JP2001182646A - Brush seal device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a brush seal device preventing sticking and a stay of a suspended matter such as an oil mist included in fluid to stranded wires for constituting a brush seal and capable of excellently exhibiting sealing performance over a long period. SOLUTION: In this brush seal device for preventing leakage of fluid from the periphery of a rotary shaft 10 of a rotary machine by a brush-like assembly of stranded wires, a brush seal 12 composed of the stranded wires 2 bound in an annular shape in prescribed density so as to surround the rotary shaft 10 in the circumferential direction is arranged between the rotary shaft 10 and a casing 11 of the machine so as to incline in a downward gradient toward the outer peripheral part to discharge a suspended matter 15 sticking between the stranded wires to the machine inside along the stranded wires by the gravitational action.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a brush seal device, and more particularly to a brush seal device used for a hydraulic machine such as a water turbine generator for preventing leakage of a working fluid in a bearing portion of a rotary shaft or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 23 shows an example of a brush seal conventionally used for a rotating shaft of a hydraulic machine. In FIG. 23, reference numeral 10 is a rotating shaft of the machine. The arrows indicate the flow of the working fluid. The brush seal 1 hermetically seals the gap between the rotating shaft 10 and the casing 11 so that the working fluid does not leak from the inside of the machine on the high pressure side to the outside of the machine on the low pressure side. In a hydraulic machine such as a water turbine generator, the rotating shaft 10 rotates at a high speed. As a material for the brush seal 1, a bundle of relatively thin wires or a wire 2 made of a resin material as thin as possible is used as the material of the rotating shaft 10. Arranged in the circumferential direction annularly, through the holding plate 5 in which a large number of wires are implanted such that the tip of the wire 2 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 10 or has a very small gap. Casing 1
It is attached to 1. Since the high pressure working fluid flowing from the high pressure portion of the machine acts on the brush seal 1, the pressure difference before and after the seal is large. Therefore, seal brush 1
Tends to fall from the high pressure side inside the machine to the low pressure side outside the machine. If the gap between the distal end of the strand 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 10 becomes large, a blow-by state occurs and the sealing function is impaired, so that the strand 2 of the brush seal 1 has a certain degree of rigidity. Along with
The brush seal 1 is prevented from being deformed by being supported by the back plate 6 provided on the low pressure side. However, if the wire 2 is not inclined to the low pressure side to a certain extent, the friction between the wire 2 and the rotating shaft 10 causes the wire 2 or the rotating shaft 10 to be easily worn out and withstands long-term use. Disappears.

As shown in FIG. 24, the working fluid on the high pressure side tries to pass between the bundles of the wires 1 constituting the brush seal 1. However, since the density of the wires 1 is very high, In addition, frictional resistance is generated between the working fluid and the element wire 1 to prevent leakage of the fluid to the outside of the machine, thereby providing an efficient seal.

FIG. 25 shows a specific example in which a brush seal 1 is applied to a bearing portion of a turbine generator. This turbine generator
The generator 100 and the water wheel 102 form an axis system.
Many large turbine generators are of a vertical type as shown in FIG. 25, and the rotating shaft 103 of the generator has a thrust bearing 10
The thrust bearing 105 is connected to the water turbine 102 by the intermediate shaft 104 via the bearing 5, and supports the load of the whole turbine generator.

[0005] In this turbine generator, the brush seal 1 is used for the following purposes. Generally thrust bearing 1
05 is a type that receives a load by the dynamic pressure of an oil film.
Plate 106 attached to the end of the
During this time, lubricating oil is supplied from an oil tank 108 to maintain the function as a dynamic pressure bearing. Rotating plate 106
Rotates at a high speed, the lubricating oil 109 filled in the oil tank 108 is stirred by the rotating plate 106,
Oil mist floating as fine particles is generated.
The space 110 in the generator 100 has a pressure lower than the pressure in the oil tank 108 due to the flow of the cooling air.
Attempt to flow into 00. However, oil mist
If a foreign substance is mixed in the generator 100, it may cause a short circuit accident of the generator 100 or flow out of the generator to cause environmental pollution. Therefore, the brush seal 1 is provided around the rotating shaft 103 and the oil mist is generated. It is necessary to prevent leakage to the side.

[0006]

However, as described above, since the brush seal 1 has a very good sealing property, the brush seal 1 efficiently removes floating substances such as oil mist from the dense strand 2. The problem is that it is trapped in between.

FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram of the sealing action of the brush seal 1 when a fluid containing oil mist is contained in the fluid. Since the air containing the oil mist 7 has a high pressure inside the machine (inside the oil tank 108 according to FIG. 25), the air that constitutes the brush seal 1 tries to flow out of the machine (to the generator 100 side). However, as described above, since the thin wires 2 are arranged very densely, the oil mist 7 contained in the air is prevented from flowing out, and as a result, the oil mist 7 is caught by the wires 2,
The particle diameter gradually grows and becomes an oil droplet 8 having a somewhat large particle diameter and adheres to the strand 2.

Further, as the oil droplets 8 adhere to the strands 2, as shown in FIG. 27, there occurs a phenomenon that the strands 2 are tightly bound to each other due to the viscosity of the oil droplets 8 themselves. Cause it to occur. When this happens, strand 2 and strand 2
The gap between them becomes non-uniform, so that there is almost no gap in a part and a space that is somewhat large in the other part occurs. If this space is formed, the air containing the oil mist easily passes through without causing frictional resistance between the wire 2 and the wire 2, and the sealing effect is extremely reduced.

