JP2003053343A - Method for treating waste water on decontamination or demolishing of incineration furnace facility for waste - Google Patents
Method for treating waste water on decontamination or demolishing of incineration furnace facility for wasteInfo
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- JP2003053343A JP2003053343A JP2001250986A JP2001250986A JP2003053343A JP 2003053343 A JP2003053343 A JP 2003053343A JP 2001250986 A JP2001250986 A JP 2001250986A JP 2001250986 A JP2001250986 A JP 2001250986A JP 2003053343 A JP2003053343 A JP 2003053343A
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- wastewater
- decontamination
- water
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- treating
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- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、ごみ焼却炉等の廃
棄物焼却炉設備の除染又は解体作業時に排出される排水
の処理方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for treating waste water discharged during decontamination or demolition work of waste incinerator equipment such as a refuse incinerator.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術及び先行技術】ごみ焼却炉等の焼却炉にお
いては、燃焼中に、フェノール、ベンゼン、アセチレン
等の有機化合物、クロロフェノール、クロロベンゼン等
の塩素系芳香族化合物や塩素系アルキル化合物等のダイ
オキシン類前駆体が発生する。これらのダイオキシン類
前駆体は、飛灰が共存するとその触媒作用でポリ塩化−
ｐ−ジベンゾダイオキシン類（ＰＣＤＤ），ポリ塩化ジ
ベンゾフラン類（ＰＣＤＦ），コプラナーポリクロロビ
フェニル等の有機塩素化合物（以下、これらを併せて
「ダイオキシン類」と称する。）を生成する。2. Description of the Related Art In an incinerator such as a garbage incinerator, organic compounds such as phenol, benzene and acetylene, chlorinated aromatic compounds such as chlorophenol and chlorobenzene, and chlorinated alkyl compounds are combusted during combustion. Dioxin precursor is generated. These dioxin precursors are polychlorinated by the catalytic action of fly ash when they coexist.
An organic chlorine compound such as p-dibenzodioxins (PCDD), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF), coplanar polychlorobiphenyl, etc. (hereinafter, these are collectively referred to as “dioxins”) is produced.
【０００３】生成したダイオキシン類は、ごみ焼却運転
中に添加されるダイオキシン類分解剤や吸着剤により除
去されたり、焼却灰中に含有されて焼却炉から排出さ
れ、その後分解処理されたりするが、一部は、炉壁、煙
道等に付着して残留する。また、ダイオキシン類の一部
は、焼却炉中に残留した灰等に付着して焼却炉内に残留
する。The produced dioxins are removed by a dioxins decomposing agent or adsorbent added during refuse incineration operation, or contained in incinerated ash and discharged from the incinerator, and then decomposed. Part of it adheres to the furnace wall, flue, etc. and remains. Moreover, a part of dioxins adheres to the ash and the like remaining in the incinerator and remains in the incinerator.
【０００４】焼却炉ではまた、焼却されたごみ等の廃棄
物中に含まれていた重金属類が灰等に含有されて残留す
る。In the incinerator, heavy metals contained in wastes such as incinerated waste are contained in ash and the like and remain.
【０００５】ところで、ごみ焼却炉等の廃棄物焼却炉設
備が老朽化した場合、或いは、広域化のために統合され
る場合、更には周辺設備を更新する場合等においては、
既存の焼却炉を解体することが必要となる。この解体に
当たっては、焼却炉内に残留するダイオキシン類や重金
属類等の汚染物のために作業環境が著しく損なわれるこ
とから、作業の安全性を確保するべく、先に労働省労働
基準局長より「廃棄物焼却施設解体工事におけるダイオ
キシン類による健康障害防止について」の通達が出され
た。本通達では、焼却施設解体時の汚染除去作業時に発
生する発塵防止のために、例えば、次のように高圧水に
よる洗浄で焼却炉設備内の付着物を除去する除染作業を
行うことが義務付けられた。
「解体対象設備の汚染除去
解体前に対象設備の汚染除去を以下の方法により行うこ
と。
炉内壁及び設備内部等、対象部分が確認できる箇所
については、高圧水洗浄等により汚染除去を行うこと。
煙道等、狭隘な場所については、フランジ部分を手
作業により外した後、高圧水洗浄等により汚染除去を行
うこと。」By the way, when the waste incinerator equipment such as a refuse incinerator is deteriorated or integrated for wide area, or when the peripheral equipment is renewed,
It is necessary to dismantle the existing incinerator. At the time of this dismantling, the work environment will be significantly impaired by contaminants such as dioxins and heavy metals remaining in the incinerator. Circumstances regarding the prevention of health hazards due to dioxins in the dismantling work of incinerator facilities "was issued. In this Circular, in order to prevent dust generation during decontamination work when dismantling an incinerator, for example, decontamination work to remove deposits in the incinerator equipment by washing with high-pressure water is performed as follows. Obliged. "Decontamination of equipment to be dismantled Decontamination of equipment to be dismantled before dismantling should be performed by the following method. Decontamination should be performed by high-pressure water cleaning, etc., at locations where the target parts such as the inner wall of the furnace and the inside of the equipment can be confirmed. For small areas such as flues, remove the flange by hand, and then remove contaminants by washing with high pressure water. "
【０００６】この高圧水洗浄時の洗浄水としては、一般
的には水道水や工業用水が使用される。また、洗浄で発
生する洗浄排水は、通常その地域の排水基準及び下水道
等放流基準により放流されることとなる。Generally, tap water or industrial water is used as the washing water during the washing with high pressure water. In addition, the cleaning wastewater generated by cleaning is normally discharged according to the drainage standards of the area and the discharge standards of sewers.
