JP2008283873A - Purification apparatus and method for operating the purification apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a purification apparatus which can simply perform maintenance works, such as purification work. <P>SOLUTION: This culture water purification apparatus equipped with purification materials for removing solid contents and dissolved ingredients in culture water comprises its purification apparatus body 14 in which upper and lower water flow ports 36, 38 are formed, porous plates 40, 42 and 44 for vertically partitioning the inside of the purification apparatus body 14 into a plurality of spaces, purification materials loaded on the lower porous plate 42 (or the porous plate 44) to form a prescribed space between the lower porous plate 42 (or the porous plate 44) and the upper porous plate 40 (or the porous plate 42) in the partitioned spaces, and a city water distribution line 18 for forming an upward purification water flow from the lower water flow port 38 of the purification apparatus body 14 to the upper water flow port 36. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a purification device and a method for operating the purification device, and more particularly to a purification method, a purification device, and a maintenance method for the purification device of ornamental fish, edible fish, or aquatic animals grown in freshwater or seawater.

  Conventionally, as a material for removing ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen contained in water (bred water) in aquaculture animals, nitrifying bacteria (ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, nitrite, etc.) have been used as filters, sponges, porous ceramics, etc. Adhesion-type purification materials with naturally attached (oxidizing bacteria) are used. Such an adhesion-type purification material is formed, for example, by putting a filter, sponge, porous ceramic, or the like into a water tank or an external purification device that circulates breeding water and bringing it into contact with the breeding water.

  In general, the attachment-type purification material does not have a purification performance for removing ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, and the like in the breeding water unless nitrifying bacteria are sufficiently adhered to the material. For this reason, the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the breeding water rises until nitrifying bacteria sufficiently adhere to the material, specifically, for about 2 to 4 weeks. Even if ammonia nitrogen can be decomposed, only nitrite can be oxidized in the initial stage, so that nitrite nitrogen, which is more toxic than ammonia nitrogen, tends to accumulate in the breeding water. Further, it takes about 2 to 4 weeks for nitrite-oxidizing bacteria to adhere to the material to oxidize nitrite nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen with relatively low toxicity. That is, after installing the material in the aquarium, the water quality is unfavorable for aquatic animals for 2 weeks to 2 months.

  As a countermeasure, for example, Patent Document 1 proposes a purification filter for sheet-like fish and aquatic animals in which carbonized cotton is immersed in a septic tank inhabiting nitrifying bacteria and is naturally implanted and fixed. Since this purification filter is installed in the water tank in a state where nitrifying bacteria have been previously implanted, it is said that purification performance can be exhibited immediately.

  By the way, in the purification device, in addition to removing harmful dissolved components such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen as described above, it is necessary to physically scrape biological excrement and residual feed, withered aquatic plants, etc. as solid content There is. Such solid contamination is scraped by placing a wool mat, granular, ring-shaped filter medium, or the like in front of a porous filter medium to which nitrifying bacteria or the like for removing dissolved components are attached.

  Since the filter medium is easily clogged with solid matter dirt, the flow path in the purification apparatus is blocked, resulting in a problem that the purification ability is lowered and purification is impossible. For this reason, it is necessary to periodically replace the wool mat, and periodically take out and wash the granular or ring-shaped filter medium, and the maintenance is troublesome. In addition, relatively fine solids may pass through the filter medium without being captured, and may contaminate the porous filter medium to which nitrifying bacteria and the like are adhered. For this reason, it was necessary to periodically wash the porous filter medium.

  However, when the porous filter medium to which nitrifying bacteria and the like are attached is washed with tap water, the nitrifying bacteria and the like may be killed by a chlorine component contained in the tap water, or the nitrifying bacteria may be washed away by excessive washing. For this reason, even if the washed porous filter medium is installed in the purification apparatus, there is a problem that the purification performance of ammonia and the like is reduced until microorganisms such as nitrifying bacteria grow again. For this reason, when washing porous filter media with attached nitrifying bacteria, use water that is harmless to nitrifying bacteria, such as breeding water and chlorine-neutralized tap water, and do not wash away nitrifying bacteria too much. Had to be washed carefully.