[0009] Such a phenomenon generally occurs after a certain period of time has elapsed since the brush seal was attached, and the viscosity of the lubricating oil increased due to oxidation due to heating or deterioration, and organic acids and insoluble sludge were generated. By doing so, it often occurs.

[0010] As shown in FIG. 28, the oil droplets 8 attached to the strands 2 are exposed to frictional heat generated by friction with the rotating shaft 10 and become high in temperature, so that oxidation and sludge are not generated. Promoted. The oil droplets adhering to the tip of the wire 2 may be transformed into solids and damage the surface of the rotating shaft 10, or the rotating shaft 10 may bend due to heat generation to cause vibration. is there.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and to prevent the adhesion and stagnation of suspended matter such as oil mist contained in a fluid to a wire constituting a brush seal. It is another object of the present invention to provide a brush seal device capable of exhibiting good sealing performance over a long period of time.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a brush seal device for preventing leakage of fluid from around a rotation axis of a rotary machine by a brush-like assembly of strands. A brush seal consisting of a wire bundled in a ring at a predetermined density so as to surround the rotating shaft in the circumferential direction is arranged between the rotating shaft and a casing of a machine, and a brush seal is provided in the fluid attached to the wire. The present invention is characterized in that a stagnation prevention means for preventing stagnation of the contained suspended matter between the strands is provided.

[0013] According to the present invention, in order to sufficiently exhibit the sealing performance of the brush seal, it is effective to prevent suspended matters such as oil mist from adhering to the strands, which become oil droplets and stay and adhere to the strands. As in the past, the gap between the strands spreads due to stagnation and adhered oil droplets, lowering the sealing characteristics, and the oil droplets attached to the tip of the strand become hot due to frictional heat, resulting in oxidation and sludge This promotes the transformation into a solid substance, thereby preventing the rotating shaft from being damaged and the rotating shaft from bending and vibrating.

The present invention includes several inventions due to the difference in the mode of the means for preventing stagnation. According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a brush seal device for preventing leakage of fluid from around a rotation axis of a rotary machine by a brush-like aggregate of element wires, as set forth in claim 2, wherein the rotation axis is provided around the rotation axis. A brush seal consisting of wires tied in a ring at a predetermined density so as to surround in the direction is disposed between the rotary shaft and the casing of the machine so as to be inclined downward toward the outer peripheral portion thereof, and between the wires. The suspended matter adhering to the inside is discharged to the inside of the machine along the strand by the action of gravity.

According to the present invention, by floating the brush seal in the direction of gravity, suspended matter adhering to the wires constituting the brush seal is dropped and discharged along the wires under the action of gravity. be able to.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a brush seal device for preventing leakage of fluid from around a rotation axis of a rotary machine by a brush-like aggregate of element wires. A brush seal composed of element wires bound in a ring at a predetermined density so as to surround the shaft in the circumferential direction is arranged between the rotating shaft and the casing of the machine, and a centrifugal force generated by rotating the rotating shaft is used. Then, a forced flow generating means for generating a forced flow for forcibly discharging suspended matter contained in the fluid attached to the wire from the wire is provided.

According to the present invention, since the forced flow causes the suspended matter to be forcibly discharged from the strand by the centrifugal force when the rotating shaft rotates, the brush seal is inclined in the direction of gravity due to the restriction of the assembly structure of the machine. Even if you can not attach
It is possible to effectively prevent the accumulation of suspended matter.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a brush seal device for preventing leakage of fluid from around a rotation axis of a rotary machine by a brush-like assembly of element wires. A brush seal consisting of a wire bundled in an annular shape at a predetermined density so as to surround the shaft in the circumferential direction is provided by a seal portion having a high wire density and a wire density disposed inside the machine of the seal portion. And a sparse floating material capturing unit.

According to the present invention, the first invention and the second invention can be used when the oil mist of the suspended matter is made of high-viscosity oil.
In the invention of the above, it is possible that adhering oil droplets may not be eliminated, but by separately providing a brush seal portion in which the wire interval is widened by roughening the wire density, it is possible to capture highly viscous oil droplets. Therefore, it is possible to prevent accumulation of oil droplets and the like on the brush seal downstream of the brush seal, which performs the original sealing function.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a brush seal device for preventing leakage of fluid from around a rotation axis of a rotary machine by a brush-like assembly of element wires. A brush seal consisting of a wire bundled in a ring at a predetermined density so as to surround the shaft in the circumferential direction is attached to the rotating shaft, and the brush seal is formed from a wire whose length changes in a predetermined pattern. It is characterized by comprising.

According to the present invention, the brush seal having a predetermined length of the element wire is attached to the rotating shaft of the machine, and the large centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotating shaft. Is applied directly to disperse the oil droplets adhered to the brush seal and prevent stagnation. The effect of discharging the oil droplets is more direct and powerful than in the first to third inventions described above.

[0022]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of a brush seal device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the brush seal device according to the present invention, there are roughly four types of inventions for means for preventing foreign matters such as oil droplets having large oil mist attached to the strands from staying. The first stagnation prevention means prevents stagnation of foreign matter by utilizing the action of gravity, and the second stagnation prevention means generates a forced flow using centrifugal force generated by rotation of the rotating shaft. The third retention prevention means prevents oil droplets from being retained by providing an oil droplet catching means in a part of the brush seal. The fourth stagnation prevention means is configured to forcibly remove oil droplets by centrifugal force by rotating the brush seal itself, thereby preventing stagnation. Hereinafter, each invention will be described in detail with reference to an embodiment configured as a brush seal attached to prevent leakage of oil mist from around the rotation axis of the hydraulic machine.