【０００７】上記高圧水洗浄に使用される洗浄水量は、
当該廃棄物焼却炉設備の規模及び汚染状況によっても異
なるが、大量の洗浄水が必要となることが予想される。
従って、水道水等の補給水を節減すると共に、下水道等
への放流水を大幅に低減するために、洗浄排水は再利用
可能な水質に処理した後洗浄水として再利用することが
望まれる。The amount of cleaning water used for the above high pressure water cleaning is
Although it depends on the scale of the waste incinerator facility and the state of pollution, it is expected that a large amount of cleaning water will be required.
Therefore, in order to reduce the amount of makeup water such as tap water and to greatly reduce the amount of water discharged to sewers, it is desirable that the cleaning wastewater be reused as cleaning water after being treated to have reusable water quality.
【０００８】高圧水洗浄による汚染物除去対象部分別に
廃棄物焼却炉設備を分類すると、焼却炉、廃熱ボイラ、
煙道、ガス冷却装置、集塵装置、煙突、灰ピット、排水
処理ピット等であり、汚染物の除去対象は、これらの炉
設備各部に付着している煤塵等の付着物、炉底やピット
等に残存、堆積している煤塵、焼却灰、ボイラダスト及
び汚泥類である。When the waste incinerator equipment is classified according to the parts to be removed of contaminants by high-pressure water cleaning, the incinerator, the waste heat boiler, and
It is a flue, a gas cooling device, a dust collector, a chimney, an ash pit, a wastewater treatment pit, and the like, and the target for removing contaminants is the deposits such as soot and dust adhering to these furnace equipment parts, the furnace bottom and pits. It is soot dust, incineration ash, boiler dust and sludge that have remained and accumulated in the etc.
【０００９】従って、高圧水洗浄で発生する洗浄排水
は、高圧水で剥離、除去したこれらの汚染物を含むもの
であり、埋立基準、排水基準等に設定されている物質が
多量に且つ複合的に含有されたものとなる。この洗浄排
水中の汚染物は、ｐＨ、イオン強度、油分含有量等の排
水水質によって溶解性も異なる。一方で、高圧水洗浄の
洗浄水としての使用には、次のようなことが求められる
ことから、洗浄排水の回収再利用に当っては、一連の水
処理システムで下記要求項目を満たす水質の再利用水を
得ることが必要となる。
(1) 高圧水洗浄機ポンプの目詰まりを防止するため
に、懸濁物質濃度を低く抑える。
(2) ダイオキシン類濃度及び重金属類濃度を十分に低
減する。高圧水洗浄時の作業雰囲気は、高圧水と汚染付
着物との接触による摩擦熱等で作業場は高温になり、再
利用水成分の空気中への気化、揮散がある。解体は作業
場全体を隔離しており、この隔離された作業場において
高圧水洗浄作業中はエアラインマスク等呼吸用保護具を
装着するが、作業場系内が水を循環することによりダイ
オキシン類及び重金属類等の有害物質が作業系内におい
て濃縮傾向になってはならない。
(3) 解体後、排出される廃棄物表面に残存する塩類付
着物量を減少させると共に、使用機器の腐食トラブル防
止のために、塩類濃度を低く抑える。
(4) 再利用のための水処理システム系から系外に排水
できるよう、下水放流基準あるいは排水基準を満足する
こと。Therefore, the cleaning wastewater generated by the high-pressure water cleaning contains these contaminants that have been peeled off and removed with the high-pressure water, and a large amount of the substances set in the landfill standard, drainage standard, etc. Will be included in. The contaminants in the cleaning wastewater also have different solubilities depending on the wastewater quality such as pH, ionic strength, and oil content. On the other hand, since the use of high-pressure water cleaning as cleaning water requires the following, when recovering and reusing cleaning wastewater, a series of water treatment systems must meet the requirements below. It is necessary to obtain recycled water. (1) In order to prevent clogging of the high-pressure water washer pump, keep the concentration of suspended substances low. (2) Sufficiently reduce the concentrations of dioxins and heavy metals. The working atmosphere during high-pressure water cleaning becomes high temperature in the workplace due to frictional heat caused by contact between high-pressure water and contaminated deposits, and reused water components are vaporized and volatilized into the air. Dismantling isolates the entire work area.While high-pressure water is being washed in this isolated work area, wear respiratory protective equipment such as an air line mask, but dioxin and heavy metals are circulated by circulating water in the work area. Hazardous substances such as should not tend to concentrate in the working system. (3) After dismantling, reduce the amount of salt deposits remaining on the surface of the discharged waste and keep the salt concentration low in order to prevent corrosion troubles of the equipment used. (4) Sewage discharge standards or drainage standards must be satisfied so that water can be discharged from the water treatment system for reuse.
