JP2003092953A - Circulating filtration culture system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a circulating filtration culture system capable of back- washing a biofiltration vessel with water in the system, returning water used in the back washing to the system and so preventing decrease of total water in the system. SOLUTION: This circulating filtration culture system comprises a suspension removing vessel 3 and a biofiltration vessel 4 each in a circulation line 2 for recycling water in a rearing tank 1 so that the suspension removing vessel 3 is set at the upstream side and the biofiltration vessel 4 is set at the downstream side and back-washing of the filter medium packed in the biofiltration vessel 4 is performed by reversely passing water through the vessel 4, wherein fish and shellfish are cultivated in the rearing tank 1, the suspended matter in water is removed in the suspension removing vessel 3 and ammonia in water is removed in the biofiltration vessel 4 by activity of microorganisms. A back washing water-supply line 5 feeding back washing water to the biofiltration vessel 4 is set by branching from the circulation line 2 between the suspension removing vessel 3 and the biofiltration vessel 4. And an exhaust passage 6 for exhausting water used in back washing from the biofiltration vessel 4 is connected to the suspension removing vessel 3.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a circulatory filtration type aquaculture device that cultivates and temporarily stores fish and shellfish in a breeding aquarium while circulating and reusing the breeding water. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When seafood is cultivated or temporarily cultivated in a breeding aquarium 1 provided on land, the breeding water in the breeding aquarium 1 is circulated while being purified through a circulation path 2 to provide a closed system. Breeding of seafood in high density is carried out. In such a closed-circulation aquaculture device, insoluble floating substances such as organic substances and ammonia are generated in the water of the breeding aquarium 1 due to residual food, feces, metabolites, etc. caused by the food given to seafood, and these are generated. When accumulated in water, the management of seafood becomes difficult. Therefore, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-2
As seen in Japanese Patent No. 16129 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-76257, when circulating water in a breeding aquarium through a circulation path, ammonia and suspended substances are removed.

FIG. 4 shows an example thereof, in which a floating substance removal tank 3 and a biological filtration tank 4 are connected to a circulation path 2 for circulating breeding water in a breeding aquarium 1. Then, the water sent from the breeding water tank 1 to the floating substance removing tank 3 is filtered when passing through a filter provided in the floating substance removing tank 3, and the floating substances are removed. Next, the water from which the floating substances have been removed is sent from the floating substances removing tank 3 to the biological filtration tank 4. The biological filtration tank 4 is filled with a filter medium in which microorganisms such as nitrifying bacteria inhabit, and the action of microorganisms such as nitrifying bacteria causes the nitrification reaction of ammonia in water to convert it to nitrate nitrogen, thereby detoxifying the ammonia. It is designed to be removed. The water in which the ammonia has been detoxified in the biological filtration tank 4 is pumped up by the circulation pump 7 and returned to the breeding water tank 1 through the circulation path 2.

In the circulation filtration type aquaculture device formed as described above, breeding of seafood requires half a year to one year, and particularly in the case of sardine etc., it takes a period of two years or more. The filter material in the biological filtration tank 4 may be contaminated with dirt, resulting in clogging between the filter materials. Therefore, even during the breeding period, it is necessary to wash the filter medium in the biological filtration tank 4 once to 6 times in half a year to remove dirt.

For this reason, as shown in FIG. 4, a bypass passage 11 is provided between the circulation passage 2 upstream of the biological filtration tank 4 and the circulation passage 2 downstream thereof. The floating substance removing tank 3 is provided between the breeding water tank 1 and the floating material removing tank 3.
Between the connection portion of the bypass passage 11 and the biological filtration tank 4 between the biological filtration tank 4 and the biological filtration tank 4, and between the connection portion of the bypass passage 11 and the biological filtration tank 4 between the biological filtration tank 4 and the circulation pump 7. The valves 12, 13, 14, 15 are provided at the respective positions between the circulation pump 7 and the breeding aquarium 1, and the valve 16 is provided in the bypass passage 11, and the water in the breeding aquarium 1 is watered as described above. When the liquid is circulated in the circulation path 2 while passing through the suspended solid removal tank 3 and the biological filtration tank 4, the valves 12, 13, 14, 15 are opened and the valve 16 is closed.