  In addition, pathogenic fungi harmful to aquatic animals may accumulate in the purification apparatus. For this reason, when the filtering medium is repeatedly put in and out in the above-described cleaning operation, the pathogenic bacteria that have been deposited or settled may float and may cause the pathogenic bacteria to flow into the water tank when the purification apparatus is restarted. Therefore, after performing maintenance such as cleaning operation of the purification apparatus, nitrifying bacteria and the like have been reduced or pathogenic bacteria etc. have often caused adverse effects on aquatic animals.

On the other hand, in order to reduce the maintenance of the purification device, there is a method in which physical removal of solids and decomposition removal of dissolved components are provided as separate devices (for example, Patent Document 2).
JP 2005-117925 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-138194

  However, the method of Patent Document 2 has a problem that the flow resistance increases due to an increase in the number of filter media and the addition of a device, so that the load on the circulation pump also increases and the operation cost increases.

  Moreover, since it is not necessary to attach nitrifying bacteria etc. to the filtration container installed separately, after removing a container once, tap water etc. can be passed reversely at the time of normal operation (back washing). However, as shown in FIG. 11, various filter media (wool mat 4, porous filter media 5, ring-shaped filter media 6, etc.) are packed in the conventional filtration container 2 without gaps, It was difficult to sufficiently remove the dirt sandwiched between the filter media, and the filter media had to be removed from the filtration container 2 and washed.

  Thus, the maintenance of the purification device is difficult, troublesome and time-consuming for the breeder. In addition, aquatic animals may become sick or die after the cleaning operation, which makes the breeding itself difficult and troublesome, and has become a factor that breeding enthusiasts do not settle.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a purification device and a method of operating the purification device that can easily perform maintenance work such as cleaning.

  In order to achieve the above object, claim 1 of the present invention is a breeding water purification apparatus equipped with a purification material for removing solids and dissolved components in the breeding water, wherein water inlets are formed in the upper part and the lower part. A purifying device body, a perforated plate that divides the purifying device body into a plurality of spaces in the vertical direction, and a lower gap in the plurality of partitioned spaces by providing a predetermined gap between the upper perforated plate. A purification material placed on a plate, and an upward flow generating means for generating an upward flow of washing water from a lower water inlet of the purification apparatus main body to an upper water outlet, A device for purifying breeding water is provided.

  According to the first aspect, the purification device is partitioned into a plurality of spaces by the perforated plate in the vertical direction, and the purification material is placed so as to provide a predetermined gap between the perforated plate in each of the partitioned spaces. And an upward flow generating means for generating an upward flow of the washing water. As a result, when the purification material is washed with the upward flow of the washing water, the purification material can be floated and flowed in each space, and the washing efficiency can be dramatically improved.

  A second aspect of the present invention is the method according to the first aspect, wherein the upward flow generation means communicates with a water flow opening at a lower portion of the purifier main body, supplies a wash water supply channel for supplying the wash water, and A cleaning water recovery channel that communicates with the water flow port and recovers the cleaning water is provided.

  In claim 2, for example, the cleaning water supply flow path is connected to a water supply or a tank in which water is stored, and the cleaning water recovery flow path is connected to a drainage mechanism (drain), a recovery tank, or the like.

  A third aspect of the present invention provides the breeding water introduction channel according to the first or second aspect, wherein the water tank for breeding aquatic animals communicates with the upper water passage, and the breeding water introduction channel for introducing the breeding water from the upper part of the purifier main body, and the water tank. A breeding water return channel for communicating the purified breeding water from the lower part of the purification device main body into the water tank, the washing water supply channel and the breeding water return The first switching means for switching the flow path and the second switching means for switching the washing water recovery flow path and the breeding water introduction flow path are provided.

  According to claim 3, each water inlet formed in the upper part and the lower part of the purifier is used in both the normal operation for passing the breeding water and the backwash operation for flowing the washing water, and switching between the two. This is performed by the first and second switching means. Thereby, the operation mode can be quickly switched in a space-saving manner.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the purifier main body according to any one of the first to third aspects, the gap is 5 to 20% with respect to a height of each space partitioned by the perforated plate. Features.