【００１０】更に、高圧水洗浄で用いる洗浄水量は時間
変動が激しく、しかも、汚染物の成分及び濃度も発生場
所等により大きく異なるため、洗浄排水の水処理システ
ムには、水量負荷変動、水質負荷変動にも十分に対応で
きることが望まれる。Further, since the amount of washing water used for washing with high-pressure water varies drastically with time, and the components and concentrations of pollutants also greatly vary depending on the place of occurrence, the washing wastewater water treatment system is subject to fluctuations in water quantity load and water quality load. It is desirable to be able to cope with fluctuations sufficiently.
【００１１】このような要求条件を満たす水システムと
して、本出願人は先に、廃棄物焼却炉設備内の付着物に
高圧水を吹き付けて該付着物を剥離する剥離工程と、該
剥離工程から排出するスラリーを無害化処理する処理工
程と、該処理工程から流出する処理物から水を分離する
水分離工程と、該水分離工程で分離された水を前記剥離
工程の高圧水として該剥離工程に送給する工程とを有す
る廃棄物焼却炉設備の洗浄方法を提案した（特願２００
０−３７４６５０。以下「先願」という。）。この方法
では、無害化処理工程として、キレート剤等による重金
属不溶化工程と活性炭によるダイオキシン類吸着工程と
を行い、その後、凝集剤を添加して凝集沈殿処理を行っ
ている。As a water system satisfying such requirements, the present applicant has previously described a peeling step of spraying high pressure water on the deposits in the waste incinerator facility to remove the deposits, and A treatment step of detoxifying the discharged slurry, a water separation step of separating water from a treated product flowing out from the treatment step, and the peeling step using the water separated in the water separation step as high-pressure water in the peeling step. Proposed a method for cleaning waste incinerator equipment, which has a step of sending to
0-374650. Hereinafter referred to as "first application". ). In this method, as a detoxification treatment step, a heavy metal insolubilization step using a chelating agent and the like and a dioxin adsorption step using activated carbon are performed, and then a flocculant is added to perform a flocculation-precipitation treatment.
【００１２】上記先願の方法によれば、各工程で順次重
金属類の不溶化及びやダイオキシン類の吸着を行って、
凝集反応工程で不溶化物や懸濁物質を凝集分離すること
により、良好な再利用水を得ることができる。また、こ
の方法では、多段階の反応工程を経ることで、水質変動
や水量変動にも十分に対応することが可能となる。According to the method of the above-mentioned prior application, insolubilization of heavy metals and adsorption of dioxins are sequentially carried out in each step,
Good recycle water can be obtained by coagulating and separating the insoluble matter and the suspended substance in the coagulation reaction step. Further, in this method, it is possible to sufficiently cope with fluctuations in water quality and fluctuations in water amount by passing through multi-step reaction steps.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、先願の
方法では、ダイオキシン類を吸着し、高濃度でダイオキ
シン類を含有する活性炭が後段の凝集沈殿分離工程で少
量であっても処理水側に流出すると、処理水中のダイオ
キシン類濃度が高くなり、排水基準や環境基準を満たす
ことができず、処理水を放流し得なくなる可能性があ
る。However, according to the method of the prior application, the activated carbon which adsorbs dioxins and contains dioxins at a high concentration flows to the treated water side even in a small amount in the subsequent coagulation-separation step. Then, the concentration of dioxins in the treated water becomes high, the wastewater standard and the environmental standard cannot be satisfied, and the treated water may not be discharged.
【００１４】また、凝集沈殿分離には、大きな凝集沈殿
設備を必要とし、設備スペースの面でも問題がある。In addition, a large coagulation sedimentation facility is required for the coagulation sedimentation separation, and there is a problem in terms of equipment space.
【００１５】本発明は、上記先願の問題点を解決し、廃
棄物焼却炉設備の除染又は解体時に排出される排水を処
理するに当たり、不溶化物や懸濁物質を確実に分離除去
して良好な水質の処理水を安定かつ確実に得ると共に、
現場に対応したコンパクトな処理装置で処理可能な廃棄
物焼却炉設備の除染・解体排水の処理方法を提供するこ
とを目的とする。The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior application, and in treating wastewater discharged at the time of decontamination or dismantling of waste incinerator equipment, insoluble matter and suspended substances are reliably separated and removed. Stable and surely obtain treated water of good quality,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for treating decontamination / demolition wastewater of a waste incinerator facility that can be treated with a compact treatment device suitable for the site.