First Embodiment FIGS. 1 and 2 show an oil mist adhering to a brush seal as a means for preventing the oil mist adhering to the brush seal and remaining as oil droplets. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the invention in which the element wire is quickly dropped into the machine by the action of the element wire to prevent oil droplets from staying in the element wire. The first embodiment can be effectively applied to a vertical hydraulic machine or the like.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 indicates a rotating shaft of a water turbine generator as an example in which the present invention is applied to a vertical hydraulic machine. The rotating shaft 10 is mounted on the machine in such a manner that its axial direction is vertical, and the lower side is the inside of the high pressure side and the upper side is the outside of the low pressure side. A brush seal 12 in which a large number of wires 2 are tightly bundled so as to orbit a rotary shaft 10 is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane, and is attached to a casing of a machine in parallel with each other.
3 and the back plate 14. The brush seal 12 according to the first embodiment is supported by the holding plate 13 and the back plate 14, respectively, in a posture in which the outer peripheral side is inclined downward at a lower slope than the inner peripheral side in contact with the rotating shaft 10. ing. The back plate 14 holds the inclined position of the brush seal 12, and applies a pressure difference between the high pressure side and the low pressure side to the brush seal 12.
Is supported to prevent deformation. The holding plate 13 is a wire 2
In addition to the original function of fixing the oil droplets to the casing 11, the length of the wire 2 is shorter than the length of the wire 2 so that the flow of the oil droplets can be smoothly guided as described later.

Next, the operation of the brush seal 10 constructed as described above will be described.

In FIG. 1, the arrow a indicates the flow of the fluid. In this example, it is air. The oil mist generated from the oil tank of the lubricating oil tends to flow out of the machine on the low pressure side along with the flow of the fluid, but receives resistance at the brush seal 12 and is sealed so as not to go outside the machine.

During this time, the oil mist carried together with the fluid is captured by the strand 2 forming the brush seal 12 and aggregates with the passage of time to form oil droplets 15 having a somewhat large particle diameter. Unlike the fine oil mist, the oil droplet 15 has a large particle diameter and has a mass enough to flow down the element wire 2 by gravity and flow down.
Oil droplet 1 that has grown to a certain particle size in the gap of the element wire 2
Numeral 5 flows downward along the inclined wire 2, that is, toward the outer peripheral side, and is further guided by the holding plate 13 to fall as shown by an arrow b in FIG. 1 and returned into the machine. .

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the holding plate 1
3. By attaching the brush seal 12 in an inclined position via the back plate 14, even if oil mist contained in the fluid adheres to the strand 2 of the brush seal 12, oil brush 15 having a certain particle diameter is formed. Then, it is possible to prevent stagnation because it naturally flows down due to gravity. Therefore, the stagnation of the oil droplets 15 between the strands 2 of the brush seal 12 causes
It is possible to prevent a reduction in the sealing effect caused by the convergence of the wire 2 and to prevent the rotary shaft from being damaged due to the oxidation of oil droplets generated at the tip of the wire 2 and the solid product of sludge.

FIG. 2 is a view showing another modification of the brush seal according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. In the brush seal 12 of FIG. 2, the holding plate 16 has a downwardly inclined surface 16 a formed so as to be continuous with the lower surface of the brush seal 12. Other components of the brush seal 12 are the same as those in FIG.

According to the brush seal 12 shown in FIG. 2, similarly to the brush seal shown in FIG. 1, when the oil mist caught by the strand 2 collects and becomes an oil droplet 15, the brush seal 12 is caused by its own weight.
Although it flows down along the inclination of the strand 2, the flow of the oil droplet 15 is smoothly guided along the inclined surface 16a of the holding plate 16 as shown by the arrow b, so that the adhesion and stagnation of the oil droplet 15 is more effectively reduced. Can be prevented.

Second Embodiment Next, an oil seal according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the second embodiment, means for generating a forced flow for forcibly discharging oil droplets to the outside using centrifugal force is provided on the rotating shaft as means for preventing accumulation of oil droplets adhering to the brush seal. As in the first embodiment, it can be effectively applied to a hydraulic machine such as a vertical turbine generator.

In FIG. 3, reference numeral 20 denotes a brush seal. In the second embodiment, the strand 2 forming the brush seal 20 is held between the holding plate 21 and the back plate 22 and is supported horizontally on the casing 11 of the machine. An umbrella-shaped oil drain 23 having a conical curved surface is attached to the rotating shaft 10 as forced flow generating means. It is preferable that the mounting position of the oil drain 23 be as close as possible to the brush seal 20 inside the machine.

FIG. 4 is a view showing an oil droplet discharging action exerted by the umbrella-shaped oil drain 23 attached to the rotating shaft 10. As shown in FIG. Oil mist adheres to the wire 2 of the brush seal 20 and eventually becomes an oil droplet 15, but since the oil drain 23 rotates at a high speed together with the rotating shaft 10, the fluid flowing on the surface 24 of the oil drain 23 Forced flow occurs due to the fluid friction created between and the surface 24. This forced flow is oil drain 2
3 is rotating at a high speed, and as shown by the arrow c, the vortex flows toward the radially outer peripheral side of the oil drain 23 under the influence of the centrifugal force.

