JP2003065527A - Method of removing slag from waste incinerator - Google Patents
Method of removing slag from waste incineratorInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003065527A JP2003065527A JP2001252527A JP2001252527A JP2003065527A JP 2003065527 A JP2003065527 A JP 2003065527A JP 2001252527 A JP2001252527 A JP 2001252527A JP 2001252527 A JP2001252527 A JP 2001252527A JP 2003065527 A JP2003065527 A JP 2003065527A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- slag
- oxygen
- furnace
- waste
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、都市ごみや下水汚
泥のような廃棄物を溶融スラグ化するとともに、有機分
を可燃ガスとして回収する廃棄物処理炉におけるスラグ
除去方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for removing slag in a waste treatment furnace for melting waste slag such as municipal waste and sewage sludge and recovering organic matter as a combustible gas.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、都市ごみや下水汚泥のような廃棄
物の処理方法としては焼却処理法が一般的であったが、
最近になって廃棄物中の有機分を可燃ガスとして回収す
る方法が注目されている。この方法は、廃棄物または廃
棄物の熱分解生成物を、酸素、酸素富化空気、空気のい
ずれかと反応させて廃棄物中の灰分を溶融スラグ化する
とともに、有機分を可燃ガスとして回収する方法であ
る。2. Description of the Related Art Up until now, an incineration method has been generally used as a method for treating waste such as municipal waste and sewage sludge.
Recently, attention has been focused on a method of recovering organic matter in waste as a combustible gas. In this method, the waste or the thermal decomposition product of the waste is reacted with oxygen, oxygen-enriched air, or air to melt the ash in the waste to form a molten slag, and to recover the organic as a combustible gas. Is the way.
【０００３】この方法に用いられる廃棄物処理炉では、
廃棄物中の灰分を高温で溶融しスラグとして炉外に排出
しているが、炉内の低温部にスラグが堆積したり、何ら
かの原因で炉の操作温度が低下したとき等に、スラグで
炉内が閉塞する可能性がある。そこで従来はスラグの堆
積が予測される場所にガスバーナまたはオイルバーナを
設け、堆積したスラグをバーナフレームにより溶かす方
法が提案されていた。In the waste treatment furnace used in this method,
The ash in the waste is melted at a high temperature and discharged outside the furnace as slag.However, when slag accumulates in the low temperature part of the furnace or the operating temperature of the furnace drops for some reason, the slag is used to cool the furnace. The inside may be blocked. Therefore, conventionally, a method has been proposed in which a gas burner or an oil burner is provided at a place where slag accumulation is expected and the accumulated slag is melted by a burner frame.
【０００４】しかしこのような方法では、ガスやオイル
等の燃料供給ラインと燃焼用空気等の供給ラインとをそ
れぞれ設置する必要があるうえ、バーナ自体も大きく複
雑な構造となるため、設備コスト及びランニングコスト
が大きくなるという問題があった。更にバーナの燃焼用
空気が炉内に持ち込まれるために炉内の顕熱が奪われ、
その分だけ廃棄物処理炉全体の熱効率が低下するという
問題もあった。However, in such a method, it is necessary to install a fuel supply line for gas, oil, etc., and a supply line for combustion air, etc., and the burner itself has a large and complicated structure. There was a problem that the running cost increased. Furthermore, because the combustion air of the burner is brought into the furnace, the sensible heat in the furnace is taken away,
There is also a problem that the thermal efficiency of the entire waste treatment furnace is reduced by that amount.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は上記した従来
の問題点を解決し、設備が低コスト、シンプルかつコン
パクトであり、しかも熱効率を低下させることなく、炉
内に堆積したスラグを除去することができる廃棄物処理
炉におけるスラグ除去方法を提供するためになされたも
のである。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, removes the slag accumulated in the furnace without lowering the thermal efficiency, because the equipment is low cost, simple and compact. It was made to provide a method for removing slag in a waste treatment furnace that can be used.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の課題を解決するた
めになされた本発明は、廃棄物または廃棄物の熱分解生
成物を、酸素、酸素富化空気、空気のいずれかと反応さ
せて廃棄物中の灰分を溶融スラグ化するとともに、有機
分を可燃ガスとして回収する廃棄物処理炉におけるスラ
グ除去方法であって、炉内のスラグ堆積位置に設置した
酸素ガンから噴出させた酸素と炉内の可燃ガスとの燃焼
熱により高温場を形成し、堆積したスラグを流動させて
炉外に排出することを特徴とするものである。なお、本
発明の好ましい実施形態においては、廃棄物処理炉が溶
融ガス化部とガス改質部とを有するガス変換炉であり、
両者の接続部に酸素ガンを設置する。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention, which has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, is to dispose of waste by reacting waste or thermal decomposition products of waste with oxygen, oxygen-enriched air, or air. A method for removing slag in a waste treatment furnace that converts the ash content of the material into molten slag and recovers the organic content as combustible gas.The oxygen emitted from an oxygen gun installed at the slag deposition position in the furnace and the inside of the furnace A high temperature field is formed by the heat of combustion with the combustible gas, and the accumulated slag is fluidized and discharged to the outside of the furnace. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the waste treatment furnace is a gas conversion furnace having a molten gasification section and a gas reforming section,
Install an oxygen gun at the connection between the two.
