilizer application to squeeze the field with a pressure roller. The present invention relates to a technique of urging a substantially uniform pressure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a hopper mounted on the rear part of a tractor, having a hopper for storing seeds, fertilizers, etc., and a mechanism for feeding these out, forms a groove in a field with a grooving disk, and sows the groove. The technique of a fertilizer-seeding machine having a structure in which the seeds are covered with a covering disk and the field is suppressed with a suppressing roller is known.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the conventional fertilizer sowing machine, the fertilizer sowing machine forms a groove so as to follow the field scene regardless of the change in the posture of the tractor and the unevenness of the field, and the fertilizer sowing machine is used. Part to be connected to (hereinafter "connecting part")
And a part to be followed in the field (hereinafter referred to as “grounding part”), and both are rotatably connected by parallel links, and a spring is interposed between the two to form a grounding part. It was pushing downwards. For example, it is the technique of Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-49858. In this conventional technique, the diagonal pivotal support portions of the parallel links are connected by tension springs, so the length of the springs is determined. It was difficult to adjust the spring force, and there was the problem that the swinging range was narrow because the parallel links hit each other. Further, in order to follow the field scene, it is desirable to urge downward with substantially the same urging force at the time of ascending and at the time of descending, but it became stronger as it went upward. In view of such a situation, the present invention is a fertilizer sowing machine that is lightweight and allows a groove groove disk to follow the field with a constant pressing force regardless of the field situation, and that the optimum pressing force for the field situation can be easily selected. Is provided.

[0004]

The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above, and the means for solving this problem will be described below.

That is, in the present invention, the fertilizer sowing machine is composed of a connecting portion connected to and fixed to the traveling vehicle, and a grounding portion connected to the connecting portion so as to be movable up and down through a connecting mechanism. The connecting mechanism is composed of a parallel link connecting the front part of the connecting part and the front part of the grounding part, and a biasing mechanism connecting the midway part of the grounding part and the rear part of the connecting part, and the biasing mechanism is a supporting rod. A compression spring is externally fitted to, and the lower end of the support rod is pivotally supported by a fulcrum shaft at the rear of the parallel link and in the middle part of the grounding part, and the upper part of the support rod is connected to the connection part on the vertical line of the fulcrum shaft. It was linked.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a mechanism capable of adjusting the position of the pivotal fulcrum on the connection side of the compression spring in the traveling direction of the fertilizer application machine.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, a fertilizer-seeding machine according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. However, it can also be applied to fertilizer applicators and chemical sprayers. 1 is a side view of a fertilizer applicator of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of a fertilizer applicator when parallel links are in a horizontal position with respect to the ground, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a side view of the fertilizer-seeding machine when it is in use, and FIG.

The entire structure of the fertilizer-seeding machine 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the following description, the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1, which is the traveling direction of the tractor, is defined as the front. In the fertilizer-seeding machine 1, a mounting frame 35 provided in the upper front part is attached to a toolbar provided in the rear part of a traveling vehicle such as a tractor, and the position can be adjusted left and right. The seeding frame 36 is fixed to the rear of the mounting frame 35, and the seeding frame 3
The feeding device 6 for fertilizer is fixed to the rear portion of the feeding device 6, the feeding device 7 for seeds is fixed to the rear portion of the feeding device 6, and the hoppers 4 and 5 can be attached to and detached from the upper portion of the feeding device 6 and 7, respectively. It is provided. A guide funnel 8 is disposed below the feeding device 6, and a guide pipe 10 communicates with the lower end of the guide funnel 8. The guide pipe 10 is curved toward the front and front of the side surface in FIG. 1, and the lower end thereof is located substantially on the front side surface side of the rotating shaft of the grooving disk 19. On the other hand, a guide funnel 9 is disposed below the feeding device 7, and a conduit 12 is connected to the lower end of the guide funnel 9. The lower end of the conduit 12 is inserted into the guide pipe 11. Guide pipe 11
Is fixed to the roller frame 17, and the lower end of the guide pipe 11 is inserted between the grooving disks 19 and 19 (hereinafter, the seeding frame 36, the hoppers 4 and 5, the feeding device 6).
・ 7, guide funnel 8.9, guide pipe 10, conduit 1
The part that is connected and fixed to the rear part of the 2nd class tractor is collectively referred to as "connecting part 2").

