A kind of low cost sludge containing heavy metal treatment process
Technical field
The present invention relates to innoxious, recycling treatment Sewage Plant biochemical sedimentation basin to wet the contaminated soil dewatered sludge technical field that mud maybe needs to repair, the novel method of specifically a kind of sludge containing heavy metal process.
Background technology
Along with the quickening of urbanization process, the quantity discharged of sanitary wastewater and industrial sewage is increasing, and the sludge yield as sewage disposal by product is also corresponding to be increased.Sludge components is complicated, and water ratio is high and not easily dewater, and the organic pollutant containing more difficult degradation, harmful heavy metal and pathogenic micro-organism etc., serious threat existence, health of the mankind and developed.Facts have proved that recycling sludge utilization is the inevitable outlet of sludge treatment, but the heavy metal exceeding half in sewage treatment process can be transferred in mud, the heavy metal in mud seriously hinders the recycling of mud.When mud containing higher heavy metal carries out agricultural, not only increase the heavy metal content done in object, also heavy metal pollution of soil can be caused, when there is precipitation, in mud and soil, a part of heavy metal enters rainwash and underground percolation and elapses with current, and then causes secondary pollution to underground water.
Along with industry, agriculture fast development, the sharp increase of population, environmental pollution is day by day serious, soil unavoidably suffers heavy metal contamination, heavy metal pollution of soil is one of main ecological environment problem, directly have influence on local ecosystem to stablize and food safety, be related to the especially agriculture Sustainable development of economy and HUMAN HEALTH, thus cause social relationships widely.Present Situation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution and principal character are analyzed, in conjunction with domestic and international heavy metal pollution of soil research trends, consider that Demand of Nation and regional economic development need, the high efficiency, low cost rehabilitating soil technology proposing a kind of applicable China's actual conditions of invention is necessary simultaneously.
Existing heavy metal sewage sludge treatment process adopts heavy metal in attractive gel lignin-sludge, in attractive gel lignin-sludge heavy metal be by mud directly and attractive gel stir, mixing for some time, gel, by gel absorption, is being separated with mud by resolving by the heavy metal in mud.In this lignin-sludge, the method for heavy metal has mainly had problems: one is that mud mixes with gel and is not easy evenly; Two is that gel wraps up by mud, cause gel can only adsorb with it close to the heavy metal in mud, have the Heavy Metals in Sludge of certain distance to can not get removing with gel, and in long-play process, mud slowly can block the absorption hole of gel surface, thus reduce adsorption effect; Three is that gel has partial gel small-particle when being separated with mud and is mixed in mud.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of low cost heavy metal sewage sludge treatment process efficiently.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of low cost sludge containing heavy metal treatment process, is characterized in that treatment step is as follows:
First by the mud of water ratio more than 97% in sewage work's biochemical sedimentation basin by squeezing into MBR membrane cisterna with pump after acid adding stirring and adjusting pH value to 3-5, water outlet after the process of MBR membrane cisterna flows in heavy metal adsorption equipment carries out active adsorption, cleaning water after the absorption of heavy metal adsorption equipment is back in MBR membrane cisterna, pump around circuit is adsorbed, until flow into MBR film end pond again after heavy metal content reaches national associated emissions index from heavy metal adsorption equipment cleaning water out, then enter sludge thickener; Sorbing material in described heavy metal adsorption equipment is after the accumulation of the heavy metal content of absorption is saturated, adsorption material parison is wherein entered in acid-base solution, heavy metal in sorbing material is deviate from, the heavy metal residue deviate from stirs solidification and is pressed into cement brick utilization together with cement, or separating waste residues heavy metal recovery recycles further; Described sewage work biochemical sedimentation basin mud is interior after multi-ultrafiltration membrane filtration by MBR membrane cisterna, excess sludge flows automatically to sludge thickener, squeeze in sludge dewatering equipment with sludge pump again and dewater, make moisture percentage in sewage sludge below 85%, wet mud high-pressure pump after dehydration or worm conveyor are distributed in sun power composite membrane low-temperature evaporation equipment and carry out evaporation drying, through distilled water reuse or the qualified discharge of evaporation, the high dewatered sludge after mummification is as the effect of biological organic fertilizer agricultural; The effluent recycling deviate from described dehydration is to described sewage work biochemical sedimentation basin.
The acid added in described acid adding whipping process is sulfuric acid or citric acid.
Whipping appts in described sewage work biochemical sedimentation basin adopts motor stirrer to stir, or adopts pressurized air to stir.
Membrane element in described MBR membrane cisterna adopts organic membrane or mineral membrane, and the aeration in membrane cisterna adopts boring aeration or middle micropore aerator aeration.
The sorbing material of filling in described heavy metal adsorption equipment, adopt common yin, yang resin or macroporous resin adsorption, or adopting geology mineral matter sorbing material or gelatinous material to adsorb, adsorption tanks adopt steel lining impregnating material or stainless steel and glass steel material directly to make shaping.
