JP2003071277A - Ultrasonic chemical reaction method and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus for enhancing the reaction efficiency of a chemical reaction apparatus utilizing ultrasonic waves without especially requiring an external device such as a pump, a stirrer. SOLUTION: The acoustic flow of a reaction solution generated by the irradiation with ultrasonic waves is positively circulated in a reactor. For example, a circulation auxiliary member 5a for efficiently circulating the acoustic flow of the reaction solution 4 is provided on a vibrator 2 in the reactor 1 so as to leave a predetermined distance.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for improving the efficiency of a chemical reaction utilizing ultrasonic waves, and more specifically, to a reaction solution of a reaction solution without the need for an external device such as a pump or a stirring device. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an ultrasonic chemical reaction method and apparatus capable of causing a flow.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Using ultrasonic waves, oxidation, reduction, polymerization,
It is widely practiced to promote various chemical reactions such as decomposition and synthesis. Various proposals have also been made for methods and devices therefor. However, the conventional chemical reaction by ultrasonic waves takes time until the unreacted solution is supplied to the reaction field because the chemical reaction field is limited and localized around the ultrasonic vibrator. However, there was a problem that the reaction efficiency was low.

As a conventional technique for solving such a problem, there is a method of physically stirring a solution in a reaction vessel in order to accelerate the reaction. Even in the ultrasonic chemical reaction, a pump, a stirring device, or the like is used. Efficiency is improved by forcibly circulating and stirring the reaction solution using an external device.

As another method, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) 2
In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 000-84403, a solution inlet is attached to an upper portion of a reaction vessel, and a vibration plate is attached to a bottom portion of a reaction vessel having an outlet for letting out a solution leaked from the reaction vessel. There is disclosed a method and an apparatus in which an ultrasonic vibrator is mounted on the reaction vessel, ultrasonic waves are applied to the reaction container from the vibrator, and a reaction is performed while using a reflecting plate.

[0005]

However, among the above-mentioned conventional techniques, the method of forcibly circulating and stirring the reaction solution using an external device such as a pump or a stirring device makes it difficult to damage the external device or make maintenance difficult. However, there is a problem that the device becomes complicated. Further, providing the device inside the reaction container itself also hinders the progress of the ultrasonic waves, so that there is a problem that the reaction efficiency is reduced.

Further, in the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-84403, the reaction solution can be continuously treated to cause an efficient reaction as such, but an unreacted solution remains. There is a problem that it may not be enough to cause a chemical reaction efficiently depending on the frequency, and when the chemical reaction using only ultrasonic waves does not sufficiently increase the efficiency. Sometimes had to use other means together.

Therefore, the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and makes it possible to improve the efficiency of chemical reaction utilizing ultrasonic waves without requiring an external device such as a pump or a stirring device. The purpose is to provide a device.

[0008]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The inventors of the present invention have made diligent studies to solve the above-mentioned problems. As a result, the so-called acoustic flow, which is the flow of the reaction solution generated by ultrasonic irradiation, is utilized, and in particular, an external device is used. The inventors have found that the reaction solution can be moved even without it, and completed the present invention.

That is, the ultrasonic chemical reaction method of the present invention is a chemical reaction method in which a reaction solution containing a component that causes a chemical reaction by ultrasonic waves is irradiated with ultrasonic waves.
The acoustic flow of the reaction solution generated by ultrasonic irradiation is actively circulated in the reaction container, and the unreacted solution is supplied to the chemical reaction field.

[0010] Some of the preferred method aspects of the present invention are to perform active circulation of the acoustic stream by installing a circulation assisting member in the reaction vessel, and Circulation is performed by arranging the arrangement of the oscillator that oscillates ultrasonic waves in the reaction container at a biased position in the reaction container.
That is, a plurality of oscillators that oscillate ultrasonic waves are attached to the reaction container, and the outputs of the ultrasonic waves oscillated from these oscillators are made different from each other.

As a result, a reaction solution flows by an acoustic flow in the reaction vessel, so that unreacted solutions can move to the chemical reaction field on the oscillator one after another, and the reaction efficiency can be improved.