【０００７】本発明の廃棄物処理炉におけるスラグ除去
方法によれば、スラグの堆積が生じたときには酸素ガン
から酸素を噴出させ、炉内の可燃ガスとの燃焼熱により
高温場を形成して、堆積したスラグを流動させて炉外に
排出することができる。このように酸素のみを噴出させ
て高温場を形成できるのは、この形式の廃棄物処理炉で
は廃棄物または廃棄物の熱分解生成物より生じた可燃ガ
スが常に炉内にあるためである。このように、燃料供給
ラインやバーナが不要であるため、設備が低コスト、シ
ンプルかつコンパクトとなり、しかも外部からの燃焼用
空気の持ち込みがないので炉内の顕熱が奪われることも
なく、廃棄物処理炉全体の熱効率を高く維持することが
できる。According to the method for removing slag in the waste treatment furnace of the present invention, when the slag is accumulated, oxygen is ejected from the oxygen gun, and a high temperature field is formed by the combustion heat with the combustible gas in the furnace. The accumulated slag can be fluidized and discharged outside the furnace. The reason why a high temperature field can be formed by ejecting only oxygen in this way is that in this type of waste treatment furnace, combustible gas generated from waste or thermal decomposition products of the waste is always present in the furnace. In this way, the fuel supply line and burner are not required, so the equipment is low cost, simple and compact, and since no combustion air is brought in from the outside, sensible heat in the furnace is not taken away, and it is discarded. The thermal efficiency of the entire material processing furnace can be kept high.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明の実施の形態】以下に、本発明の好ましい実施形
態を示す。図１は本発明を廃棄物処理炉の代表例である
ガス変換炉に適用したもので、１は溶融ガス化部、２は
ガス改質部である。まずこのガス変換炉による廃棄物処
理方法を説明する。この実施形態では、廃棄物は前段に
設置された熱分解炉３において低酸素雰囲気下で数百℃
に加熱されて熱分解され、熱分解ガス、熱分解オイル、
熱分解残査に分離される。熱分解残査は破砕されたうえ
で１２００〜１６００℃の溶融ガス化部１に投入され、
酸素、酸素富化空気、空気のいずれかと反応し部分燃焼
する。その結果、灰分は溶融スラグとなって下部のスラ
グ排出口４から排出されるとともに、有機分は可燃ガス
となって接続部５からガス改質部２に入る。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown below. FIG. 1 shows the present invention applied to a gas conversion furnace which is a typical example of a waste treatment furnace, in which 1 is a molten gasification section and 2 is a gas reforming section. First, a waste treatment method by this gas conversion furnace will be described. In this embodiment, the waste is several hundred degrees Celsius in a low oxygen atmosphere in the pyrolysis furnace 3 installed in the previous stage.
Heated to pyrolyze, pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil,
Separated into pyrolysis residue. The thermal decomposition residue is crushed and then put into the molten gasification section 1 at 1200 to 1600 ° C,
Partially burns by reacting with oxygen, oxygen-enriched air, or air. As a result, the ash becomes molten slag and is discharged from the lower slag discharge port 4, and the organic content becomes combustible gas and enters the gas reforming section 2 from the connection section 5.
