JP2003065445A - Brush seal device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve a seal of a corner part in an angular annular brush seal having slanted bristles. SOLUTION: The brush seal device has one bristle row part 4A with the bristles 8 slanted in one row direction from an attaching part 3 and arranged like a wall, and other bristle row parts 4B provided with the bristles 8 slanting in a direction opposite to a slanting angle of the bristles 8 of the one bristle row part 4A in layers in at least a bristle space part 9 of a row end part of the one bristle row part 4A. A free end face 5 faces a relative face of another component 60.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a brush seal device that seals between two components that are relatively displaced, such as an aircraft subject to vibration, a gas turbine subject to heat or vibration, or a steam turbine. In particular, the present invention relates to the technical field of a brush seal device which is mounted between two components which are relatively displaced by a slight relative fluctuation due to vibration or a temperature change and which seals between the two components.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the prior art relating to the present invention, there is a brush seal device 100 shown in FIG. FIG. 9 is a plan view of the brush seal device 100 mounted between the shaft 120 having a square cross section and the square hole of the casing 110 through which the shaft 120 penetrates. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. The casing 110 and the shaft 120 are some components of the gas turbine. And the casing 11
The brush seal device 100 is arranged so as to partition between the 0 hole and the quadrangular shaft 120 that reciprocates in the axial direction, and seals the fluid between them.

In FIG. 9, a brush seal device 100
Has a square ring-shaped plane. Then, as shown in FIG. 10, the mounting portion 104 is the mounting portion 1 of the shaft 120.
The free end surface 105 faces the casing 110 and is in contact with the casing 110 to seal between the shaft 120 and the casing 110. The main components of the brush seal device 100 are a brush seal 109, a back plate 102, and a support plate 103, as shown in FIG. In this brush seal 109, the bristle row portions 111 are combined on four surfaces, and the mounting portions 104 thereof are fixed to the mounting portions 112 of the shaft 120, respectively. The free end surface 105 side on which the bristles 101 of the bristle row portion 111 are arranged is radially arranged while being inclined along the peripheral surface of the shaft 120 to form a wall shape. Further, the free end surface 105 of the brush seal 109 faces the peripheral surface of the casing 110 in which the hole is formed so as to face it.

FIG. 11 is a front view of the brush seal 109. In addition, FIG. 12 is a state diagram in which the casing 110 is pressed against the free end surface 105 of the bristle array portion 101 of FIG. 11.
The brush seal 109 is changed from the state shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, even if the free end surface 105 side is bent by being pressed against the casing 110 due to relative vibration between the shaft 120 and the casing 110 or the like, the free end surface 105 is inclined to reduce the pressing force. When the brush seal 109 is inclined, the left end of the brush seal 109 shown in FIG. 11 has a triangular blank portion 115A. When this brush seal 109 is attached to the mounting portion 112 on the peripheral surface of the shaft 120, as shown in FIG. 9, a trapezoidal space portion 115 is formed at the assembled corner portion of the brush seal device 100. This bristles 101
The linear shape of is generally 0.25 mm or more in this field.

Then, as shown in FIG. 10, the back plate 102 formed in an annular shape is formed on the side surface of the brush seal 109.
Are arranged with their side surfaces in contact with the brush seal 109. Further, the holding plate 103 is formed as a ring plate on the other surface of the brush seal 109, and is integrally attached to the back plate 102 so as to sandwich the attachment portion 104 side of the brush seal 109 between the holding plate 103 and the back plate 102. Then, the back plate 102 and the brush seal 1
The mounting portion 104 and the holding plate 103 of No. 09 are welded at one end to form a joint portion 106.

[0006]

In the brush seal device constructed as described above, when the casing 110 and the shaft 120 come close to each other due to vibration or the like, or both parts 110, 12 are made.
When 0 is deformed due to the difference in thermal expansion due to high temperature, the free end surface 105 of the brush seal 109 is in pressure contact with the casing 110, as shown in FIG.

When the bristles 101 are inclined in the row direction, when the acting force acts, the bristles 101 are bent in the inclination direction as shown in FIG. 12 to weaken the pressure contact force. In this state, if the pressure of the sealed fluid is high pressure P1, low pressure P2
Since the differential pressure (P1−P2) between the brush seal 109 and the brush seal 109 increases, the brush seal 109 tends to bend toward the low pressure P2 side. But,
The sealed fluid can be sealed by being supported by the back plate 102 facing the brush seal 109 and without being bent to the low pressure P2 side as shown in FIG.

