JP3755355B2 - Transplanting machine such as sputum - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a transplanter such as a cocoon in which one line is planted on one side of a cocoon in one stroke, and the same cocoon is reciprocated to plant two ridges in total.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A transplanting machine for planting vegetable seedlings, seed pods, etc. in a cocoon is equipped with a grounding sensor that detects the height of the planting part with respect to the cocoon surface by sliding on the cocoon surface as the aircraft progresses. Based on this, the planting part is moved up and down to control the planting depth of vegetable seedlings, seed pods and the like to be kept constant.
[0003]
In general, this type of transplanter has a single-row planting configuration, but depending on the type and area of the crop, two rows of crops may be planted in one basket. In that case, using a transplanter whose planting position is deviated to the left or right with respect to the tread center of the left and right traveling wheels, planting work by reciprocating the same bushes, 2 are planted.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, potatoes such as potatoes are planted in a cocoon-shaped cocoon whose central part is raised like a dome. When using a conventional transplanter in which the ground sensor is installed at the same position on the left and right as the planting position for this type of cocoon, the ground sensor is displaced from the highest point of the cocoon. As a result, the grounding sensor becomes unstable and the planting part raising / lowering control cannot be performed accurately. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a transplanting machine such as a cocoon that can perform accurate planting part raising / lowering control without roughing the cocoon when planting a kamaboko type cocoon.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention is configured as follows. That is, the transplanting machine for the soot and the like according to the present invention has a planting position for the soot and the like shifted to the left and right with respect to the tread center of the left and right traveling wheels. In the transplanting machine such as a reed that is positioned, an extension part located on the center side of the tread with respect to the planting position is provided as a grounding sensor for detecting the height of the reed surface that serves as a reference for the lifting control of the planting part. It is characterized by providing.
[0006]
Further, in the first invention, when the front-rear frame serving as the skeleton of the aircraft is arranged on the opposite side of the tread center from the planting position, the heel is roughened by the front-rear frame serving as the skeleton of the aircraft. Or damaging the multi-film covered with the ridge.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, as an embodiment of the present invention, a potato transplanter will be described with reference to the drawings. The potato transplanting machine 1 is configured such that a traveling part 1a having left and right traveling wheels 2, 2, 3 and 3 advances the machine body while straddling the ridge U, while the seedling portion of the potato is placed on the upper surface of the ridge U by the planting part 1b. It is configured to plant. The operator appropriately steers the aircraft with the steering handle 6 provided at the rear of the aircraft, and replenishes the planting part 1b with seeds while walking along the side of the aircraft during the transplanting operation. Hereinafter, the configuration of each unit will be described.
[0008]
In the traveling unit 1 a, an engine 9 is disposed on the front side of the mission case 7. A hydraulic pump 10 that is driven by the power of the engine is provided on the left side surface of the engine 9. Further, a fuel tank 11 and the like are provided on the upper side of the engine 9, and a bonnet 12 covers the upper side thereof. A long connecting frame 13 having a rectangular shape in side view is integrally provided on the rear surface of the transmission case 7, and the front end of the main frame 14 connecting the traveling unit 1 a and the steering handle 6 is fixed to the right rear end of the connecting frame. It is connected. The main frame 14 extends rearward through the right side of the machine body, bends obliquely upward in the middle, and extends as it is to the rear position of the planting portion 1b. A steering handle 6 is attached to the rear end of the steering handle 6 through a known chrysanthemum so as to be adjustable in height by fixing screws 6b and 6b.