A support frame 13 is vertically provided below the front surface of the mounting frame 35, and parallel links 15 and 16 are rotatably supported at a lower portion of the support frame 13, and a lower end of the guide pipe 10 is provided at a lower end thereof. Support rod 3 for fixing
7 is fixed. The other ends of the parallel links 15 and 16 extend rearward and are rotatably supported on the front portion of the roller frame 17. A supporting rod 18 is fixed to the front end of the roller frame 17, and a groove disk 19 is rotatably supported in a V-shape in plan view at the lower end. Then, a soil cover disk 21 is attached to the rear portion of the groove groove disk 19 at the lower end of the arm 20 projecting obliquely downward from the roller frame 17, and the front end of the roller arm 22 is freely rotatable in the middle of the front and rear of the roller frame 17. The roller arm 22 is mounted on the rear portion of the roller arm 22 with a compression roller 23 (grooving disc 19, soil cover disc 21,
The portion that follows the unevenness of the field by the rotation of the parallel links 15 and 16 such as the compression roller 23 and the roller frame 17 is collectively referred to as "grounding portion 3").

A biasing arm 14 is provided so as to project rearward from the rear surface of the mounting frame 35, and a compression spring 24.3 serving as a biasing member is provided between the biasing arm 14 and the roller frame 17.
A support rod 39 on which 8 is fitted is interposed. A lower end of the support rod 39 is pivotally supported by a fulcrum shaft 25, and an upper portion thereof is slidably and rotatably supported by a fulcrum shaft 26. In this way, as described later, the ground contact portion 3 is pressed against the field with a substantially constant pressure, and is biased while following the unevenness of the field.

In such a construction, when the hopper 4 is filled with the granular fertilizer and the hopper 5 is filled with the seeds and the fertilizer sowing machine 1 is attached to the rear part of the tractor and the tractor is moved forward, the grooving disk 19 is used to move the field. A groove having a V-shaped cross section is formed on the feeding device 6 by a driving mechanism (not shown).
7, the fertilizer is dropped from the hopper 4 through the feeding device 6, the guide funnel 8, and the guide pipe 10 to a position apart from the groove formed in the field by a predetermined distance. On the other hand, seeds are dropped from the hopper 5 through the feeding device 7, the guide funnel 9, the conduit 12, and the guide pipe 11 into the groove, covered with the soil cover disk 21, and suppressed by the pressure roller 23.

Next, the mounting structure of the biasing mechanism of the grounding portion 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, first, the front ends of the parallel links 15 and 16 are fulcrum shafts 31.3 at the lower part of the support frame 13 provided in the connection part 2 in the vertical direction so that the grounding part 3 can move up and down substantially in parallel.
The fulcrum shafts 31 and 32 are pivotally supported by 2, and the axes of the fulcrum shafts 31 and 32 are set so as to be arranged on substantially the same vertical line when the grounding portion 3 is in the grounded state. Further, the rear ends of the parallel links 15 and 16 are pivotally supported on the roller frame 17 by fulcrum shafts 33 and 34, and the axes of the fulcrum shafts 33 and 34 are set to be arranged on substantially the same vertical line in the grounded state. To be done.

On the other hand, for urging the ground portion 3 downward,
The lower end of the support rod 39 is approximately centered in the front-rear direction of the roller frame 17, and is pivotally supported by the fulcrum shaft 25 at a position at a height behind the parallel links 15 and 16. Preferably, it is pivotally supported at the center of gravity of the ground contact portion 3. The upper part of the support rod 39 is pivotally supported by a fulcrum shaft 26 on the urging arm 14 rearward of the vertically upper part of the fulcrum shaft 25 with a predetermined distance.