Since the brush seal 20 is close to the oil drain 23 in which the forced vortex is generated on such a surface, the oil droplet 15 adhering to the wire 2 forming the brush seal 20 is formed.
As shown in FIG. 4, the oil is discharged to the oil drain 23 along a vortex. When the oil droplets 15 are discharged to the surface of the oil drain 23, the oil droplets 15 are blown off by centrifugal force, fall into the machine, and return.

According to this embodiment, even if the oil mist contained in the fluid adheres to the wire 2 of the brush seal 20 and becomes oil droplets, the oil droplets are generated by the vortex generated on the surface of the oil drain 23 by centrifugal force. Is forcibly discharged to the oil drain 23, so that stagnation can be prevented. Therefore, the stagnation of the oil droplets between the strands 2 of the brush seal 20 prevents the reduction of the sealing effect caused by the convergence of the strands 2, and also oxidizes the oil droplets generated at the tip of the strands 2 and generates sludge. Damage to the rotating shaft due to solid matter can be prevented beforehand.

FIG. 5 is a view showing another embodiment of the forced flow generating means in the brush seal of FIG. In the second embodiment, the outer shape of the umbrella-shaped oil drain 23 is
4 is the same as that of FIG. 4, but the surface 25 forming the conical curved surface is not smooth, but is intentionally processed into a coarse surface on which a large number of minute fine irregularities are formed. Such a roughened surface is formed by mechanical surface processing or by adding dimples.

According to the embodiment of FIG. 5, the countless smiling irregularities on the surface 25 of the oil drain 23 increase the frictional force with the fluid as much as possible.
The forced eddy current shown by the arrow c generated along the arrow is strengthened, and the above-described oil droplet discharging effect can be further enhanced.

Next, FIG. 6 is a view showing a third embodiment of an umbrella-shaped oil drain constituting the forced flow generating means in the brush seal. In the oil drain 23 according to the third embodiment, FIG. A plurality of discharge grooves 26 extending radially are formed on the surface. A groove 27 that circulates around the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 10 is formed at the base of the oil drain 23. The discharge groove 26 and the circumferential groove 27 communicate with each other. It is preferable that the position of the circumferential groove 27 be as close as possible to the lowermost element wire of the brush seal 20, as shown in FIG.

According to the umbrella-shaped oil drainer 23 shown in FIG. 6, the discharge groove 26 naturally guides the discharge of the oil droplets 15 discharged from the brush seal 20 by the action of the forced vortex c. However, since the discharge groove 26 forms irregularities extending in the surface 24 at right angles to the rotation direction, the frictional force between the fluid and the oil drain surface 24 becomes very large, and the flow of the forced vortex c increases. It also works. Furthermore, the circumferential groove 27
And the discharge groove 26 can exert a pumping action similar to a viscous pump with the rotation of the rotating shaft 10. Therefore, it is possible to more effectively discharge the oil droplets 15 led out from the brush seal 20 to the orbiting groove 27 as shown by arrows in FIG.

The discharge groove 2 formed in such an oil drain 24
6 are formed as radially linear grooves in FIG. 6, but as shown in FIG. 7, spiral discharge grooves 28 that are bent in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the rotating shaft 10.
It may be. According to this, since the centrifugal force acts more strongly on the oil droplets in the discharge groove 28, the viscous pump action can be further strengthened.

As described above, FIGS. 3 to 7 show examples in which the means for generating a forced flow for forcibly discharging the oil droplets on the rotary shaft 10 is provided as shown in FIG. Is an embodiment in which a torsion groove formed in a rotating shaft is applied as a forced flow generating means. 8, a groove 30 that is wider than the width of the brush seal 20 is formed on the rotating shaft 10 so as to go around the rotating shaft 10. Steps 31a and 31b are formed on both sides of the inside and the inside of the machine. Among them, entrances of a plurality of discharge grooves 32 are formed at regular intervals in the step portion 31a on the inside of the machine.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the discharge groove 32. The discharge groove 32 is formed such that an inlet 32a is opened in the step portion 31a, and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 10 is spirally inclined toward an outlet 32b at the end of the groove in a direction opposite to the rotation direction in a spiral shape. I have. Since the fluid in the machine always has viscosity, a high-speed rotation of the rotating shaft 10 generates a viscous pump action in the spiral discharge groove 32.

On the other hand, the brush seal 20 is arranged so that the tip end of the wire 2 faces the orbital groove 30, and the forced flow f generated by the viscous pump action is applied to the wire 2 by the inertia effect. Oil droplet 1 that affected partly and adhered to strand 2
5, the oil droplets 15 are discharged from between the strands along the flow of the forced flow f without stagnation, and are led out of the discharge groove 32 through the circulation groove 30.
You will be returned to the cabin.

Next, FIG. 10 shows a case in which a forced flow f is generated by viscous pump action as in FIG. 9 to forcibly discharge the oil droplets 15 attached to the brush seal 20. This is an example in which a screw groove 34 helically circulating is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 10 unlike the case of FIG. The screw groove 34 does not have such a large viscous pumping action as to generate a vigorous forced flow like the spiral groove 32 in FIG. 9. It is possible to exhibit a viscous pumping action that only takes out the oil droplets 15 located therebetween along the screw groove 34 into the machine along with the rotation of the rotating shaft 10.

The oil droplets 15 attached to the tip of the strand 2 of the brush seal 20 become hot due to frictional heat with the rotating shaft 10 rotating at a high speed, and the formation of oxidation and sludge is promoted to change into solids. This tends to cause damage to the rotating shaft 10 or cause bending vibration of the rotating shaft 10 due to heat generation.
However, since at least only the oil droplets attached to the distal end of the wire 2 are led out from the screw shaft 34 as described above, the oxidation of oil droplets 15 and the generation of sludge can be prevented.

