JP2003047308A - Seedling transplanter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seedling transplanter suitably responsive to a change of the number of planting rows and a difference of ridge width because the number of planting rows and ridge width per ridge are changed depending on a difference of the species of seedlings or a cultivation system. SOLUTION: This seedling transplanter is obtained by installing traveling wheels on the left and the right sides and providing a plurality of planting devices for planting seedlings in a field in the left and right directions at the set interval side by side. The seedling transplanter is equipped with a shifting means for shifting the positions of the planting devices relatively to the left and the right traveling wheels in the left and the right directions and a tread regulating means for changing the interval between the left and the right traveling wheels.

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a seedling transplanter for transplanting seedlings such as vegetables into a field. 2. Description of the Related Art In a seedling transplanter of this kind, the number of rows and the ridge width per ridge differs depending on the type of seedling and the cultivation system. [0003] It is an object of the present invention to provide a seedling transplanter capable of appropriately coping with a change in the number of planting streaks and a difference in ridge width. [0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a running wheel on the left and right, and a plurality of planting devices for planting seedlings in a field are arranged side by side at set intervals in the left-right direction. A seedling transplanter, comprising: shifting means for shifting the position of the planting device with respect to the left and right running wheels in the left-right direction; and tread adjusting means for changing the interval between the left and right running wheels. It is what it was. [0005] In the seedling transplanter having the above structure, the position of the planting device with respect to the left and right traveling wheels can be shifted in the left-right direction by the shift means, and the same ridge is reciprocated so that the number of planting devices is smaller than the number of planting devices. Planting is performed with a large number of planting streaks, and the distance between the left and right running wheels can be changed by the tread adjusting means. In a seedling transplanter in which a plurality of planting devices to be planted are arranged side by side at set intervals in the left and right direction, a shift means for shifting the position of the planting device with respect to the left and right running wheels in the left and right direction, and changing the distance between the left and right running wheels. Since tread adjustment means are provided, the same ridges can be reciprocated and changed to those that can be planted with more planting lines than the number of planting devices, and the number of planting lines due to differences in seedling types and cultivation systems can be changed. Respond appropriately to changes , Besides, also corresponding appropriate difference in ridge width. Also, by using both the shifting means and the tread adjusting means, the number of planting streaks can be changed over a wider range than that having only the shifting means, and the adaptability to the seedling transplanting conditions has been improved. FIG. 1 to FIG. 12 show an example of the present invention. Hereinafter, this example will be described. The seedling transplanter 1 is a walking type vegetable transplanter, and has an engine 2 and a transmission case 3 in the center of the front of the machine.
And final axles 6 and 6 for distributing running power and planting power are provided integrally with the axle cases 5 and 5 projecting outward from the left and right side surfaces of the transmission case. Further, chain cases 7, 7 are provided on the extension of the axle cases 5, 5 so as to be rotatable up and down,
Front wheels 8, 8, which are driving wheels, are pivotally supported at the tips. The left and right chain cases 7, 7 have screw portions 7a,
7a, which are fitted and supported by the axle cases 5 and 5, and by rotating the tread adjusting handle 9 provided on the right final case 6, the screw portions 7a and 7a
Enter the axle cases 5 and 5 by the same amount on the left and right, and the tread of the front wheels 8 and 8 is adjusted. A pair of left and right vertical frames 10 and 10 are fixed in parallel to the rear portions of the axle cases 5 and 5, and at the rear ends of the vertical frames, a planting portion frame 11 opening in the rear and having a U-shape in plan view is provided. It is fixed. The left and right rear ends of the planting section frame 11 are provided with a steering handle 1 in a plan view.
2 are attached. The rear portion of the steering handle 12 is located at a higher position, and the grip portion 12a has an appropriate height. A rear wheel support shaft 15 is supported on the left and right below the front end of the planting section frame 11.
Rear wheels 17, 17 are pivotally supported at the rear ends of the rear wheel support members 16, 16 slidably and rotatably provided at both ends. The front wheels 8, 8 and the rear wheels 17, 17 are moved up and down by hydraulic pressure. The mechanism is configured as follows. A hydraulic cylinder 20 is fixed to the rear of the transmission case 3 in a rearward direction, and a horizontal rod 21 in the left-right direction is attached to a piston 20a. Connecting rods 2 connecting left and right ends of the horizontal rod 21 to the arms 22, 22 fixed to the base of the chain case 7, 7 and the arms 23, 23 fixed to the base of the rear wheel supports 16, 16 respectively.