【００１６】[0016]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の廃棄物焼却炉設
備の除染・解体排水の処理方法は、廃棄物焼却炉設備の
除染又は解体時に排出される排水（除染・解体排水）を
処理する方法において、該排水に重金属処理剤を添加し
て重金属を処理する重金属処理工程と、該排水に吸着剤
を添加して吸着処理する吸着処理工程と、重金属処理工
程及び吸着処理工程を経た処理水を膜により固液分離処
理する膜処理工程とを有することを特徴とする。[Means for Solving the Problems] The method for treating decontamination / demolition wastewater of waste incinerator equipment of the present invention is a wastewater discharged during decontamination or demolition of waste incinerator equipment (decontamination / demolition wastewater). In the method of treating a heavy metal treatment step of treating a heavy metal by adding a heavy metal treatment agent to the wastewater, an adsorption treatment step of adding an adsorbent to the wastewater to perform an adsorption treatment, a heavy metal treatment step and an adsorption treatment step. And a membrane treatment step of subjecting the treated water thus treated to a solid-liquid separation treatment with a membrane.
【００１７】この方法では、除染・解体排水中の重金属
類を重金属処理剤で不溶化し、また、溶存しているダイ
オキシン類を活性炭等の吸着剤で吸着除去し、その後、
膜処理により不溶化物ないし懸濁物質を高度に除去する
ことにより、除染又は解体時に発生する重金属類及びダ
イオキシン類を含む排水を無害化し、放流ないし再利用
可能な処理水を安定かつ確実に得ることができる。ま
た、膜処理であれば、凝集沈殿処理のような大きな設備
は必要なく、設置のコンパクト化、設置スペースの節減
を図ることができる。In this method, heavy metals in decontamination / demolition wastewater are insolubilized with a heavy metal treatment agent, and dissolved dioxin is adsorbed and removed with an adsorbent such as activated carbon, and then,
By highly removing insoluble matter or suspended matter by membrane treatment, wastewater containing heavy metals and dioxins generated during decontamination or dismantling is rendered harmless, and treated water that can be discharged or reused can be obtained stably and reliably. be able to. In addition, the membrane treatment does not require a large facility such as coagulation-sedimentation treatment, so that the installation can be made compact and the installation space can be reduced.
【００１８】本発明において、重金属処理剤としては、
ジチオカルバミン酸系キレート剤、鉄塩、硫化物、珪酸
塩、リン酸、リン酸塩及び炭酸塩よりなる群から選ばれ
る１種又は２種以上が好ましい。また、吸着剤として
は、活性炭、活性コークス等の炭素系吸着剤、及びゼオ
ライト、珪藻土等の無機系吸着剤よりなる群から選ばれ
る１種又は２種以上が好ましい。In the present invention, the heavy metal treating agent includes
One or more selected from the group consisting of dithiocarbamic acid chelating agents, iron salts, sulfides, silicates, phosphoric acids, phosphates and carbonates are preferable. The adsorbent is preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of carbon-based adsorbents such as activated carbon and activated coke, and inorganic adsorbents such as zeolite and diatomaceous earth.
【００１９】また、膜処理工程で用いる膜としては、セ
ラミック膜、又は高分子膜が好適である。Further, as the film used in the film processing step, a ceramic film or a polymer film is suitable.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の実施の形態】以下に図面を参照して本発明の実
施の形態を詳細に説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
【００２１】図１は本発明の廃棄物焼却炉設備の除染・
解体排水の処理方法の実施の形態を示す系統図である。FIG. 1 shows the decontamination of the waste incinerator equipment of the present invention.
It is a system diagram which shows embodiment of the processing method of disassembly wastewater.
【００２２】図１の方法では、ごみ焼却炉等の廃棄物焼
却炉設備の除染又は解体時に、設備内に付着した汚染物
に高圧水を吹き付けてこれを剥離除去する高圧水洗浄等
で発生する除染・解体排水をまず重金属処理工程１に送
給し、重金属処理槽にて重金属処理剤を添加して、排水
中の重金属を不溶化する。In the method of FIG. 1, when decontaminating or dismantling a waste incinerator facility such as a refuse incinerator, high pressure water is sprayed on the contaminants adhering to the facility to remove and remove the contaminants. First, the decontamination / demolition wastewater is sent to the heavy metal treatment step 1, and the heavy metal treatment agent is added in the heavy metal treatment tank to insolubilize the heavy metal in the wastewater.
【００２３】ここで用いる重金属処理剤としては、ジチ
オカルバミン酸系キレート剤、鉄塩、硫化物、珪酸塩、
リン酸、リン酸塩、炭酸塩等が挙げられ、排水中に含ま
れる重金属の種類に応じて、１種又は２種以上のものを
選定使用することが好ましい。As the heavy metal treating agent used here, dithiocarbamic acid type chelating agent, iron salt, sulfide, silicate,
Phosphoric acid, phosphates, carbonates and the like can be mentioned, and it is preferable to select and use one or two or more kinds according to the kind of heavy metal contained in the wastewater.
【００２４】例えば、排水中の鉛（Ｐｂ）、カドミウム
（Ｃｄ）、水銀（Ｈｇ）等の２価の重金属を不溶化する
ための薬剤としては、ジチオカルバミン酸系キレート剤
が最適であるが、ジチオカルバミン酸系キレート剤に限
らず、これらの重金属の不溶化能を有する硫化物、珪酸
塩、リン酸、リン酸塩、炭酸塩等であっても良い。For example, a dithiocarbamic acid-based chelating agent is most suitable as a chemical for insolubilizing divalent heavy metals such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) in waste water. The chelates are not limited to the system chelating agents, and may be sulfides, silicates, phosphoric acids, phosphates, carbonates and the like having the ability to insolubilize these heavy metals.
