JP2003041444A - Mixed yarn with different shrinkage and air permeation self-adjusting fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mixed yarn with different shrinkage for obtaining a fabric which can self-sense a change in ambient humidity to self-adjust air permeation, while substantially maintaining the size of the fabric. SOLUTION: This mixed yarn with different shrinkage is characterized by comprising (A) conjugate fibers prepared by joining a modified polyethylene terephthalate containing sulfonate groups to a nylon in a side-by-side form and (B) synthetic fibers having a higher hot water shrinkage percent than that of the conjugate fibers (A) and simultaneously satisfying the following expressions (1) and (2). (1) 70>=DA/(DA+DB)×100>=30, and (2) 15(%)>=SB-SA>=3(%) [DA and DB are the total fineness (dtex) of the conjugate fibers (A) and the total fineness (dtex) of the conjugate fibers (B), respectively; and SA and SB are the hot water shrinkage percent (%) of the conjugate fibers (A) and the hot water shrinkage percent (%) of the conjugate fibers (B), respectively].

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a different shrinkage mixed yarn for obtaining a breathable self-regulating fabric having a function of self-sensing a change in ambient humidity and changing breathability. The present invention relates to a breathable self-regulating cloth using different shrinkage mixed yarns.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Fabrics made of synthetic fibers have been widely used for clothing and other purposes. However, in general, a fabric using synthetic fibers does not change in properties such as breathability and moisture permeability even when the ambient humidity changes. For this reason, when exercising while wearing such a cloth, there is a problem that the humidity in the clothes becomes high due to perspiration and the discomfort becomes strong.

On the other hand, it is known that the cloth made of natural fibers such as cotton and wool absorbs moisture when the surrounding humidity becomes high, and the crimped shape of the fibers becomes rough, so that the bulkiness is self-regulated. ing.

Various attempts have been made to impart a crimping self-regulating function to the synthetic fiber by absorbing moisture in accordance with the natural fiber. For example, JP-B-63-44843 and JP-B-63-44844 are composite fibers in which modified polyethylene terephthalate and nylon are bonded side by side, and crimp is changed by utilizing expansion and contraction due to moisture absorption of nylon. I'm proposing a way to do it. However, such a method was developed for changing the bulkiness of short fibers for use in futon cotton, and it was found from the results of studies conducted by the present inventors that the method has the following problems.
That is, when a fabric is formed by using all the composite fibers, although the crimp roughness of the composite fiber is surely changed by sensing the change in humidity, the size of the fabric is also changed greatly at the same time.
It has been found that not only can it be put on clothes, but also the self-regulating function of breathability with respect to changes in humidity cannot be sufficiently obtained.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and the object of the present invention is to self-perceive a change in ambient humidity to substantially determine the size of the cloth. To provide a heterogeneous-shrink mixed yarn for obtaining a fabric capable of self-regulating air permeability while maintaining mechanically, and to provide a breathable self-adjusting fabric using the different-shrink mixed yarn. That is.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have made earnest studies to achieve the above-mentioned object, and as a result, a composite fiber (A) in which the crimp ratio changes by sensing humidity and the composite fiber (A). A fabric is formed by using a mixed fiber with a synthetic fiber (B) which has a higher heat shrinkage ratio and whose dimensions do not substantially change with respect to humidity changes, and heat shrinks the synthetic fiber (B). By
It was discovered that when the ambient humidity changes, the fabric that self-regulates breathability can be obtained by the crimp self-regulating action of the composite fiber (A) while maintaining the dimensions and shape of the fabric with the synthetic fiber (B). The present invention has been completed.