The connecting members 25, 25 attached to the intermediate portions of 4, 4 are connected. When the hydraulic cylinder 20 expands and contracts, the front and rear arms 22, 22, 2 are connected via the connecting rods 24, 24.
3, 23 are rotated, and the front wheels 8, 8 and the rear wheels 17,
17 moves up and down. The connecting members 25, 25 are slidably fitted to the horizontal rod 21 and are slidable left and right within the range of the long holes 21a, 21a.
Even if the left and right positions of 2, 22, 23 and 23 are shifted, this can be coped with. When the tread of the front wheels 8, 8 is adjusted, the tread of the rear wheels 17, 17 is also adjusted via the arm 22, the connecting rod 24, and the arm 23. The wheel vertical movement mechanism is controlled based on the operation of a ground contact sensor 27 whose rear portion rotates up and down in response to a change in the height of the top soil surface of the ridge U. That is, when the ridge U is raised and the rear part of the ground contact sensor 27 is pushed up, the hydraulic cylinder 20 is extended and the front wheels 8, 8 and the rear wheels 17, 17 are extended.
Moves down at the same time, and the aircraft rises. Conversely, when the ridge U becomes low and the rear part of the ground contact sensor 27 falls, the front wheels 8, 8 and the rear wheels 17, 17 simultaneously move upward, and the body descends.
As described above, the planting depth of the seedlings by the planting device 33 described later is always kept constant by appropriately raising and lowering the machine body according to the change in the height of the top soil surface of the ridge. The vegetable transplanting machine 1 has two sets of planting units A and B each including a transmission case 30, a seedling mounting table 31, a watering device 32, a planting device 33, a groove 34, and the like. The planting section units A and B are supported by a gap adjusting shaft 36 supported on the front portion of the planting section frame 11 and a base shaft section 12b of the steering handle 12. Screws 37A and 37B are cut in the gap adjusting shaft 36, and the front ends of the planting units A and B are screwed into these screw portions, respectively. The directions of the two screws 37A and 37B are opposite, and the pitch ratio is p (A): p (B) = 1: 3. Therefore, when the inter-row adjusting shaft 36 is rotated using the inter-row adjusting handle 38, the planting units A and B move in opposite directions at a ratio of 1: 3, and the distance between the two is adjusted. This mechanism is the gap adjusting means. Further, a shift shaft 41 in which screws 40 are cut at a constant pitch in a certain direction is supported on the rear ends of the vertical frames 10, 10, and a connecting frame having one end screwed to the shift shaft 41. The other end of 42 is integrally connected to the gap adjusting shaft 36. When the shift shaft 41 is rotated using the shift handle 43, the connecting frame 42 moves left and right along the shift shaft 41, and the strip adjusting shaft 36 integrated therewith also moves left and right, and the planting unit A, B are shifted by the same amount in the same direction. This mechanism is the shift means. The connecting frame 42 is located at the center line CL
When positioned above, the left planting device 33 from the left and right center line CL
The ratio of the distance l (A) to A and the distance l (B) from the left / right center line CL to the right planting apparatus 33B is l (A): l
(B) = 1: 3. The power is transmitted from the final case 6 to the transmission case 30 via a transmission shaft 45. This transmission shaft 45
The output shaft 46 of the final case and the input shaft 4 of the transmission case 30
7 is universally connected by universal joints 48, 48. The transmission case 30 incorporates a planting section mission (not shown), a planting clutch 50, and the like, and is transmitted to the planting device 33 via a transmission means (not shown) in the transmission pipe 51. At the same time, it is transmitted to a lead cam shaft 53 for lateral movement of the seedling mounting table via a chain (not shown) in the chain case 52. A seedling feed cam shaft 55 to which the seedling feed cams 54, 54 are attached protrudes from the side surface of the transmission case 30. The planting clutch 50 is operated by a clutch pin 50a protruding from the upper surface of the transmission case 30. When the clutch is disengaged, each part of the planting unit stops at a predetermined position. . The seedling mounting table 31 is provided in a slightly inclined state so that the front side is higher, and the rear bottom surface is formed in the transmission case 3.