  According to the fourth aspect, by providing the gap in the above range, the purification material can be effectively levitated and flowed in each space when the upward flow of the washing water is generated. Therefore, dirt such as solids adhering to the purification material can be lifted, and the cleaning efficiency can be improved.

  A fifth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, a plurality of spaces formed by the perforated plates are provided with partition plates that partition the spaces in parallel to the water direction. .

  If the purification material is levitated in each space by the upward flow of the washing water, there may be a bias in sedimentation and sedimentation. According to the fifth aspect, in each space, the purification material is floated and settled uniformly in the space formed by the partition plate that is partitioned in parallel with the water flow direction. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of uneven flow in the cross section in the water flow direction and to flow the washing water uniformly.

  A sixth aspect of the present invention is the method according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the purification material is one or more types of filtration materials that filter solids in the breeding water, and is placed below the filtration materials. And a entrapping immobilization carrier on which a microorganism that decomposes dissolved components in the breeding water is immobilized.

  Thus, even when wash water that is relatively damaging to microorganisms, such as tap water containing a chlorine component, is used, the wash water hardly penetrates into the entrapping immobilization support. For this reason, damage to microorganisms can be minimized.

  Claim 7 of the present invention is an operation method of the purification device for breeding water according to any one of claims 1 to 6, in order to achieve the above object, wherein the breeding water is disposed from above the purification device main body. The first step of discharging the breeding water purified by the purification material from the lower portion of the purification device main body and returning it to the water tank, and introducing cleaning water from the lower portion of the purification device main body, And a second step of cleaning the purification material by generating an upward flow in the purification apparatus main body by discharging from the upper part of the main body. .

  An eighth aspect according to the seventh aspect is characterized in that, in the purification device main body, the gap is 5 to 20% with respect to a height of each space partitioned by the perforated plate.

  According to the eighth aspect, when the space composed of the gap is formed, the purification material is floated (flowing and agitated) in each space when the upward flow of the cleaning water is generated. Therefore, dirt such as solids adhering to the purification material can be lifted, and the cleaning efficiency can be improved.

  The gap formed between the perforated plate and the purification material is more preferably 10 to 15% with respect to the height of each space.

  A ninth aspect of the present invention according to the seventh or eighth aspect is that, in the water passages formed in the upper and lower portions of the purifier main body, there are a breeding water circulation channel through which breeding water circulates and a washing water circulation channel through which washing water circulates. In addition to the communication, the first and second steps are characterized in that the washing water circulation channel and the breeding water circulation channel are switched by a channel switching means.

  According to the ninth aspect, it is possible to easily switch between the breeding water purification operation and the purification material washing operation by the switching operation of the flow path switching means.

A tenth aspect according to any one of the seventh to ninth aspects, wherein in the first step,
The solid content in the breeding water is separated and removed by one or more kinds of filtering materials, and then the dissolved components other than the solid content are decomposed by a entrapping immobilization carrier in which microorganisms are entrapped and immobilized in an immobilization material. .

  An eleventh aspect is characterized in that in any one of the seventh to tenth aspects, the washing water is tap water.

  Thus, even when wash water with relatively large damage to microorganisms is used, such as tap water containing a chlorine component or the like, the wash water hardly penetrates into the entrapping immobilization support. For this reason, damage to microorganisms can be minimized.

  According to the present invention, maintenance work such as cleaning can be easily performed.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a purification device and a method for operating the purification device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an aspect of the purification device system 10 of the present invention. The purification device system 10 of the present embodiment is a sealed or sealed external type in which various purification materials (filter medium, etc.) are loaded into a cylindrical container, the breeding water is taken from the aquarium, and the purified breeding water is returned to the aquarium by pump power. It is a purification method called.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the purification device system 10 of the present invention mainly includes a purification device main body 14 that purifies the breeding water in the aquarium 12, a breeding water circulation line 16 that communicates the water tank 12 and the purification device main body 14, A tap water distribution line 18 (upward flow generating means) for passing cleaning water through the purifier main body 14 is provided.