However, since the brush seals 109 are inclined in the column direction, a space is formed in a triangular shape on the end side opposite to the inclined direction. This bristle row portion 111
As shown in FIG. 9, when assembled in a rectangular annular space, a trapezoidal space 115 is formed in a planar state at a corner of a shaft 120 having a rectangular cross section. The sealed fluid having the high pressure P1 leaks from the space 115 to the low pressure P2.

The space 115 is not limited to the quadrangular shape of the shaft 120, but is formed at the corner when the brush seal device 100 seals a triangular shape or a polygonal shape having an angle. . In particular, in the case where the shaft 120 reciprocates in the axial direction, it may be more convenient to form the cross section in a polygonal shape rather than a circular shape in order to restrict the movement in the circumferential direction, but the space portion 115 in the bristle row portion 111 is preferable. As a result, the sealing ability becomes incomplete and the sealed fluid leaks. As a result, a shaft having a non-circular cross section cannot be adopted, which is a problem.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and a technical problem thereof is to enable reliable sealing without forming a space portion in the brush seal device. . Another object is to reliably seal the gap between the shaft and the casing with the brush seal device regardless of the polygonal shape of the shaft. Another object of the present invention is to obtain a brush seal device having improved pressure resistance of the sealed fluid. Furthermore, it is to improve the sealing ability.

[0011]

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, and the means for solving the problems are configured as follows. There is.

The brush seal device of the present invention according to claim 1 is a component (50) having a corner portion on the peripheral surface and a relative component (60) which is displaced relative to the component (50) with a gap.
A brush seal device (1), which is attached to the one part (50 or 60) between and seals between the other part (60 or 50), wherein bristles (8) are arranged from the attachment part (3) to a row. One bristle row portion (4A) is arranged in a wall shape inclined to one direction, and the one bristle row portion (4A) is provided.
At least the bristle space portion at the row end of A) has another bristle row portion (4B) formed on the bristle at an angle opposite to the inclination angle of the bristles of the one bristle row portion (4A), and is free. A brush seal (2) whose end surface (5) faces the relative surface of the other component (60), a back plate portion (6) that is connected to the mounting portion (3) of the brush seal (2), and the brush seal. The holding plate part (10) for holding the mounting part (3) of (2) between the back plate part (6).

In the brush seal device of the present invention according to claim 1, at least one of the bristle row portions having the bristles inclined to one side has the other bristle row portion having the bristles inclined in the opposite direction at least on the row direction end side. Since they are arranged in layers, a space is not formed in the brush seal in which the intersecting bristle rows are assembled, and the sealed fluid can be reliably sealed.

In this brush seal, since the intersecting bristle rows are arranged in layers, the high pressure P1 of the sealed fluid is obtained.
Even if the bristles are exposed to each other, the binding forces of the bristles cooperate with each other to exert pressure resistance, and the crossed bristle rows have a net-like binding force, so that the bristles are separated from each other by the pressure of the sealed fluid. , Exerts sealing ability.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a brush seal device of the present invention, wherein the back plate portion has a support surface which is coupled to the attachment portion of the brush seal and supports a side surface of the brush seal, and the support surface is trapezoidal. It is formed in.

In the brush seal device of the present invention according to claim 2, since the supporting surface of the back plate portion is formed in a trapezoidal shape and entirely supports the bristle row portion, the bristle row portion at the corner of the shaft is sealed. It also supports pressure resistance against the sealed fluid.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the brush seal device of the present invention, the one component has a square hole, and the other component has an outer peripheral surface which is inserted into the hole and has a square cross section. , The brush seal is arranged between the one part and the other part

In the brush seal device according to the third aspect of the present invention, even if the shaft has a quadrangular cross section, it is possible to reliably seal the corner portion of the shaft. Further, since it is sufficient to assemble the four sides of the shaft with the four bristle rows, it is possible to assemble the brush seal even after the shaft and the casing are assembled. Then, even when the brush seal device is replaced, the brush seal device can be assembled without disassembling the shaft.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the brush seal device of the present invention, the one bristle row portion is formed of a thin plate in a strip shape, and the other bristle row portion is alternately arranged on the one bristle row portion. It has a thin back plate that is laminated to support the bristles.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a brush seal device of the present invention, wherein the bristles are formed in a strip shape with the bristles being inclined, and one bristle row portion of one thin plate is alternately arranged by the back plate made of a thin plate in the other bristle row portion. Since they are arranged and supported in layers, it is possible to support the bristles of one of the bristle rows against the pressure of the fluid to be sealed and to improve the sealing ability without supporting the back plate. Further, since the bristle row portion is made of a thin plate, the manufacture, assembly and attachment of the brush seal device are extremely easy.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the brush seal device of the present invention, the other bristle row portion is alternately laminated with the one bristle row portion, and the bristles having different inclinations are crossed over each other over the entire length. is there.