Third Embodiment Next, as a third embodiment of the brush seal according to the present invention, the effect of gravity is obtained by holding the brush seal obliquely in the first embodiment and using oil mist adhering to the element wire as oil droplets. An embodiment of a brush seal in which the discharging structure is combined with an umbrella-shaped oil drain as a forced flow generating unit in the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

In FIG. 11, the brush seal 12 has a holding plate 13 and a back plate which are inclined with a downward slope in which the inner peripheral side contacting with the rotating shaft 10 is located lower than the outer peripheral side as in FIG. 14 and are supported. The holding plate 13 is formed with a downwardly inclined surface 13a. A pocket 36 is formed in the casing 11 so as to be continuous with the lower end surface of the holding plate 13. The pocket 36 is formed of a concave portion or a groove that receives the discharged oil droplets on a concave curved surface. On the other hand, an umbrella-shaped oil drain 23 having a conical curved surface similar to that shown in FIG. 3 is attached to the rotating shaft 10. The attachment position of the oil drain 23 is preferably as close as possible to the brush seal 12 on the inside of the machine and corresponding to the position of the pocket 36.

The minute suspended matter such as oil mist contained in the fluid is captured by the wire 2 constituting the brush seal 12 and gradually becomes an oil droplet 15 having a larger particle diameter than the oil mist. And stay between the wires 2. However, as described in the first embodiment, the oil droplet 15 moves toward the outer peripheral side of the brush seal 12 under the action of gravity, and further flows down along the inclined surface 13a of the holding plate 13 to enter the machine. Will be returned.

Further, by rotating the rotating shaft 10,
A frictional force and a centrifugal force act between the surface 24 of the oil drain 23 and the fluid to generate a forced vortex c. Due to the forced vortex c, the oil droplets 15 between the strands 2 are removed from the surface 2 of the oil drain 23.
3 and travels along the surface 23 and is scattered in the outer circumferential direction by centrifugal force. The splashed oil drops 15 are in pocket 3
6, but since it is processed into a concave curved surface, no new oil mist is generated at the time of the collision. As a result, the oil droplets 15 accumulate in the pockets 36, flow down the inner surface of the casing 11 to the inside of the machine, and return.

As described above, according to the third embodiment, the combined action of the oil droplet discharging action due to gravity and the forced oil drop discharging action due to the forced vortex generated by centrifugal force causes a gap between the strands of the brush seal. Since the oil droplets to be retained can be removed very efficiently, it is possible to more effectively prevent the deterioration of the sealing performance due to the retained oil droplets.

FIG. 12 shows another example of the fourth embodiment, in which the brush seal 12 is inclined downward from the outer peripheral portion to the inner peripheral portion.
Holding plate 13, back plate 1 so as to contact the surface of oil drain 23
4 and is attached to the casing 11.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, when the oil mist captured by the wire 2 becomes an oil droplet 15, the oil mist moves toward the lower inner periphery due to the effect of gravity. Under the influence of the forced vortex c generated on the surface 24 of the surface 23, it is pushed to the outer peripheral side of the surface 24, and is further blown off by centrifugal force. In this way, due to the combined action of the oil droplet discharging action by gravity and the forced oil drop discharging action by centrifugal force, the accumulation of oil drops between the strands of the brush seal can be effectively prevented.

Fourth Embodiment Next, a brush seal according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The embodiments described so far are examples in which a means for promoting the discharge of oil droplets is added separately from the main body of the brush seal as means for preventing stagnation of oil droplets between the strands of the brush seal. In the fourth embodiment, as a means for preventing stagnation of oil droplets adhering to the brush seal, the function of adjusting the elemental wire density of the brush seal in two stages and capturing the oil droplets in a portion having a low density is originally intended. This is an embodiment in which the sealing function is added in place of the sealing function described above, and after the oil droplets are sufficiently captured in advance, the original sealing function is exerted in a portion where the element wire density is high. The fourth embodiment is suitably applied to a horizontal hydraulic machine having a horizontal rotation axis.

In FIG. 13, the brush seal 50
Is different from the conventional brush seal in which the density of the strands is uniform, and the sealing portion 51 in which the density of the strands having the original sealing function of the brush seal 50 is high.
And the oil mist trapping unit 5 where the density of the wire is coarse
It consists of two. As shown in FIG.
Reference numeral 1 designates an oil mist trapping unit
2 is disposed inside the high-pressure machine. In this embodiment, the seal portion 51 and the oil mist capturing portion 52 are planted on the holding plate 21 so as to be adjacent to each other.

Wire 2 forming oil mist capturing section 52
As such, the same as the seal part 51 is used,
The sealing function is low, and has a function of catching only oil mist by widening the wire interval. That is, although the fluid sealed using the brush seal 50 has a large amount of gas,
The particle size of suspended matter such as oil mist is very large as compared with the regular wire interval of the brush seal. Therefore, in the oil mist capturing section 52, the gap between the wires is dared to be widened as much as possible to capture the oil mist, giving priority to the sealing property, and the sealing section 51 in which the fluid has the original sealing function is provided.
The oil mist is trapped before reaching the oil droplets, so that the oil droplets 15
Therefore, a stable sealing function can be maintained without problems such as stagnation.

