JP2003106838A - Surveying instrument, method for surveying and surveying program - Google Patents
Surveying instrument, method for surveying and surveying programInfo
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- JP2003106838A JP2003106838A JP2001302488A JP2001302488A JP2003106838A JP 2003106838 A JP2003106838 A JP 2003106838A JP 2001302488 A JP2001302488 A JP 2001302488A JP 2001302488 A JP2001302488 A JP 2001302488A JP 2003106838 A JP2003106838 A JP 2003106838A
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、測量光学系を測量
の対象に向けて測距および測角を行う測量機、測量方
法、および測量プログラムに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a surveying instrument, a surveying method, and a surveying program for performing a distance measurement and an angle measurement by directing a surveying optical system toward a surveying object.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】測量の対象として測定点を設け、測定点
までの距離および測定点の方向を示す角度を測定する測
量機が知られている。このような測量機による測定にお
いて、たとえば、電柱などの円柱形状の物体の中心点の
ように、測量光学系で直接観測できない点を測定したい
という要求がある。特開２０００−３２１０６０号公報
には、円柱形状の物体の中心点までの距離を測定する技
術が開示されている。この技術によれば、以下の手順に
より円柱形状の物体の中心点までの水平距離が求められ
る。円柱形状物体の幅方向中心の表面を測定点とし、
測量機から測定点までの水平距離を測距するとともに測
定点の位置を測角する。円柱形状物体の両側端のうち
いずれか一方の端点を測角する。上記およびの測
角値から円柱形状物体の幅方向の中心を通る線と上記端
点に接する接線とがなす水平角を求め、この水平角と上
記の測距値とにより円柱形状物体の半径を計算する。
求めた半径を上記の測距値に加える。2. Description of the Related Art A surveying instrument is known in which a measuring point is provided as an object of a survey and the distance to the measuring point and the angle indicating the direction of the measuring point are measured. In the measurement by such a surveying instrument, there is a demand to measure a point that cannot be directly observed by the surveying optical system, such as the center point of a cylindrical object such as a telephone pole. Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2000-32160 discloses a technique for measuring the distance to the center point of a cylindrical object. According to this technique, the horizontal distance to the center point of the cylindrical object is obtained by the following procedure. With the surface at the center of the width of the cylindrical object as the measurement point,
The horizontal distance from the surveying instrument to the measuring point is measured, and the position of the measuring point is also measured. One of the two ends of the cylindrical object is measured. The horizontal angle formed by the line passing through the center of the width direction of the cylindrical object and the tangent line tangent to the end point is calculated from the angle measurement values of and, and the radius of the cylindrical object is calculated from this horizontal angle and the distance measurement value. To do.
The obtained radius is added to the above distance measurement value.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述した技術では、測
量機を円柱形状物体の真の中心線に向けて測距測角しな
いと、円柱形状の物体の中心点までの距離を正しく求め
ることができない。実際の観測では、電柱などの中心線
を厳密に観測することは困難であるので、測定点が円柱
形状物体の真の中心線から外れることに起因して測定誤
差が生じる。In the above-mentioned technique, the distance to the center point of a cylindrical object can be accurately obtained unless the surveying instrument is used for distance measurement and angle measurement toward the true center line of the cylindrical object. Can not. In actual observation, it is difficult to strictly observe the center line of a utility pole or the like, so that a measurement error occurs due to the measurement point deviating from the true center line of the cylindrical object.
【０００４】本発明の目的は、円柱の中心など、直接観
測できない点の位置を正確に求めるようにした測量機、
測量方法、および測量プログラムを提供することにあ
る。An object of the present invention is to provide a surveying instrument that accurately obtains the position of a point that cannot be directly observed, such as the center of a cylinder.
It is to provide a surveying method and a surveying program.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】請求項１に記載の発明に
よる測量機は、測量の対象である円柱の側面上の測定点
を観測する測量光学系と、測量光学系により測定点を観
測し、測定点と所定点とがなす角度を検出する測角装置
と、測定点までの距離を検出する測距装置と、(1)円柱
の側面の両側端を除く第１の測定点が測量光学系によっ
て観測されている状態で、第１の測定点と所定点とがな
す第１の角度を検出するように測角装置を制御するとと
もに第１の測定点までの第１の距離を検出するように測
距装置を制御し、(2)両側端のうちの一方の第２の測定
点が測量光学系によって観測されている状態で、第２の
測定点と所定点とがなす第２の角度を検出するように測
角装置を制御し、(3)両側端のうちの他方の第３の測定
点が測量光学系によって観測されている状態で、第３の
測定点と所定点とがなす第３の角度を検出するように測
角装置を制御する制御回路と、第１の距離および第１の
角度と、第２の角度と、第３の角度とに基づいて、円柱
の中心点の位置を演算する演算回路とを備えることによ
り、上述した目的を達成する。請求項２に記載の発明に
よる測量機は、測量の対象である円柱の側面上の測定点
を観測する測量光学系と、測量光学系により測定点を観
測し、測定点と所定点とがなす角度を検出する測角装置
と、測定点までの距離を検出する測距装置と、(1)円柱
の側面の両側端を除く第１の測定点が測量光学系によっ
て観測されている状態で、第１の測定点と所定点とがな
す第１の角度を検出するように測角装置を制御するとと
もに第１の測定点までの第１の距離を検出するように測
距装置を制御し、(2)両側端および第１の測定点を除く
第２の測定点が測量光学系によって観測されている状態
で、第２の測定点と所定点とがなす第２の角度を検出す
るように測角装置を制御するとともに第２の測定点まで
の第２の距離を検出するように測距装置を制御し、(3)
両側端と第１の測定点および第２の測定点を除く第３の
測定点が測量光学系によって観測されている状態で、第
３の測定点と所定点とがなす第３の角度を検出するよう
に測角装置を制御するとともに第３の測定点までの第３
の距離を検出するように測距装置を制御する制御回路
と、第１の距離および第１の角度と、第２の距離および
第２の角度と、第３の距離および第３の角度とに基づい
て、円柱の中心点の位置を演算する演算回路とを備える
ことにより、上述した目的を達成する。請求項３に記載
の発明による測量機は、測量の対象である測定点を観測
する測量光学系と、測量光学系により測定点を観測し、
測定点と所定点とがなす角度を検出する測角装置と、測
定点までの距離を検出する測距装置と、(1)直接観測す
ることができないか又は観測しない目標点を通る直線上
の第１の測定点が測量光学系によって観測されている状
態で、第１の測定点と所定点とがなす第１の角度を検出
するように測角装置を制御するとともに第１の測定点ま
での第１の距離を検出するように測距装置を制御し、
(2)直線上の第１の測定点とは異なる第２の測定点が測
量光学系によって観測されている状態で、第２の測定点
と所定点とがなす第２の角度を検出するように測角装置
を制御するとともに第２の測定点までの第２の距離を検
出するように測距装置を制御し、(3)目標点を通る鉛直
面上あるいは水平面上のいずれか一方に位置する第３の
測定点が測量光学系によって観測されている状態で、第
３の測定点と所定点とがなす第３の角度を検出するよう
に測角装置を制御する制御回路と、第１の距離および第
１の角度と、第２の距離および第２の角度と、第３の角
度とに基づいて、目標点の位置を演算する演算回路とを
備えることにより、上述した目的を達成する。請求項４
に記載の発明による測量方法は、(1)円柱の側面の両側
端を除く第１の測定点と所定点とがなす第１の角度を検
出し、(2)第１の測定点までの第１の距離を検出し、(3)
両側端のうちの一方の第２の測定点と所定点とがなす第
２の角度を検出し、(4)両側端のうちの他方の第３の測
定点と所定点とがなす第３の角度を検出し、第１の距離
および第１の角度と、第２の角度と、第３の角度とに基
づいて、円柱の中心点の位置を演算することにより、上
述した目的を達成する。請求項５に記載の発明による測
量方法は、(1)円柱の側面の両側端を除く第１の測定点
と所定点とがなす第１の角度を検出し、(2)第１の測定
点までの第１の距離を検出し、(3)円柱の側面のうち両
側端および第１の測定点を除く第２の測定点と所定点と
がなす第２の角度を検出し、(4)第２の測定点までの第
２の距離を検出し、(5)円柱の側面のうち両側端と第１
の測定点および第２の測定点を除く第３の測定点と所定
点とがなす第３の角度を検出し、(6)第３の測定点まで
の第３の距離を検出し、第１の距離および第１の角度
と、第２の距離および第２の角度と、第３の距離および
第３の角度とに基づいて、円柱の中心点の位置を演算す
ることにより、上述した目的を達成する。請求項６に記
載の発明による測量方法は、(1)直接観測することがで
きないか又は観測しない目標点を通る直線上の第１の測
定点と所定点とがなす第１の角度を検出し、(2)第１の
測定点までの第１の距離を検出し、(3)直線上の第１の
測定点とは異なる第２の測定点と所定点とがなす第２の
角度を検出し、(4)第２の測定点までの第２の距離を検
出し、(5)目標点を通る鉛直面上あるいは水平面上のい
ずれか一方に位置する第３の測定点と所定点とがなす第
３の角度を検出し、第１の距離および第１の角度と、第
２の距離および第２の角度と、第３の角度とに基づい
て、目標点の位置を演算することにより、上述した目的
を達成する。請求項７に記載の発明は、測量機で、観測
された角度および距離に基づいて円柱の中心点の位置を
演算するプログラムに適用され、(1)円柱の側面の両側
端を除く第１の測定点と所定点とがなす第１の角度と、
(2)第１の測定点までの第１の距離と、(3)両側端のうち
の一方の第２の測定点と所定点とがなす第２の角度と、
(4)両側端のうちの他方の第３の測定点と所定点とがな
す第３の角度とから、円柱の中心点の位置を演算する処
理を実行することにより、上述した目的を達成する。請
求項８に記載の発明は、測量機で、観測された角度およ
び距離に基づいて円柱の中心点の位置を演算するプログ
ラムに適用され、(1)円柱の側面の両側端を除く第１の
測定点と所定点とがなす第１の角度と、(2)第１の測定
点までの第１の距離と、(3)円柱の側面のうち両側端お
よび第１の測定点を除く第２の測定点と所定点とがなす
第２の角度と、(4)第２の測定点までの第２の距離と、
(5)円柱の側面のうち両側端と第１の測定点および第２
の測定点を除く第３の測定点と所定点とがなす第３の角
度と、(6)第３の測定点までの第３の距離とから、円柱
の中心点の位置を演算する処理を実行することにより、
上述した目的を達成する。請求項９に記載の発明は、測
量機で、直接観測することができないか又は観測しない
目標点の位置を演算するプログラムに適用され、(1)目
標点を通る直線上の第１の測定点と所定点とがなす第１
の角度と、(2)第１の測定点までの第１の距離と、(3)直
線上の第１の測定点とは異なる第２の測定点と所定点と
がなす第２の角度と、(4)第２の測定点までの第２の距
離と、(5)目標点を通る鉛直面上あるいは水平面上のい
ずれか一方に位置する第３の測定点と所定点とがなす第
３の角度とから、目標点の位置を演算する処理を実行す
ることにより、上述した目的を達成する。A surveying instrument according to a first aspect of the invention is a surveying optical system for observing a measurement point on a side surface of a cylinder to be surveyed, and a surveying optical system for observing the measurement point. , A distance measuring device for detecting the angle formed by the measuring point and a predetermined point, a distance measuring device for detecting the distance to the measuring point, and (1) the first measuring point excluding both side edges of the side surface of the cylinder The angle measuring device is controlled to detect the first angle formed by the first measurement point and the predetermined point while being observed by the system, and the first distance to the first measurement point is detected. The distance measuring device is controlled as described above, and (2) the second measurement point and the predetermined point form the second measurement point with one of the second measurement points being observed by the surveying optical system. The angle measuring device is controlled so as to detect the angle, and (3) the other third measuring point of both side ends is measured by the surveying optical system. A control circuit for controlling the angle measuring device so as to detect a third angle formed by the third measurement point and the predetermined point in the measured state; a first distance and a first angle; The above-described object is achieved by including an arithmetic circuit that arithmetically operates the position of the center point of the cylinder based on the angle and the third angle. A surveying instrument according to a second aspect of the present invention comprises a surveying optical system for observing a measuring point on a side surface of a cylinder to be surveyed, and a surveying point observed by the surveying optical system to form a measuring point and a predetermined point. With the angle measuring device that detects the angle, the distance measuring device that detects the distance to the measuring point, and (1) the first measuring point excluding both ends of the side surface of the cylinder is being observed by the surveying optical system, The angle measuring device is controlled to detect a first angle formed by the first measurement point and the predetermined point, and the distance measuring device is controlled to detect a first distance to the first measurement point. (2) The second angle formed by the second measurement point and the predetermined point is detected while the second measurement points except the both ends and the first measurement point are observed by the surveying optical system. The angle measuring device is controlled and the distance measuring device is controlled so as to detect the second distance to the second measurement point, and (3)
Detecting a third angle between the third measurement point and a predetermined point in a state where both side ends and the third measurement point except the first measurement point and the second measurement point are observed by the surveying optical system. The angle measuring device is controlled so that the third measuring point is reached.