[0009]
Rear wheel transmission cases 16, 16 are integrally attached to rotating cylinder portions 15, 15 projecting laterally from the left and right side surfaces of the transmission case 7, and the rear wheel 2, which is a driving traveling wheel, is attached to the tip of the rear wheel transmission case. , 2 are pivotally supported. The left turn cylinder 15 is longer than the right turn cylinder 15. The right rear wheel 2 is disposed on the left and right inner sides of the right rear wheel transmission case 16, and the left rear wheel 2 is disposed on the left and right outer sides of the left rear wheel transmission case 16. Further, front wheel support arms 18 and 18 are rotatably attached to a front wheel support shaft 17 provided on the lower side of the transmission case 7 so as to be slidable to the left and right, and a front wheel which is a driven wheel following the front end of the front wheel support arm. 3 and 3 are pivotally supported. The left and right positions of the front wheel support shaft 17 are adjusted so that the left and right positions of the front wheels 3 and 3 are the same as the left and right positions of the rear wheels 2 and 2.
[0010]
The traveling unit 1b is provided with a machine body control mechanism that controls the machine body position by moving the rear wheels 2 and 2 and the front wheels 3 and 3 up and down. In this airframe control mechanism, a lift cylinder 21 is provided rearward from a hydraulic valve unit 20 disposed on a mission case 7, and a balance rod 22 that is long in the left-right direction is provided at the tip of a piston rod of the cylinder in a vertical direction. It is attached so as to be rotatable around its axis. The piston rod slides along a guide shaft 24 supported by a mounting member 23 whose front part is supported by the hydraulic valve unit 20 and whose rear part is fixed to the main frame 14 and the post-planting part support frame 30. It is like that. The planting portion support frame 30 is fixed to the left rear end portion of the connection frame 13 and extends rearward through the left side of the machine body.
[0011]
The left and right ends of the balance rod 22 are connected to the rear wheel lifting arms 25 and 25 fixed to the rotating cylinder portions 15 and 15 via connecting rods 26 and 26. A rolling cylinder 27 is incorporated in the left first connecting rod 26, and the length of the first connecting rod 26 can be changed by expanding and contracting the cylinder. Further, the front wheel lifting arms 28, 28 fixed to the rotating cylinder portions 15, 15 and the interlocking arms 18 a, 18 a integrated with the front wheel support arms 18, 18 are connected via connection links 29, 29.
[0012]
The elevating cylinder 21 and the rolling cylinder 27 are operated by controlling the hydraulic oil supplied from the hydraulic pump 11 with a control valve (not shown) in the hydraulic valve unit 20. When the elevating cylinder 21 is expanded and contracted, the left and right rear wheels 2 and 2 and the front wheels 3 and 3 move up and down by the same amount in the same direction, and the height of the body is changed. Further, when the rolling cylinder 27 is expanded and contracted, the rear wheels 2, 2 and the front wheels 3, 3 move up and down by the same amount in the left and right direction, and the body tilts to the left and right.
[0013]
The planting unit 1b includes a belt conveyor 31 that transports seed potatoes to the vicinity of the upper part of the planting position, a seed potato storage container mounting table 32 that mounts a box-shaped container in which seed potatoes are stored, and a seed potato planted on the upper surface of the cocoon. It includes a grooving device 33 for forming a groove for attaching, left and right covering plates 34 and 34 for covering the groove in which the seed pods are planted, a pressure reducing wheel 35 for suppressing the covered soil, and the like.
[0014]
The planting part frame 37 to which each part of the planting part 1b is assembled is fixedly supported by bolts to the rear end part of the planting part support frame 30 and the middle part of the main frame 14. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the front end portion of the input shaft 39 supported by the bearing member 38 on the mounting member 23 is connected to the PTO shaft 40 protruding rearward from the transmission case 7 via a universal joint 41. Yes. For this reason, while removing the front end part of the planting part support frame 30 from the connection frame 13, the planting part frame 37 is removed from the middle part of the main frame 14, and the universal joint 41 between the input shaft 39 and the PTO shaft 40 is removed. By removing, the planting part 1b can be removed from the traveling part 1a, and the planting part 1b can be easily maintained.