A roller 61 slidably supported by a support member 60 provided on the transmission case 3 and attached to a front bottom surface thereof is supported by a rail 62 provided on the transmission case 3. The lead cam shaft 53 is a shaft in which a spiral groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface, and the claw of the metal fitting 63 attached to the bottom portion of the seedling mounting table 31 is engaged with the groove, and when the lead cam shaft 53 rotates, The movement of the claws along the groove causes the seedling mounting table 31 to reciprocate left and right. The seedling mounting table 31 has an opening at the bottom, and a seedling feed belt 65 for transferring the seedlings on the table to the rear is attached thereto. The seedling feed belt 65 is driven by the seedling feed cam 54 when the seedling mounting table 31 reaches the end of the left-right stroke, and intermittently circulates in a predetermined direction. At the position adjacent to the rear end of the seedling table 31, a seedling receiving plate 67 for receiving the last row of seedlings on the seedling table 31 is provided integrally with the support member 60. This seedling receiving plate 6
At the center of 7 is formed a seedling outlet 68 (shown in FIGS. 3 to 6) cut out in a U-shape in plan view. further,
At the rear end of the seedling mounting table 31, a comb-shaped seedling holder 6 for holding the last row of seedlings on the seedling mounting table 31 so as not to fall from the seedling receiving plate.
9 are provided. When the seedlings are placed on the seedling mounting table 31 and the respective parts are started up, the seedling mounting table 31 moves laterally, and the seedlings in the last row located on the seedling receiving plate 67 are sequentially placed in the seedling removal outlet 68. Supply. When the seedling mounting table 31 reaches the end of the left and right strokes and finishes supplying all the seedlings in the last row to the seedling outlet 68, the seedling feeding belt 65 moves by an appropriate amount, and the seedling group on the seedling mounting table 31 is moved by one. Transfer backward by the number of rows. The watering device 32 is a device for watering the seedlings immediately before transplanting. A pair of left and right nozzles 71L, 71R is provided at a position behind the seedling feeding belt 65 so as to face above the seedling outlet 68. . These pair of nozzles 71L, 71
R is supplied with water from a common water supply pipe 72, and its water supply direction is through a rod 73, an arm 74 and the like.
Is switched by the throttle valve 75 linked to the lateral movement of the seedling table 31. When the seedling table 31 moves rightward, water is sprayed from the right nozzle (see FIG. 5), and when the seedling table 31 moves to the left side, left side. Is sprayed from the nozzle (see FIG. 6). That is, the nozzles on the side where the seedlings are empty always operate so that the seedlings N,... Remaining on the seedling mounting table 31 do not interfere with the sprayed water. When the seedlings are irrigated immediately before the removal of the seedlings, the pots and the bed soil of the seedlings are not softened, and the seedlings can be prevented from being broken at the time of separating the seedlings or during the transplanting operation. Also, by aligning the leaves upwards with water pressure, it is possible to prevent the separated seedling and the seedling adjacent to it from tangling with the leaves,
Seedlings can be separated well. Furthermore, since the mud adhering to the implant nails is washed away by the sprayed water, there is also an effect that the later-described implant nails 83 can be prevented from being clogged with mud. It is to be noted that air may be discharged from the nozzle instead of water if it is only to prevent entanglement of leaves or to wash the implant nail. The planting device 33 includes a first rotating case 80 attached to the transmission pipe 51, a second rotating case 81 attached to the tip of the first rotating case, and an attachment attached to the tip of the second rotating case. The transplant case 82 is provided with a pair of implant claws 83, 83 and a seedling extruded body 84. Each case includes a plurality of shafts, gears, and the like, and includes a first rotating case 80 and a second rotating case 8.
When the transplant cases 82 are rotated in opposite directions in a predetermined direction, the transplant case 82 moves up and down in a predetermined trajectory while maintaining a fixed posture. At the upper part of the locus, the planting claws 83, 83 close to clamp the seedling supplied to the seedling outlet 68, and at the lower part of the locus, the planting claws 83, 83 open, and the seedling extruded body 84 protrudes to ridge the seedling. It is configured to be planted on the topsoil surface. The groove 34 is used to form a groove for transplanting seedlings in a field, and has the shape shown in FIG. That is, generally, a pair of left and right side plates 90, 90 are joined at the front end, and the front end has a sharp shape in plan view, and the upper and lower and rear portions have a hollow shape. With further explanation,
The front end portion protrudes forward toward the lower side, and the distance between the left and right side plates is wider toward the lower side. And it is detachably attached to the transmission case 30 by a support rod 91 fixed to the upper surface of the front part. With the advance of the machine, the groove forming body 34 moves with the lower half part buried in the soil, and the soil in front of the seedling planting position by the planting claws 83, 83 is swept to the left and right sides. . Since the front end of the groove body 34 has the above-mentioned shape, the soil is scooped up so as to be scooped up, and foreign matters such as grass roots are less likely to be caught on the front end of the groove body 34.