  The purification device main body 14 stores various purification materials for removing solids and dissolved components contained in the breeding water. Further, water inlets (not shown) for introducing or discharging breeding water or tap water (washing water) are formed in the upper and lower parts of the purification device main body 14, respectively. The purification device main body 14 may be a commercially available dual-structure upper water supply / drainage type, but is preferably configured such that the water flow passing through the purification material (filter medium) flows from top to bottom. The configuration of the purification device main body 14 will be described in detail later.

The breeding water circulation line 16 communicates the water tank 12 and the upper part of the purification device main body 14, and brings the breeding water introduction flow path 20 for introducing the breeding water into the purification device main body 14, the lower part of the purification device main body 14, and the water tank 12. There is provided a breeding water return channel 22 that communicates and returns purified breeding water to the water tank 12.
A watering mechanism is provided at the end of the breeding water return channel 22, and purified breeding water is sprayed into the aquarium 12.

  The tap water distribution line 18 communicates the water supply with the lower part of the purifier main body 14 and introduces tap water (wash water) 24 into the purifier main body 14 into the purifier main body 14. A tap water recovery channel 26 (washing water recovery channel) is provided that communicates the upper portion of the purification device main body 14 with the drain and discards or collects tap water that has passed through the purification device main body 14.

  The breeding water introduction channel 20 and the tap water recovery channel 26 are configured to be switchable by a three-way valve 28 (valves 28a, 28b and 28c). The breeding water return channel 22 and the tap water supply channel 24 are: The three-way valve 30 (valves 30a, 30b and 30c) is configured to be switchable.

  Thereby, for example, the breeding water circulation line 16 can be formed by opening the valves 28a, 28b, 30a, and 30b and closing the valves 28b and 30c. Moreover, the tap water distribution line 18 can be formed by opening the valves 28b, 28c, 30b and 30c and closing the valves 28a and 30a. In this way, the breeding water circulation line 16 and the tap water circulation line 18 can be switched by the three-way valves 28 and 30.

  A pump 32 for feeding the breeding water is provided on the breeding water return channel 22 downstream of the three-way valve 30. The liquid feed pump 26 is not particularly limited as long as it can stably feed breeding water. For example, a magnet pump or the like can be used. Also, a liquid feed pump installed directly on the purification device main body 14 can be used.

  Although it does not specifically limit as washing water, In addition to the tap water of this embodiment, the water and breeding water of another stored water tank can also be used.

  2 is a perspective view showing the purification device main body 14 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of FIG. FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view for explaining constituent members in the purification device main body 14 of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2, water inlets 36 and 38 for passing breeding water or washing water are formed in the upper part and the lower part of the purification apparatus main body 14, respectively, and from the upper side to the lower side inside the purification apparatus main body 14. A plurality of perforated plates 40, 42, 44, and 46 that partition into a plurality of spaces are provided. In each space partitioned by the plurality of perforated plates, a ring-shaped filter medium 50 for filtering solids, a granular filter medium 52 (purification material) such as gravel, and a dissolved component such as ammoniacal nitrogen are sequentially provided from above. A entrapping immobilization carrier 54 (purification material) on which nitrifying bacteria to be removed are immobilized is housed. The upper water inlet 36 may be provided at the upper center of the purifier main body 14 and is not particularly limited.

  In the present invention, when cleaning materials such as the ring-shaped filter medium 50, the granular filter medium 52, and the entrapping immobilization support 54 are washed, an upward flow of tap water is generated, and the purification material is allowed to float in each space. It becomes important. For this reason, a space (gap) for allowing the purification material to float or flow is provided between the purification material and the perforated plate that partitions each space.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the purification material is placed uniformly in the cross-sectional direction of the purification device main body 14, and the height h of the gap between the upper surface of the purification material and the upper porous plate 40 is The height H of each space is about 5 to 20%, preferably about 10 to 15%.

  As the ring-shaped filter medium 50, a relatively coarse solid content is removed. For example, Tetra EX ring (Tetra Japan Co., Ltd.) can be used.

  As the particulate filter medium 52, a relatively fine solid content that could not be captured by the ring-shaped filter medium 50 is removed. For example, gravel having a particle diameter of about 2 to 5 mm can be preferably used.

