JP3865279B2

JP3865279B2 - Vegetable transplanter

Info

Publication number: JP3865279B2
Application number: JP37597598A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 田裕光早
Original assignee: Yanma Agricultural Equipment Co Ltd
Current assignee: Yanma Agricultural Equipment Co Ltd
Priority date: 1998-12-17
Filing date: 1998-12-17
Publication date: 2007-01-10
Anticipated expiration: 2018-12-17
Also published as: JP2000175519A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は苗トレイから１株分の玉ネギなどの野菜苗を取出して圃場に植付ける移植機に関し、比較的植付条間隔の狭い野菜苗などに良好に用いる移植機に関する。
【０００２】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
通常１つの苗載台に対しては１組の植付機構を備えて、１つの苗トレイから１つの苗取出爪によって１条分用の苗が１株分毎取出され、苗植付爪に受継がれて１条の植付けが行われている。しかし乍らこのような１組の苗取出爪及び苗植付爪で１条の植付作業を行う場合、植付間隔（株間）を小さくして密植性を高めようとしても機構上限界があり、大巾な植付間隔の縮小は不可能であった。
【０００３】
【課題を解決するための手段】
したがって本発明は、苗載台の苗トレイから取出される２条分の苗を左右一対の苗植付爪に受継いで圃場に植付けるようにした野菜移植機において、左右の苗植付爪を植付条に対し左右対称に傾斜させて、左右苗植付爪の植付位置を単一の植付条に一致させて、左右一方の苗植付爪が苗を植付けてから次回苗を植付けるまでの間に、他方の苗植付爪が苗を植付けて、通常１つの苗植付爪で苗を植付けるときの株間に対し略半分の株間とさせて密植性を向上させると共に、通常時の株間条件で作業を行う場合には車速を２倍に増速させて、高速植付作業（作業時間半分）も可能とさせるものである。
【０００４】
また、苗植付爪を駆動する植付爪駆動ケースの左右両側に左右の苗植付爪を配備させて、植付爪駆動ケースに左右バランス良くコンパクトに苗植付爪を配備させて、高速作業時にも安定良好に植付爪の駆動を行うものである。
【０００５】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて詳述する。図１は移植機の全体側面図、図２は同全体平面図、図３は同全体背面図、図４は移植部の平面説明図であり、図中（１）はエンジン（２）を搭載する移動機体、（３）は前後スライドフレーム（４）（５）に機体（１）を左右スライド自在に支持する固定フレーム、（６）はスライドアーム（７）を介して機体（１）をスライド動作させる油圧式スライドシリンダ、（８）はミッションケース（９）からの駆動横軸（１０）に左右伝動ケース（１１）を介し上下揺動自在に支持する左右の後車輪、（１２）は前記固定フレーム（３）の前端側にアクスルフレーム（１３）を介し上下揺動自在に支持する左右の前車輪、（１４）は固定フレーム（３）後端側のスイング軸（１５）を介し前後車輪（１２）（８）を上下揺動させる油圧式スイングシリンダ、（１６）は機体（１）の後方にシャーシフレーム（１７）を介し装設する苗供給装置、（１８）は左右の後車輪（８）間に装設してミッションケース（９）に植付爪駆動ケースである植付伝動ケース（１９）を介して連結させる苗植付装置、（２０ａ）（２０ｂ）は畝面（Ｍ）を鎮圧する左右１対の鎮圧ローラである覆土輪であり、前記苗供給装置（１６）の左右往復移動する苗載台（２１）上の苗トレイ（２２）より１株分のポット苗（Ｎ）を箸形苗取出爪（２３）でもって取出し、この取出されたポット苗（Ｎ）を前記苗植付装置（１８）のマルチカッタ（２４）と連動して上下動するホッパ開孔形苗植付爪（２５）に放出供給して、操向ハンドル（２６）操作による機体（１）の走行中畝面（Ｍ）に一定間隔毎のポット苗（Ｎ）の植付け（移植）を行うように構成すると共に、機体（１）の左右スライド調節によって植付条位置の変更などを行うように構成している。
【０００６】
また、（２７）は前記スイングシリンダ（１４）を動作させて機体（１）を昇降操作する昇降レバー、（２８）は植付クラッチの入切を行う植付クラッチレバー、（２９）は走行速度を変速する主変速レバー、（３０）は機体（１）を左右方向に位置調節するスライド調節レバー、（３１）は左右後車輪（８）の駆動を停止させて機体（１）を旋回操作する左右サイドクラッチレバーである。
【０００７】