The oil mist capturing section 52
FIGS. 14 and 15 further describe another embodiment.
FIG. 14 shows an example in which an inclined surface 53 a having a downward slope is provided on the end surface of the holding plate 53 toward the inside of the machine, and the discharging property of the oil droplets 15 captured by the oil mist capturing unit 52 is improved. Things. The element wire interval between the seal portion 51 and the oil mist capturing portion 52 is the same as in FIG.

In the oil mist catching section 52, since the wires 2 are sparsely arranged, the captured oil mist is
, There is a property that the surface tension from the strand 2 is hard to work. Therefore, the oil droplet 15 does not adhere due to surface tension, but travels along the wire 2 by gravity and
, And flows down along the inclined surface 53a and returns to the inside of the machine.

In another embodiment shown in FIG. 15, the oil droplets 1 can be more smoothly removed from the inclined surface 53a of the holding plate 53 of the brush seal 50.
This is an example in which a discharge tooth 54 in a form in which a plurality of ridges are arranged at regular intervals is provided as an oil droplet derivation promoting section along the direction of inclination of the inclined surface 53a so that No. 5 is derived. FIG.
FIG. 16 is an enlarged view of FIG. 15 showing the discharge teeth 54 from the inside of the machine. By providing such discharge teeth 54, the oil droplets captured by the oil mist capturing unit 52 travel down the wire 2 and are smoothly led out along the discharge teeth 54.

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 13 to 16 has a structure in which a seal portion 51 having a small distance between the wires 2 and an oil mist capturing portion 52 having a small distance between the wires 2 are adjacent to each other. In these embodiments, even if the oil droplets 15 are captured by the oil mist capturing unit 52, the brush seal 50 is pushed by the pressure of the fluid in the machine and moves toward the seal unit 51,
There is a possibility that the sealing function is hindered.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 17 improves this point. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 17, a gap between the seal portion 51 in which the wires 2 are closely spaced and an oil mist capturing portion 52 in which the wires 2 are sparsely spaced is provided. Is a brush seal 50 which is attached at a predetermined interval by interposing a spacer 55 between the holding plate 21 and the back plate 22.

As described above, the sealing portion 5 having the densely spaced wires 2 is provided.
The oil droplets 15 captured by the oil mist capturing unit 52 are subjected to the pressure of the fluid by arranging the oil mist capturing unit 52 having a small interval between the wire 1 and the wire 2 at a distance via the spacer 55. Can be reliably prevented from moving to the seal portion 51, so that the seal portion 51 can maintain the sealing performance and increase reliability without being hindered by oil droplets.

As a variation of the embodiment of FIG. 17, the holding plate 21 is replaced with the holding plate 21 in order to enhance the discharge property of the oil droplets captured by the oil mist capturing section 52, similarly to the brush seal 50 shown in FIG. And the inclined surface 53a of FIG.
May be provided. In this case, as shown in FIG. 18, preferably, the holding plate 56 is provided with the oil mist capturing portion 52 by utilizing the space between the seal portion 51 and the oil mist capturing portion 52 via the spacer 55. Slope 56 inclined from both sides
If the a and b are provided, the oil droplets 15 can flow down along the slopes 56a and 56b even more smoothly. In addition, a discharge hole 57 for discharging the oil droplet 15 that has flowed down into the machine is provided at a position where the slope 56a on the outside of the machine ends among the slopes 56a and 56b.

Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 19 is similar to the fourth embodiment in that the oil mist catching section 52 having a sparsely arranged wire interval is used in place of the oil mist catching section 52 having the same function as the fourth embodiment. An oil-capture plate 58 made of a material having, for example, a metal or a highly rigid material and having a mesh size sufficient to catch oil droplets is used as the oil-drop catching plate 58 via a spacer 55 with the brush seal 50. It is attached to the holding plate 21 at predetermined intervals. In particular, although not shown, the oil drop catching plate 58 is attached to the inside of the brush seal 50, and the brush seal 5 is mounted as in the embodiment of FIG.
It may be made to be adjacent to 0.

As described above, by using a material having a property of catching oil droplets as the oil mist catching section 52,
A conventional brush seal can be diverted as it is to prevent a decrease in sealing performance due to accumulation of oil droplets.

Fifth Embodiment Next, a brush seal according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

The brush seals according to the first to fourth embodiments described above are of a type in which the brush seals are attached to a machine housing via a holding plate and a back plate. In the fifth embodiment, the brush seals are used. A brush seal having a predetermined length of element wire is attached to a rotating shaft of a machine, and a large centrifugal force generated by rotation of the rotating shaft is directly applied to the brush seal. Since the oil droplets attached to the seal are scattered to prevent stagnation, the effect of discharging the oil droplets is more direct and powerful than in the first to fourth embodiments. The brush seal according to the fifth embodiment is suitably applied to a rotating shaft of a vertical hydraulic machine.

As shown in FIG. 20, a mounting disk 61 for mounting a brush seal 60 is mounted on the rotating shaft 10.
Is fixed on the mounting disk 61 so that the brush seal 6 is held between the back plate 62 and the holding plate 63.
0 is attached. The brush seal 60 is composed of two types of element wires having different lengths. In this case, a short strand 61a is arranged on the outside of the machine, and has a length such that the tip thereof contacts the inner peripheral surface of the housing 11, thereby ensuring the sealing performance. On the other hand, the longer wire 6
1b has a length enough to reach the catcher 64 which is formed in the casing 11 and has a stepped portion whose diameter is increased by the R processing.