  The entrapping immobilization carrier 54 is obtained by entrapping and immobilizing microorganisms such as nitrifying bacteria on an immobilization material. For example, a 3 mm square cubic shape can be used.

  The entrapping immobilization carrier 54 is polymerized by adding a polymerization initiator such as potassium persulfate to a mixed liquid in which microorganisms such as activated sludge and an immobilization material are mixed. At this time, the polymerization temperature is preferably 15 to 40 ° C, more preferably 20 to 30 ° C. The polymerization time is preferably 1 to 60 minutes, and more preferably 1.5 to 60 minutes. Thereafter, the carrier that has been polymerized and gelled is cut into, for example, a square shape of about 3 mm square, whereby the entrapping immobilization carrier 54 can be obtained.

  The microorganism is not limited to activated sludge, and a purely cultured microorganism may be used. Examples of the type of microorganism include BOD component oxidizing bacteria, dioxin degrading bacteria, bisphenol A degrading bacteria, blue-green degrading bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, and the like. In the present invention, ammonia oxidizing bacteria, nitrite oxidizing bacteria, organic matter-decomposing bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and the like can be mentioned from the viewpoint of purifying water in a breeding aquarium for breeding ornamental fish and the like.

  The immobilization material is not particularly limited, and for example, polyethylene glycol-based or polyvinyl alcohol-based polymers are used. Specifically, the content ratio of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide is 7: 3, and the end group is A prepolymer having a molecular weight of 1000 to 10,000 which is diacrylate can be used. In addition, polyethylene glycol acrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol methacrylate, and the like can also be used. The molding method is not particularly limited, and a block molding method, a sheet molding method, a tube molding method, a dropping granulation method, and the like can be employed.

  In order to prevent the particulate filter medium 52 and the entrapping immobilization support 54 from passing through the holes of the perforated plates 44 and 46, a mesh having a pore diameter on which the particulate filter medium 52 and the entrapping immobilization support 54 do not pass is provided on the perforated plates 44 and 46. 56 and 56 are preferably provided.

  As for the design of the perforated plates 40, 42, 44, and 46, as long as the purification material to be placed can pass the breeding water or tap water uniformly in the cross section in the water direction without passing through the holes, FIG. It is not limited to the form shown in. Further, the perforated plates 40, 42, 44, and 46 may be cage-like containers whose bottoms are perforated plates or nets.

  In each space, a plurality of partition plates 58, 60, 62 and a rectifying plate 64 are provided in the vertical direction. Thereby, during the cleaning operation of the purification material, the purification material is caused to float and flow uniformly in the further divided space, and uneven deposition and sedimentation are suppressed when the operation is stopped. In addition, the layout and the number of installation of the partition plates 58, 60, and 62 are not limited to the forms shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 and can be changed as necessary. Further, the current plate 64 may be installed as necessary.

  Next, the operation method of the purification apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6 using the purification apparatus system 10 configured as described above. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view for explaining the direction of water flow in each operation mode, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory view for explaining the operation in the purification device main body 14. Among these, FIG. 6 (A) is during the purification operation of the breeding water (normal operation), and FIG. 6 (B) is during the cleaning operation of the purification material (back washing operation). In the purification device main body 14, a space defined by the porous plates 40 and 42 is defined as a filtration chamber A, and a space defined by the porous plates 42 and 44 is defined as a filtration chamber B and defined by the porous plates 44 and 46. Let the space be a filtration chamber C.

  In the breeding water purification operation (normal operation), as shown in FIG. 5, the valves 28a and 28b and the valves 30a and 30b are opened, and the valves 28c and 30c are closed. Thereby, the breeding water circulation line 16 including the breeding water introduction channel 20 and the breeding water return channel 22 is formed.

  Next, the liquid feeding pump 26 is operated, and the breeding water in the water tank 12 is introduced from the upper part of the purification device main body 14 through the breeding water introduction channel 20, and the purified breeding water is discharged from the lower part of the purification device main body 14. At the same time, it is returned to the water tank 12 through the breeding water return channel 22 (shaded arrow).