The seedling N is planted in the groove M formed by the groove 34 (see FIG. 8). Then, after the groove 34 has passed, the groove M
Of the seedlings N that have been planted are buried in the soil. Since the groove M for transplanting seedlings has a "c" shape whose width is lower toward the bottom in a front view, the wall surface is surely collapsed,
The covering effect of seedlings is good. The vegetable transplanter 1 performs planting in the following manner. In the case of four-row planting (see FIG. 9), the connecting frame 42 is positioned at the left and right center of the body,
The interval between (A) and (B) is set to be twice as long as the strip width w. In addition, the interval w is set to 1/4 of the ridge width d. At this time, the distance from the left and right center line CL to the left planting device 33 (A) is w / 2, and the distance from the left and right center line CL to the right planting device 33 (A).
The interval up to (B) is 3w / 2. When the planting is performed on one ridge U by reciprocating in this state, the planting device 33
(A) planting seedlings N in the row and planting apparatus 33 (B) in the two rows, and in the return trip, the planting apparatus 33 (A) in the row C and the planting apparatus 33 (B) in the row A respectively. Seedling N is planted. When the ridge width is wider than the above (see FIG. 10)
Turns the tread adjusting handle 9 in a predetermined direction to spread the tread, while keeping the connecting frame 42 at the left and right center of the body, and turning the strip adjusting handle 38 in a predetermined direction to rotate the planting device 33 ( The interval between A) and (B) is increased. Assuming that the ridge width is wide by Δd, the extension of the strip distance is Δw = Δd / 4, and the new strip distance is w + △ d / 4. In the case of three-row planting (see FIG. 11), the interval between the two planting devices 33 (A) and (B) is made equal to the width w between the lines, and the left planting device 33 (A) is attached to the body. It is located at the left and right center.
The interval w is set to 1/3 of the ridge width d. Then, on the outward path, both of the planting devices 33 (A) and (B) are operated, and the planting device 3
3A, the seedlings N are planted on the streaks by the planting device 33B. On the return trip, the planting device 33 (A) is stopped, and the planting device 33 (B) is used to plant a seedling N on the streak.
Since the planting clutch 50 is provided for each planting unit, it is possible to stop the operation of the desired planting unit. Of course, it is needless to say that the seedlings N may be planted only on the strips C on the outward route, and the seedlings N may be planted on the strips A and B on the return trip. In order to prevent the seedlings from being planted only on a specific line, the seedling mounting table 31 of the line may be emptied and the planting device 33 may be driven empty. When the surface or the ridge surface is covered with the mulch, unnecessary holes are formed in the mulch, which is not preferable. In the case of two-row planting (see FIG. 12), the interval between the two planting devices 33 (A) and (B) is made equal to the inter-row width w, and the two planting devices 33 (A) are taken from the left and right central axes CL. ) And (B) are equalized. Then, both the planting devices 33 are operated to perform planting in only one direction. The seedling transplanter (vegetable transplanter) of the illustrated example is
Two planting devices 33 are provided, and three types of planting can be performed per row, namely, two-row, three-row, and four-row. If the number of planting devices is set to an even number larger than two, it is possible to carry out multiple planting including an odd number larger than the above planting number. [Supplementary explanation] In a field where vegetables are planted, in order to shift the harvest time, a field H which is ridged as shown in FIG.
Is divided into several blocks H-1 to H-n, and the planting is performed for each of the blocks at different times. For this reason, it is necessary to turn the body in the middle of the continuous ridge. In such a case, by using a swivel table as described below, the aircraft can be smoothly swung without breaking the ridge. The swivel table 100 shown in FIG. 14 has a cross-sectional shape that fits into the groove between the ridge and the ridge. In the fitted state, the upper surface is almost the same height as the upper surface of the ridge, and at least one end. Is formed with a slope portion 100a. This turntable is used as one set of three turntables. As shown in the figure, the grooves M-1 and M-2 on both sides of the ridge U-1 currently being planted and the ridge U to be planted next time.
The three turntables 100-1 to 100-3 are fitted in the groove M-3 on the side of -2. At this time, the slope portion 100 of each turntable 100
a so as to face the current planting direction.