Therefore, when cleaning the inside of the biological filtration tank 4, the valves 12, 15 and 16 are opened and the valve 1 is opened.
By closing 3, 14 the water is circulated to the breeding aquarium 1 through the bypass 11 and the biological filtration tank 4
Is removed from the circulation path. Then, by aerating air from the bottom of the biological filtration tank 4 to remove dirt adhering to the filter medium, water is supplied from the outlet side to the biological filtration tank 4 as indicated by the arrow in FIG. By back-flowing water in the direction opposite to the flow in normal operation (shown by the arrow B in FIG. 4), dirt can be washed out from the filter medium. The water thus backwashed is discharged from the discharge port 17 provided on the inlet side of the biological filtration tank 4.

[0007]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention Here, seafood bred in the breeding aquarium 1 is mainly marine,
Seawater or artificial seawater is also used as breeding water. If fresh water such as tap water is used as the water for backwashing the inside of the biological filtration tank 4 as described above, marine microorganisms attached to the filter material of the biological filtration tank 4 may lose their activity. It is necessary to use seawater or artificial seawater as washing water.

However, when breeding inland, it is difficult to secure seawater, and it is necessary to use seawater that has undergone sterilization or the like, which is troublesome, and further backwashing is required. The water used in the above procedure is discarded because it contains the dirt adhering to the filter medium, but when using artificial seawater, there was a problem in terms of cost.
Therefore, it is possible to use the water circulated in the breeding aquarium 1 as the water for backwashing, but since the dirty water used for backwashing is discarded, the total amount of seawater in the circulation system decreases. Therefore, it becomes necessary to supplement the sterilized seawater or artificial seawater, and this does not solve the problem.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is possible to backwash the inside of the biological filtration tank by utilizing the water in the circulation system, and use the water used for the backwashing in the circulation system. It is an object of the present invention to provide a circulation filtration type aquaculture device which can be returned to prevent the total amount of water in the circulation system from decreasing.

[0010]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a circulation filtration type aquaculture apparatus, which is a floating path for removing suspended matter in water in a circulation path 2 for circulating water in a breeding aquarium 1 for breeding seafood. A substance removal tank 3 and a biological filtration tank 4 for removing ammonia in water by the action of microorganisms are provided so as to be connected so that the floating substance removal tank 3 is located on the upstream side and the biological filtration tank 4 is located on the downstream side. In a circulation filtration type aquaculture device configured to perform backwashing in which the filter medium filled in the biological filtration tank 4 is washed by causing water to flow back into the biological filtration tank 4, water for backwashing is supplied to the biological filtration tank 4. A backwash water supply channel 5 is provided so as to branch from the circulation path 2 between the floating substance removal tank 3 and the biological filtration tank 4, and the backwash discharge channel 6 that drains the backwashed water from the biological filtration tank 4 is suspended. It is characterized by being connected to the substance removing tank 3.

In the second aspect of the present invention, the circulation pump 7 for circulating the water in the circulation path 2 is provided between the suspended matter removal tank 3 and the biological filtration tank 4 in such a manner that the suspended matter is suspended from the branch point of the backwash water supply channel 5. It is characterized in that it is provided so as to be connected to a position on the side of the removing tank 3.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of a system of a circulating filtration type aquaculture device according to the present invention. One end and the other end of a circulation path 2 formed by a pipe such as a pipe in a breeding aquarium 1 are provided. It is connected. The breeding aquarium 1 breeds seafood,
Or to temporarily cultivate seafood,
The seafood to be bred is not limited to fish such as flounder and okoze, but also shellfish and shellfish, but seawater seafood is mainly bred. To the circulation path 2 connected to the breeding water tank 1, a suspended matter removal tank 3, a biological filtration tank 4, and a circulation pump 7 are sequentially connected from the upstream side of the water flow. In addition to these components, a foam separator, a temperature controller, a pH controller, etc. are connected to the circulation path 2 as required.

The circulation path 2 is provided with a backwash water supply path 5 formed of a pipe such as a pipe. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the backwash water supply channel 5 is formed by including an inlet channel 5a and an outlet channel 5b, and one end of the inlet channel 5a is between the suspended solid removal tank 3 and the biological filtration tank 4. At the other end, the other end is connected to the circulation path 2 between the biological filtration tank 4 and the circulation pump 7. Further, one end of the water discharge path 5b is connected to the circulation path 2 between the circulation pump 7 and the breeding water tank 1, and the other end is connected to the end portion on the outlet side of the biological filtration tank 4. Therefore, the backwash water supply passage 5 is formed from the water inlet passage 5a, the water outlet passage 5b, and the portion of the circulation passage 2 where the circulation pump 7 is provided. Further, one end of a backwash discharge passage 6 formed of a pipe such as a pipe is connected to the end portion on the inlet side of the biological filtration tank 4, and the other end of the backwash discharge passage 6 is a suspended matter removal tank 3 Is connected to the inlet end of the.