  At this time, the breeding water flows from the upper side to the lower side in the purification device main body 14 as shown in FIG. In this process, a relatively large solid content is removed by the ring-shaped filter medium 50 in the filtration chamber A, and then a relatively fine solid content is removed by the particulate filter medium 52 in the filtration chamber B (in FIG. Is shown in black solids (the same applies to the following figures). The breeding water from which the solid content has been removed in the filtration chambers A and B is decomposed and removed by the nitrifying bacteria and the like in the entrapping immobilization carrier 54 in the filtration chamber C. In this way, the breeding water from which the dissolved components such as solid content and ammonia nitrogen are removed is discharged from the lower part of the purification device main body 14.

  If the operation of purifying the breeding water is continued in this manner, the amount of solids captured in the purification device main body 14 is increased and the flow path resistance is also increased, so that the specified purification treatment capability is not exhibited. At this time, the purification operation is temporarily stopped, and the operation is switched to the following purification material cleaning operation (back washing operation).

  That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the valves 28a and 28c and the valves 30a and 30c are opened, and the valves 28b and 30b are closed. Thereby, the tap water distribution line 18 provided with the tap water supply channel 24 and the tap water recovery channel 26 is formed.

  Next, tap water is supplied from the water supply through the tap water supply flow path 24 from the lower part of the purification apparatus main body 14 and discarded from the upper part of the purification apparatus main body 14 to the drain through the tap water recovery flow path 26 (white). Arrow).

  At this time, in the purification apparatus main body 14, as shown in FIG. 6B, tap water flows from the lower side toward the upper side. Along with this, purification materials such as the ring-shaped filter medium 50, the granular filter medium 52 such as gravel, and the entrapping immobilization support 54 emerge in the filtration chambers A to C. Due to the upward flow of tap water and the rising of the purification material, the dirt adhering to the purification material and the dirt clogged between the purification materials also rise and finally pass through the holes of the perforated plate 40. The dirt that has passed is discharged to the drain together with tap water from the water inlet 36 at the top of the purification device main body 14. In addition, from the viewpoint of detergency, it is preferable that the flow rate of tap water is larger than that during the purification operation of breeding water (normal operation), and more than about 5 times the flow rate of breeding water in normal operation. preferable.

  Thus, by providing a predetermined gap between adjacent perforated plates in each filtration chamber, the purification material can be floated and settled, and the cleaning efficiency can be greatly improved.

  Further, in the cleaning operation (back washing operation) of the purification material, the purification material once floated as shown in FIG. 7A becomes uneven in height when deposited and settled as shown in FIG. 7B. This causes a distribution in the filtration flow path resistance, which may cause a drift.

  In order to avoid this, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 8, each space is partitioned by partition plates 58, 60 and 62, and the filling range of the purification material is finely divided. As a result, the purification material ascends uniformly as shown in FIG. 8A and deposits and settles uniformly as shown in FIG. 8B. In this way, since the purification material is caused to float and flow uniformly in the divided spaces, it is possible to suppress uneven deposition and sedimentation, and to suppress the occurrence of uneven flow. Moreover, it can suppress that a drift arises in a cross-sectional direction by rectifying the tap water which flows into the perforated panel 46 with the rectifying plate 64.

  Further, in the cleaning operation (back washing operation) of the purification material, the entrapping immobilization carrier 54 is directly exposed to tap water, but the tap water hardly penetrates into the entrapping immobilization carrier 54 and nitrification inside. Microorganisms such as bacteria are not easily damaged by the chlorine component of tap water. In addition, since the entrapping immobilization carrier 54 retains microorganisms at a high concentration, even if the microorganism is killed by a chlorine component contained in tap water, a sufficient amount of bacteria can be retained. For this reason, the decomposing activity of the entrapping immobilization carrier 54 is not drastically reduced, and the purification performance can be sufficiently exhibited even after the normal operation (bred water purification operation) is resumed.