図４乃至図６に示す如く、前記苗取出爪（２３）及び苗植付爪（２５）は、１つの苗載台（２１）の苗トレイ（２２）に対し一定の間隔を有して左右に各２つ並設させ、１つの苗トレイ（２２）から２条分の苗取りを行うと共に、１つの植付条に対し左右２つの苗植付爪（２５）で交互に植付けを行うもので、前記シャーシフレーム（１７）側に連結する左右ケースブラケット（３２）（３２）にロータリ入力軸（３３）・ロータリケース（３４）・クランクアーム（３５）・取出アーム（３６）をそれぞれ介し２つの苗取出爪（２３）（２３）を左右対称に配設させ、ミッションケース（９）に入力軸（３７）を連動連結する植付クラッチケース（３８）の出力軸（３９）（４０）端に、左右のロータリ入力軸（３３）（３３）をチェン（４１）を介しそれぞれ連結させ、植付クラッチケース（３８）の植付クラッチ（３８ａ）の入時に左右２つの苗取出爪（２３）（２３）を駆動して、１つの苗トレイ（２２）より２条分のポット苗（Ｎ）の取出しを行って、取出し後植付爪（２５）との受継ぎ位置まで下向きに移動させるように構成している。
【０００８】
また、前記苗植付爪（２５）は、ミッションケース（９）に入力軸（４２）を連動連結する単一の伝動ケース（１９）の出力軸（４３）両端にロータリケース（４４）・クランクアーム（４５）・植付アーム（４６）をそれぞれ介して左右の苗植付爪（２５）を左右対称に取付けるもので、前記出力軸（４３）回りにロータリケース（４４）を回転させ、クランクアーム（４５）を介して昇降ガイドレール（４７）に沿って植付アーム（４６）を前後揺動させ乍ら昇降させ、植付爪（２５）を楕円形状の植付け軌跡で上下運動させると共に、開閉自在に分割された半円錐形状の２つの爪体（２５ａ）（２５ｂ）によって植付爪（２５）を形成し、ロータリケース（４４）の１回転中において植付爪（２５）が上昇したとき、前記取出爪（２３）から苗（Ｎ）を受取り、植付爪（２５）が下降したときクランクアーム（４５）のカム（４８）と植付アーム（４６）のロッド（４９）とのカム作用によって、各爪体（２５ａ）（２５ｂ）を前後に開動させて畝面（Ｍ）に開孔を形成させ、各爪体（２５ａ）（２５ｂ）内部の苗（Ｎ）を畝面（Ｍ）の開孔に落下させるように構成している。
【０００９】
さらに前記苗載台（２１）は、シャーシフレーム（１７）に固設する左右サイドフレーム（５０）間のガイドレール（５１）と横送り駆動軸（５２）に左右往復動自在に支持させると共に、苗載台（２１）に縦送り駆動軸（５３）を介し支持する駆動スプロケット（５４）と、遊転軸（５５）を介し支持する遊転スプロケット（５６）間に張架する縦送りチェン（５７）の所定間隔毎の縦送りピン（５７ａ）を苗トレイ（２２）のポット底部間に掛合させて、苗載台（２１）が左右移動終端に到達したとき縦送り軸（５８）の縦送りカム（５９）を介して苗トレイ（２２）を１ピッチ分縦送りするように構成している。
【００１０】
ところで図７、図８にも示す如く、左右２つの苗植付爪（２５）（２５）と、これら左右２つの爪（２５）（２５）をそれぞれ駆動するロータリケース（４４）・クランクアーム（４５）・植付アーム（４６）など左右苗植付装置（１８ａ）（１８ｂ）を正面及び背面視で左右方向に左右対称に傾斜させるもので、前記クランクアーム（４５）の取付軸（６０）に遊星ギヤ（６１）・中間ギヤ（６２）を介し連結させるロータリケース（４４）の太陽ギヤ（６３）を、伝動ケース（１９）の左右フランジ体（６４）（６５）に先端を下方向に傾斜させて着脱自在に固定させ、安全クラッチ（６６）を有して伝動ケース（１９）に略水平に支持する伝動ケース（１９）の出力軸（４３）両端に、ボール式自在継手（６７）を介して左右ロータリケース（４４）の取付軸（６８）を傾斜姿勢で且つ左右で位相を１８０度異ならせて（植付周期が１８０度異なる）連結させ、伝動ケース（１９）の左右両側に太陽ギヤ（６３）及び取付軸（６８）を介し左右苗植付装置（１８ａ）（１８ｂ）を装備させ、正面視及び背面視で左右苗植付装置（１８ａ）（１８ｂ）中央の鉛直方向より等分角度（θ）を有して左右苗植付装置（１８ａ）（１８ｂ）を左右対称に傾斜させ、周期を１８０度異ならせた左右苗植付爪（２５）（２５）の最下動時（植付位置）には同一の植付条に位置させて、これら左右２つの苗植付爪（２５）（２５）によって同一条の植付けを交互に行うように構成している。
【００１１】
而して作業中においては、左右一方の植付装置（１８ａ）の苗植付爪（２５）が苗（Ｎ）を植付けてから次回苗（Ｎ）を植付ける間に、もう一方の植付装置（１８ｂ）の苗植付爪（２５）が苗（Ｎ）を植付けて、通常１つの植付装置（１８ａ）（１８ｂ）で植付作業が行われる場合の株間に対し、略半分の株間での作業を行って密植性を向上させることができる。
【００１２】
また、通常の株間を維持させての作業では、車速を略２倍に増速させての高速植付作業が可能となって、作業時間を短縮させて作業能率を大巾に向上させるものである。
【００１３】
【発明の効果】