A first distance and a first angle, a second distance and a second angle, a third distance and a third angle. Based on the above, an arithmetic circuit for calculating the position of the center point of the cylinder is provided to achieve the above-mentioned object. The surveying instrument according to the invention of claim 3 observes the measuring point by the surveying optical system and the surveying optical system which observes the measuring point which is the object of the surveying,
An angle-measuring device that detects the angle formed by the measurement point and the predetermined point, and a distance-measuring device that detects the distance to the measurement point, and (1) on a straight line passing through a target point that cannot be observed or cannot be directly observed. While the first measurement point is being observed by the surveying optical system, the angle measuring device is controlled so as to detect the first angle formed by the first measurement point and the predetermined point, and up to the first measurement point. Control the rangefinder to detect the first distance of
(2) To detect the second angle formed by the second measurement point and the predetermined point while the second measurement point different from the first measurement point on the straight line is observed by the surveying optical system. The angle measuring device and the distance measuring device to detect the second distance to the second measuring point, and (3) position on the vertical plane passing through the target point or on the horizontal plane. A control circuit for controlling the angle measuring device so as to detect a third angle between the third measurement point and the predetermined point while the third measurement point is observed by the surveying optical system; And the first angle, the second distance and the second angle, and the third angle, the arithmetic circuit for calculating the position of the target point is provided to achieve the above-mentioned object. . Claim 4
The surveying method according to the invention described in (1) detects the first angle formed by the first measurement point excluding both side edges of the side surface of the cylinder and the predetermined point, and (2) the first measurement point up to the first measurement point. Detect the distance of 1 and (3)
A second angle formed by one of the second measurement points on both ends and a predetermined point is detected, and (4) a third angle formed by the other third measurement point on both sides and the predetermined point. The above-described object is achieved by detecting the angle and calculating the position of the center point of the cylinder based on the first distance and the first angle, the second angle, and the third angle. In the surveying method according to the invention described in claim 5, (1) the first angle between the first measurement point excluding both side ends of the side surface of the cylinder and the predetermined point is detected, and (2) the first measurement point. (3) Detects a second angle between the second measurement point excluding the first measurement point and both side ends of the side surface of the cylinder, and (3) detects a second angle The second distance to the second measurement point is detected, and (5) both side edges of the side surface of the cylinder and the first
The third angle between the third measurement point excluding the measurement point and the second measurement point and the predetermined point is detected, and (6) the third distance to the third measurement point is detected, and the first To calculate the position of the center point of the cylinder based on the distance and the first angle, the second distance and the second angle, and the third distance and the third angle. To achieve. The surveying method according to the invention of claim 6 (1) detects a first angle formed by a first measurement point and a predetermined point on a straight line passing through a target point that cannot be directly observed or is not observed. , (2) Detect the first distance to the first measurement point, and (3) Detect the second angle formed by the second measurement point different from the first measurement point on the straight line and the predetermined point. Then, (4) the second distance to the second measurement point is detected, and (5) the third measurement point located on either the vertical plane passing through the target point or the horizontal plane and the predetermined point. By detecting the third angle to be formed and calculating the position of the target point based on the first distance and the first angle, the second distance and the second angle, and the third angle, The above-mentioned object is achieved. The invention according to claim 7 is applied to a program for calculating the position of the center point of a cylinder based on the observed angle and distance by a surveying instrument, and (1) the first side excluding both side ends of the side surface of the cylinder. A first angle formed by the measurement point and the predetermined point,
(2) a first distance to the first measurement point, and (3) a second angle between one of the second measurement points at both ends and a predetermined point,
(4) The above-described object is achieved by executing the processing of calculating the position of the center point of the cylinder from the third angle formed by the third point on the other side of both sides and the predetermined point. . The invention according to claim 8 is applied to a program for calculating the position of the center point of a cylinder based on the observed angle and distance by a surveying instrument, and (1) the first side excluding both side ends of the side surface of the cylinder. A first angle formed by the measurement point and the predetermined point, (2) a first distance to the first measurement point, and (3) a second side of the side surface of the cylinder excluding both side ends and the first measurement point. A second angle formed by the measurement point and the predetermined point, and (4) a second distance to the second measurement point,
(5) Outer ends of the side surface of the cylinder, the first measurement point, and the second
The process of calculating the position of the center point of the cylinder from the third angle formed by the third measurement point excluding the measurement point and the predetermined point and (6) the third distance to the third measurement point. By running
The above-mentioned object is achieved. The invention according to claim 9 is applied to a program for calculating the position of a target point that cannot be observed or is not directly observed by a surveying instrument, and (1) the first measurement point on a straight line passing through the target point. And the first point
Angle, (2) a first distance to the first measurement point, and (3) a second angle formed by the second measurement point different from the first measurement point on the straight line and the predetermined point. , (4) the second distance to the second measurement point, and (5) the third formed by the third measurement point located on either the vertical plane passing through the target point or the horizontal plane and the predetermined point. By executing the process of calculating the position of the target point from the angle of and, the above-mentioned object is achieved.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、図面を参照して本発明の実
施の形態を説明する。
（第一の実施の形態）図１は、本発明の第一の実施の形
態による測量機で円柱の表面の測定点Ｐを測定する様子
を説明する平面図であり、図２は図１の側面図である。
図１、図２において、測量機Ｔｓは、トータルステーシ
ョンと呼ばれる測距測角装置である。測量機本体１は三
脚２などの上に固定され、水平方向に回転自在の不図示
の回転支持部を有する。本体１は、この回転支持部によ
って三脚２上で水平線Ｈに平行な水平面内で回転可能に
支持される。本体１には、測量光学系を構成する望遠鏡
部３が備えられている。本体１は、鉛直方向に回転自在
の不図示の水平軸を有し、この水平軸によって望遠鏡部
３を鉛直線Ｖを含む鉛直面内で回転可能に支持する。つ
まり、望遠鏡部３は、水平方向および鉛直方向に回転自
在である。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. (First Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a plan view for explaining how a measuring point P on the surface of a cylinder is measured by a surveying instrument according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is a side view.
1 and 2, the surveying instrument Ts is a distance measuring and angle measuring device called a total station. The surveying instrument main body 1 is fixed on a tripod 2 or the like and has a rotation support portion (not shown) that is rotatable in the horizontal direction. The main body 1 is rotatably supported on the tripod 2 on the tripod 2 in a horizontal plane parallel to the horizontal line H. The main body 1 is provided with a telescope section 3 which constitutes a surveying optical system. The main body 1 has a horizontal shaft (not shown) that is rotatable in the vertical direction, and the horizontal shaft rotatably supports the telescope unit 3 within a vertical plane including the vertical line V. That is, the telescope unit 3 is rotatable in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
【０００７】測量機Ｔｓは、円柱Ｃの表面に設けられる
測定点Ｐに望遠鏡部３が向けられると、上記回転支持部
の回転角による水平角ＨＡを不図示の水平角検出部で検
出し、上記水平軸の回転角による高度角ＶＡを不図示の
高度角検出部で検出する。水平角ＨＡは、基準点Ｓに対
する測定点Ｐの方向を示す水平面内の角度であり、高度
角ＶＡは、水平面に対する測定点Ｐの方向を示す鉛直面
内の角度である。望遠鏡部３は、距離測定のための変調
光を射出可能に構成されている。測定点Ｐに向けて射出
された変調光は、測定点Ｐで散乱して望遠鏡部３へ進
む。測量機Ｔｓは、望遠鏡部３に入射される散乱光を後
述する測距装置に導く。測距装置は、射出光と入射光と
の間で変調信号の位相差を検出することにより、測定点
Ｐまでの斜距離ＳＤを求める。一般に、測量機Ｔｓに
は、測定点Ｐにコーナーキューブ（プリズム）を設けて
当該コーナーキューブで反射される変調光を受光するも
のと、測定点Ｐで生じる散乱光を受光するものとがあ
る。ここでは、コーナーキューブを用いずに距離測定を
行うノンプリズム方式の場合を例にあげて説明する。When the telescope unit 3 is directed to the measuring point P provided on the surface of the cylinder C, the surveying instrument Ts detects a horizontal angle HA due to the rotation angle of the rotation supporting unit by a horizontal angle detecting unit (not shown), The altitude angle VA based on the rotation angle of the horizontal axis is detected by an altitude angle detection unit (not shown). The horizontal angle HA is an angle within the horizontal plane that indicates the direction of the measurement point P with respect to the reference point S, and the altitude angle VA is an angle within the vertical plane that indicates the direction of the measurement point P with respect to the horizontal plane. The telescope unit 3 is configured to be able to emit modulated light for distance measurement. The modulated light emitted toward the measurement point P is scattered at the measurement point P and advances to the telescope unit 3. The surveying instrument Ts guides the scattered light incident on the telescope unit 3 to a distance measuring device described later. The distance measuring device obtains the oblique distance SD to the measurement point P by detecting the phase difference of the modulated signal between the emitted light and the incident light. In general, the surveying instrument Ts includes one in which a corner cube (prism) is provided at the measurement point P to receive the modulated light reflected by the corner cube, and one to receive the scattered light generated at the measurement point P. Here, a case of a non-prism method in which distance measurement is performed without using a corner cube will be described as an example.