[0015]
The belt conveyor 31 is stretched in a triangular shape in front view by three rotating rolls 43, 44, 45 provided at three locations, the upper right portion, the lower right portion, and the upper left portion in the traveling direction, and the direction of the arrow in FIG. Configured to move to. The conveying surface 46 of the belt conveyor 31 is divided at equal intervals by partition plates 47,..., And seed potatoes a are accommodated one by one in the sections partitioned by the partition plates 47,. The belt conveyor 31 is formed of an elastic material such as rubber so as not to damage the seeds.
[0016]
The part 31b where the worker of the belt conveyor 31 puts the seeds is slightly inclined so that the left end is higher than the right end. In addition, a guide guide 48 having a U-shaped cross section is provided in the vertical direction so as to face the portion 31a of the belt conveyor 31 that moves downward and vertically, so as to prevent the seed pods being transferred from falling. A lower right rotating roll 44 is attached to the lower end portion of the guide guide 48. The position of the rotary roll 44 is at the lowermost end of the belt conveyor 31, and the seed pod a accommodated and transferred in each section falls here, and is planted in a planting groove M formed on the upper surface of the culm by the grooving device 33. Planted. The planting position A of the seed pod is located at the left and right center of the aircraft. Therefore, the planting position A is offset to the right with respect to the tread center BB of the left and right traveling wheels 2, 2, 3, 3.
[0017]
Reference numeral 49 denotes a cover body that covers the upper portion of the right end portion of the belt conveyor 31, and is attached to the right end portion of the planting portion frame 31. When the operating direction of the belt conveyor 31 changes at the right end, the cover body 49 performs soil replenishment work while walking on the left side of the machine body because dirt or mud adhering to the bell conveyor is scattered upward. It is provided to prevent the operator from getting down.
[0018]
An upper right rotating roll 43 is a driving roll of the belt conveyor 31, and a pulley 52 mounted to rotate integrally with a support shaft 51 of the rotating roll 43, and a pulley 53 mounted on the rear end of the input shaft 39, A transmission belt 54 is hung on. Thereby, the rotating roll 43 is driven and rotated by the power from the PTO shaft 40, and the belt conveyor 31 is operated. Reference numeral 55 denotes a tension pulley, which is configured to be switched between a state in which power is transmitted by tensioning a transmission belt 54 via an operation wire 56 and a state in which power is transmitted by loosening by a planting lift lever 82 described later. Has been.
[0019]
The seed-vessel storage container mounting table 32 is disposed in front of the belt conveyor 31 at the center in the front-rear direction of the machine body, and is inclined so that the rear part is lower than the front part and the right side is lower than the left part.
[0020]
The groover 33 has a shape with a sharp front end in plan view, and is provided at a position covering the side from the front of the guide guide 39. At the time of planting work, it moves in a state of being submerged in the topsoil portion of the reed as the aircraft progresses to form a planting groove.
[0021]
The left and right covering plates 34, 34 are provided so as to be rotatable behind the planting position A in an oblique posture with respect to the aircraft traveling direction so that the distance between the rear portions is narrowed. The support rod 58 that supports the cover plate 34 is slidably fitted to a cylindrical body 59 a that is fixed to a support body 59 extending rearward from the planting part frame 31, and is urged downward by a spring 60. Has been. For this reason, the covering plates 34 and 34 are pressed downward with a constant force, and uniform covering can be performed.
[0022]
The pressure reducing wheel 35 is made of a resin that does not easily adhere to soil, and is provided behind the left and right covering plates 34, 34. A pressure-reducing wheel 35 is attached to an intermediate portion of the L-shaped rotation arm 63 supported by the support body 59 by a support shaft 62 so as to be freely rotatable by an attachment shaft 64. A suspension rod 65 having a lower end connected to the support body 59 is supported by suspension with respect to the support body 59 so as to be movable up and down. The pressure reducing wheel 35 is urged downward by a spring 66 loosely fitted to the suspension rod 65, rolls on the upper surface of the kite as the machine progresses, and is seeded by the left and right cover plates 34, 34. It is designed to subdue the planting site. A plurality of holes are formed in the vertical direction in the portion of the suspension rod 65 that protrudes above the support body 59. By selecting and inserting the pin 67 into any one of the holes, The height in the vertical direction can be changed in multiple steps. Thereby, the suppression pressure of the suppression wheel 35 can be adjusted in steps. A scraper 68 scrapes off the dirt adhering to the pressure reducing wheel 35 and is attached to the rear end portion of the rotating arm 63.