  Thus, according to this embodiment, when cleaning the inside of the purification apparatus main body 14, it is only necessary to perform a simple flow path switching operation, and it is not necessary to open the purification apparatus main body 14 and take out the purification material for cleaning. . For this reason, the maintenance work of the purification device can be easily performed without bothering to take out the purification material and not getting the operator's hands dirty.

  In addition, by using a entrapping immobilization support that retains microorganisms, even if the entrapping immobilization support is directly exposed to tap water, it can be stably maintained without dramatically reducing the purification performance before and after maintenance work. be able to.

  In the above embodiment, the tap water supply channel 24 is directly connected to the water supply and tap water is used as cleaning water. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and breeding water is used as cleaning water. Also good. FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram illustrating another aspect of the purification device system 10 according to the present invention.

  The purification device system 10 ′ of FIG. 9 is configured in the same manner as in FIG. 6 except that the water supply and tap water supply flow path 24 is removed and a pump 26 ′ capable of forward / reverse operation is disposed instead of the liquid feed pump 26. .

  Accordingly, in the cleaning operation mode, the pump 26 ′ capable of forward / reverse operation is operated in the direction opposite to that during normal operation, so that the breeding water in the water tank 12 is purified through the tap water supply channel 24 ′. (White arrow). The breeding water purification operation (normal operation) is the same as described above, and therefore the description thereof is omitted (shaded arrows).

  Thus, by using the breeding water as the washing water, the purification material can be washed without damaging the entrapping immobilization carrier on which the microorganisms are immobilized. As the pump 26 ′ capable of forward / reverse operation, for example, a tube pump, a gear pump (gear pump), an axial flow pump or the like can be preferably used.

  FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram for explaining another aspect of the purification device main body 14.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the water inlet 36 at the upper part of the purifier main body 14 is narrowed, and the lid member 68 in which the water vent 36 is formed is formed to rotate with respect to the purifier main body 14 by the rotating means 70. It is preferable.

  That is, in the cleaning operation of the purification material (back cleaning operation), dirt such as solids collected in the uppermost porous plate 40 is sucked from the upper water inlet 36. For this reason, by narrowing the water inlet 36, the discharge flow rate and suction force of tap water are increased, and the lid member 68 in which the water inlet 36 is formed is rotated with respect to the purifier main body 14, thereby removing the dirt as a whole. So that it can be sucked out. The rotating means 70 is not particularly limited, and for example, a gear that communicates with a manual handle, a dedicated motor that rotates at a low speed, a mechanism that communicates with a pump drive motor via a reduction gear, and the like can be employed.

  As mentioned above, although preferable embodiment of the purification device which concerns on this invention, and the operating method of a purification device was described, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, Various aspects can be taken.

  For example, in each of the above embodiments, an example in which a soluble component such as ammonia nitrogen in the breeding water is removed by the entrapping immobilization carrier is described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a carrier or a filter medium to which microorganisms are attached may be used. Good.

  In addition, switching from normal operation (breeding water purification operation) to backwash operation (purification material cleaning operation) is performed by sensing the blockage of the flow path in the purification device main body 14 as follows and automatically. You may make it perform. As a sensing method, for example, a method of monitoring the flow rate of the reared breeding water discharged from the breeding water return channel 26, a method of measuring the light transmittance and the like by configuring the purifier main body 14 with a transparent container. Or a method of mounting a timer function.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although it shared with a part of flow path of the breeding water circulation line 16 and the tap water distribution line 18, and it was set as the structure which switches a flow path by the three-way valves 28 and 30, it is not limited to this, For example, The breeding water circulation line 16 and the tap water circulation line 18 may be configured to be independent from each other.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the support | carrier containing microorganisms as a purification | cleaning material and the filter medium which removes solid content were shown together in the same container (purification apparatus main body 14), both were accommodated in a separate container. Even when connected in series, the operation method of the present invention can be applied.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although tap water was flowed from the bottom to the top in the backwash operation, backwashing can also be performed while mixing air with tap water at this time. Thereby, the cleaning efficiency can be further improved. As a method of mixing air into water, for example, a method using the Venturi principle can be applied.