【０００９】ガス改質部２は８００〜１２００℃に保た
れており、熱分解炉３の熱分解生成物のうち熱分解ガス
と熱分解オイルとが酸素とともに供給される。このガス
改質部２では、熱分解ガス、熱分解オイルの改質が行わ
れる。また溶融ガス化部１から流入するカーボンのガス
化も同時に行われて、最終的にＣＯとH2とを主成分とす
る良質の可燃ガスとなる。この可燃ガスは冷却されたう
えで脱硫等のガス処理を施され、一般熱源や発電用熱源
として有効利用することができる。The gas reforming section 2 is maintained at 800 to 1200 ° C., and the pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil of the pyrolysis products of the pyrolysis furnace 3 are supplied together with oxygen. In the gas reforming section 2, the pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil are reformed. Further, the carbon flowing in from the molten gasification section 1 is also gasified at the same time, and finally becomes a good quality combustible gas containing CO and H 2 as main components. This combustible gas is cooled and then subjected to gas treatment such as desulfurization, and can be effectively used as a general heat source or a heat source for power generation.
【００１０】このようなガス変換炉においては、溶融ガ
ス化部１の下部、すなわちスラグ排出口４及び接続部５
の付近において溶融スラグの堆積が生ずる可能性があ
る。そこでこの実施形態では図示のように、スラグ堆積
位置である接続部５の側壁に酸素ガン６を設置してお
き、溶融スラグの堆積が検出されたときには酸素ガン６
から酸素を噴出させる。なお酸素ガン６から噴出させる
酸素は必ずしも純酸素である必要はないが、空気や窒素
の含有率が大幅に増えると炉内の顕熱を奪うとともに可
燃ガスを希釈することとなるため、好ましくない。In such a gas conversion furnace, the lower part of the molten gasification section 1, that is, the slag discharge port 4 and the connection section 5 are used.
Deposition of molten slag may occur in the vicinity of. Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in the figure, an oxygen gun 6 is installed on the side wall of the connection portion 5 which is the slag deposition position, and when the deposition of the molten slag is detected, the oxygen gun 6 is installed.
Spout oxygen from. The oxygen ejected from the oxygen gun 6 does not necessarily need to be pure oxygen, but if the content of air or nitrogen increases significantly, the sensible heat in the furnace will be lost and the combustible gas will be diluted, which is not preferable. .
【００１１】このガス変換炉の内部には、廃棄物または
廃棄物の熱分解生成物より生じた高温の可燃ガスが多量
に存在するため、酸素ガン６から酸素を噴出させると同
時に燃焼して１２００℃以上の高温場が形成される。そ
の結果、堆積していたスラグは溶融されて流動性を回復
し、スラグ排出口４から炉外に排出される。この流動を
確実に行わせるため、接続部５はスラグ排出口４側が低
くガス改質部２側が高くなるように多少傾斜させておく
ことが好ましい。Since a large amount of high-temperature combustible gas generated from waste or a thermal decomposition product of the waste is present inside the gas conversion furnace, oxygen is ejected from the oxygen gun 6 and simultaneously burns 1200 A high temperature field above ℃ is formed. As a result, the accumulated slag is melted to recover its fluidity and is discharged from the slag discharge port 4 to the outside of the furnace. In order to ensure this flow, it is preferable that the connection portion 5 be slightly inclined so that the slag discharge port 4 side is low and the gas reforming portion 2 side is high.
【００１２】なお、酸素ガン６は高温場にさらされるの
で、図２に示すように水冷構造とし、冷却水を冷却水供
給口７から水冷ジャケット８内に供給し、冷却水排出口
９から排出させることにより常時冷却できるようにして
おくことが好ましい。酸素ガン６はフランジ１０によっ
て接続部５の側壁に取り付けられる。Since the oxygen gun 6 is exposed to a high temperature field, it has a water cooling structure as shown in FIG. 2, and cooling water is supplied from the cooling water supply port 7 into the water cooling jacket 8 and discharged from the cooling water discharge port 9. It is preferable to be able to always cool by doing so. The oxygen gun 6 is attached to the side wall of the connecting portion 5 by the flange 10.
【００１３】また、スラグの堆積を検出する方法にはさ
まざまな方法が考えられるが、この実施形態のように溶
融ガス化部１とガス改質部２との下部を接続部５で連結
した構造の炉では、溶融ガス化部１とガス改質部２との
間の差圧を監視し、差圧が上昇したときにはスラグの堆
積が生じたものと判断することができる。Various methods are conceivable for detecting the accumulation of slag, but as in this embodiment, a structure in which the lower portions of the molten gasification section 1 and the gas reforming section 2 are connected by a connection section 5 is used. In the furnace No. 2, the differential pressure between the molten gasification section 1 and the gas reforming section 2 can be monitored, and when the differential pressure rises, it can be determined that slag accumulation has occurred.