[0023]
In addition, a ground sensor 70 for detecting the height of the saddle surface is provided at the front and rear central portions of the aircraft. The ground sensor 70 is rotatably attached to a front end portion of an arm 73 fixed to a rotation shaft 72 whose right end portion is pivotally supported on the main frame 14 by a shaft 74. The left end portion of the ground sensor 70 projects from the planting position A to the tread center BB side of the left and right traveling wheels 2, 2, 3, 3. When the ground sensor 70 rotates up and down around the shaft 74, the rotation is transmitted to the lift control valve in the hydraulic valve unit 20 via the link mechanism 71, and the angle of the ground sensor 70 returns to the original direction. 21 is activated. As a result, the aircraft is controlled to move up and down so that the height from the upper surface of the cocoon to the aircraft is kept constant, and the planting depth of the seed potatoes is always kept constant regardless of variations in the height of the cocoon.
[0024]
The pivot shaft 72 is connected to the base of the planting depth adjusting lever 75, and the planting depth is adjusted by operating the planting depth adjusting lever 75 and changing the reference angle of the ground sensor 70. To do. The engagement guide 76 for fixing the planting depth adjusting lever 75 is formed with a plurality of adjustment engaging portions so that the planting depth can be adjusted in a plurality of stages.
[0025]
The rolling hydraulic valve in the hydraulic valve unit 20 is switched in conjunction with the movement of a pendulum or the like for detecting the left / right inclination. When the aircraft tilts to the left / right, the rolling cylinder 27 operates appropriately to Control to return to horizontal.
[0026]
Side clutch levers 80 and 80 are provided below the grips 6 a and 6 a of the steering handle 6. In addition, an operation panel 81 is provided at the base of the steering handle 6, and a planting elevating lever 82 that is operated via an operation wire 56 that operates the tension pulley 55, and a main clutch on / off operation are provided on the operation panel. A main clutch lever 83 and the like are provided. Reference numeral 84 denotes a speed change operation lever, which operates a speed change gear mechanism in the mission case 7 to switch between “traveling road traveling speed”, “forward planting speed”, “reverse driving”, and “neutral”.
[0027]
Next, planting work using the transplanter 1 will be described. During normal planting work, the speed change operation lever 84 is set to “advance planting speed”, the planting lift lever 82 is set to the operation position where the planting portion 1b is transmitted in the automatic lifting control state, and the main clutch lever 83 is moved to the main clutch. Operate on. Then, the left and right rear wheels 2 and 2 are driven and rotated to advance the machine body, and each part of the planting part 1b is operated. The worker takes out the seeds from the seed seed storage container placed on the seed seed storage container mounting table 32 while walking in the rear groove of the left rear wheel 2 in accordance with the progress of the machine body, and divides the seed seed into the partition of the belt conveyor 31. One by one is put in the section divided by the plates 46. The seed pods fall from the lowermost end of the belt conveyor 31 into the planting grooves dug on the upper surface of the culm by the grooving device 33. After that, the soil is covered with the left and right covering plates 34, 34, and further pressed down with the pressing wheel 35.
[0028]
When planting to the end of the cocoon, one seed pod is planted at a position displaced to the right from the center of the cocoon. For example, in FIG. 6, if the planting operation is performed from the front side of the paper toward the back, the plant is planted at the position A1. Next, the aircraft is turned 180 degrees at the end of the heel and planted in the opposite direction. Then, it is planted at the position A2. Thus, two seed pods are planted in one pod by performing a planting operation by reciprocating one pod.