It is a key map showing one mode of purification device system 10 of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the purification apparatus main body of FIG. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view explaining the structural member in the purification apparatus main body of FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the water flow direction in each operation mode of FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the effect | action in the purification apparatus main body of FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the effect | action in the purification apparatus main body of FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the effect | action in the purification apparatus main body of FIG. It is a conceptual diagram explaining another aspect of the purification apparatus system which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining another aspect of the purification apparatus main body of FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the conventional purification apparatus main body.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10, 10 '... Purification apparatus system, 12 ... Water tank, 14 ... Purification apparatus main body, 16 ... Breeding water circulation line, 18 ... Tap water distribution line, 20 ... Breeding water introduction flow path, 22 ... Breeding water return flow path, 24 ... Tap water supply channel, 26 ... Tap water recovery channel, 28, 30 ... Three-way valve, 28a, 28b, 28c, 30a, 30b, 30c ... Valve, 40, 42, 44, 46 ... Perforated plate, 50 ... Ring shape Filter medium, 52 ... granular filter medium, 54 ... inclusion immobilization carrier, 58, 60, 62 ... partition plate, 64 ... current plate

Claims (11)

A breeding water purification device equipped with a purification material that removes solids and dissolved components from the breeding water,
A purification device main body with water inlets formed in the upper and lower parts;
A perforated plate for partitioning the inside of the purification device main body into a plurality of spaces in the vertical direction;
In the plurality of partitioned spaces, a purification material placed on the lower porous plate with a predetermined gap between the upper porous plate, and
An upward flow generating means for generating an upward flow of washing water from the lower water inlet to the upper water outlet of the purifier main body;
A device for purifying breeding water, comprising: The upward flow generating means is
A cleaning water supply channel that communicates with the water inlet at the bottom of the purification device main body and supplies the cleaning water;
A cleaning water recovery flow path that communicates with the water inlet at the top of the purification device body and recovers the cleaning water;
The apparatus for purifying breeding water according to claim 1, comprising: A breeding water introduction channel for introducing the breeding water from the upper part of the purifier main body, communicating the water tank for breeding aquatic animals and the upper water passage,
A breeding water return channel for communicating the water tank and the lower water passage, and returning the purified breeding water from the lower part of the purifier main body to the water tank;
First switching means for switching between the washing water supply channel and the breeding water return channel;
A second switching means for switching between the washing water recovery channel and the breeding water introduction channel;
The apparatus for purifying breeding water according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising: In the purification device body,
The said clearance gap is 5 to 20% with respect to the height of each space divided by the said perforated plate, The purification apparatus of breeding water of any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The breeding water purification according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of spaces formed by the perforated plates are provided with partition plates that partition the spaces in parallel in the vertical direction. apparatus. As the purification material,
One or more kinds of filtration materials for filtering solids in the breeding water;
A entrapping immobilization carrier that is charged below the filtration material and fixed with microorganisms that decompose dissolved components in the breeding water;
The apparatus for purifying breeding water according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising: It is the driving | running method of the purification apparatus of breeding water of any one of Claims 1-6,
A first step of introducing the breeding water from the upper part of the purification apparatus main body, discharging the breeding water purified by a purification material from the lower part of the purification apparatus main body, and returning it to the water tank;
A second step of introducing cleaning water from the lower portion of the purification device main body and discharging the cleaning water from the upper portion of the purification device main body to cause an upward flow in the purification device main body to wash the purification material;
A method for operating a purification apparatus comprising: In the purification device body,
The said clearance gap is 5 to 20% with respect to the height of each space divided by the said perforated plate, The operating method of the purification apparatus of Claim 7 characterized by the above-mentioned. A breeding water circulation channel through which breeding water circulates and a washing water circulation channel through which washing water circulates through the water inlets formed in the upper and lower parts of the purifier main body, and the first and second steps. The operation method of the purification device according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the washing water circulation channel and the breeding water circulation channel are switched by a channel switching means. In the first step,
After separating and removing solids in the breeding water with one or more kinds of filtering materials,
The operation method of the purification apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein a dissolved component other than the solid content is decomposed by a entrapping immobilization support in which microorganisms are entrapped and immobilized in an immobilization material.   The operation method of the purification apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the washing water is tap water.

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