On the other hand, the ultrasonic chemical reaction apparatus of the present invention comprises a vibrator for oscillating ultrasonic waves, an oscillator for driving the vibrator,
An ultrasonic chemical reaction device equipped with this oscillator and equipped with a reaction container into which a reaction solution is injected, which generates a chemical reaction by irradiating the reaction solution with ultrasonic waves. It is an ultrasonic chemical reaction device characterized by having a mechanism for positively circulating a flow in a reaction vessel.

Some preferred embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention are those in which a circulation auxiliary member is provided in the reaction vessel as a mechanism for actively circulating the acoustic flow of the reaction solution.
Further, the circulation auxiliary member has a cylindrical shape with both ends open, is provided with a certain distance to the vibrator, and is provided such that the inner surface of the cylinder is perpendicular to the vibration surface of the vibrator. In addition, the circulation auxiliary member is a device which is provided with a certain distance to the vibrator and is provided so that the surface of the circulation auxiliary member facing the vibration surface of the vibrator is inclined.

With this, it is not necessary to provide a physical stirring device or the like inside the reaction container, so that the structure of the device is simple and can be manufactured at low cost, and the maintainability is excellent.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of the ultrasonic chemical reaction apparatus of the present invention. The reaction apparatus shown in FIG. 1 includes an oscillator 2 that oscillates ultrasonic waves, an oscillator 3 that drives the oscillator 2, a reaction container 1 to which the oscillator 2 is attached and a reaction solution 4 is injected, and the reaction solution 4, a cylindrical circulation auxiliary member 5a for efficiently circulating the acoustic flow of the reaction solution.
Is equipped with.

The circulation assisting member 5a has a cylindrical shape and is open at both ends thereof, and has a certain distance d from the vibrating surface of the vibrator 2, and the inner surface with respect to the vibrating surface of the vibrator 2. Are connected and fixed to the reaction container 1 by fasteners (not shown) so as to be vertical, and are arranged right above the vibrator 2. In the present invention, as the material of the circulation assisting member 5a, a material that does not absorb ultrasonic waves and has a different acoustic impedance from the reaction solution (usually water), specifically, SU
It is preferably made of metal such as S.

Further, as the vibrator 2, a conventionally known ultrasonic vibrator is used and is not particularly limited. The vibrator 2 may be arranged inside the reaction container 1 as in the present embodiment, or may be arranged outside or on the side of the container.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
The reaction container 1 is filled with the sample solution 4, and the ultrasonic oscillator 3
And the ultrasonic wave irradiation is started from the vibrator 2. Then, the reaction solution 4 causes a flow by acoustic flow in the cylindrical circulation auxiliary member 5a, and actively circulates as shown by an arrow A. As a result, the solution containing the unreacted substance is carried to the reaction field on the vibrator 2, and the reaction of the reaction solution 4 can be promoted. This makes it possible to improve the reaction efficiency without leaving an unreacted solution even with a solution containing various reactants and without using an ultrasonic wave and without requiring an external device.

In the present invention, the term "acoustic flow" means that "irradiation of ultrasonic waves into a reaction solution causes absorption of acoustic energy in the propagation direction of the sound waves, resulting in a sound pressure difference. That is, "the flow of the solution flowing from the high sound pressure direction to the low sound pressure direction in the propagation direction".

Further, "actively circulating the acoustic stream" means "the mechanism provided in the reaction vessel is used to control the acoustic stream to chemically react the reaction solution without mechanical stirring from the outside. It circulates in the region (reaction field) inside the container.

In the present invention, as a mechanism provided in the reaction vessel which is a means for actively circulating the acoustic flow, basically, the acoustic flow is agitated without stirring the reaction solution. Any mechanism may be used as long as it can be controlled (although there is no problem), but if a circulation assisting member as described above is provided, acoustic flow can be positively created. So effective.

Further, according to this embodiment, since the acoustic flow can be positively circulated by the circulation assisting member 5a, it is not necessary to provide the vibrator 2 on the entire bottom surface of the reaction container 1. That is, usually, the reaction container 1 to which the vibrator 2 is attached
The bottom surface shape of the is matched with the shape of the vibrator 2 in order to minimize the part where ultrasonic waves are hard to reach.
The size of the oscillator itself needs to be an area as close as possible to the bottom area in the reaction vessel. However, in the present embodiment, such consideration is not particularly required and the degree of freedom in designing the apparatus is high. Will increase.