【００２５】チオカルバミン酸系キレート剤の添加量
は、被処理排水中の上記重金属濃度に応じて適宜決定さ
れるが、一般的には１０〜１００ｍｇ／Ｌ程度である。
このチオカルバミン酸系キレート剤による不溶化処理の
ｐＨはｐＨ５〜９．５程度が好ましく、必要に応じてア
ルカリ等を添加してこのようなｐＨ範囲に調整するのが
好ましい。The amount of the thiocarbamic acid type chelating agent added is appropriately determined according to the concentration of the heavy metal in the waste water to be treated, but is generally about 10 to 100 mg / L.
The pH of the insolubilization treatment with the thiocarbamic acid-based chelating agent is preferably about pH 5 to 9.5, and it is preferable to add an alkali or the like as necessary to adjust the pH range.
【００２６】また、排水中に６価クロム（Ｃｒ６＋）、
砒素（Ａｓ）、セレン（Ｓｅ）が存在する場合には、別
途鉄塩、好ましくは第一鉄塩を添加して、第一鉄塩によ
る還元、及び共存するカルシウム塩、アルミニウム塩、
鉄塩水酸化物による共沈によりこれらを不溶化処理す
る。この第一鉄塩としては、硫酸第一鉄（ＦｅＳ
Ｏ４）、塩化第一鉄（ＦｅＣｌ２）等が好ましく、その
添加量は被処理排水中のＣｒ６ ＋等の重金属濃度に応じ
て適宜決定されるが、一般的には３０〜３００ｍｇ／Ｌ
程度である。鉄塩による不溶化処理のｐＨはｐＨ７〜１
２．５特にｐＨ８．５〜９．５とするのが好ましいが、
Ａｓ、Ｓｅ、Ｃｒ６＋等の還元にはｐＨ５．５〜６．５
が適するのでこれらの濃度が高い場合は一度塩酸等の酸
を加えてｐＨを下げた後、アルカリを添加する。Hexavalent chromium (Cr 6+ ) in the waste water,
When arsenic (As) and selenium (Se) are present, an iron salt, preferably a ferrous salt, is added separately for reduction by the ferrous salt and coexisting calcium salt, aluminum salt,
These are insolubilized by coprecipitation with iron salt hydroxide. As the ferrous salt, ferrous sulfate (FeS
O 4 ), ferrous chloride (FeCl 2 ) and the like are preferable, and the addition amount thereof is appropriately determined according to the concentration of heavy metals such as Cr 6 + in the waste water to be treated, but generally 30 to 300 mg / L.
It is a degree. The pH of the insolubilization treatment with iron salt is pH 7-1.
2.5 Especially, it is preferable that the pH is 8.5 to 9.5,
For the reduction of As, Se, Cr 6+, etc., pH 5.5 to 6.5.
Therefore, when these concentrations are high, an acid such as hydrochloric acid is once added to lower the pH, and then an alkali is added.
【００２７】重金属処理工程１の処理水は、次いで吸着
処理工程２に送給し、吸着剤を添加してダイオキシン類
の吸着処理を行う。この吸着剤としては、活性炭、活性
コークス等の炭素系吸着剤、ゼオライト、珪藻土等の無
機系吸着剤等の１種又は２種以上を用いることができる
が、粉末活性炭が好ましい。用いる粉末活性炭には特に
制限はないが、取り扱い性、吸着性等の面で平均粒径１
０〜４０μｍ、特に１５〜３５μｍ程度のものが好まし
い。この粉末活性炭の添加量は、被処理排水中のダイオ
キシン類濃度に応じて適宜決定されるが、一般的には１
０〜１５００ｍｇ／Ｌ、好ましくは１０〜１５０ｍｇ／
Ｌ程度である。The treated water of the heavy metal treatment step 1 is then fed to the adsorption treatment step 2 and an adsorbent is added to perform an adsorption treatment of dioxins. As this adsorbent, one or more kinds of carbon-based adsorbents such as activated carbon and activated coke, inorganic adsorbents such as zeolite and diatomaceous earth can be used, and powdered activated carbon is preferable. The powdered activated carbon to be used is not particularly limited, but the average particle size is 1 in terms of handleability and adsorption.
It is preferably 0 to 40 μm, and particularly preferably 15 to 35 μm. The amount of the powdered activated carbon added is appropriately determined according to the concentration of dioxins in the wastewater to be treated, but generally 1
0 to 1500 mg / L, preferably 10 to 150 mg / L
It is about L.
【００２８】吸着処理工程２の処理水は、次いで膜処理
工程３に送給して、重金属の不溶化物ないし懸濁物質、
即ちダイオキシン類を吸着した吸着剤を固液分離する。The treated water of the adsorption treatment step 2 is then fed to the membrane treatment step 3 to insolubilize heavy metals or suspended substances,
That is, the adsorbent that has adsorbed dioxins is subjected to solid-liquid separation.