According to the embodiment shown in FIG.
When the brush seal 60 is rotated together with 0, the oil mist 15 having large oil mist captured in the strands 61a and 61b of the brush seal 60 tends to fly radially outward due to a large centrifugal force. . Accordingly, the oil droplet 15 passes through the longer strand 61b, collides with the catcher 64, and is returned to the machine without adhering and staying in the brush seal 60. The catcher 64 receives the oil droplets 15 blown by the centrifugal force, prevents new oil mist from being generated at the time of collision, and plays a role of returning the oil droplets 15 to the inside of the machine smoothly. In addition, this catcher 64 is shown in FIG.
The shape of the discharge groove 36 as shown in FIG.

As described above, the brush seal 60 is
In the case of being attached to, as shown in FIG. 21, in order to further enhance the effect of preventing the accumulation of oil droplets due to centrifugal force,
The ends of the wires 65 of the brush seal 60 are trimmed so as to form a distal end surface 66 that is inclined downward and downward, and the inclined surface 67 is formed with the same inclination on the inner surface of the casing 11 with which the distal end surface 66 contacts. You may make it form as a catcher.

According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 21, even if the oil mist captured by the strand 65 of the brush seal 60 becomes an oil droplet, the oil mist is easily retained by the centrifugal force without staying in the brush seal 60. Since the tip of the element wire 66 is cut obliquely, the effect of discharging oil droplets can be further improved as compared with the brush seal configuration of FIG. When the vehicle collides with the inclined surface 67, the speed is converted into a downward direction, that is, toward the inside of the aircraft, and returned to the interior of the aircraft at high speed because the impact surface is inclined.

Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 22 is a conventional first brush seal 20 of a type attached to the casing side.
In this embodiment, the brush seal is arranged on the outside of the machine, and the second brush seal 60 similar to that shown in FIG.

According to the embodiment of FIG. 22, the fluid containing the oil mist first tries to pass through the second brush seal 60. At this time, the oil mist is
5 is captured by the element wire 65, and as described above, is blown radially outward by centrifugal force, collides with the inclined surface 67 constituting the catcher, and is returned into the machine. Therefore, the oil mist is almost completely removed from the fluid.
In the brush seal 20, no adverse effect such as a decrease in sealing performance due to oil droplets occurs, and the maintenance of the sealing function and the reliability over a long period of time can be ensured.

[0073]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the adhesion and stagnation of floating substances such as oil mist contained in the fluid to the wires constituting the brush seal are prevented, and the sealing is achieved. We show performance well over a long term,
A long-term reliable brush seal device can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of a brush seal device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the brush seal device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a second embodiment of the brush seal device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the brush seal device of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a second example of the brush seal device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a third example of the brush seal device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a modification of the brush seal device of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing another example of the viscous pump mechanism of the brush seal device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the viscous pump mechanism of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the viscous pump.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing a third embodiment of the brush seal device according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing another example of the brush seal device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the brush seal device according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view showing another example of the brush seal device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a sectional view showing another modified example of the brush seal device of FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is an enlarged front view showing a main part of the brush seal device of FIG. 15;

FIG. 17 is a sectional view showing a second example of the fourth embodiment of the brush seal device according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a sectional view showing another modified example of the brush seal device of FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is a sectional view showing a third example of the fourth embodiment of the brush seal device according to the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a sectional view showing a brush seal device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a sectional view showing another example of the fifth embodiment of the brush seal device according to the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a sectional view showing a third example of the fifth embodiment of the brush seal device according to the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a sectional view showing a conventional brush seal device.

FIG. 24 is an explanatory view showing the operation of a conventional brush seal device.

FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of a water turbine generator to which a conventional brush seal is applied.

FIG. 26 is a view for explaining the effect of oil mist adhering to strands in a conventional brush seal device.

FIG. 27 is a view for explaining an operation of changing an interval between wires by oil mist adhering to the wires becoming oil droplets.

FIG. 28 is a view for explaining the action of an oil droplet attached to the tip of a strand being transformed by heat due to friction with a rotating shaft.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 strand 10 rotating shaft 12 brush seal 13 holding plate 14 back plate 15 oil drop 20 brush seal 21 holding plate 22 back plate 23 oil drain 24 surface 30 groove 32 discharge groove 36 pocket 50 brush seal 51 seal portion 52 oil mist catching portion

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Satoshi Nanami 2-4-4 Suehirocho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Toshiba Keihin Works Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toshio Hirano Suehirocho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 2-4-4 Toshiba Keihin Works Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tatsuo Yamashita 2-4 Suehirocho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture F-terms in Toshiba Keihin Works Co., Ltd. 3H072 AA07 AA27 BB11 BB16 BB19 BB27 CC68 3J043 AA16 BA10 CA13 CB13 DA07

Claims (24)