Next, referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, a description will be given of changes in the pressing force applied to the grooving disk 19 when the grounding portion 3 rises with respect to the connecting portion 2 due to the convex portion in the field. In the fertilizer applicator, the fulcrum of the compression spring 24 for urging the roller frame 17 downward is the conventional fulcrum shaft 27, and the fulcrum shaft 27 is the fulcrum shaft 2 of the roller frame 17 side.
5 and the case in which the fulcrum shaft 26 on the side of the connecting portion 2 is arranged on the roller frame 1 as in the present invention.
Consider a case where the fulcrum shaft 25 is arranged above and behind the fulcrum shaft 25. In FIG. 2, the force applied to the fulcrum shaft 25 in the present invention is F1, the force applied to the fulcrum shaft 25 in the conventional example is F2, the spring constant of the compression spring 24 is the same in the conventional example and the present invention, and the urging force of the conventional example is It is assumed that F1 and F, which is the vertical component of the urging force F2 of the present invention, are adjusted to be equal (that is, the pressing force of the grooving disk 19 to the field).

At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, when the grounding portion 3 rises with respect to the connecting portion due to the convex portion in the field. That is, the amount of change (L2-L2 ') in the distance between the fulcrum shafts 25 and 27 of the compression spring 24 in the conventional example is the amount of change (L1-L2) in the distance between the fulcrum shafts 25 and 26 of the compression spring 24 in the present invention.
Larger than 1 '). The biasing force of the spring generally satisfies Hooke's law in the elastic deformation region, and the amount of compression (or extension) is proportional to the biasing force.
Increase in urging force (F2'-
F2) is the amount of increase in the urging force (F1'-F) in the present invention.
1) is larger than (1) (F2'-F2>F1'-F1).

Further, since the grounding portion 3 moves upward and forward with respect to the connecting portion 2 by the rotation of the parallel links 15 and 16 when rising, the angle between the axial direction of the support rod 39 of the spring 24 and the horizontal line. In the conventional example, since the fulcrum shaft 27 is located above and in front of the fulcrum shaft 25, there is no large change (θ2≈θ2 ′), whereas in the present invention, the fulcrum shaft 26 is located above the fulcrum shaft 25. In addition, the angle is rearward, and the angle formed greatly changes and becomes smaller as the grounding portion 3 rises (θ1> θ1 ′). The pressing force F of the grooving disk 19 against the field is represented by the formula F = (spring biasing force) × sin φ when the angle between the support rod 39 and the horizontal line is φ. While the value of the sin φ term in is almost unchanged (sin θ2 ≒ sin θ2 '),
The present invention shows that the value of the term of sin φ in the above equation becomes small (sin θ1> sin θ1 ′).

From the above results, comparing the conventional example with the present invention, the change amount of the biasing force of the grooving disk 19 to the field due to the rise of the grounding portion 3 is greatly increased in the conventional example, whereas the present invention is increased. Then, it hardly increases. That is, in the present invention, the pressing force of the pressing disk 19 hardly changes even when the ground contact portion 3 follows the farm field due to the unevenness of the farm field and the change of the posture of the traveling vehicle and is displaced with respect to the connection part 2. As a result, it becomes possible to form a groove with a substantially constant depth. The compression springs 24 and 38
Although the ground contact part 3 moves up and down with respect to the unevenness of the field, it also plays a role of buffering abrupt up and down movement, and at this time also, a substantially uniform pressing force is exerted, and at any height position, it is almost the same. It has the same buffering effect.