Thus, according to the present invention, "a composite fiber (A) in which a modified polyethylene terephthalate containing a sulfonate group and nylon are bonded side by side and a hot water shrinkage ratio higher than that of the composite fiber (A). A synthetic heterogeneous mixed yarn comprising the synthetic fiber (B) and having the following formulas (1) and (2) at the same time. Breathable self-regulating fabric "is provided. (1) 70 ≧ D _A / (D _A + D _B ) × 100 ≧ 30 (2) 15 (%) ≧ S _B −S _A ≧ 3 (%) At that time, the modified polyethylene terephthalate containing the sulfonate group is A 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid component (hereinafter sometimes referred to as 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid) copolymerized with 1 to 7 mol% is preferably used. As the synthetic fiber (B), modified polyethylene terephthalate in which a 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid component is copolymerized is preferable.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. First, in the composite fiber (A) constituting the heterogeneous shrinkage mixed yarn of the present invention, modified polyethylene terephthalate containing a sulfonate group and nylon are joined in a side-by-side type. Both of these polymers have relatively good adhesiveness when made into a composite fiber, and by combining these two, they are reversible with respect to changes in humidity and a large change in crimping ratio is obtained.

Here, the modified polyethylene terephthalate containing a sulfonate group is copolymerized with a compound having an alkali or alkaline earth metal of sulfonic acid, a phosphonium salt, and one or more functional groups capable of forming an ester. Polyethylene terephthalate. Further, as the copolymerization component, 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid and its ester derivative, 5-phosphonium isophthalic acid and its ester derivative, sodium p-hydroxyethoxybenzenesulfonate and the like are suitably selected. Among them, 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid is preferably used, and the copolymerization amount is preferably 1 to 7 mol% (particularly preferably 1.5 to 6.0 mol%).

As the other component, nylon,
Nylon 6 or nylon 66 is preferable, and the intrinsic viscosity [η] (measured with an O-chlorophenol solution at 25 ° C)
Can be preferably selected. If necessary, a matting agent, a coloring agent, an antistatic agent, a heat stabilizer and the like can be added to both components constituting the composite fiber (A).

Further, the side-by-side type conjugate fiber (A) used in the present invention develops crimps by heat treatment in a yarn state or dyeing treatment by a conventional method. As a form of the crimp, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the nylon component is located outside the crimp and the modified polyethylene terephthalate component is located inside the crimp (hereinafter referred to as X type). Or, on the contrary, Fig. 3 (b)
The nylon component may be located inside the crimp and the modified polyethylene terephthalate component may be located outside the crimp (hereinafter referred to as Y type) as shown in FIG. In the heterogeneous shrinkage mixed yarn of the present invention, either type of composite fiber can be selected, but the Y type is preferred since a large change in crimpability can be obtained with respect to a change in humidity.

Here, in the Y type, when the crimped composite fiber is dried, the inner nylon component shrinks and the outer modified polyethylene terephthalate component hardly changes in length, so that the crimping rate increases. To do. On the contrary, when the crimped composite fiber is made to absorb moisture, the nylon component on the inner side expands, and the modified polyethylene terephthalate component on the outer side hardly changes in length, so that the crimping rate decreases. For this reason, when a fabric having a relatively dense tissue structure and a small void is formed by using a mixed yarn composed of the Y-type composite fiber (A) and a synthetic fiber (B) described later, the fabric is produced by a conventional method. It has the following properties after being dyed. That is, when the cloth absorbs moisture, the crimps of the composite fibers (A) contained in the cloth become coarse, and the crimped portions float on the surface of the cloth, so that the packing density of the cloth is lowered and the air permeability is increased. Get higher On the contrary, when the cloth is dried, the crimp of the composite fiber (A) becomes finer, the packing density of the cloth increases, and the air permeability decreases. In addition, when a mixed yarn composed of the Y-type composite fiber (A) and the synthetic fiber (B) is used to form a cloth having a relatively coarse cloth structure and large voids,
The fabric has the following properties after being dyed by a conventional method. That is, when the cloth absorbs moisture, the crimps of the composite fiber (A) contained in the cloth become coarse, the crimped portion extends around the composite fiber (A), and closes the void portion of the cloth structure, Contrary to the above-mentioned dense fabric design, the air permeability is reduced. On the contrary, when the cloth is dried, the crimp of the composite fiber (A) becomes finer, and the crimp portion is the composite fiber (A).
It is compactly focused around, and the voids of the fabric structure become large, which improves the air permeability.

As described above, when a mixed yarn composed of the Y-type composite fiber (A) and the synthetic fiber (B) is used, the density of the fabric structure is simply made dense or rough, and when the fabric absorbs moisture, it is breathable. Can be freely designed to be large or small.