In addition, between the breeding water tank 1 and the floating substance removing tank 3, between the connection point of the water supply channel 5 for cleaning between the floating substance removing tank 3 and the biological filtering tank 4 and the biological filtering tank 4, Filtration tank 4
Between the water supply channel 5 for cleaning and the biological filtration tank 4 between the circulation pump 7 and the biological water tank 4, and between the water supply channel 5 for cleaning between the circulation pump 7 and the rearing water tank 1 and the rearing tank 1. Valves 20, 21, 22, and 23 formed by electromagnetic valves or the like are provided in the circulation path 2 at respective positions between them, and electromagnetic valves are further provided in the water inlet 5a and the water outlet 5b of the backwash water supply passage 5, respectively. Valves 24 and 25 formed by, for example, are provided.

FIG. 1 (a) shows a normal operation in which the breeding water in the breeding aquarium 1 is circulated, and the valves 20, 21,
22 and 23 are opened and valves 24 and 25 are closed so that water is circulated only in the circulation path 2, and the backwash water supply path 5
In FIG. 1 (a), the flow paths through which water is passed are indicated by solid lines, and the flow paths through which water is not passed are indicated by broken lines.

When the circulation pump 7 is operated in this state to return the water to the breeding aquarium 1, the water corresponding to the returned flow rate is transferred from the breeding aquarium 1 to the suspended matter removing bath 3.
A filter such as a drum filter is provided in the suspended substance removal tank 3, and when water passes through this filter, suspended substances such as SS in the water are filtered and removed. The water from which the suspended solids have been removed in the suspended solids removal tank 3 flows into the biological filtration tank 4. The biological filtration tank 4 is formed by filling the inside with a granular filter medium having microorganisms such as nitrifying bacteria attached thereto, and when water flows through the biological filtration tank 4 as indicated by the arrow in FIG. In addition, ammonia in water is nitrified by this nitrifying bacterium to convert it into nitrate nitrogen, and ammonia is detoxified and removed from water. The water purified by nitrification in the biological filtration tank 4 is circulated by the circulation pump 7.
It is pumped up and returned to the breeding aquarium 1 through the circulation route 2.

Next, FIG. 1 (b) shows a backwashing process in which the filter medium in the biological filtration tank 4 is washed.
1, 22 and 23 are closed and valves 24 and 25 are opened so that water is circulated through the backwash water supply passage 5 and is not circulated in the breeding aquarium 1 through the circulation passage 2 (FIG. 1).
In (b), a flow path through which water is passed is indicated by a solid line, and a flow path through which water is not passed is indicated by a broken line).

When the circulation pump 7 is operated in this state, the water from which the suspended solids have been removed is pumped up from the suspended solids removing tank 3, and the backwash water supply passage 5 as shown by the arrow in FIG. 1 (b).
Is supplied to the biological filtration tank 4 through. Here, at the time of backwashing, air is ejected from an air pipe arranged at the bottom of the biological filtration tank 4 to perform aeration, and the agitation of the filter medium removes dirt adhering to the filter medium. I am doing it. Then, water is supplied from the backwash water supply channel 5 to the outlet side end of the biological filtration tank 4,
As shown by the arrow in FIG. 1 (b), by backwashing water in the direction opposite to the flow during normal operation, backwashing can be performed to wash away dirt from the filter medium. The water thus backwashed overflows into the backwash discharge passage 6 connected to the end portion on the inlet side of the biological filtration tank 4, and is returned to the suspended matter removal tank 3 through the backwash discharge passage 6.