[0029]
During the planting operation, the aircraft is controlled to move up and down based on the vertical rotation of the ground sensor 70. Since the grounding sensor 70 is provided on the tread center B side of the left and right traveling wheels with respect to the planting positions A1 and A2, at least a part of the grounding sensor 70 is at the highest point (畝Through the center of the left and right). Therefore, the end portion of the ground sensor 70 does not bite into the soil and roughen the ridges, and the detection result of the ground sensor 70 is stable.
[0030]
When planting 1 row and 1 row, as shown by a chain line in FIG. 1, the right rear wheel 2 is replaced with the left and right outer sides of the right rear wheel transmission case 16, and the left rear wheel 2 is replaced with the left rear wheel transmission case 16. Attached to the left and right inside. Further, the left and right positions of the front wheel support shaft 17 are adjusted so that the left and right positions of the rear wheels 2 and 2 and the front wheels 3 and 3 are the same. When planting is performed in this state, seed pods are planted in the center of the left and right sides of the pod as shown in FIG.
[0031]
As shown in FIG. 8, front wheel support rods 92 and 92 are attached to the left and right end portions of a front wheel support arm 91 that can swing around a pivot shaft 90 provided at the center of the left and right of the machine body so that the height can be adjusted. In the case of a transplanter configured such that the front wheels 3 and 3 are pivotally supported at the lower end of the front wheel support rod, by changing the support position of the front wheel support arm 91 by the pivot shaft 90, It can correspond to the planting of 条 1. As shown by the solid line in FIG. 8, when the support position of the front wheel support arm 91 is decentered with respect to the center of the left and right sides of the airframe, it becomes a plantation specification of 1 × 2 and the support of the front wheel support arm 91 is shown as shown by the chain line in FIG. If the position coincides with the center of the left and right sides of the aircraft, it will be a 1 畝 1 planting specification.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, the transplanter such as a cocoon according to the present invention has a grounding sensor for detecting the height of the ridge surface, which serves as a reference for the lifting control of the planting part, at the center of the tread rather than the planting position. By placing them on the side, when planting a cocoon-shaped cocoon whose center is raised like a dome, the grounding sensor always passes through the highest point of the cocoon, and the end of the grounding sensor bites into the soil. In addition, the planting depth is always maintained constant because the planting portion is not roughened and the detection result of the grounding sensor is stable and the planting portion can be controlled accurately and accurately.
[0033]
Furthermore, by arranging the frame in the front-rear direction, which is the skeleton of the aircraft, on the opposite side of the tread center of the left and right traveling wheels from the planting position, the frame in the front-rear direction is roughened or the multi It has the effect of preventing the film from being damaged.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a potato transplanter.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a potato transplanter.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a connecting portion between a traveling unit and a planting unit.
FIG. 4 is a front view showing a relationship between a guide and a belt conveyor.
FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view showing a belt conveyor and three rotating rolls.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a cocoon in the case of 1 cocoon and 2 row planting.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a cocoon in the case of 1 cocoon and 1 row planting.
FIG. 8 is a front view showing a different front wheel support method.
[Explanation of symbols]
A Planting position B Tread center 1 Potato transplanter 2 Rear wheel (running wheel)
3 Front wheels (traveling wheels)
31 Belt conveyor 33 Grower 34 Covering plate 35 Pressure reducing wheel 70 Ground sensor

Claims (2)

In a transplanter such as a cocoon where the planting position of seed pods is shifted to the left or right with respect to the tread center of the left and right traveling wheels A transplanter for a heel or the like, wherein the grounding sensor is provided with an extension portion located closer to the center of the tread than the planting position. The transplanter for scissors or the like according to claim 1, wherein a frame in a front-rear direction serving as a skeleton of the airframe is disposed on the opposite side of the tread center from the planting position.

Images