以上実施例から明らかなように本発明は、苗載台（２１）の苗トレイ（２２）から取出される２条分の苗（Ｎ）を左右一対の苗植付爪（２５）に受継いで圃場に植付けるようにした野菜移植機において、左右の苗植付爪（２５）を植付条に対し左右対称に傾斜させて、左右苗植付爪（２５）の植付位置を単一の植付条に一致させるものであるから、左右一方の苗植付爪（２５）が苗（Ｎ）を植付けてから次回苗（Ｎ）を植付けるまでの間に、他方の苗植付爪（２５）が苗を植付けて、通常１つの苗植付爪（２５）で苗を植付けるときの株間に対し略半分の株間とさせて密植性を向上させると共に、通常時の株間条件で作業を行う場合には車速を２倍に増速させて、高速植付作業（作業時間半分）も可能とさせることができるものである。
【００１４】
また、苗植付爪（２５）を駆動する植付爪駆動ケース（１９）の左右両側に左右の苗植付爪（２５）を配備させたものであるから、植付爪駆動ケース（１９）に左右バランス良くコンパクトに苗植付爪（２５）を配備させて、高速作業時にも安定良好に植付爪（２５）の駆動を行うことができるものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】移植機の全体側面図。
【図２】移植機の全体平面図。
【図３】移植機の全体背面図。
【図４】移植部の平面説明図。
【図５】移植部の側面説明図。
【図６】苗取出爪部の駆動説明図。
【図７】苗植付装置の背面説明図。
【図８】苗植付装置の背面説明図。
【符号の説明】
（１９）植付伝動ケース（植付爪駆動ケース）
（２１）苗載台
（２２）苗トレイ
（２５）苗植付爪
（Ｎ）苗[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a transplanter that takes out a vegetable seedling such as an onion from a seedling tray and transplants the seedling in a field, and relates to a transplanter that is used favorably for a vegetable seedling having a relatively narrow planting interval.
[0002]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Usually, one seedling platform is equipped with one set of planting mechanism, and one seedling for one line is taken out from one seedling tray by one seedling picking nail, A single row has been planted since the succession. However, when performing a single planting operation with such a pair of seedling extraction nails and seedling planting nails, there is a mechanism limitation even if the planting interval (between plants) is reduced to increase dense planting. It was impossible to reduce the planting interval.
[0003]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, the present invention provides a vegetable transplanting machine in which two rows of seedlings taken out from a seedling tray of a seedling stand are transferred to a pair of left and right seedling planting nails and planted in a farm field. The left and right seedling planting nails are aligned with the single planting strip, and the right and left seedling planting nails plant the seedlings. Until planting, the other seedling planting nails plant seedlings and improve the dense planting by making it about half of the stock when planting seedlings with one seedling planting nail, usually, In the case of working under normal stock conditions, the vehicle speed is increased by a factor of 2 to enable high speed planting work (half work time).