【０００８】図３は、測量機Ｔｓのブロック図である。
図３において、ＣＰＵ１１は、測角装置１２、駆動装置
１３および測距装置１４を制御するとともに、測角装置
１２で検出された角度および測距装置１４で検出された
距離から測定点Ｐの位置座標などを算出する。測角装置
１２には、上記水平角検出部および高度角検出部が含ま
れる。駆動装置１３は、不図示の水平方向駆動モータを
駆動して上記回転支持部の回転角を変えるとともに、不
図示の垂直方向駆動モータを駆動して上記水平軸の回転
角を変えることにより、望遠鏡部３（図１）の向きを変
える。測距装置１４には、上述した変調信号の位相差を
検出する光波測距計が含まれる。操作部材１５は、操作
者により操作され、望遠鏡部３の向きを変えるための操
作信号や、測角および測距を行うための操作信号を発生
してＣＰＵ１１へ送る。FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the surveying instrument Ts.
In FIG. 3, the CPU 11 controls the angle measuring device 12, the driving device 13, and the distance measuring device 14, and also determines the position of the measurement point P from the angle detected by the angle measuring device 12 and the distance detected by the distance measuring device 14. Calculate coordinates. The angle measuring device 12 includes the horizontal angle detector and the altitude angle detector. The drive device 13 drives a horizontal drive motor (not shown) to change the rotation angle of the rotation support portion, and drives a vertical drive motor (not shown) to change the rotation angle of the horizontal axis, thereby the telescope. Change the orientation of part 3 (Fig. 1). The range finder 14 includes an optical wave range finder that detects the phase difference between the modulated signals described above. The operation member 15 is operated by an operator and generates an operation signal for changing the direction of the telescope unit 3 and an operation signal for performing angle measurement and distance measurement, and sends the operation signal to the CPU 11.
【０００９】第一の実施の形態では、上記測量機Ｔｓを
用いて直接観測することができない点、たとえば、電柱
のような円柱Ｃの中心点の位置を測定する。測量機Ｔｓ
は、円柱Ｃの表面の任意の１点Ｐを測距および測角する
とともに、円柱Ｃの左右の両側端を測角する。すなわ
ち、測量機Ｔｓは従来技術と異なり、円柱Ｃの幅方向の
中心を測距および測角しない。In the first embodiment, a point that cannot be directly observed using the surveying instrument Ts, for example, the position of the center point of the cylinder C such as a utility pole is measured. Surveyor Ts
Measures and measures an arbitrary point P on the surface of the cylinder C, and also measures both left and right ends of the cylinder C. That is, unlike the prior art, the surveying instrument Ts does not measure or measure the center of the column C in the width direction.
【００１０】図４は、第一の実施の形態による円柱Ｃの
中心点の位置測定を説明する図である。わかりやすく説
明するために、測量機Ｔｓおよび円柱Ｃを上から見た平
面図で表している。図４において、測量機Ｔｓにより円
柱Ｃの中心点Ｐｔの位置を求める。測量機Ｔｓで観測さ
れるのは、円柱Ｃの左側端Ｐ１と円柱Ｃの右側端Ｐ２と
を結ぶ円柱Ｃの測量機Ｔｓ側の弧によって示される円柱
Ｃの表面である。FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the position measurement of the center point of the cylinder C according to the first embodiment. For easy understanding, the surveying instrument Ts and the cylinder C are shown in a plan view seen from above. In FIG. 4, the position of the center point Pt of the cylinder C is obtained by the surveying instrument Ts. What is observed by the surveying instrument Ts is the surface of the cylinder C indicated by the arc on the surveying instrument Ts side of the cylinder C that connects the left end P1 of the column C and the right end P2 of the column C.
【００１１】測量機Ｔｓから左側端Ｐ１までの距離をＬ
とすると、測量機Ｔｓから右側端Ｐ２までの距離もＬで
表される。直線Ｔｓ-Ｐ１および直線Ｔｓ-Ｐ２は、それ
ぞれ円柱Ｃの接線となる。The distance from the surveying instrument Ts to the left end P1 is L
Then, the distance from the surveying instrument Ts to the right end P2 is also represented by L. The straight line Ts-P1 and the straight line Ts-P2 are tangents to the cylinder C, respectively.
【００１２】測量機Ｔｓは、両側端Ｐ１およびＰ２に対
してそれぞれ測角のみを行い、基準点Ｓに対する左側端
Ｐ１の水平角Ｔ1、基準点Ｓに対する右側端Ｐ２の水平
角Ｔ2＝(Ｔ1＋ｔ2)をそれぞれ求める。測量機Ｔｓは、
両側端Ｐ１およびＰ２を除く任意の測定点Ｐに対して測
角を行い、基準点Ｓに対する測定点Ｐの水平角Ｔp＝(Ｔ
1＋ｔ)を求める。さらに測量機Ｔｓは、測定点Ｐまでの
距離Ｄを測距して求める。The surveying instrument Ts is connected to both ends P1 and P2.
Then, only the angle measurement is performed respectively, and the left end with respect to the reference point S
Horizontal angle T of P11, The horizontal of the right end P2 with respect to the reference point S
Corner T2= (T1+ T2) Respectively. The surveying instrument Ts
Measure at any measurement point P except both ends P1 and P2
Angle, and the horizontal angle Tp = (T
1+ T) is calculated. Furthermore, the surveying instrument Ts
The distance D is measured and obtained.
【００１３】測量機Ｔｓは、測定点Ｐまでの距離Ｄおよ
び測定点Ｐの水平角Ｔpと、両側端Ｐ１およびＰ２の水
平角Ｔ1およびＴ2とによって、以下のように円柱Ｃの中
心点Ｐｔの位置を算出する。直線Ｔｓ-Ｐ１によって表
される軸をＸ軸とする局所座標系を定義すると、円柱Ｃ
の断面を表す円は次式（１）で表される。The surveying instrument Ts uses the distance D to the measurement point P, the horizontal angle Tp of the measurement point P, and the horizontal angles T 1 and T 2 of the side ends P1 and P2 to determine the center point of the cylinder C as follows. Calculate the position of Pt. Defining a local coordinate system with the X axis being the axis represented by the straight line Ts-P1, the cylinder C
A circle representing the cross section of is expressed by the following equation (1).
【数１】
(ｘ−Ｌ)2＋(ｙ−Ｒ)2＝Ｒ2 （１）
ただし、Ｒは円柱Ｃの半径であり、Ｘ軸に直交する軸を
Ｙ軸とする。## EQU1 ## (x−L) 2 + (y−R) 2 = R 2 (1) where R is the radius of the cylinder C, and the axis orthogonal to the X axis is the Y axis.
【００１４】測定点Ｐの局所座標は、(Ｄ・cosｔ，Ｄ・si
nｔ)で表される。同様に、右側端Ｐ２の局所座標は、
(Ｌ・cosｔ2，Ｌ・sinｔ2)で表される。直線Ｔｓ-Ｐ１と
直線Ｔs-Ｐとの間の挟角ｔの値は、次式（２）によって
与えられ、直線Ｔｓ-Ｐ１と直線Ｔs-Ｐ２との間の挟角
ｔ2の値は、次式（３）によって与えられる。The local coordinates of the measuring point P are (D · cost, D · si
nt). Similarly, the local coordinates of the right end P2 are
It is represented by (L · cost 2 , L · sint 2 ). The value of the included angle t between the straight line Ts-P1 and the straight line Ts-P is given by the following equation (2), and the value of the included angle t 2 between the straight line Ts-P1 and the straight line Ts-P2 is It is given by the following equation (3).
【数２】
ｔ＝Ｔp−Ｔ1 （２）
ｔ2＝Ｔ2−Ｔ1 （３）
測定点Ｐ(Ｄ・cosｔ，Ｄ・sinｔ)および右側端Ｐ２(Ｌ・co
sｔ2，Ｌ・sinｔ2)が上式（１）を満足するように距離Ｌ
および半径Ｒをそれぞれ算出すると、円柱Ｃの中心点Ｐ
ｔの座標（ｘ，ｙ）は次式（４）および（５）によって
算出される。(2) t = Tp−T 1 (2) t 2 = T 2 −T 1 (3) Measurement point P (D · cost, D · sint) and right end P2 (L · co)
The distance L is such that st 2 , L · sint 2 ) satisfies the above equation (1).
And the radius R are calculated respectively, the center point P of the cylinder C
The coordinates (x, y) of t are calculated by the following equations (4) and (5).
【数３】 ｘ＝ｘ0＋Ｌ・cosＴ1−Ｒ・sinＴ1 （４） ｙ＝ｙ0＋Ｌ・sinＴ1＋Ｒ・cosＴ1 （５） ただし、測量機Ｔｓの座標を（ｘ0，ｙ0）とする。[Formula 3] x = x 0 + L · cosT 1 −R · sinT 1 (4) y = y 0 + L · sinT 1 + R · cosT 1 (5) where the coordinate of the surveying instrument Ts is (x 0 , y 0 ). And
【００１５】図５は、第一の実施の形態による測量機Ｔ
ｓのＣＰＵ１１で行われる円柱Ｃの中心点Ｐｔの位置座
標（ｘ，ｙ）を求める処理の流れを説明するフローチャ
ートである。図５による処理を行うプログラムは、測量
機Ｔｓの操作者によって操作部材１５が操作され、円柱
Ｃの中心点Ｐｔの位置を求める操作信号がＣＰＵ１１に
入力されると起動する。図５のステップＳ１１におい
て、操作者が望遠鏡部３を円柱Ｃの一方の側端点に向け
て測角指示を行うと、ＣＰＵ１１は、当該側端点を測角
してステップＳ１２へ進む。ステップＳ１２において、
操作者が望遠鏡部３を円柱Ｃ上の一点Ｐに向けて測距お
よび測角指示を行うと、ＣＰＵ１１は、点Ｐを測定点と
して測距および測角を行ってステップＳ１３へ進む。ス
テップＳ１３において、操作者が望遠鏡部３を円柱Ｃの
他方の側端点に向けて測角指示を行うと、ＣＰＵ１１
は、当該側端点を測角してステップＳ１４へ進む。FIG. 5 shows a surveying instrument T according to the first embodiment.