Beneficial effect of the present invention has:
Running cost of the present invention is low, processing efficiency is high, and the operation of equipment of technological process is convenient, and sludge containing heavy metal after treatment can be guaranteed to reach national Its Relevant Technology Standards requirement.Dewatered sludge can fully utilize, and the distilled water that low-temperature distillation goes out can reuse or qualified discharge.Integrated artistic equipment DCS distribute control, automated operation.What MBR membrane filtration went out adsorbs finally by an adsorption device containing heavy metal water outlet, effectively can remove the heavy metal content in water, regeneration desorption is carried out again after sorbent material all reaches capacity, sorbing material is renewable to be reused, which reduce adsorbent amount, the water outlet after adopting MBR membrane technique to filter is transparent, turbidity is low.The pollution of pollutent to resin can be reduced when entering the absorption of heavy metal adsorption equipment, improve in mud and remove the efficiency of heavy metal and reduce running cost.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described:
Sewage work's biochemical sedimentation basin mud can individual curing, also can be mixed together process with the heavy-metal contaminated soil that need repair.Only need add a small amount of acid during individual curing and regulate pH value in sludge agitation pond; Appropriate water need be added during combination treatment and be adjusted to water ratio more than 97%, add a small amount of acid simultaneously and regulate pH value can enter MBR membrane cisterna to carry out aeration filtration process.
The inventive method step is first the mud of water ratio more than 97% in sewage work's biochemical sedimentation basin is added the conventional acid such as sulfuric acid or citric acid, pond, MBR film front end is squeezed into pump after stirring and adjusting pH value to 3-5, water outlet after the process of MBR membrane cisterna is flow automatically or is got in heavy metal adsorption equipment with pump and carries out active adsorption, cleaning water after the absorption of heavy metal adsorption equipment is back in MBR membrane cisterna, pump around circuit number of times is determined according to the heavy metal concentration in water, reduce heavy metal content in water after circulation absorption refluxes again gradually until from heavy metal adsorption equipment water out by determining heavy metals instrument detect reach national associated emissions index after flow into MBR film end pond again, reprocessing in effluent recycling not up to standard to pond, MBR film front end, the outlet of MBR terminal reseavoir connects sludge thickener.Sorbing material in described heavy metal adsorption equipment is after the heavy metal content accumulation of absorption is saturated, adsorption material parison is wherein entered massfraction content be 3% ~ 5% hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid in, heavy metal in sorbing material is deviate from, and the heavy metal residue deviate from can stir solidification and be pressed into cement brick utilization together with cement.Described sewage work biochemical sedimentation basin mud by multistage MBR membrane cisterna after multi-ultrafiltration membrane filtration, excess sludge flows automatically to sludge thickener, then squeezes in sludge dewatering equipment with sludge pump and dewater, and makes moisture percentage in sewage sludge below 85%.Sludge dewatering equipment can adopt the mechanical dehydration such as centrifuge or belt type dewaterer machine to dewater.Wet mud high-pressure pump after dehydration or worm conveyor are distributed in sun power composite membrane low-temperature evaporation equipment and carry out evaporation drying, through distilled water reuse or the qualified discharge of evaporation, the high dewatered sludge (water ratio≤10%) after mummification is as the effect of biological organic fertilizer agricultural.The effluent recycling deviate from described dehydration is to described sewage work biochemical sedimentation basin.
Whipping appts in sewage work of the present invention biochemical sedimentation basin can adopt motor stirrer to stir, or adopts pressurized air to stir.Membrane element in MBR membrane cisterna adopts organic membrane or mineral membrane, and the aeration in membrane cisterna can adopt boring aeration or middle micropore aerator aeration.The sorbing material of filling in described heavy metal adsorption equipment, common yin, yang resin or macroporous resin adsorption can be adopted, also geology mineral matter sorbing material or gelatinous material can be adopted to adsorb, and adsorption tanks can adopt steel lining impregnating material or the corrosion resistant material such as stainless steel and glass reinforced plastic directly to make shaping.
Sun power composite membrane low-temperature evaporation equipment of the present invention adopts in enclosed space, utilizes the heat low-temperature evaporation of solar light irradiation to carry out the high humidity mud in evaporation drying film frame in conjunction with the air-dry technology of waste heat simultaneously, make it rapid mummification, not have solar time can adopt air-dry in conjunction with waste heat evaporation mummification.The distilled water qualified discharge evaporated or reuse; Utilize during air-dry technology dry wet mud and install odor removal additional at air outlet.
In the present invention, the operation of each processing unit controls there is DCS distributed control system full automatic control.Membrane element and aeration agitation system is provided with in MBR membrane cisterna, in order to ensure that the sludge concentration in membrane cisterna remains in the scope of homeostasis value, low by the delivery turbidity after membrane filtration, follow-up heavy metal adsorption equipment is played a protective role.Heavy metal adsorption equipment is back to MBR membrane cisterna to regulate the sludge concentration in membrane cisterna by the cleaning water after sorbing material adsorbs, and circulation absorption refluxes again, ensures that the sludge heavy-metal content flow in sludge thickener controls in satisfactory scope.Full-automatic online sludge concentration survey meter is set in MBR membrane cisterna.Heavy metal on-line measurement instrument is provided with, to ensure that MBR membrane cisterna to flow in the high-moisture-contensludge sludge of sludge thickener heavy metal content lower than in standard range in sludge thickener.
Need restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal dewatered sludge because there is no activity, so should carry out mixing match process in conjunction with sewage work's biochemical sedimentation basin excess sludge, high-moisture-contensludge sludge after treatment can be utilized by direct returning to farmland by (contaminated soil remediation becomes organic soil) after the dehydration of mechanical dehydration machine.
Other the undeclared part that the present invention relates to is same as the prior art.