The backwashed water contains dirt adhering to the filter medium, but by returning it to the floating substance removing tank 3, the dirt contained in the water is filtered by the filter in the floating material removing tank 3. It is filtered in step (1) and the dirt is removed, and again supplied to the biological filtration tank (4) through the backwash water supply channel (5) for backwashing. In this way, the water in the circulation system of the circulation filtration type aquaculture device can be used as it is for backwashing the filter material of the biological filtration tank 4, and the dirt contained in the water used for the backwashing is Since it is removed in the floating substance removal tank 3, the water used for backwashing can be reused without discarding it outside the circulation system, and the total amount of water in the circulation system will not decrease. . Therefore, it is not necessary to supplement the circulation system with sterilized seawater or artificial seawater.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the circulation pump 7 is provided in the circulation path 2 between the biological filtration tank 4 and the breeding water tank 1, but in the embodiment of FIG. In between, the circulation pump 7 is provided on the upstream side of the connection portion of the backwash water supply passage 5. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG. When the water level of the biological filtration tank 4 is arranged to be lower than the water level of the breeding aquarium 1, it is necessary to pump water from the biological filtration tank 4 and return it to the breeding aquarium 1, so the circulation pump 7 Figure 1
Although it is provided on the downstream side of the biological filtration tank 4 as described above, when the water level of the biological filtration tank 4 is arranged to be higher than that of the breeding aquarium 1, water overflows from the biological filtration tank 4. Can be returned to the breeding aquarium 1,
Further, in this case, the water level of the biological filtration tank 4 is the suspended matter removal tank 3
Since it is often higher than the water level, the circulation pump 7 is installed between the biological filtration tank 4 and the suspended matter removal tank 3 as shown in FIG. 2, and water is pumped up from the suspended matter removal tank 3 by the circulation pump 7. It is supplied to the biological filtration tank 4.

In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the normal operation for circulating the breeding water in the breeding aquarium 1 is carried out as shown in FIG. 2 (a), as in the case of FIG. 1 (a). In addition, as in the case of FIG. 1 (b), backwashing for washing the filter medium in the biological filtration tank 4 is performed as shown in FIG.
It can be performed as in (b).

In FIG. 3, as in the case of FIG. 2, a circulation pump 7 is provided in the circulation path 2 between the suspended matter removal tank 3 and the biological filtration tank 4 upstream of the connection portion of the backwash water supply passage 5. It shows another embodiment of the circulation filtration type aquaculture device so configured. If the circulation pump 7 is provided at this position, it becomes possible to directly draw water from the suspended matter removal tank 3 by the circulation pump 7 and supply it to the biological filtration tank 4. Therefore, in the embodiment of FIG. The other end of the backwashing water supply channel 5, one end of which is connected to the circulation path 2 between the tank 3 and the biological filtration tank 4, is directly connected to the end portion on the outlet side of the biological filtration tank 4. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG. Figure 2
When the backwash water supply channel 5 is connected to the biological filtration tank 4 via a part of the circulation path 2 as in the embodiment of the present invention, two valves 22 are provided between the biological filtration tank 4 and the breeding water tank 1. , 23
Two valves 24 and 25 were required for the backwash water supply channel 5, respectively. However, the backwash water supply channel 5 does not pass through the circulation path 2 to the biological filtration tank 4 as in the embodiment of FIG. In the case of direct connection, one valve 22 is provided between the biological filtration tank 4 and the breeding aquarium 1, and one valve 24 is provided at the backwash water supply passage 5.
It suffices to provide only, and it is possible to simplify the pipe configuration and the valve control configuration for switching the flow of water.

In the case of FIG. 3, the valves 20, 2 are operated during the normal operation of circulating the breeding water in the breeding aquarium 1.
1 and 22 are opened and the valve 24 is closed so that water is circulated only in the circulation path 2 and water is not circulated in the backwash water supply channel 5 as shown in FIG. Three
In (a), a flow path through which water is passed is indicated by a solid line, and a flow path through which water is not passed is indicated by a broken line). When the circulation pump 7 is operated in this state, water is advected from the breeding aquarium 1 to the suspended matter removal tank 3, and when the water passes through the filter in the suspended matter removal tank 3, suspended matter such as SS in the water is removed. It is filtered and removed. The water from which the suspended solids have been removed in the suspended solids removal tank 1 is supplied to the biological filtration tank 4 by the circulation pump 7,
Ammonia in water is nitrified by microorganisms such as nitrifying bacteria attached to the filter medium to become nitrate nitrogen, which is detoxified. The water that has been nitrified and purified in the biological filtration tank 4 as described above overflows and is returned to the breeding aquarium 1.