【００２９】膜処理工程３で用いる膜の種類としては特
に制限はないが、吸着剤として粉末活性炭を用いた場
合、粉末活性炭は硬度の高い粒子であるため、耐摩耗性
に優れたセラミック膜、高分子膜等の精密濾過（ＭＦ）
膜、限外濾過（ＵＦ）膜等を用いるのが好ましい。The type of film used in the film treatment step 3 is not particularly limited, but when powdered activated carbon is used as the adsorbent, the powdered activated carbon is a particle having high hardness, and therefore a ceramic film excellent in abrasion resistance, Microfiltration of polymer membranes (MF)
It is preferable to use a membrane, an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane or the like.
【００３０】高分子膜としては、酢酸セルロース（アセ
チルセルロース）、ポリアミド、ポリイミド、ポリビニ
ルアルコール、ポリアクリルニトリル、ポリスルフォ
ン、ポリエーテルスルフォン、ポリオレフィン、ポリエ
チレン、ポリプロピレン等の材質の膜が使用できる。As the polymer film, a film made of a material such as cellulose acetate (acetyl cellulose), polyamide, polyimide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polysulfone, polyether sulfone, polyolefin, polyethylene or polypropylene can be used.
【００３１】また、膜の孔径は、膜の透過水量を過度に
低減することなく、処理水（透過水）への汚染物質のリ
ークを高度に防止するために０．８μｍ〜１０ｎｍ程度
であることが好ましい。The pore size of the membrane is about 0.8 μm to 10 nm in order to highly prevent the leakage of contaminants into the treated water (permeate) without excessively reducing the amount of permeate of the membrane. Is preferred.
【００３２】このようにして重金属の不溶化、ダイオキ
シン類の吸着除去及び膜分離処理を行うことにより、重
金属及びダイオキシン類等の汚染物質が高度に除去され
た高水質の処理水を安定かつ確実に得ることができる。By thus insolubilizing heavy metals, adsorbing and removing dioxins, and performing membrane separation treatment, it is possible to stably and reliably obtain high-quality treated water from which contaminants such as heavy metals and dioxins have been highly removed. be able to.
【００３３】なお、図１においては、吸着処理工程２の
前段で重金属の処理を行うが、重金属処理工程１は、吸
着処理工程の後段であっても良い。ただし、活性炭はジ
チオカルバミン酸系キレート剤を吸着するので、活性炭
による吸着処理の前段でジチオカルバミン酸系キレート
剤による不溶化処理を行うのが好ましい。鉄塩による不
溶化処理は吸着処理の後段で行うこともできる。In FIG. 1, the heavy metal is treated before the adsorption treatment step 2, but the heavy metal treatment step 1 may be performed after the adsorption treatment step. However, since the activated carbon adsorbs the dithiocarbamic acid type chelating agent, it is preferable to perform the insolubilization treatment with the dithiocarbamic acid type chelating agent before the adsorption treatment with the activated carbon. The insolubilization treatment with an iron salt can also be performed after the adsorption treatment.
【００３４】膜処理工程３から排出される濃縮液は、吸
着剤に吸着されたダイオキシン類や重金属類を含有する
ものであるため、適宜固化処理等を行って環境庁告示１
３号の溶出試験等で基準を満足することを確認の上、管
理型処理場に移送して処分する。Since the concentrated liquid discharged from the membrane treatment step 3 contains dioxins and heavy metals adsorbed on the adsorbent, solidification treatment and the like are appropriately performed to make the notice 1
After confirming that the criteria are satisfied by the elution test of No. 3, etc., transfer to a controlled treatment plant for disposal.
【００３５】[0035]
【実施例】以下に実施例を挙げて本発明をより具体的に
説明する。EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples.
【００３６】実施例１
図１に示す方法に従って、都市ごみ焼却炉の除染・解体
排水を１ｍ３／ｈｒの処理量で処理した。処理した除染
・解体排水の水質は表１に示す通りであった。Example 1 According to the method shown in FIG. 1, the decontamination / demolition wastewater of the municipal solid waste incinerator was treated with a treatment amount of 1 m 3 / hr. The water quality of the treated decontamination / demolition wastewater was as shown in Table 1.
【００３７】この除染・解体排水をまず重金属処理工程
１に送給し、重金属処理槽にてジチオカルバミン酸系キ
レート剤を５０ｍｇ／Ｌとなるように添加し、滞留時間
１５分で反応させた。ｐＨは８．５になるように調整し
た。次に、重金属処理工程１の処理水を吸着処理工程２
に送給し、活性炭処理槽にて粉末活性炭（ノリット社製
「ＨＢＰｌｕｓ」：平均粒径２０μｍ）を１００ｍｇ／
Ｌとなるよう添加し、滞留時間１００分で反応させた。This decontamination / demolition wastewater was first fed to the heavy metal treatment step 1, and the dithiocarbamic acid type chelating agent was added to the heavy metal treatment tank so that the concentration was 50 mg / L, and the reaction was carried out for a residence time of 15 minutes. The pH was adjusted to 8.5. Next, the treated water in the heavy metal treatment step 1 is adsorbed in the adsorption treatment step 2
To 100 mg / g of powdered activated carbon (“HBPlus” manufactured by Norit Co .: average particle size 20 μm) in an activated carbon treatment tank.