It is a flowchart explaining the flow of the process which calculates | requires the position coordinate (x, y) of the center point Pt of the cylinder C performed by CPU11 of s. The program for performing the processing shown in FIG. 5 is activated when the operation member 15 is operated by the operator of the surveying instrument Ts and an operation signal for determining the position of the center point Pt of the cylinder C is input to the CPU 11. In step S11 of FIG. 5, when the operator directs the telescope unit 3 toward one side end point of the cylinder C to instruct the angle measurement, the CPU 11 measures the side end point and proceeds to step S12. In step S12,
When the operator directs the telescope unit 3 to one point P on the cylinder C to perform the distance measurement and the angle measurement instruction, the CPU 11 performs the distance measurement and the angle measurement with the point P as the measurement point, and proceeds to step S13. In step S13, when the operator directs the telescope unit 3 toward the other side end of the cylinder C and gives an angle measurement instruction, the CPU 11
Measures the side end point and proceeds to step S14.
【００１６】ステップＳ１４において、ＣＰＵ１１は、
円柱Ｃの中心点Ｐｔの座標（ｘ，ｙ）を計算してステッ
プＳ１５へ進む。ステップＳ１５において、ＣＰＵ１１
は、算出した座標と、測距および測角結果などの生デー
タとを不図示の記録媒体に記録して図５による処理を終
了する。生データには、水平角ＨＡ、高度角ＶＡ、なら
びに斜距離ＳＤが含まれる。In step S14, the CPU 11
The coordinates (x, y) of the center point Pt of the cylinder C are calculated and the process proceeds to step S15. In step S15, the CPU 11
Records the calculated coordinates and raw data such as distance measurement and angle measurement results in a recording medium (not shown), and ends the process shown in FIG. The raw data includes the horizontal angle HA, the altitude angle VA, and the oblique distance SD.
【００１７】上述したステップＳ１１、ステップＳ１２
およびステップＳ１３の処理順は、必要に応じて適宜入
れ換えてもよい。Steps S11 and S12 described above
The order of processing in step S13 may be appropriately changed as necessary.
【００１８】以上説明したように第一の実施の形態によ
れば、以下の作用効果が得られる。すなわち、測量機Ｔ
ｓは、直接観測できない円柱Ｃの中心位置を求めるに当
たり、円柱Ｃの両側端Ｐ１およびＰ２に対してそれぞれ
測角のみを行い、両側端Ｐ１およびＰ２を除く任意の１
つの測定点Ｐに対して測角および測距を行う。一般に、
円柱Ｃの側端は背景に対して視認しやすいので、望遠鏡
部３の向きを円柱Ｃの側端に正確に合わせることがで
き、水平角を正確に測定できる。さらに、測定点Ｐは円
柱Ｃの幅方向の中心に合わせなくてもよいので、従来技
術と異なり、望遠鏡部３の向きが円柱Ｃの真の中心線か
ら外れることに起因する測定誤差が生じることがない。
このため、正確に水平角および距離測定を行うことがで
きるから、円柱Ｃの中心点Ｐｔの位置を正確に求めるこ
とができる。As described above, according to the first embodiment, the following operational effects can be obtained. That is, the surveying instrument T
In determining the center position of the cylinder C that cannot be directly observed, s only measures the angle at both ends P1 and P2 of the cylinder C, and determines any one of the positions except both ends P1 and P2.
Angle measurement and distance measurement are performed on one measurement point P. In general,
Since the side end of the cylinder C is easily visible with respect to the background, the direction of the telescope unit 3 can be accurately aligned with the side end of the cylinder C, and the horizontal angle can be accurately measured. Furthermore, since the measurement point P does not have to be aligned with the center of the cylinder C in the width direction, a measurement error may occur due to the orientation of the telescope unit 3 deviating from the true center line of the cylinder C, unlike the prior art. There is no.
Therefore, since the horizontal angle and the distance can be accurately measured, the position of the center point Pt of the cylinder C can be accurately determined.
【００１９】上述した説明では、測量機Ｔｓおよび円柱
Ｃの平面図を用いて説明したが、円柱Ｃ上の測定点Ｐ、
両側端Ｐ１およびＰ２が同一の水平面上にない場合にも
本発明を適用できる。この場合には、図２に示したよう
に、測定点Ｐまでの斜距離ＳＤを測距するとともに測定
点Ｐの高度角ＶＡを測角し、演算によって水平距離Ｄを
算出してから円柱の中心点の位置を算出すればよい。In the above explanation, the plan view of the surveying instrument Ts and the cylinder C was used, but the measurement point P on the cylinder C,
The present invention can be applied to a case where both side ends P1 and P2 are not on the same horizontal plane. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, the oblique distance SD to the measurement point P is measured, the altitude angle VA of the measurement point P is measured, and the horizontal distance D is calculated and then the horizontal distance D is calculated. The position of the center point may be calculated.
【００２０】（第二の実施の形態）第二の実施の形態で
は、第一の実施の形態と異なる方法で円柱Ｃの中心点の
位置を求める。測量機Ｔｓは、円柱Ｃの表面の任意の３
点について、それぞれ測距および測角を行う。(Second Embodiment) In the second embodiment, the position of the center point of the cylinder C is obtained by a method different from that of the first embodiment. The surveying instrument Ts is an arbitrary 3 on the surface of the cylinder C.
Distance measurement and angle measurement are performed for each point.
【００２１】図６は、第二の実施の形態による円柱Ｃの
中心点の位置測定を説明する図である。わかりやすく説
明するために、測量機Ｔｓおよび円柱Ｃを上から見た平
面図で表している。図６において、測量機Ｔｓを用いて
円柱Ｃの中心点Ｐｔの位置を測定する。測量機Ｔｓは、
円柱Ｃの両側端を除く任意の３つの測定点Ｐ１〜Ｐ３に
対してそれぞれ測角および測距を行う。測量機Ｔｓは、
不図示の基準点に対する測定点Ｐ１の水平角Ｔp1を求
め、測定点Ｐ１までの距離Ｄ1を測距して求める。同様
に、測定点Ｐ２の水平角Ｔp2および測定点Ｐ２までの距
離Ｄ2、測定点Ｐ３の水平角Ｔp3および測定点Ｐ３まで
の距離Ｄ3をそれぞれ求める。FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the position measurement of the center point of the cylinder C according to the second embodiment. For easy understanding, the surveying instrument Ts and the cylinder C are shown in a plan view seen from above. In FIG. 6, the position of the center point Pt of the cylinder C is measured using the surveying instrument Ts. The surveying instrument Ts
Angle measurement and distance measurement are performed on arbitrary three measurement points P1 to P3 excluding both ends of the cylinder C, respectively. The surveying instrument Ts
Calculated horizontal angle Tp 1 measuring point P1 relative to the reference point (not shown), determined by the distance measuring the distance D 1 of the to the measurement point P1. Similarly, the horizontal angle Tp 2 of the measuring point P2 and the distance D 2 to the measuring point P2, and the horizontal angle Tp 3 of the measuring point P3 and the distance D 3 to the measuring point P3 are obtained, respectively.
【００２２】測量機Ｔｓは、３組の水平角および距離に
よって、以下のように円柱Ｃの中心点Ｐｔの位置を算出
する。求める円柱Ｃの半径をＲ、円柱Ｃの中心点Ｐｔの
位置座標を（Ｘ，Ｙ）とすると、円柱Ｃの断面を表す円
は次式（６）で表される。The surveying instrument Ts calculates the position of the center point Pt of the cylinder C as follows based on the three sets of horizontal angles and distances. When the radius of the cylinder C to be obtained is R and the position coordinates of the center point Pt of the cylinder C are (X, Y), the circle representing the cross section of the cylinder C is expressed by the following equation (6).
【数４】 (ｘ−Ｘ)2＋(ｙ−Ｙ)2＝Ｒ2 （６）(4) (x−X) 2 + (y−Y) 2 = R 2 (6)
【００２３】測量機Ｔｓの器械点座標がわかれば、上記
測定点Ｐ１の座標（ｘ1，ｙ1）、測定点Ｐ２の座標（ｘ
2，ｙ2）、測定点Ｐ３の座標（ｘ3，ｙ3）がそれぞれ算
出されるので、上式（６）のｘおよびｙに測定点Ｐ１〜
Ｐ３の座標をそれぞれ代入する。測定点座標を代入した
結果得られる３つの連立方程式を解いて、中心点Ｐｔの
位置座標（Ｘ，Ｙ）および半径Ｒを求める。If the coordinates of the instrument point of the surveying instrument Ts are known, the coordinates (x 1 , y 1 ) of the measurement point P 1 and the coordinates (x x of the measurement point P 2
2 , y 2 ) and the coordinates (x 3 , y 3 ) of the measurement point P3 are calculated respectively, so that the measurement points P1 to
Substitute the coordinates of P3. By solving the three simultaneous equations obtained as a result of substituting the measurement point coordinates, the position coordinates (X, Y) of the central point Pt and the radius R are obtained.
【００２４】図７は、第二の実施の形態による測量機Ｔ
ｓのＣＰＵ１１で行われる円柱Ｃの中心点Ｐｔの位置座
標（ｘ，ｙ）を求める処理の流れを説明するフローチャ
ートである。図７による処理を行うプログラムは、測量
機Ｔｓの操作者によって操作部材１５が操作され、円柱
Ｃの中心点Ｐｔの位置を求める操作信号がＣＰＵ１１に
入力されると起動する。図７のステップＳ２１におい
て、操作者が望遠鏡部３を円柱Ｃ上の一点Ｐ１に向けて
測距および測角指示を行うと、ＣＰＵ１１は、点Ｐ１を
測定点として測距および測角を行い、ステップＳ２２へ
進む。ステップＳ２２において、操作者が望遠鏡部３を
円柱Ｃ上の測定点Ｐ１と異なる点Ｐ２に向けて測距およ
び測角指示を行うと、ＣＰＵ１１は、点Ｐ２を測定点と
して測距および測角を行い、ステップＳ２３へ進む。ス
テップＳ２３において、操作者が望遠鏡部３を円柱Ｃ上
の測定点Ｐ１および測定点Ｐ２と異なる点Ｐ３に向けて
測距および測角指示を行うと、ＣＰＵ１１は、点Ｐ３を
測定点として測距および測角を行い、ステップＳ２４へ
進む。FIG. 7 shows a surveying instrument T according to the second embodiment.