In the brush seal device of the present invention according to claim 5, since the bristle row portions are arranged in layers in a state where the bristles are inclined and intersecting, even when the high pressure P1 of the fluid to be sealed is received, Even if the binding force cooperates and the pressure of the sealed fluid is exerted, pressure resistance is exerted, and the crossed bristle rows have a net-like binding force, so that the bristles cooperate with each other due to the pressure of the sealed fluid and the proof strength is increased. Occurs and the sealing ability is exerted. Further, since the bristle spaces are not formed at the row ends of the bristle rows, the sealing ability of the bristle spaces is improved.

[0023]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, a brush seal device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the following drawings are not conceptual drawings as patents, but are drawings created based on design drawings for actual manufacture.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a brush seal device 1 for partitioning a space between a sliding shaft 50 and a casing 60 through which the shaft is inserted into a high pressure P1 side and a low pressure P2 side in a gas turbine. 2A is a plan view of one of the four sides in the brush seal device 1 of FIG. Further, FIG. 2B is a side view of the brush seal 2 of FIG. 2A viewed from the bristles 8 side. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. Further, FIG. 4A and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a bristle row portion 4A in the embodiment. or,
FIG. 4A is a plan view of one bristle row portion 4A in FIG. 2A. Further, FIG. 4B is a plan view of the other bristle row portion 4B in FIG. 2A.

The main components of the brush seal device 1 are a brush seal 2, a back plate portion 6 and a holding plate portion 10. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a brush seal device. The fixed portion 20 on the inner peripheral side of the brush seal device 1 is attached to a groove portion 51 provided on the peripheral surface of a shaft 50 which is one of the components. Further, the free end surface 5 on the outer peripheral side of the brush seal device 1 is arranged in a state of being in contact with or close to the facing surface in the hole 61 of the casing 60 which is the other part. The brush seal device has a high pressure P1 side and a low pressure P2 in the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 50 and the hole 61 of the casing 60.
Seal from the side.

In the brush seal 2, one or a plurality of steel wire bristles 4 are bundled, and the bristles 4 are arranged in the row direction by inclining them. One bristle row portion 4A formed in this way
Has an overall shape as shown in FIG.
Note that FIG. 4A is not manufactured from a steel wire as described later, but is manufactured from a thin plate. Therefore, only the shapes are substantially similar. Also, the other bristle row portion 4B
Is inclined opposite to the direction of inclination of the one bristle row portion 4A, and the overall shape is formed as shown in FIG. 4 (b).

2 (a) and 2 (b), the one bristle row portion 4A and the other bristle row portion 4B are alternately arranged in a laminated state of four layers to form a wall shape. The inner peripheral side is integrated by welding to form the mounting portion 3.
The laminated thickness of the bristle row portions 4A and 4B is set by the pressure of the sealed fluid, the length of the bristles 8, and the like.
There are various layers such as 8 layers and 8 layers. The bristles 8 have, for example, a wire diameter of 0.005 to 0.5 mm, preferably 0.0
It is 5 to 0.15 mm. The length is in the range of 5 to 50 mm. Further, the wall thickness of the bristles utilized a range of 0.5-5 mm. However, this number is one embodiment, and is set according to the size of the brush seal device 1, or the distance between the shaft 50 and the casing 60, or the like. Further, as the material of the bristles 8, a steel wire, a nickel-based alloy wire, a ceramic wire or the like is used.

By alternately arranging the one bristle row portion 4A and the other bristle row portion 4B in this manner, the triangular space portion 9 formed at one end of the one bristle row portion 4A is eliminated. Corner part 5 of one part 50 of the brush seal device 1 shown in FIG.
2 can be reliably sealed.

The back plate portion 6 has a fixed portion 6A for holding the attachment portion 3 of the brush seal 2 and a support surface 6B for supporting the brush seal 2 so that the pressure of the fluid to be sealed acts on the brush seal 2 so as not to bend it extremely. It is provided. The back plate portion 6 is a rectangular plate or a brush seal 2 as shown in the back plate portion 10 of FIG.
It is formed into a trapezoidal plate in accordance with the planar shape of. The back plate portion 6 is a combination of four sides. Then, the back plate portion 6 serves to help the brush seal 2 to seal and also to support the brush seal 2 against the pressure of the sealed fluid.