As the frequency of the ultrasonic waves to be radiated,
Frequency of usually about 100KH _Z ~1MH _Z is used, 2
The purpose is sufficiently achieved by adjusting the output up to about 00W.

Further, the shape of the circulation assisting member 5a does not necessarily have to be a cylinder, and the shape of the reaction vessel and the place where the vibrator is installed depend on how the flow of the reaction solution generated by the acoustic flow is circulated in the reaction vessel. Various modes can be adopted according to the above.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the ultrasonic chemical reaction apparatus according to the present invention. In the following description of the embodiments, substantially the same parts as those in the above-mentioned embodiments are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the apparatus shown in FIG. 2, as the circulation auxiliary member 5b, one in which the surface facing the vibrating surface of the vibrator 2 is inclined in a mortar shape in cross section, and the circulation auxiliary member 5b is used in the reaction vessel 1. It is an example attached to the upper part.

According to the present embodiment, the acoustic flow is generated from the vibrator 2 as shown by the arrow B, and the reaction solution 4 is efficiently circulated to improve the reaction efficiency.

As described above, in the present invention, the circulation auxiliary member is not limited to the cylindrical member having both ends opened, and the circulation direction is generated by positively changing the propagation direction of the ultrasonic wave. A circulation auxiliary member having a reflecting surface inclined with respect to the propagation direction of ultrasonic waves can be used. here,
Such a circulation auxiliary member may be installed at a predetermined position in the container so that it can be controlled without obstructing the acoustic flow, and it is preferable to be integrated with the reaction container, but the position and angle can be adjusted. It may be movable.

FIG. 3 shows still another embodiment of the ultrasonic chemical reaction device according to the present invention. The apparatus shown in FIG. 3 is similar to the apparatus shown in FIG. 2, and the circulation auxiliary member 5 has a tapered cross section in which the surface facing the vibration surface of the vibrator 2 is inclined.
In this example, c is used and the circulation assisting member 5c is attached to the upper portion of the reaction vessel 1. According to this example, the acoustic flow is generated from the oscillator 2 as shown by the arrow C, and the reaction solution 4 is efficiently circulated to improve the reaction efficiency.

FIG. 4 shows still another embodiment of the ultrasonic chemical reaction device according to the present invention. The apparatus shown in FIG. 4 is an example in which an acoustic flow is generated by arranging the arrangement of the vibrator 2 attached to the reaction container 1 in a biased position in the reaction container 1 without using a circulation auxiliary member. That is, the oscillator 2
Is not provided in the center of the bottom of the reaction container 1, but only in a part of the periphery. Various arrangements are possible for such uneven distribution, but basically, by doing so, an imbalance occurs in the sound pressure of the reaction solution 4, and the acoustic flow causes an acoustic flow from the oscillator 2 to the arrow D. Occurs, the reaction solution 4 is efficiently circulated, and the reaction efficiency is improved.

As described above, in the present invention, the acoustic flow of the reaction container generated by the ultrasonic irradiation is efficiently generated in the reaction container by arranging the vibrator in a biased position of the reaction container without using the circulation auxiliary member. It can be circulated well. Here, the oscillator 2 may be arranged inside or outside the reaction container, or at the bottom or side.

FIG. 5 shows still another embodiment of the ultrasonic chemical reaction device according to the present invention. The apparatus shown in FIG. 5 is an example in which a plurality of vibrators 2 attached to the reaction container 1 are arranged. That is, the two vibrators 2a and 2b are provided at the bottom of the reaction container 1 substantially symmetrically. Then, by driving these with different outputs, as in the example of FIG. 4, an imbalance occurs in the sound pressure of the reaction solution, and for example, a vibrator 2a with a large output vibrates with a small output as shown by arrow E. Acoustic flow is generated in the direction of the child 2b, and the reaction solution 4
Efficient circulation occurs, and the reaction efficiency is improved. Various arrangements can be made for arranging a plurality of such oscillators 2, and the optimum reaction conditions can be selected according to the reaction solution by adjusting the output of each.