It is a flowchart explaining the flow of the process which calculates | requires the position coordinate (x, y) of the center point Pt of the cylinder C performed by CPU11 of s. The program for performing the process shown in FIG. 7 is started when the operation member 15 is operated by the operator of the surveying instrument Ts and an operation signal for determining the position of the center point Pt of the cylinder C is input to the CPU 11. In step S21 of FIG. 7, when the operator directs the telescope unit 3 toward one point P1 on the cylinder C to perform the distance measurement and the angle measurement instruction, the CPU 11 performs the distance measurement and the angle measurement using the point P1 as the measurement point. It proceeds to step S22. In step S22, when the operator instructs the distance measurement and the angle measurement toward the point P2 on the cylinder C which is different from the measurement point P1 on the cylinder C, the CPU 11 performs the distance measurement and the angle measurement using the point P2 as the measurement point. After that, the process proceeds to step S23. In step S23, when the operator gives a distance measurement and an angle measurement instruction to the telescope unit 3 toward the point P3 different from the measurement point P1 and the measurement point P2 on the cylinder C, the CPU 11 measures the distance with the point P3 as the measurement point. Then, the angle is measured, and the process proceeds to step S24.
【００２５】ステップＳ２４において、ＣＰＵ１１は、
円柱Ｃの中心点Ｐｔの座標（Ｘ，Ｙ）および円柱Ｃの半
径Ｒを計算してステップＳ２５へ進む。ステップＳ２５
において、ＣＰＵ１１は、算出した座標と、測距および
測角結果などの生データとを不図示の記録媒体に記録し
て図７による処理を終了する。生データには、水平角Ｈ
Ａ、高度角ＶＡ、ならびに斜距離ＳＤが含まれる。At step S24, the CPU 11
The coordinates (X, Y) of the center point Pt of the cylinder C and the radius R of the cylinder C are calculated, and the process proceeds to step S25. Step S25
At 11, the CPU 11 records the calculated coordinates and raw data such as distance measurement and angle measurement results in a recording medium (not shown), and ends the processing in FIG. 7. For the raw data, the horizontal angle H
A, altitude angle VA, and oblique distance SD are included.
【００２６】上述したステップＳ２１、ステップＳ２２
およびステップＳ２３の処理順は、必要に応じて適宜入
れ換えてもよい。The above-mentioned steps S21 and S22
The order of processing in step S23 may be appropriately changed as necessary.
【００２７】以上説明したように第二の実施の形態によ
れば、以下の作用効果が得られる。すなわち、測量機Ｔ
ｓは、直接観測できない円柱Ｃの中心位置を求めるに当
たり、円柱Ｃの両側端を除く任意の異なる３つの測定点
Ｐ１〜Ｐ３に対し、それぞれ測角および測距を行う。測
定点Ｐ１〜Ｐ３は、円柱Ｃの幅方向の中心に合わせなく
てもよいので、従来技術と異なり、望遠鏡部３の向きが
円柱Ｃの真の中心線から外れることに起因する測定誤差
が生じることがない。このため、正確に測角および測距
を行うことができるから、円柱Ｃの中心点Ｐｔの位置を
正確に求めることができる。As described above, according to the second embodiment, the following operational effects can be obtained. That is, the surveying instrument T
In determining the center position of the cylinder C that cannot be directly observed, s performs angle measurement and distance measurement on arbitrary three different measurement points P1 to P3 excluding both side ends of the cylinder C, respectively. Since the measurement points P1 to P3 do not have to be aligned with the center of the column C in the width direction, a measurement error occurs due to the orientation of the telescope unit 3 deviating from the true center line of the column C, unlike the conventional technique. Never. Therefore, since the angle measurement and the distance measurement can be accurately performed, the position of the center point Pt of the cylinder C can be accurately obtained.
【００２８】上述した第一の実施の形態および第二の実
施の形態では、円柱Ｃの中心点Ｐｔの位置測定を説明す
る場合を例にあげて説明した。円柱は、たとえば、電柱
やタンクなどが相当する。本発明は、円柱の代わりにマ
ンホールなどの構造物や、運動競技場における投擲用サ
ークルなどの円についても適用することができる。この
場合には、マンホールの中心位置や、サークルの中心位
置が求められる。In the above-described first and second embodiments, the case of measuring the position of the center point Pt of the cylinder C has been described as an example. The column corresponds to, for example, a telephone pole or a tank. The present invention can be applied to a structure such as a manhole instead of a cylinder, or a circle such as a throwing circle in an athletic stadium. In this case, the center position of the manhole and the center position of the circle are calculated.
【００２９】（第三の実施の形態）第三の実施の形態で
は、上記測量機Ｔｓを用いて直接観測することができな
い点、たとえば、家屋の軒下点の位置を求める。測定に
先立ち、位置を求めようとする軒下点に棒などを立てか
ける。測量機Ｔｓは、軒下に立てかけられた棒上の任意
の異なる２点をそれぞれ測距および測角するとともに、
軒下の点から鉛直方向にオフセットを有する点について
測角する。(Third Embodiment) In the third embodiment, a point that cannot be directly observed by using the surveying instrument Ts, for example, the position of the eaves point of a house is obtained. Prior to measurement, lean a stick or the like on the lower point of the eaves to find the position. The surveying instrument Ts measures and measures two different arbitrary points on a bar leaning under the eaves, respectively,
Angle is measured at a point that has a vertical offset from the point under the eaves.
【００３０】図８は、第三の実施の形態による軒下の点
Ｐｔの位置測定を説明する図である。図８において、測
量機Ｔｓで棒上の測定点Ｐ１に対して測角および測距を
行い、測定点Ｐ１の水平角ＴpH1および高度角ＴpV1、測
定点Ｐ１までの距離Ｄ1を求める。同様に、測定点Ｐ２
の水平角ＴpH2および高度角ＴpV2と、測定点Ｐ２までの
距離Ｄ2を求める。ここで、点Ｐｔに立てかけられる棒
は直線状のものである。測量機Ｔｓはさらに、点Ｐｔに
対して鉛直方向に位置する観測可能な測定点ＡＬＴにつ
いて、測角のみを行って水平角ＴALTを求める。FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the position measurement of the point Pt under the eaves according to the third embodiment. In FIG. 8, the surveying instrument Ts performs angle measurement and distance measurement on the measuring point P1 on the bar, and obtains the horizontal angle Tp H1 and altitude angle Tp V1 of the measuring point P1, and the distance D 1 to the measuring point P1. Similarly, the measurement point P2
The horizontal angle Tp H2 and altitude angle Tp V2 and the distance D 2 to the measurement point P2 are obtained. Here, the rod leaning against the point Pt has a linear shape. Further, the surveying instrument Ts obtains a horizontal angle T ALT by measuring only the observable measurement point ALT positioned in the vertical direction with respect to the point Pt.
【００３１】測量機Ｔｓは、測定点Ｐ１までの距離Ｄ1
および測定点Ｐ１の測角値と、測定点Ｐ２までの距離Ｄ
2および測定点Ｐ２の測角値と、測定点ＡＬＴの測角値
とによって、以下のように軒下の点Ｐｔの位置を算出す
る。図８において、測定点Ｐ１の座標を（Ｎ1，Ｅ1，Ｚ
1）、測定点Ｐ２の座標を（Ｎ2，Ｅ2，Ｚ2）、ベクトル
Ｐ１-Ｐ２方向の単位ベクトルを（ａ，ｂ，ｃ）で表す
と、軒下の点Ｐｔの座標（Ｎ，Ｅ，Ｚ）は、次式（７）
〜（９）で表される直線上に存在する。The surveying instrument Ts measures the distance D 1 to the measuring point P1.
And the angle measurement value of the measurement point P1 and the distance D to the measurement point P2
The position of the point Pt under the eaves is calculated as follows from the angle measurement value of 2 and the measurement point P2 and the angle measurement value of the measurement point ALT. In FIG. 8, the coordinates of the measurement point P1 are (N 1 , E 1 , Z
1 ), the coordinates of the measurement point P2 are (N 2 , E 2 , Z 2 ), and the unit vector in the vector P1-P2 direction is (a, b, c), the coordinates (N, E) of the point Pt under the eaves. , Z) is expressed by the following equation (7)
Exist on the straight line represented by (9).
【数５】 Ｎ＝Ｎ2＋ｔ・ａ （７） Ｅ＝Ｅ2＋ｔ・ｂ （８） Ｚ＝Ｚ2＋ｔ・ｃ （９） ただし、ｔは定数である。N = N 2 + t · a (7) E = E 2 + t · b (8) Z = Z 2 + t · c (9) where t is a constant.
【００３２】軒下の点Ｐｔは、ベクトルＰ１-Ｐ２を、
測定点Ｐ２から測定点ＡＬＴまでの水平方向成分の距離
ΔＨＤに対応して延長すると求められる。測定点ＡＬＴ
の座標を（Ｎa，Ｅa，Ｚa）とすると、ΔＨＤは次式
（１０）で表される。The point Pt under the eaves is the vector P1-P2,
It is obtained by extending the distance ΔHD of the horizontal component from the measurement point P2 to the measurement point ALT. Measuring point ALT
ΔHD is represented by the following expression (10), where the coordinates of (N a , E a , Z a ) are.
【数６】
ΔＨＤ＝√（(Ｎa−Ｎ2)2＋（Ｅa−Ｅ2)2） （１０）
上式（７）、（８）および（１０）より、定数ｔは次式
（１１）で表される。ΔHD = √ ((N a −N 2 ) 2 + (E a −E 2 ) 2 ) (10) From the above equations (7), (8) and (10), the constant t is It is represented by 11).
【数７】
ｔ＝ΔＨＤ／√（ａ2＋ｂ2） （１１）
測量機Ｔｓの器械点座標がわかれば、上記測定点Ｐ１の
座標（Ｎ1，Ｅ1，Ｚ1）、測定点Ｐ２の座標（Ｎ2，
Ｅ2，Ｚ2）がそれぞれ算出される。また、測定点ＡＬＴ
の座標（Ｎa，Ｅa，Ｚa）のうちＮa，Ｅaが算出され
る。軒下の点Ｐｔの座標（Ｎ，Ｅ，Ｚ）は、上式（７）
〜（９）および（１１）に測定点の座標を代入して算出
する。## EQU7 ## t = ΔHD / √ (a 2 + b 2 ) (11) If the coordinates of the instrument point of the surveying instrument Ts are known, the coordinates (N 1 , E 1 , Z 1 ) of the measurement point P1 and the measurement point P2 can be calculated. Coordinates (N 2 ,
E 2 and Z 2 ) are calculated respectively. Also, the measurement point ALT
Of the coordinates (N a , E a , Z a ) of N a , E a are calculated. The coordinates (N, E, Z) of the point Pt under the eaves are calculated using the above equation (7).
Calculation is performed by substituting the coordinates of the measurement points into (9) and (11).