It was added so as to be L and reacted for a residence time of 100 minutes.
【００３８】吸着処理工程２の処理水は、次いで膜処理
工程３において、セラミック膜にて固液分離を行った。
セラミック膜としては、孔径５００Ａ（０．０５μｍ）
の東芝セラミックス社製膜を用い、膜処理工程３の濃縮
液のＳＳ濃度が１００００ｐｐｍとなるように濃縮液を
引き抜いた。Next, in the membrane treatment step 3, the treated water of the adsorption treatment step 2 was subjected to solid-liquid separation with a ceramic membrane.
As a ceramic membrane, pore size 500A (0.05μm)
The film was manufactured by Toshiba Ceramics Co., Ltd., and the concentrated solution was extracted so that the SS concentration of the concentrated solution in the film treatment step 3 was 10,000 ppm.
【００３９】この膜処理工程３の処理水（透過水）の水
質は表１に示す通りであり、処理水のＳＳ濃度は検出限
界以下であった。また、ダイオキシン類は処理前の２ｐ
ｇ−ＴＥＱ／Ｌが０．００１ｐｇ−ＴＥＱ／Ｌと顕著に
減少し、環境基準である１ｐｇ−ＴＥＱ／Ｌを達成し
た。Ｐｂ，Ｃｄ，Ｈｇ等の重金属類も処理水では基準値
以下となった。The water quality of the treated water (permeate) in this membrane treatment step 3 is as shown in Table 1, and the SS concentration of the treated water was below the detection limit. Dioxins are 2p before treatment
The g-TEQ / L was significantly reduced to 0.001 pg-TEQ / L, and the environmental standard of 1 pg-TEQ / L was achieved. Heavy metals such as Pb, Cd, and Hg also fell below the standard values in the treated water.
【００４０】[0040]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００４１】[0041]
【発明の効果】以上詳述した通り、本発明の廃棄物焼却
炉設備の除染・解体排水の処理方法によれば、除染・解
体排水中の重金属類を不溶化し、また、溶存しているダ
イオキシン類を吸着除去した後、膜処理により不溶化物
ないし懸濁物質を確実に除去することによって、除染・
解体排水を、一般河川や下水道に放流可能な、或いは再
利用可能な水質にまで無害化することができる。しか
も、本発明によれば、処理設備のコンパクト化、設置ス
ペースの省スペース化を図ることもでき、現場対応性に
優れる。As described above in detail, according to the method for treating decontamination / demolition wastewater of the waste incinerator equipment of the present invention, the heavy metals in the decontamination / demolition wastewater are insolubilized and dissolved. Desorption and removal of insolubles or suspended substances by membrane treatment after absorbing and removing dioxins that are present
The demolition wastewater can be made harmless to the quality of water that can be discharged or reused in general rivers and sewers. Moreover, according to the present invention, it is possible to make the processing equipment compact and save the installation space, and it is excellent in the field adaptability.
【図１】本発明の廃棄物焼却炉設備の除染・解体排水の
処理方法の実施の形態を示す系統図である。FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of a method for treating decontamination / demolition wastewater of a waste incinerator facility of the present invention.