00a is positioned a predetermined distance from the last planting line FL. After planting up to the planting end line FL,
The planting section is stopped, and the slope sections 100a-1, 100a are stopped.
-2 to transfer the vegetable transplanter 1 to the turntable 100-1,1
Ride on 00-2. Then, the aircraft is turned by 180 degrees with the right front wheel 8R riding on the center swivel 100-2 as a fulcrum, and the left front wheel 8L on the swivel 100-1 is swiveled by the swivel 100-3. Transfer to the top.
When the turning is completed, the vegetable transplanter 1 is moved forward as it is, and is lowered on the grooves M-2, M-3 by transmitting the slopes 100a-2, 100a-3. When a swivel table is formed by packing pellet-like filler in a bag of a predetermined shape made of cloth, rubber, or the like,
Since the swivel base is deformed according to the shape of the grooves and ridges, the swivel base does not wobble during use and does not break the mulch. The filler to be packed in the bag requires a certain degree of rigidity and is preferably relatively light for carrying. For example, resin pellets having a specific gravity of about 0.5 are suitable. The turntable 101 shown in FIG. 15 is a turntable 101b on which a front wheel serving as a turning fulcrum can rotate in a horizontal plane. As shown in FIG. 16, when the revolving base of this configuration is used as the central revolving base of the three revolving bases, the body can be turned without shifting the front wheels 8, so that the turning operation can be easily performed. In the swivel table 102 shown in FIG. 17, a semicircular swivel plate 102a placed on the upper surface of the ridge and three slope members 102b-1 to 102b-1 are integrally assembled. The aircraft is caused to ride on the revolving plate 102a by transmitting the slope members 102b-1 and 102b-2, and the aircraft is revolved around the point O of the revolving plate 102a to transmit the slope members 102b-2 and 3 to form the groove. Lower it inside. In addition, 102c in the figure is a handle for carrying. The swivel table shown in FIGS. 18 and 19 is an improved version of the swivel table. The swivel table 103 has a swivel plate 103a integrally formed of resin or the like, and a circular recess 103d around the rotation center O point. And a guide groove 103e is formed along the track of the moving-side wheel. For this reason, the position of the wheel does not shift at the time of turning, and the turning can be performed safely. In addition, if a small amount of sand S is put in the recess 103d, the frictional resistance between the turntable 103 and the wheel 8 is reduced, so that the turning operation is facilitated. Carrying holes 103c, 103 in place on swivel plate 103a
c is formed. Also, the slope members 103b,.
Are slightly shifted in the ridge width direction along the support shafts 103f,..., So that dimensional errors of the ridges and grooves can be absorbed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a plan view of a vegetable transplanter according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view of the walking type vegetable transplanter shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view of the watering device. FIG. 4 is a rear view of the watering device. FIG. 5 is a plan view illustrating a watering method. FIG. 6 is a plan view illustrating a watering method. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a groove forming body. FIG. 8 is a front sectional view of the groove forming body. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between a vegetable transplanter and ridges when planting four ridges per ridge. FIG. 10 is a view showing the relationship between the vegetable transplanter and the ridge when the ridge width is wider than in the state of FIG. 9; FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the relationship between a vegetable transplanter and ridges when planting three ridges per ridge. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between a vegetable transplanter and ridges when two ridges are planted. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of field division into blocks. FIG. 14 is a perspective view illustrating a use state of the first example of the swivel base. FIG. 15 is a side view of a second example of the swivel base. FIG. 16 is a perspective view illustrating a use state of the second example of the swivel base. FIG. 17 is a perspective view illustrating a use state of a third example of the swivel base. FIG. 18 is a perspective view illustrating a use state of a fourth example of the swivel base. FIG. 19 is a sectional view of a fourth example of the swivel base. [Description of Signs] 1 Seedling transplanting machine (walking vegetable transplanting machine) 8 Front wheel 17 Rear wheel 31 Seedling table 33 Planting device 36 Spacing adjustment shaft (Span adjusting means) 38 Spacing adjustment handle (Span adjusting means) ) 41 shift shaft (shift means) 43 shift handle (shift means) 50 planting clutch

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. A seedling transplanter having left and right running wheels, and a plurality of planting devices for planting seedlings in a field arranged side by side at set intervals in a left and right direction. A seedling transplanter comprising: shift means for shifting the position of the device in the left-right direction; and tread adjusting means for changing the interval between left and right running wheels.