【００３３】図９は、第三の実施の形態による測量機Ｔ
ｓのＣＰＵ１１で行われる軒下点Ｐｔの位置座標（Ｎ，
Ｅ，Ｚ）を求める処理の流れを説明するフローチャート
である。図９による処理を行うプログラムは、測量機Ｔ
ｓの操作者によって操作部材１５が操作され、軒下点Ｐ
ｔの位置を求める操作信号がＣＰＵ１１に入力されると
起動する。図９のステップＳ３１において、操作者が軒
下点Ｐｔに基準線となる棒などを立てかける。このと
き、望遠鏡部３から棒上の異なる２点が視準できること
を確認する。異なる２点は、後述の測定点Ｐ１および測
定点Ｐ２である。FIG. 9 shows a surveying instrument T according to the third embodiment.
The position coordinates (N,
9 is a flowchart illustrating a flow of processing for obtaining (E, Z). The program for performing the processing shown in FIG.
The operation member 15 is operated by the operator of s, and the eaves point P
It is activated when an operation signal for determining the position of t is input to the CPU 11. In step S31 of FIG. 9, the operator leans a bar serving as a reference line at the eaves point Pt. At this time, it is confirmed that two different points on the rod can be collimated from the telescope unit 3. The two different points are a measurement point P1 and a measurement point P2 described later.
【００３４】ステップＳ３２において、操作者が望遠鏡
部３を棒（基準線）上の測定点Ｐ１に向けて測距および
測角指示を行うと、ＣＰＵ１１は、測定点Ｐ１について
測距および測角を行ってステップＳ３３へ進む。ステッ
プＳ３３において、操作者が望遠鏡部３を棒（基準線）
上の測定点Ｐ２に向けて測距および測角指示を行うと、
ＣＰＵ１１は、測定点Ｐ２について測距および測角を行
ってステップＳ３４へ進む。ステップＳ３４において、
操作者が望遠鏡部３を測定点ＡＬＴに向けて測角指示を
行うと、ＣＰＵ１１は、測定点ＡＬＴについて測角を行
ってステップＳ３５へ進む。In step S32, when the operator gives a distance measurement and angle measurement instruction toward the measurement point P1 on the rod (reference line), the CPU 11 measures the distance and angle at the measurement point P1. Go to step S33. In step S33, the operator sticks the telescope unit 3 (reference line).
When performing distance measurement and angle measurement instruction toward the upper measurement point P2,
The CPU 11 measures the distance and the angle with respect to the measurement point P2, and proceeds to step S34. In step S34,
When the operator directs the telescope unit 3 toward the measurement point ALT and gives an angle measurement instruction, the CPU 11 measures the angle at the measurement point ALT and proceeds to step S35.
【００３５】ステップＳ３５において、ＣＰＵ１１は、
軒下の点Ｐｔの座標（Ｎ，Ｅ，Ｚ）および、器械点から
の角度距離データを計算してステップＳ３６へ進む。ス
テップＳ３６において、ＣＰＵ１１は、算出した座標
と、測距および測角結果などの生データとを不図示の記
録媒体に記録して図９による処理を終了する。生データ
には、水平角、高度角、ならびに斜距離が含まれる。In step S35, the CPU 11
The coordinates (N, E, Z) of the point Pt under the eaves and the angular distance data from the machine point are calculated, and the process proceeds to step S36. In step S36, the CPU 11 records the calculated coordinates and raw data such as distance measurement and angle measurement results in a recording medium (not shown), and ends the process shown in FIG. The raw data includes horizontal angle, altitude angle, and oblique distance.
【００３６】上述したステップＳ３２、ステップＳ３３
およびステップＳ３４の処理順は、必要に応じて適宜入
れ換えてもよい。Steps S32 and S33 described above
The order of processing in step S34 may be appropriately changed as necessary.
【００３７】以上説明したように第三の実施の形態によ
れば、以下の作用効果が得られる。すなわち、測量機Ｔ
ｓは、直接観測できない軒下点Ｐｔの位置を求めるに当
たり、基準線（上記の例では棒）上の任意の異なる２つ
の測定点Ｐ１およびＰ２に対してそれぞれ測角および測
距を行い、軒下の点Ｐｔから鉛直方向にオフセットを取
る点ＡＬＴについて測角のみを行う。これにより、望遠
鏡部３で直接観測できない点Ｐｔの位置を正確に求める
ことができる。As described above, according to the third embodiment, the following operational effects can be obtained. That is, the surveying instrument T
In determining the position of the eaves point Pt that cannot be directly observed, s performs angle measurement and distance measurement on two arbitrary different measurement points P1 and P2 on the reference line (the bar in the above example), and Only the angle measurement is performed on the point ALT which is offset vertically from the point Pt. As a result, the position of the point Pt that cannot be directly observed by the telescope unit 3 can be accurately obtained.
【００３８】上述した説明では、軒下の点Ｐｔから鉛直
方向にオフセットを取る点ＡＬＴ（軒下点を通る鉛直面
上の点）について測角のみを行うようにしたが、軒下の
点Ｐｔから水平方向にオフセットを取る点ＡＬＴｂ（軒
下点を通る水平面上の点）について測角を行ってもよ
い。図１０は、この場合の軒下の点Ｐｔの位置測定を説
明する図である。図１０において、測量機Ｔｓで棒上の
測定点Ｐ１およびＰ２に対して測角および測距を行う点
は上述した図８の場合と同じである。測量機Ｔｓはさら
に、点Ｐｔに対して水平方向に位置する観測可能な測定
点ＡＬＴｂについて、測角のみを行って高度角ＴALTbを
求める。測定点ＡＬＴｂについての測角は、図９による
ステップＳ３４の処理に代えて行う。なお、この場合に
軒下点Ｐｔに立てかける棒は、軒下点Ｐｔおよび測定点
ＡＬＴｂが含まれる鉛直面に含まれるように立てかけ
る。つまり、軒下点Ｐｔ、測定点ＡＬＴｂ、測定点Ｐ１
および測定点Ｐ２は、同一鉛直面上に位置する。In the above description, the angle is measured only at the point ALT (point on the vertical plane passing through the point under the eaves) which is vertically offset from the point Pt under the eaves, but in the horizontal direction from the point Pt under the eaves. The angle may be measured for a point ALTb (a point on the horizontal plane that passes through the point below the eaves) that takes an offset at. FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the position measurement of the point Pt under the eavespiece in this case. In FIG. 10, the angle measurement and distance measurement are performed with respect to the measurement points P1 and P2 on the rod by the surveying instrument Ts, as in the case of FIG. 8 described above. The surveying instrument Ts further measures only the observable measurement point ALTb located in the horizontal direction with respect to the point Pt to obtain the altitude angle T ALTb . The angle measurement for the measurement point ALTb is performed instead of the process of step S34 shown in FIG. In this case, the bar leaning against the eaves point Pt is leaned so as to be included in the vertical plane including the eaves point Pt and the measurement point ALTb. That is, the eaves point Pt, the measurement point ALTb, the measurement point P1
And the measurement point P2 is located on the same vertical plane.
【００３９】測量機Ｔｓは、以下のように軒下の点Ｐｔ
の位置を算出する。図１０において、軒下の点Ｐｔは、
ベクトルＰ１-Ｐ２を、測定点Ｐ２から測定点ＡＬＴｂ
までの鉛直方向成分の距離ΔＶＤに対応して延長すると
求められる。測定点ＡＬＴｂの座標を（Ｎb，Ｅb，
Ｚb）とすると、ΔＶＤは次式（１２）で表される。The surveying instrument Ts has a point Pt under the eaves as follows.
Calculate the position of. In FIG. 10, the point Pt under the eaves is
Vector P1-P2 from measurement point P2 to measurement point ALTb
It is obtained by extending the distance corresponding to the vertical component distance ΔVD. The coordinates of the measurement point ALTb are (N b , E b ,
When Z b), .DELTA.VD is expressed by the following equation (12).
【数８】
ΔＶＤ＝Ｚb−Ｚ2 （１２）
上式（９）および（１２）より、定数ｔは次式（１３）
で表される。ΔVD = Z b −Z 2 (12) From the above equations (9) and (12), the constant t is given by the following equation (13).
It is represented by.
【数９】
ｔ＝ΔＶＤ／ｃ （１３）
軒下の点Ｐｔの座標（Ｎ，Ｅ，Ｚ）は、上式（７）〜
（９）および（１３）に各測定点の座標を代入して算出
する。[Equation 9] t = ΔVD / c (13) The coordinates (N, E, Z) of the point Pt under the eaves are expressed by the above equation (7) to
Calculation is performed by substituting the coordinates of each measurement point into (9) and (13).
【００４０】上述した例では、測定点Ｐ１、測定点Ｐ
２、測定点ＡＬＴｂならびに軒下点Ｐｔが全て同一鉛直
面上にある場合を説明した。これらが同一鉛直面上にな
い場合は、測定点ＡＬＴｂについても測距を行う必要が
ある。すなわち、３つの測定点Ｐ１、測定点Ｐ２および
測定点ＡＬＴｂを測距、測角することによって３つの測
定点を含む平面を表す式を算出し、算出された式による
平面上の点として測定点ＡＬＴｂの座標を求めればよ
い。In the above example, the measurement point P1 and the measurement point P
2. The case where the measurement point ALTb and the eaves point Pt are all on the same vertical plane has been described. If these are not on the same vertical plane, it is necessary to measure the distance also at the measurement point ALTb. That is, an equation representing a plane including the three measurement points is calculated by measuring and measuring the three measurement points P1, P2, and ALTb, and the measurement points are points on the plane according to the calculated equations. The coordinates of ALTb should be calculated.
【００４１】上記の説明では、測量機Ｔｓを用いて直接
観測することができない点として家屋の軒下点の位置を
求めたが、屋根の先端などの位置を求める場合にも本発
明を適用できる。In the above description, the position of the eaves point of the house is determined as a point that cannot be directly observed using the surveying instrument Ts, but the present invention can be applied to the case of determining the position of the tip of the roof or the like.
【００４２】以上説明した測量機Ｔｓは、散乱光を受光
するノンプリズム方式の場合を例にあげて説明したが、
測定対象の表面に反射シートなどを設けて当該シートに
よる反射光を受光するタイプの測量機にも本発明を適用
できる。The surveying instrument Ts described above has been described by taking the case of the non-prism type that receives scattered light as an example.
The present invention can also be applied to a surveying instrument of the type in which a reflection sheet or the like is provided on the surface of the object to be measured and the light reflected by the sheet is received.
【００４３】上述の測量機Ｔｓは、変調した光波の位相
差を検出することにより距離測定点Ｐまでの斜距離ＳＤ
を測定する方式を例にあげて説明した。本発明は、この
方式以外の装置にも適用することができる。たとえば、
測定点にパルス光を投光し、パルス光の投光から反射光
の受光までの時間を検出することにより距離測定点まで
の斜距離を測定する方式でもよい。The surveying instrument Ts described above detects the phase difference between the modulated light waves to detect the oblique distance SD to the distance measuring point P.