The holding plate portion 10 is formed as a rectangular plate or a trapezoidal plate, as shown in FIG. Then, the attachment portion 3 of the brush seal 2 is held together with the back plate portion 6.
In the brush seal 2, the attachment portion 3 is integrally connected by electron beam welding by the back plate portion 6 and the holding plate portion 10,
The weld of these three parts forms the fixed part 20. And
The holding plate portion 10 has a square annular shape and is formed to have a smaller radial width than the back plate portion 6. In addition, in FIG. 3, the holding plate portion 10 has a length for holding the fixed portion 20, but it can be formed to have a radial length close to the back plate portion 6 shown in FIG. 3. In the case of the holding plate portion 10 having such a long length, it is advisable to provide a gap between the brush seal 2 and the side surface of the holding plate portion 10 so that the bristles 8 are easily deformed without being restricted.

The back plate portion 6 and the holding plate portion 10 are formed by the casing 5
It is preferable to select the material according to the coefficient of linear expansion of 0. For example, it is made of nickel-based alloy, iron, steel or other non-ferrous metal. Furthermore, various materials are selected depending on the type of sealed fluid, temperature, or other conditions of the application field.

FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are plan views of the bristle row portions 4A, 4B on one side of the four sides of the brush seal 2 showing the second embodiment of the present invention. is there.

The bristle rows 4A and 4B are formed by etching, pressing, electric discharge machining or the like on a thin plate as shown in FIG.
It is formed into a shape as shown in (b). Then, as shown in FIG. 2, one bristle row portion 4A and the other bristle row portion 4B are alternately laminated in layers to form one side of the brush seal 2, and the four sides are combined to form one side of FIG. Such a brush seal 2 is configured. The brush seal device 1 in which the bristles row portions 4A and 4B shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B are assembled is not shown, but the brush seal device 1 and the bristles row portion 4 shown in FIG. Except for this, the configuration is almost the same. Since the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is formed from a thin plate, the bristle array portion 4 can be easily manufactured, and since the bristles 8 are formed in a plate shape, it has excellent sealing ability. At the same time, it is only necessary to stack thin plates, so that the brush seal 2 can be easily assembled.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a brush seal device 1 showing a third embodiment according to the present invention. 6 is a plan view of the brush seal 2 portion on one side of the brush seal 2 of FIG. Further, FIG. 7 is a side view of FIG.

The difference between FIG. 5 and FIG. 1 is that of FIG.
The other bristle row portion 4B inclined to the opposite side so as to cover the bristle space portion 9 at the row end of (a) is alternately laminated with the one bristle row portion 4A. This bristle row part 4 is the axis 5
It is formed in the brush seal device 1 by arranging it on four sides at an interval between 0 and the casing 60.

FIG. 8 shows a bristle row portion 4 which is a component of the brush seal device 1 showing the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. And FIG.8 (a) is a top view of one bristle row part 4A. FIG. 8B is a plan view of the other bristle row portion 4B.

FIG. 8 (a) shows one bristle row portion 4A having the same shape as that of FIG. 4 (a). FIG.8 (b) is the other bristle row part 4B comprised from the thin plate. The other bristle row portion 4B has bristles 8 made of a thin plate whose row end side is inclined to the opposite side to the one bristle row portion 4A, and a back plate 7 formed in a plate shape corresponding to the back plate portion 6. It consists of and.
When the back plate 7 is laminated as the brush seal 2, the back plate 7 is formed to be shorter than the length of the bristles 8 and supports one of the adjacent bristles row portions 4A that are laminated. Further, the back plate 7 has a trapezoidal back plate 7A having an overall planar shape according to the shape on the left side in FIG.
It may be formed in.

As described above, in the brush seal 2, the bristles 8 are inclined so that the pressure contact force can be relaxed when the free end surface 5 contacts the facing surface. For this reason, when a shaft having a corner is to be sealed, the space around the corner becomes a space, which makes it difficult to seal. However, by stacking the other bristle row portions 4B side by side as in the present invention, it becomes possible to effectively seal the space portion 9.

Although the brush seal device 1 is attached to the shaft in the above-described embodiment, the brush seal device 1 may be attached to the casing 60 so that the free end surface 5 is in contact with the shaft 50. It is possible. These are designed in consideration of the distance between the shaft 50 and the casing 60.

[0040]

According to the brush seal device of the present invention as defined in claim 1, at least one of the bristles having one inclined bristle has a bristle inclined at least in the opposite direction on the row-direction end side. Since the bristle rows are arranged, there is no space in the brush seal that combines the intersecting bristle rows in a stack, so the sealed fluid is secured even if the gap between the shaft and the casing is non-circular. It becomes possible to seal it.

Further, in this brush seal, since the intersecting bristle rows are arranged in layers, even if the high pressure of the sealed fluid is applied, the binding force of the bristles cooperates to exert the pressure resistance, and Since the bristle row part has a net-like binding force,
The proof pressure against the bristles is generated by the pressure of the sealed fluid, and the sealing ability is exhibited.