The biasing arm 14 can also be constructed as shown in FIG. Holes 29, 29 for extending the biasing arm 28 rearward and fixing the fulcrum shaft 26 of the compression spring 24
A large number of ... Are drilled so that the position of the fulcrum shaft 26 can be changed. With such a configuration, it is possible to select an optimal pressing force characteristic for the field condition by combining the spring constant of the compression spring 24 and the fulcrum shaft 26. In addition,
Other than that shown in FIG. 4, for example, the biasing arm is composed of two cylinders of different diameters that slide and expand / contract, and a means for locking at an arbitrary length is provided. It is possible to obtain the same effect. Therefore, the support point 26 is used as the fulcrum shaft 2
The method of implementation is not limited as long as it is above and behind 5

[0019]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above,
The following effects are achieved.

That is, as described in claim 1, the fertilizer application machine comprises a connecting portion for connecting / fixing to the traveling vehicle, and a grounding portion connected to the connecting portion so as to be able to move up and down through a connecting mechanism. The connecting mechanism comprises a parallel link connecting the front part of the connecting part and the front part of the grounding part, and a biasing mechanism connecting the midway part of the grounding part and the rear part of the connecting part. A compression spring is externally fitted to the support rod, and the lower end of the support rod is pivotally supported by a fulcrum shaft behind the parallel link and in the middle of the front and rear of the grounding part, and the upper part of the support rod is connected to the connection part on the vertical line of the fulcrum shaft. Concentrated. With such a configuration, the fertilizer sowing machine is configured to be lightweight, and even if the ground contact portion is displaced with respect to the connection portion due to a change in the posture of the tractor or unevenness in the field, a change in the pressing force of the grooving disk does not occur. It is small, and it becomes possible to control the depth of the groove to be constant.

As described in claim 2, since the position of the fulcrum shaft on the connection side of the compression spring can be adjusted in the advancing direction of the fertilizer sowing machine, it is possible to easily select the optimum pressing force for the field conditions. In addition, it was possible to easily adjust to the conditions such as the hardness of the field, the sowing depth, the type of seeds, fertilizers, etc.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a fertilizer sowing machine of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the fertilizer sowing machine when the parallel links are in a horizontal position with respect to the ground.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the fertilizer sowing machine when the ground contact portion is elevated with respect to the connection portion.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing an embodiment of claim 2;

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Fertilizer sowing machine 2 connection 3 Grounding part 4.5 Hopper 6.7 Feeding device 13 Support frame 14 biasing arm 15 ・ 16 Parallel link 17 roller frame 19 Grooved disc 21 soil cover disc 23 Packing roller 24 Compression spring 25 Grounding part side fulcrum shaft 26 Shaft of connection side 39 Support rod

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Kohei Shimamoto             6-5-12 Tsuchiyama, Himeji City, Hyogo Prefecture Agri             Inside Techno Yazaki Co., Ltd. F term (reference) 2B054 AA02 AA04 BA01 BB01 CA04                       CB02 CB03 CB07 DA05

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. Fertilization sowing, which is mounted on the rear part of a traveling vehicle, forms a groove in a field with a grooving disk, sows the groove, covers seeds with a soil-covering disk, and crushes the field with a pressure roller. In the machine, the fertilizer sowing machine is composed of a connecting portion connected to and fixed to a traveling vehicle, and a grounding portion connected to the connecting portion so as to be able to move up and down through a connecting mechanism. A parallel link connecting the front part of the grounding part to the front part of the grounding part, and a biasing mechanism connecting the midway part of the grounding part and the rear part of the connecting part, and the compression spring is externally fitted to the supporting rod. At the same time, the lower end of the support rod is pivotally supported by a fulcrum shaft at the rear of the parallel link and in the middle of the front and rear of the grounding part, and the upper part of the support rod is pivotally connected to a connection part on the vertical line of the fulcrum shaft. Sowing machine. 2. The fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, further comprising a mechanism capable of adjusting the position of the fulcrum shaft of the compression spring on the side of the connection portion in the traveling direction of the fertilizer applicator.