１ 重金属処理工程 ２ 吸着処理工程 ３ 膜処理工程 1 Heavy metal treatment process 2 adsorption process 3 membrane treatment process
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） Ｂ０１Ｊ 20/20 Ｂ０１Ｊ 20/20 Ｂ Ｃ０２Ｆ 1/28 Ｃ０２Ｆ 1/28 Ａ 1/62 ＺＡＢ 1/62 ＺＡＢ 9/00 ５０２ 9/00 ５０２Ｅ ５０２Ｈ ５０２Ｚ ５０３ ５０３Ｃ ５０３Ｇ ５０４ ５０４Ｂ ５０４Ｅ Ｆ２３Ｇ 5/00 Ｆ２３Ｇ 5/00 Ｚ // Ｆ２７Ｄ 23/00 Ｆ２７Ｄ 23/00 Ｚ (72)発明者 内田 敏仁 東京都新宿区西新宿三丁目４番７号 栗田 工業株式会社内 (72)発明者 林 秀夫 大阪府大阪市中央区北浜２−２−22 栗田 エンジニアリング株式会社内 Ｆターム(参考） 4D006 GA06 GA07 KA01 KB12 KB30 MC03 MC18 MC22 MC23 MC33 MC39 MC54 MC58 MC62 MC63 PB08 4D024 AA04 AB11 BA02 BA03 BA06 BA07 DB05 DB29 DB30 4D038 AA08 AB63 AB81 AB86 AB87 BA04 BB06 BB17 4G066 AA04B AA05B AA61B AA70B BA20 CA33 DA08 EA20 4K056 EA01 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification code FI theme code (reference) B01J 20/20 B01J 20/20 B C02F 1/28 C02F 1/28 A 1/62 ZAB 1/62 ZAB 9 / 00 502 9/00 502E 502H 502Z 503 503C 503G 504 504B 504E F23G 5/00 F23G 5/00 Z // F27D 23/00 F27D 23/00 Z (72) Inventor Toshihito Uchida 3-chome Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo No. 4-7 Kurita Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hideo Hayashi 2-2-22 Kitahama, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Prefecture F-term Kurita Engineering Co., Ltd. (reference) 4D006 GA06 GA07 KA01 KB12 KB30 MC03 MC18 MC22 MC23 MC33 MC39 MC54 MC58 MC62 MC63 PB08 4D024 AA04 AB11 BA02 BA03 BA06 BA07 DB05 DB29 DB30 4D038 AA08 AB63 AB81 AB86 AB87 B A04 BB06 BB17 4G066 AA04B AA05B AA61B AA70B BA20 CA33 DA08 EA20 4K056 EA01
Claims (4)
出される排水を処理する方法において、 該排水に重金属処理剤を添加して重金属を処理する重金
属処理工程と、 該排水に吸着剤を添加して吸着処理する吸着処理工程
と、 重金属処理工程及び吸着処理工程を経た処理水を膜によ
り固液分離処理する膜処理工程とを有することを特徴と
する廃棄物焼却炉設備の除染・解体排水の処理方法。1. A method for treating wastewater discharged during decontamination or dismantling of a waste incinerator facility, wherein a heavy metal treatment agent is added to the wastewater to treat heavy metals, and an adsorbent for the wastewater. Decontamination of waste incinerator equipment characterized by having an adsorption treatment step of adding and adsorbing treatment, and a membrane treatment step of solid-liquid separation treatment of the treated water that has undergone the heavy metal treatment step and the adsorption treatment step with a membrane -Treatment method for dismantling wastewater.
チオカルバミン酸系キレート剤、鉄塩、硫化物、珪酸
塩、リン酸、リン酸塩及び炭酸塩よりなる群から選ばれ
る１種又は２種以上であることを特徴とする廃棄物焼却
炉設備の除染・解体排水の処理方法。2. The heavy metal treating agent according to claim 1, which is one or two selected from the group consisting of dithiocarbamic acid chelating agents, iron salts, sulfides, silicates, phosphoric acids, phosphates and carbonates. The above is a method for treating decontamination / demolition wastewater of a waste incinerator facility characterized by the above.
活性炭、活性コークス等の炭素系吸着剤、及びゼオライ
ト、珪藻土等の無機系吸着剤よりなる群から選ばれる１
種又は２種以上であることを特徴とする廃棄物焼却炉設
備の除染・解体排水の処理方法。3. The adsorbent according to claim 1 or 2,
1 selected from the group consisting of carbon-based adsorbents such as activated carbon and activated coke, and inorganic-based adsorbents such as zeolite and diatomaceous earth 1
A method for treating decontamination / demolition wastewater of a waste incinerator facility, which is characterized in that there are two or more types.
て、該膜処理工程で用いる膜は、セラミック膜、又は高
分子膜であることを特徴とする廃棄物焼却炉設備の除染
・解体排水の処理方法。4. The decontamination / demolition of a waste incinerator facility according to claim 1, wherein the film used in the film processing step is a ceramic film or a polymer film. Wastewater treatment method.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011240326A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2011-12-01 | Jiangxi Jdl Environmental Protection Research Ltd | Solid-liquid separation system and solid-liquid separation method of heavy metal waste water after chemical precipitation |
| JP2012501244A (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2012-01-19 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | Methods for removing mercury from wastewater and other liquid streams |
| CN104671624A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-06-03 | 江苏金山环保科技股份有限公司 | Processing method of low-cost heavy metal-containing sludge |
| CN106032294A (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2016-10-19 | 厦门蔚扬药业有限公司 | Method for treating residual heavy metal ions in organic reaction with dithiocarbamate |
| CN106861436A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-06-20 | 安阳工学院 | One kind is using nano ceramics hyperfiltration treatment alkylation spent acid technique |
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2001
- 2001-08-22 JP JP2001250986A patent/JP3767433B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012501244A (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2012-01-19 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | Methods for removing mercury from wastewater and other liquid streams |
| JP2011240326A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2011-12-01 | Jiangxi Jdl Environmental Protection Research Ltd | Solid-liquid separation system and solid-liquid separation method of heavy metal waste water after chemical precipitation |
| CN104671624A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-06-03 | 江苏金山环保科技股份有限公司 | Processing method of low-cost heavy metal-containing sludge |
| CN106032294A (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2016-10-19 | 厦门蔚扬药业有限公司 | Method for treating residual heavy metal ions in organic reaction with dithiocarbamate |
| CN106861436A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-06-20 | 安阳工学院 | One kind is using nano ceramics hyperfiltration treatment alkylation spent acid technique |
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