The method of measuring is described as an example. The present invention can be applied to devices other than this system. For example,
It is also possible to project the pulsed light to the measurement point and measure the oblique distance to the distance measurement point by detecting the time from the projection of the pulsed light to the reception of the reflected light.
【００４４】上記の測量機Ｔｓは、操作者が操作部材１
５を操作することにより、望遠鏡部３を測定点（測量の
対象）に向けるようにしたが、望遠鏡部３を自動的に測
定点に向けるようにしてもよい。この場合には、望遠鏡
部３を通して観測される像を撮像装置などで撮像し、撮
像された画像データを用いて望遠鏡部３が測量の対象に
向けられたか否かを判定すればよい。In the surveying instrument Ts, the operator operates the operation member 1
Although the telescope unit 3 is directed to the measurement point (object of surveying) by operating 5, the telescope unit 3 may be automatically directed to the measurement point. In this case, an image observed through the telescope unit 3 may be captured by an image capturing device or the like, and the captured image data may be used to determine whether or not the telescope unit 3 is aimed at the survey target.
【００４５】以上の説明では、測量機について説明した
が、測量機の測定用プログラムを用意し、このプログラ
ムを測量機に取込んで上述したような直接観測できない
点の位置を測量機に求めさせることができる。この場合
には、測定用プログラムをパソコンなどから測量機にロ
ーディングしたり、測定用プログラムを記録したメモリ
カードなどの記録媒体を測量機にセットした上でプログ
ラム実行させることにより、上述した測量機として使用
することができる。測定用プログラムの入手方法とし
て、インターネット等を介してダウンロードしてもよ
い。In the above description, the surveying instrument has been described. However, a measuring program for the surveying instrument is prepared, and this program is loaded into the surveying instrument to cause the surveying instrument to find the position of the point that cannot be directly observed as described above. be able to. In this case, by loading the measurement program from a personal computer to the surveying instrument, or by setting a recording medium such as a memory card storing the measurement program on the surveying instrument and executing the program, the surveying instrument described above Can be used. As a method of obtaining the measurement program, the measurement program may be downloaded via the Internet or the like.
【００４６】特許請求の範囲における各構成要素と、発
明の実施の形態における各構成要素との対応について説
明する。測量光学系は、たとえば、望遠鏡部３によって
構成される。制御回路および演算回路は、たとえば、Ｃ
ＰＵ１１によって構成される。Correspondence between each component in the claims and each component in the embodiment of the invention will be described. The surveying optical system includes, for example, the telescope unit 3. The control circuit and the arithmetic circuit are, for example, C
It is configured by the PU 11.
【００４７】[0047]
【発明の効果】以上詳細に説明したように本発明によれ
ば、測量機で直接観測できない点の位置を正確に求める
ことができる。As described in detail above, according to the present invention, the position of a point that cannot be directly observed by a surveying instrument can be accurately obtained.
【図１】本発明の第一の実施の形態による測量機で円柱
を測定する様子を説明する平面図である。FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating how a cylinder is measured by a surveying instrument according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１の側面図である。FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG.
【図３】測量機のブロック図である。FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a surveying instrument.
【図４】第一の実施の形態による円柱の中心点の位置測
定を説明する図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating position measurement of a center point of a cylinder according to the first embodiment.
【図５】第一の実施の形態による測量機で行われる円柱
の中心点の位置座標を求める処理の流れを説明するフロ
ーチャートである。FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a flow of a process for obtaining the position coordinates of the center point of the cylinder, which is performed by the surveying instrument according to the first embodiment.
【図６】第二の実施の形態による円柱の中心点の位置測
定を説明する図である。FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining position measurement of a center point of a cylinder according to the second embodiment.
【図７】第二の実施の形態による測量機で行われる円柱
の中心点の位置座標を求める処理の流れを説明するフロ
ーチャートである。FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a flow of a process for obtaining the position coordinates of the center point of a cylinder, which is performed by the surveying instrument according to the second embodiment.
【図８】第三の実施の形態による軒下の点の位置測定を
説明する図である。FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining position measurement of points under the eaves according to the third embodiment.
【図９】第三の実施の形態による測量機で行われる軒下
点の位置座標を求める処理の流れを説明するフローチャ
ートである。FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a flow of a process for obtaining the position coordinates of an eaves point performed by the surveying instrument according to the third embodiment.
【図１０】軒下の点の位置測定の変形例を説明する図で
ある。FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a modified example of measuring the position of a point under the eaves.
１…本体、 ２…三脚、３…
望遠鏡部、 １１…ＣＰＵ、１２…
測角装置、 １４…測距装置、Ｃ…
円柱、 Ｄ…水平距離、ＨＡ
…水平角、 ＶＡ…高度角、ＳＤ
…斜距離、Ｐ、Ｐ１〜Ｐ３、ＡＬＴ、ＡＬＴｂ…測定
点、Ｐｔ…中心点、軒下点、 Ｔｓ…測量
機1 ... Main body, 2 ... Tripod, 3 ...
Telescope section, 11 ... CPU, 12 ...
Angle measuring device, 14 ... Distance measuring device, C ...
Cylinder, D ... Horizontal distance, HA
… Horizontal angle, VA… Altitude angle, SD
... Diagonal distance, P, P1 to P3, ALT, ALTb ... Measuring point, Pt ... Center point, eaves point, Ts ... Surveyor
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 富山 麻由美 東京都大田区南蒲田２丁目16番２号 株式 会社ニコンジオテックス内 (72)発明者 畑中 正樹 神奈川県横浜市西区みなとみらい２丁目３ 番３号 株式会社ニコンシステム内 Ｆターム(参考） 2F065 AA01 AA06 AA07 AA12 AA17 AA20 BB06 CC14 FF13 FF23 FF65 LL17 PP05 PP22 QQ25 UU05 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page (72) Inventor Mayumi Toyama 2-16-2 Minami Kamata, Ota-ku, Tokyo Stocks Company Nikon Geotex (72) Inventor Masaki Hatanaka 2-3 Minato Mirai, Nishi Ward, Yokohama City, Kanagawa Prefecture No. 3 in Nikon System Co., Ltd. F term (reference) 2F065 AA01 AA06 AA07 AA12 AA17 AA20 BB06 CC14 FF13 FF23 FF65 LL17 PP05 PP22 QQ25 UU05
Claims (9)
観測する測量光学系と、 前記測量光学系により前記測定点を観測し、前記測定点
と所定点とがなす角度を検出する測角装置と、 前記測定点までの距離を検出する測距装置と、 (1)前記円柱の側面の両側端を除く第１の測定点が前記
測量光学系によって観測されている状態で、前記第１の
測定点と所定点とがなす第１の角度を検出するように前
記測角装置を制御するとともに前記第１の測定点までの
第１の距離を検出するように前記測距装置を制御し、
(2)前記両側端のうちの一方の第２の測定点が前記測量
光学系によって観測されている状態で、前記第２の測定
点と所定点とがなす第２の角度を検出するように前記測
角装置を制御し、(3)前記両側端のうちの他方の第３の
測定点が前記測量光学系によって観測されている状態
で、前記第３の測定点と所定点とがなす第３の角度を検
出するように前記測角装置を制御する制御回路と、 前記第１の距離および前記第１の角度と、前記第２の角
度と、前記第３の角度とに基づいて、前記円柱の中心点
の位置を演算する演算回路とを備えることを特徴とする
測量機。1. A surveying optical system for observing a measurement point on a side surface of a cylinder to be surveyed, and the measurement point is observed by the surveying optical system to detect an angle formed by the measurement point and a predetermined point. An angle-measuring device, a distance-measuring device that detects a distance to the measurement point, and (1) a state where the first measurement point except for both ends of the side surface of the cylinder is observed by the surveying optical system, The distance measuring device is controlled so as to control the angle measuring device so as to detect a first angle formed by the first measuring point and the predetermined point and to detect the first distance to the first measuring point. Control and
(2) Detecting a second angle between the second measurement point and a predetermined point while the second measurement point at one of the both ends is observed by the surveying optical system. The angle measuring device is controlled, and (3) the third measurement point and the predetermined point form the third measurement point on the other side, while the other third measurement point is observed by the surveying optical system. A control circuit for controlling the angle measuring device so as to detect an angle of 3; the first distance, the first angle, the second angle, and the third angle, and A surveying instrument comprising: a computing circuit for computing the position of the center point of a cylinder.
観測する測量光学系と、 前記測量光学系により前記測定点を観測し、前記測定点
と所定点とがなす角度を検出する測角装置と、 前記測定点までの距離を検出する測距装置と、 (1)前記円柱の側面の両側端を除く第１の測定点が前記
測量光学系によって観測されている状態で、前記第１の
測定点と所定点とがなす第１の角度を検出するように前
記測角装置を制御するとともに前記第１の測定点までの
第１の距離を検出するように前記測距装置を制御し、
(2)前記両側端および前記第１の測定点を除く第２の測
定点が前記測量光学系によって観測されている状態で、
前記第２の測定点と所定点とがなす第２の角度を検出す
るように前記測角装置を制御するとともに前記第２の測
定点までの第２の距離を検出するように前記測距装置を
制御し、(3)前記両側端と前記第１の測定点および前記
第２の測定点を除く第３の測定点が前記測量光学系によ
って観測されている状態で、前記第３の測定点と所定点
とがなす第３の角度を検出するように前記測角装置を制
御するとともに前記第３の測定点までの第３の距離を検
出するように前記測距装置を制御する制御回路と、 前記第１の距離および前記第１の角度と、前記第２の距
離および前記第２の角度と、前記第３の距離および前記
第３の角度とに基づいて、前記円柱の中心点の位置を演
算する演算回路とを備えることを特徴とする測量機。2. A surveying optical system for observing a measuring point on a side surface of a cylinder to be surveyed, and the measuring point is observed by the surveying optical system to detect an angle formed by the measuring point and a predetermined point. An angle-measuring device, a distance-measuring device that detects a distance to the measurement point, and (1) a state where the first measurement point except for both ends of the side surface of the cylinder is observed by the surveying optical system, The distance measuring device is controlled so as to control the angle measuring device so as to detect a first angle formed by the first measuring point and the predetermined point and to detect the first distance to the first measuring point. Control and
(2) In a state where the both side ends and the second measurement points except the first measurement point are observed by the surveying optical system,
The distance measuring device is controlled so as to control the angle measuring device so as to detect a second angle formed by the second measuring point and a predetermined point and to detect a second distance to the second measuring point. (3) The third measurement point in a state where the both side ends and the third measurement point excluding the first measurement point and the second measurement point are observed by the surveying optical system. And a control circuit for controlling the angle measuring device so as to detect a third angle formed by the predetermined point and the distance measuring device so as to detect a third distance to the third measuring point. , The position of the center point of the cylinder based on the first distance and the first angle, the second distance and the second angle, and the third distance and the third angle. A surveying instrument, comprising: a computing circuit for computing.