【００１４】上記した実施形態では廃棄物処理炉を溶融
ガス化部１とガス改質部２とを有するガス変換炉とし、
両者の接続部５に酸素ガン６を設置したのであるが、本
発明は廃棄物中の灰分を溶融スラグ化するとともに、有
機分を可燃ガスとして回収する廃棄物処理炉であれば、
その形式を問わず適用することができる。例えばガス改
質部２に相当する部分がなく、単一炉の下部から溶融ス
ラグを流下させる構造の炉であっても、炉下部に酸素ガ
ンを設置することにより適用可能である。In the above-described embodiment, the waste treatment furnace is a gas conversion furnace having the molten gasification section 1 and the gas reforming section 2,
The oxygen gun 6 is installed at the connecting portion 5 of both, but the present invention is a waste treatment furnace that melts the ash content of the waste into a slag and collects the organic content as a combustible gas.
It can be applied regardless of its format. For example, even a furnace having no structure corresponding to the gas reforming section 2 and having a structure in which molten slag flows down from the lower part of a single furnace can be applied by installing an oxygen gun in the lower part of the furnace.
【００１５】また上記の実施形態では、熱分解炉３を前
段に設置して熱分解生成物をガス変換炉に供給するよう
にしたが、廃棄物の種類によっては直接廃棄物処理炉に
供給することも可能であり、熱分解炉３は必須のもので
はない。例えば廃棄物が下水汚泥のような安定した性状
のものであれば、直接溶融処理することも可能である。In the above embodiment, the pyrolysis furnace 3 is installed in the preceding stage to supply the pyrolysis products to the gas conversion furnace. However, depending on the type of waste, the pyrolysis products are directly supplied to the waste treatment furnace. It is also possible that the pyrolysis furnace 3 is not essential. For example, if the waste has a stable property such as sewage sludge, it can be directly melt-processed.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の効果】以上に説明したように、本発明の廃棄物
処理炉におけるスラグ除去方法によれば、スラグの堆積
が検知された場合には、酸素ガンから噴出させた酸素を
炉内の可燃ガスと反応させて酸素ガンの近傍に高温場を
形成し、堆積したスラグを流動させ速やかに炉外に排出
することができる。このためスラグの堆積によるトラブ
ルを容易に回避することができる。As described above, according to the method for removing slag in the waste treatment furnace of the present invention, when the accumulation of slag is detected, the oxygen ejected from the oxygen gun is burned in the furnace. By reacting with gas, a high temperature field is formed in the vicinity of the oxygen gun, and the accumulated slag can be fluidized and quickly discharged outside the furnace. Therefore, it is possible to easily avoid the trouble caused by the accumulation of slag.
【００１７】また本発明では酸素ガンのみを設置すれば
よく、従来のように燃料供給ラインやバーナが不要であ
るため、設備が低コスト、シンプルかつコンパクトとな
る。しかもバーナとは異なり外部からの燃焼用空気の持
ち込みがないので炉内の顕熱が奪われることもなく、廃
棄物処理炉全体の熱効率を高く維持することができる利
点もある。Further, in the present invention, only the oxygen gun is required to be installed, and the fuel supply line and the burner are not required as in the conventional case. Therefore, the facility is low in cost, simple and compact. Moreover, unlike the burner, since no combustion air is brought in from the outside, sensible heat in the furnace is not taken away and there is an advantage that the thermal efficiency of the entire waste treatment furnace can be maintained high.
【図１】本発明の実施形態を示す廃棄物処理炉の断面図
である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a waste treatment furnace showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】酸素ガンの断面図である。FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an oxygen gun.