[Claims] 1. A brush seal device for preventing leakage of fluid from around a rotation axis of a rotary machine by a brush-like assembly of element wires, wherein said brush seal apparatus is formed in a ring shape at a predetermined density so as to surround said rotation axis in a circumferential direction. A brush seal made of the united wires is arranged between the rotating shaft and the casing of the machine,
A brush seal device comprising: a retention device for preventing suspended matter contained in the fluid adhering to the wire from remaining between the wires. 2. A brush seal device for preventing leakage of fluid from around a rotation axis of a rotary machine by a brush-like assembly of strands, wherein said brush seal apparatus is annularly formed at a predetermined density so as to surround said rotation axis in a circumferential direction. A brush seal made of the united wires is disposed between the rotating shaft and the casing of the machine so as to be inclined downward toward the outer peripheral portion thereof, and a floating substance attached between the wires is subjected to the action of the wires by the action of gravity. A brush seal device characterized in that the brush is discharged to the inside of the machine along the line. 3. An inclined surface which holds the brush seal between a holding plate arranged inside the machine and a back plate arranged outside the machine, and which smoothly discharges floating substances flowing down along a wire of the brush seal. The brush seal device according to claim 2, wherein the holding plate is formed on the holding plate. 4. A brush seal device for preventing leakage of fluid from around a rotation axis of a rotary machine by a brush-like aggregate of element wires, wherein said brush seal apparatus is formed in a ring shape at a predetermined density so as to surround said rotation axis in a circumferential direction. A brush seal made of the united wires is arranged between the rotating shaft and the casing of the machine,
Forced flow generating means for generating a forced flow for forcibly discharging suspended matter contained in the fluid attached to the wire from the wire by utilizing centrifugal force generated by rotation of a rotating shaft is provided. A brush seal device. 5. The forcible flow generating means comprises an umbrella-shaped oil drain member attached to the rotary shaft at a position close to a brush seal inside the machine.
A brush seal device according to item 1. 6. A brush seal device according to claim 5, wherein said umbrella-shaped oil draining member is provided with a forced flow urging means for strengthening the flow of the forced flow. 7. The brush according to claim 6, wherein said forced flow urging means comprises a roughened surface or a dimple-shaped uneven surface having an increased surface roughness of said umbrella-shaped oil draining member. Sealing device. 8. The brush seal device according to claim 6, wherein said forced flow urging means comprises a discharge groove radially formed on a surface of said umbrella-shaped oil draining member. 9. The brush seal device according to claim 8, wherein the discharge groove is a spiral discharge groove that bends in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating shaft. 10. A forcible flow generating means, comprising: a circumferential groove formed on a rotating shaft at a position facing a tip end of a brush seal;
The brush seal according to claim 4, comprising a discharge groove formed on an outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft so as to have an inlet portion communicating with the orbital groove and to be bent in a direction opposite to a rotation direction of the rotary shaft. apparatus. 11. The forcible flow generating means includes a thread groove which spirals the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft in a direction opposite to the rotational direction of the rotary shaft starting from a portion where the tip of the brush seal contacts. The brush seal device according to claim 10, wherein: 12. A brush seal device for preventing leakage of fluid from around a rotation axis of a rotary machine by a brush-like aggregate of element wires, wherein said brush seal apparatus is formed in a ring shape at a predetermined density so as to surround said rotation axis in a circumferential direction. A brush seal made of the united wires is disposed between the rotating shaft and the casing of the machine so as to be inclined downward toward the outer peripheral portion thereof, and a floating substance attached between the wires is subjected to the action of the wires by the action of gravity. And a forced flow generating means for generating a forced flow for forcibly discharging suspended matter from the strand using centrifugal force generated by rotation of the rotating shaft. Characterized brush seal device. 13. The brush seal device according to claim 12, wherein a pocket having a concave curved surface for receiving a floating substance forcibly discharged from the strand is provided in the casing. 14. The brush seal according to claim 12, wherein said brush seal is inclined at a downward slope toward an inner peripheral portion so as to guide suspended matter attached between the strands to said forced flow generating means. The brush seal device as described in the above. 15. A brush seal device for preventing leakage of fluid from around a rotation axis of a rotary machine by a brush-like assembly of element wires, wherein said brush seal apparatus is annularly formed at a predetermined density so as to surround said rotation axis in a circumferential direction. The brush seal made of the tied strands is composed of a seal part having a high strand density and a suspended matter trapping part disposed inside the seal part and having a low strand density. A brush seal device. 16. The brush seal device according to claim 15, wherein an inclined surface for facilitating discharge of the suspended matter is provided on a holding plate for retaining the suspended matter capturing portion. 17. The brush seal device according to claim 16, wherein said inclined surface is further provided with a convex discharge promoting portion for promoting discharge of suspended matter. 18. The brush seal device according to claim 15, wherein the seal portion and the suspended matter capturing portion are arranged at a fixed interval. 19. A holding plate for holding said floating substance catching section is provided with an inclined surface which is inclined toward the inside of the machine and toward the sealing section side, and discharges floating substances between the floating substance capturing section and the sealing section. The brush seal device according to claim 18, wherein holes are arranged. 20. The brush seal device according to claim 15, wherein a trapping plate having a property of trapping a floating substance is used instead of the floating substance capturing portion being a wire sparsely bound. . 21. A brush seal device for preventing leakage of fluid from around a rotation axis of a rotary machine by a brush-like assembly of element wires, wherein said brush seal apparatus is annularly formed at a predetermined density so as to surround said rotation axis in a circumferential direction. A brush seal device, wherein a brush seal made of a united wire is attached to the rotating shaft, and the brush seal is made of a wire whose length changes in a predetermined pattern. 22. The brush seal is composed of two types of wires, long and short, and the longer wire is formed on the casing side of the machine and guides the floating material attached to the wires to a receiving surface for receiving the floating material. 22. The brush seal device according to claim 21, wherein: 23. The brush seal according to claim 21, wherein the end of the wire is trimmed so as to form an inclined surface, and the inclined surface of the end of the wire comes into contact with the casing side of the machine and has substantially the same inclination. 22. The brush seal device according to claim 21, wherein the surface is a receiving surface for receiving a floating substance. 24. The brush seal device according to claim 21, wherein another brush seal is attached to a machine casing outside the brush seal.