[0004]
In addition, left and right seedling planting nails are deployed on the left and right sides of the planting nail drive case that drives the seedling planting nails, and the seedling planting nails are deployed in a compact and balanced manner on the planting nail drive case. The planting claw is driven stably and satisfactorily during work.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 is an overall side view of the transplanter, FIG. 2 is an overall plan view thereof, FIG. 3 is an overall rear view thereof, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view of the transplantation portion. (3) is a fixed frame that supports the body (1) to be slidable left and right on the front and rear slide frames (4) and (5), and (6) slides the body (1) via the slide arm (7). A hydraulic slide cylinder to be operated, (8) is a left and right rear wheel supported on a drive horizontal shaft (10) from a transmission case (9) via a left and right transmission case (11) so as to be swingable up and down, and (12) Left and right front wheels supported on the front end side of the fixed frame (3) via an axle frame (13) so as to be swingable up and down, and (14) are front and rear wheels via a swing shaft (15) on the rear end side of the fixed frame (3). (12) Hydraulic swing that swings up and down (8) Linda, (16) is a seedling supply device installed via the chassis frame (17) behind the fuselage (1), and (18) is installed between the left and right rear wheels (8) in the transmission case (9). A seedling planting device to be connected via a planting transmission case (19) which is a planting claw drive case, and (20a) and (20b) are covering rings which are a pair of left and right pressure-reducing rollers for suppressing the surface (M). Yes, with a chopstick-shaped seedling picking claw (23), the pot seedling (N) for one strain is taken out from the seedling tray (22) on the seedling tray (21) that reciprocates left and right of the seedling supply device (16), The taken pot seedling (N) is discharged and supplied to a hopper open-type seedling planting claw (25) that moves up and down in conjunction with the multi-cutter (24) of the seedling planting device (18). Pot seedlings at regular intervals (M) on the running surface (M) of the airframe (1) by operating the handle (26) As well as configured to perform planting (transplantation) of), it is configured to perform such changes planting conditions positions by the left and right sliding adjustment of the machine body (1).
[0006]
In addition, (27) is a lifting lever for operating the swing cylinder (14) to raise and lower the body (1), (28) is a planting clutch lever for turning on and off the planting clutch, and (29) is a traveling speed. (30) is a slide adjustment lever for adjusting the position of the airframe (1) in the left-right direction. (31) is for turning the airframe (1) by stopping the driving of the left and right rear wheels (8). Left and right side clutch lever.
[0007]
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the seedling picking claw (23) and the seedling planting claw (25) are left and right with a certain distance from the seedling tray (22) of one seedling mounting stand (21). Two each of which are arranged side by side, and two seedlings are taken from one seedling tray (22) and planted alternately with two right and left seedling planting claws (25) for one planting strip The left and right case brackets (32) and (32) connected to the chassis frame (17) side are respectively connected to a rotary input shaft (33), a rotary case (34), a crank arm (35), and an extraction arm (36). The output shafts (39) and (40) ends of the planting clutch case (38) in which the two seedling picking claws (23) and (23) are arranged symmetrically and the input shaft (37) is interlocked and connected to the mission case (9). To the left and right rotary input shafts (33) (33) 1), the two left and right seedling picking claws (23) (23) are driven when the planting clutch (38a) of the planting clutch case (38) is engaged, and one seedling tray (22) is driven. The pot seedlings (N) for two strips are taken out, and after taking out, the seedlings (N) are moved downward to the position where they are transferred to the planting claws (25).
[0008]
Further, the seedling claw (25) has a rotary case (44) and a crank at both ends of the output shaft (43) of a single transmission case (19) for interlockingly connecting the input shaft (42) to the transmission case (9). The left and right seedling planting claws (25) are mounted symmetrically via the arm (45) and the planting arm (46), respectively. The rotary case (44) is rotated around the output shaft (43), and the crank The planting arm (46) is swung back and forth along the lifting guide rail (47) via the arm (45) and moved up and down to move the planting claw (25) up and down along an elliptical planting locus, A planting claw (25) is formed by two semiconical claws (25a) and (25b) that are divided so as to be freely opened and closed, and the planting claw (25) is raised during one rotation of the rotary case (44). When the extraction claw (23 When the seedlings (N) are received and the planting claws (25) are lowered, the cam action between the cam (48) of the crank arm (45) and the rod (49) of the planting arm (46) causes each nail body ( 25a) (25b) is moved back and forth to form a hole in the heel surface (M), and the seedling (N) inside each nail body (25a) (25b) is dropped into the hole in the heel surface (M). It is configured as follows.