学系と、 前記測量光学系により前記測定点を観測し、前記測定点
と所定点とがなす角度を検出する測角装置と、 前記測定点までの距離を検出する測距装置と、 (1)直接観測することができないか又は観測しない目標
点を通る直線上の第１の測定点が前記測量光学系によっ
て観測されている状態で、前記第１の測定点と所定点と
がなす第１の角度を検出するように前記測角装置を制御
するとともに前記第１の測定点までの第１の距離を検出
するように前記測距装置を制御し、(2)前記直線上の前
記第１の測定点とは異なる第２の測定点が前記測量光学
系によって観測されている状態で、前記第２の測定点と
所定点とがなす第２の角度を検出するように前記測角装
置を制御するとともに前記第２の測定点までの第２の距
離を検出するように前記測距装置を制御し、(3)前記目
標点を通る鉛直面上あるいは水平面上のいずれか一方に
位置する第３の測定点が前記測量光学系によって観測さ
れている状態で、前記第３の測定点と所定点とがなす第
３の角度を検出するように前記測角装置を制御する制御
回路と、 前記第１の距離および前記第１の角度と、前記第２の距
離および前記第２の角度と、前記第３の角度とに基づい
て、前記目標点の位置を演算する演算回路とを備えるこ
とを特徴とする測量機。3. A surveying optical system for observing a measurement point to be surveyed, and an angle measuring device for observing the measurement point by the surveying optical system and detecting an angle formed by the measurement point and a predetermined point. A distance measuring device that detects the distance to the measurement point, and (1) A state in which the first measurement point on a straight line passing through a target point that cannot be directly observed or is not observed is observed by the surveying optical system. And controlling the angle measuring device so as to detect a first angle formed by the first measuring point and a predetermined point, and at the same time, detecting the first distance to the first measuring point. A distance measuring device is controlled, and (2) a second measurement point different from the first measurement point on the straight line is observed by the surveying optical system, and the second measurement point and the predetermined point The angle measuring device is controlled so as to detect a second angle formed by The distance measuring device is controlled so as to detect the second distance to the measurement point, and (3) the third measurement point located either on the vertical plane passing through the target point or on the horizontal plane is A control circuit for controlling the angle measuring device so as to detect a third angle formed by the third measuring point and a predetermined point while being observed by the surveying optical system; A survey instrument comprising: a first angle, a second distance and a second angle, and a calculation circuit that calculates a position of the target point based on the third angle.
点と所定点とがなす第１の角度を検出し、 (2)前記第１の測定点までの第１の距離を検出し、 (3)前記両側端のうちの一方の第２の測定点と所定点と
がなす第２の角度を検出し、 (4)前記両側端のうちの他方の第３の測定点と所定点と
がなす第３の角度を検出し、 前記第１の距離および前記第１の角度と、前記第２の角
度と、前記第３の角度とに基づいて、前記円柱の中心点
の位置を演算することを特徴とする測量方法。4. (1) Detecting a first angle formed between a first measurement point excluding both ends of the side surface of the cylinder and a predetermined point, and (2) a first distance to the first measurement point. (3) Detecting a second angle formed by a predetermined point with one of the second measurement points of the both ends, (4) The other third measurement point of the both ends. And a third point formed between the predetermined point and the predetermined point are detected, and based on the first distance and the first angle, the second angle, and the third angle, the center point of the cylinder is calculated. A surveying method characterized by calculating a position.
点と所定点とがなす第１の角度を検出し、 (2)前記第１の測定点までの第１の距離を検出し、 (3)前記円柱の側面のうち両側端および前記第１の測定
点を除く第２の測定点と所定点とがなす第２の角度を検
出し、 (4)前記第２の測定点までの第２の距離を検出し、 (5)前記円柱の側面のうち両側端と前記第１の測定点お
よび前記第２の測定点を除く第３の測定点と所定点とが
なす第３の角度を検出し、 (6)前記第３の測定点までの第３の距離を検出し、 前記第１の距離および前記第１の角度と、前記第２の距
離および前記第２の角度と、前記第３の距離および前記
第３の角度とに基づいて、前記円柱の中心点の位置を演
算することを特徴とする測量方法。5. (1) Detecting a first angle formed by a predetermined point and a first measurement point excluding both ends of a side surface of a cylinder, and (2) a first distance to the first measurement point. (3) detecting a second angle formed between a predetermined point and a second measurement point other than both side ends and the first measurement point on the side surface of the cylinder, and (4) the second Detecting a second distance to the measurement point, and (5) forming both sides of the side surface of the cylinder, a third measurement point excluding the first measurement point and the second measurement point, and a predetermined point. Detecting a third angle, (6) detecting a third distance to the third measurement point, the first distance and the first angle, the second distance and the second A surveying method, wherein the position of the center point of the cylinder is calculated based on an angle, the third distance, and the third angle.
測しない目標点を通る直線上の第１の測定点と所定点と
がなす第１の角度を検出し、 (2)前記第１の測定点までの第１の距離を検出し、 (3)前記直線上の前記第１の測定点とは異なる第２の測
定点と所定点とがなす第２の角度を検出し、 (4)前記第２の測定点までの第２の距離を検出し、 (5)前記目標点を通る鉛直面上あるいは水平面上のいず
れか一方に位置する第３の測定点と所定点とがなす第３
の角度を検出し、 前記第１の距離および前記第１の角度と、前記第２の距
離および前記第２の角度と、前記第３の角度とに基づい
て、前記目標点の位置を演算することを特徴とする測量
方法。6. (1) Detecting a first angle formed by a first measurement point and a predetermined point on a straight line passing through a target point that cannot be directly observed or is not observed, and (2) the first Detecting a first distance to a measurement point of (3) detecting a second angle formed between a second measurement point different from the first measurement point on the straight line and a predetermined point, ) Detecting a second distance to the second measurement point, and (5) a third point which is located on either a vertical plane passing through the target point or on a horizontal plane and a predetermined point. Three
Of the target distance and calculates the position of the target point based on the first distance and the first angle, the second distance and the second angle, and the third angle. A surveying method characterized by that.
づいて円柱の中心点の位置を演算するプログラムにおい
て、 (1)円柱の側面の両側端を除く第１の測定点と所定点と
がなす第１の角度と、 (2)前記第１の測定点までの第１の距離と、 (3)前記両側端のうちの一方の第２の測定点と所定点と
がなす第２の角度と、 (4)前記両側端のうちの他方の第３の測定点と所定点と
がなす第３の角度とから、前記円柱の中心点の位置を演
算する処理を実行することを特徴とする測量プログラ
ム。7. A program for calculating the position of the center point of a cylinder based on an observed angle and distance with a surveying instrument, comprising: (1) a first measurement point excluding both side edges of a side surface of the cylinder and a predetermined point. And (2) a first distance to the first measurement point, and (3) a second measurement point of one of the both ends and a predetermined point. A process of calculating the position of the center point of the cylinder from the angle and (4) a third angle formed by a predetermined point and the third measurement point of the other of the both ends. Survey program to do.
づいて円柱の中心点の位置を演算するプログラムにおい
て、 (1)円柱の側面の両側端を除く第１の測定点と所定点と
がなす第１の角度と、 (2)前記第１の測定点までの第１の距離と、 (3)前記円柱の側面のうち両側端および前記第１の測定
点を除く第２の測定点と所定点とがなす第２の角度と、 (4)前記第２の測定点までの第２の距離と、 (5)前記円柱の側面のうち両側端と前記第１の測定点お
よび前記第２の測定点を除く第３の測定点と所定点とが
なす第３の角度と、 (6)前記第３の測定点までの第３の距離とから、前記円
柱の中心点の位置を演算する処理を実行することを特徴
とする測量プログラム。8. A program for calculating the position of the center point of a cylinder based on an observed angle and distance by a surveying instrument, comprising: (1) a first measurement point excluding both side edges of the side surface of the cylinder and a predetermined point. And (2) a first distance to the first measurement point, and (3) a second measurement point excluding both side ends of the side surface of the cylinder and the first measurement point. And a predetermined angle, and (4) a second distance to the second measurement point, and (5) both side ends of the side surface of the cylinder, the first measurement point, and the first measurement point. The position of the center point of the cylinder is calculated from the third angle formed by the third measurement point excluding the second measurement point and the predetermined point, and (6) the third distance to the third measurement point. A surveying program, characterized in that it executes a process to perform.
又は観測しない目標点の位置を演算するプログラムにお
いて、 (1)前記目標点を通る直線上の第１の測定点と所定点と
がなす第１の角度と、 (2)前記第１の測定点までの第１の距離と、 (3)前記直線上の前記第１の測定点とは異なる第２の測
定点と所定点とがなす第２の角度と、 (4)前記第２の測定点までの第２の距離と、 (5)前記目標点を通る鉛直面上あるいは水平面上のいず
れか一方に位置する第３の測定点と所定点とがなす第３
の角度とから、前記目標点の位置を演算する処理を実行
することを特徴ととする測量プログラム。9. A program for calculating the position of a target point that cannot be observed or is not observed directly by a surveying instrument, (1) A first measurement point and a predetermined point on a straight line passing through the target point A first angle to be formed, (2) a first distance to the first measurement point, and (3) a second measurement point different from the first measurement point on the straight line and a predetermined point. A second angle to form, (4) a second distance to the second measurement point, and (5) a third measurement point located either on the vertical plane passing through the target point or on the horizontal plane. And the predetermined point
A surveying program, which executes a process of calculating the position of the target point from the angle of.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001302488A JP2003106838A (en) | 2001-09-28 | 2001-09-28 | Surveying instrument, method for surveying and surveying program |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001302488A JP2003106838A (en) | 2001-09-28 | 2001-09-28 | Surveying instrument, method for surveying and surveying program |
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| JP2003106838A true JP2003106838A (en) | 2003-04-09 |
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ID=19122721
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001302488A Pending JP2003106838A (en) | 2001-09-28 | 2001-09-28 | Surveying instrument, method for surveying and surveying program |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP2003106838A (en) |
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| CN114353764A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-04-15 | 中铁大桥局集团第二工程有限公司 | Method and device for measuring parameters of pile casing |
| CN117935064A (en) * | 2024-03-22 | 2024-04-26 | 湖北神龙工程测试技术有限公司 | Building inclination early warning method and system based on image processing |
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| JP2006038581A (en) * | 2004-07-26 | 2006-02-09 | Topcon Corp | Management system of surveying system |
| JP2013217807A (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2013-10-24 | Keisoku Net Service Kk | Optical device and measurement method using the same |
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| CN117935064A (en) * | 2024-03-22 | 2024-04-26 | 湖北神龙工程测试技术有限公司 | Building inclination early warning method and system based on image processing |
| CN117935064B (en) * | 2024-03-22 | 2024-05-24 | 湖北神龙工程测试技术有限公司 | Building inclination early warning method and system based on image processing |
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