１ 溶融ガス化部、２ ガス改質部、３ 熱分解炉、４
スラグ排出口、５接続部、６ 酸素ガン、７ 冷却水
供給口、８ 水冷ジャケット、９ 冷却水排出口、１０
フランジ1 molten gasification section, 2 gas reforming section, 3 thermal decomposition furnace, 4
Slag discharge port, 5 connections, 6 oxygen gun, 7 cooling water supply port, 8 water cooling jacket, 9 cooling water discharge port, 10
Flange
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） Ｆ２３Ｇ 5/027 Ｆ２３Ｊ 1/08 5/16 Ｆ２３Ｌ 7/00 Ａ Ｆ２３Ｊ 1/08 Ｂ０９Ｂ 3/00 ３０３Ｌ Ｆ２３Ｌ 7/00 ＺＡＢ (72)発明者 緒方 一夫 愛知県名古屋市瑞穂区須田町２番56号 日 本碍子株式会社内 (72)発明者 三島 俊一 愛知県名古屋市瑞穂区須田町２番56号 日 本碍子株式会社内 Ｆターム(参考） 3K023 JA01 3K061 AA24 AB02 AB03 AC01 AC02 AC13 BA05 FA21 FA23 NB01 NB27 3K078 AA05 BA03 CA02 CA11 4D004 AA36 AA46 AC04 BA03 CA27 CA29 CB04 CB34 CC01 4D059 AA03 BB03 BB04 CA01 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification code FI theme code (reference) F23G 5/027 F23J 1/08 5/16 F23L 7/00 A F23J 1/08 B09B 3/00 303L F23L 7 / 00 ZAB (72) Inventor Kazuo Ogata 2-56 Sudamachi, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture Insulator Himoto Incorporated (72) Inventor Shunichi Mishima 2-56, Sudamachi, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture In-house F-term (reference) 3K023 JA01 3K061 AA24 AB02 AB03 AC01 AC02 AC13 BA05 FA21 FA23 NB01 NB27 3K078 AA05 BA03 CA02 CA11 4D004 AA36 AA46 AC04 BA03 CA27 CA29 CB04 CB34 CC01 4D059 AA03 BB03 BB04 CA01
Claims (2)
酸素、酸素富化空気、空気のいずれかと反応させて廃棄
物中の灰分を溶融スラグ化するとともに、有機分を可燃
ガスとして回収する廃棄物処理炉におけるスラグ除去方
法であって、炉内のスラグ堆積位置に設置した酸素ガン
から噴出させた酸素と炉内の可燃ガスとの燃焼熱により
高温場を形成し、堆積したスラグを流動させて炉外に排
出することを特徴とする廃棄物処理炉におけるスラグ除
去方法。1. Waste or thermal decomposition products of waste,
A method for removing slag in a waste treatment furnace that reacts with oxygen, oxygen-enriched air, or air to melt the ash in the waste into molten slag and recovers the organic content as combustible gas. A waste treatment furnace characterized in that a high temperature field is formed by the combustion heat of oxygen ejected from an oxygen gun installed at the deposition position and combustible gas in the furnace, and the accumulated slag is fluidized and discharged outside the furnace. Slag removal method in.
部とを有するガス変換炉であり、両者の接続部に酸素ガ
ンを設置することを特徴とする請求項１記載の廃棄物処
理炉におけるスラグ除去方法。2. The waste treatment furnace according to claim 1, wherein the waste treatment furnace is a gas conversion furnace having a molten gasification section and a gas reforming section, and an oxygen gun is installed at a connecting section between the two. Slag removal method in processing furnace.
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| JP2001252527A JP4020357B2 (en) | 2001-08-23 | 2001-08-23 | Slag removal method in waste treatment furnace |
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| JP2001252527A JP4020357B2 (en) | 2001-08-23 | 2001-08-23 | Slag removal method in waste treatment furnace |
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| JP2003065527A true JP2003065527A (en) | 2003-03-05 |
| JP4020357B2 JP4020357B2 (en) | 2007-12-12 |
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| JP2001252527A Expired - Lifetime JP4020357B2 (en) | 2001-08-23 | 2001-08-23 | Slag removal method in waste treatment furnace |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105387469A (en) * | 2015-12-05 | 2016-03-09 | 永兴县皓天环保科技发展有限责任公司 | Electronic waste smelting gasifying device |
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| US7704162B2 (en) | 2000-04-18 | 2010-04-27 | Acushnet Company | Metal wood club with improved hitting face |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04500718A (en) * | 1988-09-14 | 1992-02-06 | ケント、ジョン・エム | Method and apparatus for forming non-hazardous aggregates using hazardous waste |
| JPH07126663A (en) * | 1993-10-25 | 1995-05-16 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Slag flow-down monitoring in coal partial combustion furnace and monitoring device therefor |
| JPH10132234A (en) * | 1996-09-04 | 1998-05-22 | Ebara Corp | Gas turbine composite power generating method |
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| CN105387469A (en) * | 2015-12-05 | 2016-03-09 | 永兴县皓天环保科技发展有限责任公司 | Electronic waste smelting gasifying device |
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| JP4020357B2 (en) | 2007-12-12 |
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