[0009]
Further, the seedling platform (21) is supported by the guide rail (51) between the left and right side frames (50) fixed to the chassis frame (17) and the lateral feed drive shaft (52) so as to freely reciprocate in the left and right directions, A vertical feed chain (54) stretched between a drive sprocket (54) supported on the seedling stage (21) via a longitudinal feed drive shaft (53) and an idle sprocket (56) supported via an idle shaft (55). 57) The vertical feed pins (57a) at predetermined intervals are engaged between the bottoms of the pots of the seedling tray (22), and the vertical feed shaft (58) is longitudinally moved when the seedling mounting platform (21) reaches the left and right movement end. The seedling tray (22) is vertically fed by one pitch through the feed cam (59).
[0010]
7 and 8, two left and right seedling planting claws (25) (25), and a rotary case (44) and a crank arm (25) for driving these two left and right claws (25) (25), respectively. 45) A left and right seedling planting device (18a) (18b) such as a planting arm (46) is tilted symmetrically in the left-right direction when viewed from the front and back, and the mounting shaft (60) of the crank arm (45) The sun gear (63) of the rotary case (44) coupled to the planetary gear (61) and the intermediate gear (62) to the left and right flange bodies (64) (65) of the transmission case (19) with the tips downward A ball-type universal joint (67) is attached to both ends of the output shaft (43) of the transmission case (19) which is inclined and detachably fixed and has a safety clutch (66) and is supported substantially horizontally by the transmission case (19). Through left and right rotary The mounting shaft (68) of the power source (44) is connected in a tilted posture with a phase difference of 180 degrees on the left and right (the planting cycle is different by 180 degrees), and sun gears (63 ) And the mounting shaft (68) and the right and left seedling planting devices (18a) and (18b) are equipped, and the left and right seedling planting devices (18a) and (18b) are equally angled from the vertical direction in the center in the front view and the rear view ( When the left and right seedling planting claws (25) and (25) move in the lowest direction (planting), the left and right seedling planting devices (18a) and (18b) are tilted left and right symmetrically and have a period of 180 degrees. Position) is positioned on the same planting strip, and the same planting is alternately performed by these two right and left seedling planting claws (25) and (25).
[0011]
Thus, during the work, the planting claw (25) of one planting device (18a) on the left and right plants plant the seedling (N) and then plant the next seedling (N). About half of the stock between the stocks in the case where the seedling planting claws (25) of the device (18b) plant the seedling (N) and the planting work is usually performed with one planting device (18a) (18b) It is possible to improve the dense planting by performing the work in
[0012]
Also, in the work with the normal stock space maintained, high speed planting work is possible by increasing the vehicle speed approximately twice, which shortens the work time and greatly improves the work efficiency. is there.
[0013]
【The invention's effect】
As apparent from the above examples, the present invention inherits the two seedlings (N) taken out from the seedling tray (22) of the seedling mount (21) to the pair of left and right seedling planting nails (25). In the vegetable transplanting machine to be planted in the field, the left and right seedling planting claws (25) are inclined symmetrically with respect to the planting strip so that the planting position of the left and right seedling planting nails (25) is single. The right and left seedling planting claws (25) plant the seedling (N) until the next seedling (N) planting, and the other seedling planting nail (25) planting seedlings and improving the dense planting by making it about half of the strain between the plants when planting seedlings with one seedling planting nail (25), and working under normal strain conditions When performing the above, the vehicle speed can be increased by a factor of 2 to enable high-speed planting work (half working time).
[0014]
Moreover, since the left and right seedling planting nails (25) are arranged on the left and right sides of the planting nail drive case (19) for driving the seedling planting nails (25), the planting nail drive case (19) The seedling planting claws (25) are arranged in a compact manner with a good balance between left and right, and the planting claws (25) can be driven stably and satisfactorily even during high-speed work.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a transplanter.
FIG. 2 is an overall plan view of the transplanter.
FIG. 3 is an overall rear view of the transplanter.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view of a transplanted part.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory side view of the transplanted part.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of driving of a seedling extraction claw portion.
FIG. 7 is a rear view of the seedling planting apparatus.
FIG. 8 is a rear view of the seedling planting apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
(19) Planting transmission case (planting claw drive case)
(21) Seedling stand (22) Seedling tray (25) Seedling nail (N) Seedling

Claims

In a vegetable transplanting machine that has inherited two seedlings taken from the seedling tray of the seedling stand to a pair of left and right seedling planting nails and planted them in the field, the left and right seedling planting nails are used as planting strips A vegetable transplanting machine configured to incline symmetrically with respect to each other so that the planting positions of the left and right seedling planting claws coincide with a single planting line.

2. The vegetable transplanting machine according to claim 1, wherein left and right seedling planting nails are arranged on both left and right sides of a planting nail drive case for driving the seedling planting nails.