According to the brush seal device of the present invention as set forth in claim 2, since the supporting surface of the back plate portion is formed in a trapezoidal shape to support the bristle row portion, the bristle row portion at the corner portion of the shaft is surely secured. The effect of supporting and exerting pressure resistance against the sealed fluid is exhibited.

According to the brush seal device of the third aspect of the present invention, since the other bristle row portion covers the space portion of the one bristle row portion, the shaft can be formed even if the shaft has a quadrangular cross section. It has the effect of reliably sealing the corners of the. or,
Since it is sufficient to assemble the four sides of the shaft with the bristle rows, the brush seal can be easily assembled even after the shaft and the casing are assembled. Further, even when the brush seal device is replaced, it is possible to assemble the brush seal device without disassembling the shaft, so that the gap between the brush seal devices becomes extremely easy.

According to the brush seal device of the present invention according to claim 4, since the bristle row portions of the thin plate formed in the strip shape with the slanted seal inclined, the inclination angles can be arranged alternately in a layered manner. It has the effect of being extremely easy to manufacture, assemble and install.

According to the brush seal device of the present invention as set forth in claim 5, since the bristle rows of the brush seal which are inclined and intersect with each other are arranged in layers, the bristles are subjected to high pressure of the fluid to be sealed. And the crossed bristle rows have a net-like binding force, so that the bristle force is divided by the pressure of the fluid to be sealed, and the sealing ability is exerted. Produces the effect of
Further, there is an effect that the bristle row portions can be arranged in layers without forming a bristle space portion for sealing at the ends of the bristle row portions.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a state in which a brush seal device according to a first embodiment of the present invention is mounted between components.

FIG. 2A is a plan view of one side of the brush seal of FIG.
(B) is a side view of the brush seal shown in FIG. 1.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 (a) is a plan view of one bristle row portion in the brush seal device showing the second embodiment according to the present invention,
(B) is a plan view of the other bristle row portion in the brush seal device showing the second embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a brush seal device showing a third embodiment according to the invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of one side of the brush seal of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the brush seal shown in FIG.

FIG. 8A is a plan view of one bristle row portion of the brush seal device showing the fourth embodiment according to the invention, and FIG. 8B is a brush seal device showing the fourth embodiment according to the invention. It is a top view of the other bristle row part.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of a conventional brush seal device.

10 is a cross-sectional view of the brush seal device shown in FIG. 9 taken along the line AA.

FIG. 11 is a front view of one side of the brush seal shown in FIG.

12 is a plan view showing a state where the casing is in contact with the brush seal device shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Brush seal device 2 brush seal 3 Mounting part 4 bristle row 4A One bristle row 4B The other bristle row 5 Free end face 6 Back plate 6A fixed part 6B support surface 7 Backboard 8 bristles 9 Bristle space 10 Holding plate 20 Fixed part 50 One part (axis) 51 groove 52 Corner 60 Other parts (casing) 61 holes

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A brush seal device which is attached to the one component between a component having a corner portion on its peripheral surface and a relative component which is displaced relative to the component with a gap between the component and the other component. The bristles have one bristle row portion arranged in a wall shape inclining in one row direction from the attachment portion, and the one bristle row portion is provided in at least the bristle space portion of the row end portion of the one bristle row portion. A brush seal having layered another bristle row portion provided with bristles inclined in a direction opposite to the inclination angle of the bristles, and a free end surface facing a relative surface of the other component; and an attachment portion of the brush seal, A brush seal device, comprising: a back plate part to be connected to the back plate part; and a holding plate part to hold the attachment part of the brush seal between the back plate part. 2. The back plate portion has a supporting surface for supporting the side surface of the brush seal by being combined with the mounting portion of the brush seal, and the supporting surface is formed in a trapezoidal shape. Item 2. The brush seal device according to Item 1. 3. The one component has a hole having a quadrangular peripheral surface, and the other component has an outer peripheral surface which is inserted into the hole and has a square cross section, and the hole of the one component and the other component. The brush seal for sealing between the outer peripheral surface of the component and the outer peripheral surface of the component is arranged.
The brush seal device described in 1. 4. The one bristle row portion forms a thin plate in a strip shape, and the other bristle row portion is alternately laminated on the one bristle row portion to support the bristles of the thin plate. The brush seal device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising a plate. 5. The bristle row portion of the other is alternately laminated with the bristle row portion of the one, and the bristles having different inclinations are crossed with each other over the entire length. The brush seal device according to claim 3.