As described above, in the present embodiment, by arranging a plurality of oscillators in the reaction container and driving them with different outputs, the acoustic flow is positively generated from a large output to a small output. By causing
It can be circulated efficiently. Here, the output of different ultrasonic waves may be sequentially and alternately irradiated to the reaction solution over time, or may be simultaneously irradiated, but it is technically difficult to change the output from one transducer. Since it is difficult, it is preferable to provide a plurality of oscillators and connect oscillators to each of them.

In the present invention, the reaction efficiency is sufficiently improved even if only ultrasonic waves are used, but it is of course possible to use other means in combination if necessary. is there. For example, in the treatment of an aqueous solution containing an organic chlorine compound, the reaction efficiency can be further improved by using a combination of microbial decomposition of activated sludge and the like, adsorption by activated carbon and the like, heating evaporation, ultraviolet irradiation and the like.

The range of application of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a reaction solution system containing components that cause a chemical reaction by ultrasonic waves. It is preferably used in various reaction systems such as a protein solution that accelerates, a polymer solution that accelerates depolymerization, and more specifically, the present invention relates to the decomposition of an aqueous solution containing an organic chlorine compound, an aqueous solution containing an endocrine disrupting substance. It is particularly suitably applicable to decomposition and the like.

[0037]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the acoustic flow of the reaction solution generated by the ultrasonic irradiation is positively circulated in the reaction vessel, an external device such as a pump or a stirring device is particularly required. Without doing so, the efficiency of chemical reaction using ultrasonic waves can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an ultrasonic chemical reaction device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the ultrasonic chemical reaction device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing still another embodiment of the ultrasonic chemical reaction device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing still another embodiment of the ultrasonic chemical reaction device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing still another embodiment of the ultrasonic chemical reaction device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 reaction vessel 2, 2a, 2b oscillator 3, 3a, 3b oscillator 4 Reaction solution 5a, 5b, 5c Circulation assisting member A, B, C, D, E Acoustic streaming

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Keiji Yasuda             Aichi Prefecture Nagoya City Chikusa-ku Tashiro-cho character four Kannonmichi east             116-10 Maison Kakuoyamazuki Palace 8-20 F-term (reference) 4G075 AA13 AA61 BA05 BA06 BA10                       BD10 BD15 CA23 DA01 EA01                       EB01 EC09 EC10 FB02                 5D107 BB04 FF08

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. In a chemical reaction method of irradiating ultrasonic waves to a reaction solution containing a component which causes a chemical reaction by ultrasonic waves, an acoustic flow of the reaction solution generated by ultrasonic irradiation is positively circulated in the reaction vessel. And an unreacted solution is supplied to the chemical reaction field, which is an ultrasonic chemical reaction method. 2. The ultrasonic chemical reaction method according to claim 1, wherein the active circulation of the acoustic flow is performed by installing a circulation auxiliary member in the reaction vessel. 3. The ultrasonic chemical reaction method according to claim 1, wherein the acoustic flow is actively circulated by arranging an arrangement for mounting an oscillator for oscillating ultrasonic waves on the reaction container at a biased position of the reaction container. . 4. The positive circulation of acoustic flow is carried out by mounting a plurality of oscillators for oscillating ultrasonic waves on a reaction vessel and differently outputting ultrasonic waves oscillated from these oscillators. Ultrasonic chemical reaction method. 5. A vibrator that oscillates ultrasonic waves, an oscillator that drives the vibrator, and a reaction container to which the vibrator is attached and in which a reaction solution is injected are provided, and the reaction solution is irradiated with ultrasonic waves to obtain chemicals. An ultrasonic chemical reaction device for generating a reaction, comprising a mechanism for positively circulating an acoustic flow of a reaction solution generated by ultrasonic irradiation in a reaction container. 6. The ultrasonic chemical reaction device according to claim 5, wherein a circulation auxiliary member is provided in the reaction container as a mechanism for actively circulating the acoustic flow of the reaction solution. 7. The circulation auxiliary member has a tubular shape with both ends open, is provided at a fixed distance from the vibrator, and is provided such that the inner surface of the cylinder is perpendicular to the vibrating surface of the vibrator. The ultrasonic chemical reaction device according to claim 6. 8. The supermarket according to claim 6, wherein the circulation auxiliary member is provided at a constant distance from the vibrator, and the surface of the circulation auxiliary member facing the vibration surface of the vibrator is inclined. Sonic chemical reactor.