Next, during the backwash operation for washing the filter medium in the biological filtration tank 4, the valves 20, 21, 22 are closed and the valve 24 is opened, and the backwash water supply passage 5 is opened as shown in FIG. 3B. Water is circulated to the rearing aquarium 1 from the circulation path 2 (the water passage is a solid line in FIG. 3B, the water passage is a broken line). Is shown). When the circulation pump 7 is operated in this state, the water from which the suspended solids have been removed is pumped up from the suspended solids removal tank 3 and supplied to the biological filtration tank 4 through the backwash water supply passage 5. Then, as in the case of FIG. 1B, by flowing water in the biological filtration tank 4 in the direction opposite to the flow during normal operation, backwashing can be performed to wash away dirt from the filter medium. The water thus backwashed overflows into the backwash discharge passage 6 connected to the inlet side end of the biological filtration tank 4 and is returned to the suspended solids removal tank 3 through the backwash discharge passage 6, as shown in FIG. It is reused for backwashing in the same manner as in (b).

In each of the above embodiments, the flow passage is switched between the normal operation and the backwash operation by using the valve, but any flow passage can be opened / closed. good. Also, as a suspended matter removal tank, a filter such as a drum filter is provided, and in addition to the system in which suspended matter in water is removed by filtering water, the suspended matter is precipitated from water to obtain a supernatant liquid. Various types can be used, such as a system for supplying to a biological filtration tank.

[0027]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, according to the present invention, in the circulation path for circulating the water in the breeding aquarium for breeding fish and shellfish, the suspended matter removal tank for removing suspended matter in water and the ammonia in water by the action of microorganisms are used. The biological filtration tank to be removed was installed so that the suspended matter removal tank was located on the upstream side and the biological filtration tank was located on the downstream side, and the biological filtration tank was filled by backflowing water. In a circulation filtration type aquaculture device that is designed to perform backwashing to wash the filter medium, the backwashing water supply channel that supplies the backwashing water to the biological filtration tank is connected from the circulation path between the suspended matter removal tank and the biological filtration tank. Since the backwash discharge channel that is provided in a branch and discharges the backwashed water from the biological filtration tank is connected to the suspended matter removal tank, biological filtration is performed using the water in the circulation system of the circulation filtration type aquaculture device as it is. You can backwash the filter material in the tank, and The dirt contained in the water used for washing is removed in the floating substance removal tank, and it is not necessary to discard the water used for backwashing outside the circulation system, which may reduce the total amount of water in the circulation system. It eliminates the need for supplementing the circulation system with sterilized seawater or artificial seawater.

The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the circulation pump for circulating water in the circulation path is located between the suspended matter removal tank and the biological filtration tank on a side closer to the suspended matter removal tank than the branch point of the backwash water supply channel. It is possible to pump water from the suspended matter removal tank with a circulation pump and supply it directly to the biological filtration tank, because it simplifies the piping structure of the water supply channel for cleaning and reduces the number of valves. It is possible to do.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of the present invention,
(A) is a schematic diagram showing a normal operation state, and (b) is a schematic diagram showing a backwash operation state.

2A and 2B show another example of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram showing a normal operation state, and FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram showing a backwash operation state.

3A and 3B show another example of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram showing a normal operation state, and FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram showing a backwash operation state.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 breeding aquarium 2 circulation path 3 Suspended matter removal tank 4 biological filtration tank 5 Backwash water channel 6 Backwash drain 7 Circulation pump

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A floating substance removal tank for removing floating substances in water and a biological filtration tank for removing ammonia in water by the action of microorganisms are floated in a circulation path for circulating water in a breeding aquarium for breeding seafood. It is installed so that the substance removal tank is located on the upstream side and the biological filtration tank is located on the downstream side, and backwashing is performed to wash the filter medium filled in the biological filtration tank by causing water to flow backward through the biological filtration tank. In the circulation filtration type aquaculture device configured as above, a backwash water supply channel for supplying water for backwash to the biological filtration tank is provided by branching from the circulation path between the suspended matter removal tank and the biological filtration tank, and backwashing is performed. A circulation filtration type aquaculture device comprising a backwash discharge passage for discharging water from a biological filtration tank, which is connected to a suspended matter removal tank. 2. A circulation pump that circulates water in the circulation path is provided between the suspended matter removal tank and the biological filtration tank, connected to a position closer to the suspended matter removal tank than the branch point of the backwash water supply channel. The circulating filtration type aquaculture device according to claim 1, wherein