On the other hand, when a cloth is formed by using a mixed fiber composed of the X-type composite fiber (A) and the synthetic fiber (B) whose crimps become fine due to moisture absorption, the density of the cloth structure becomes uneven and the air permeability changes. Only the relationship is opposite to the case of the Y type,
The breathability with respect to changes in humidity can be freely designed.

The composite fiber (A) can have any cross-sectional shape and composite form. FIG. 2 illustrates a cross section of the composite fiber (A). Usually (a),
Although a composite fiber having a cross section such as (b) is used, when the nylon component and the modified polyethylene terephthalate component are easily separated during handling, for example,
Those having a cross section like (d) are preferably used.
The composite ratio of both components can be arbitrarily selected, but the weight ratio of modified polyethylene terephthalate and nylon is usually 30:70 to 70:30 (preferably 40:60 to 6).
It is used in the range of 0:40). The fineness and the number of filaments of the composite fiber (A) are not particularly limited, but in consideration of the texture of the cloth obtained by using the different shrinkage mixed yarn of the present invention, the total fineness is 30 to 200 dtex, and the single yarn fineness is 1.2. It is preferably a multi-filament of ˜4.0 dtex.

The above composite fiber (A) can be easily obtained by the method described below. That is, a modified polyethylene terephthalate containing a sulfonate group and nylon are subjected to side-by-side composite spinning and continuously drawn and wound at 100 to 150 ° C. without being once wound. The draw ratio is such that the cutting elongation of the composite fiber obtained at the end is 10 to 6.
It may be appropriately selected so as to be 0% (usually 20 to 45%). Then, the drawn conjugate fiber is subjected to a tension or a relaxation heat treatment of 10% or less at a temperature lower than the drawing temperature by 10 ° C. or more, so that the nylon component has a crimped yarn inside the crimp (that is, Y type). ) Is obtained. Further, when the heat treatment of the stretched composite fiber is performed by tension or relaxation heat treatment of 10% or less at a temperature higher than the stretching temperature, the crimped yarn (that is, X type) in which the nylon component is located outside the crimp is obtained. can get. When the drawn composite fiber is subjected to the heat treatment, it may be entangled before or after the heat treatment heater.

On the other hand, the synthetic fiber (B) is not particularly limited as long as it is a synthetic fiber that does not substantially change in size with respect to humidity change, and polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, nylon 6, nylon 6, Any synthetic fiber suitable for clothing, such as polyamide such as nylon 66, polyolefin such as polyethylene or polypropylene, acrylic, para-type or meta-type aramid, or modified synthetic fiber thereof can be freely selected. Among them, the modified polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid is particularly preferable because the same cationic dye as the composite fiber (A) can be used. The cross-sectional shape of the fiber is not limited to the round cross-section, and may be a modified cross-section. The fiber form thereof can be freely selected according to the purpose of use of the fabric such as filament yarn, spun yarn, crimped yarn, air jet processed yarn, mixed yarn, twisted yarn, and plied yarn. Although the fineness and the number of filaments of the synthetic fiber (B) are not particularly limited, the total fineness of 20 to 15 is considered in consideration of the texture of the cloth obtained by using the different shrinkage mixed yarn of the present invention.
A multifilament having 0 dtex and a single yarn fineness of 0.04 to 4.0 dtex is preferable.

The different shrinkage mixed yarn of the present invention comprises the above-mentioned composite fiber (A) and synthetic fiber (B), and it is necessary to satisfy the following formula (1). (1) 70 ≧ D _A / (D _A + D _B ) × 100 ≧ 30 (preferably 65 ≧ D _A / (D _A + D _B ) × 100 ≧ 4
0) where D _A is the total fineness (dtex) of the composite fiber (A), D _B
Is the total fineness (dtex) of the synthetic fiber (B).

In the above formula (1), if the total fineness of the composite fiber (A) is larger than the above range, the following problems are likely to occur, which is not preferable. That is, after the different shrinkage mixed yarn of the present invention is used to form a cloth and the product is dyed by a conventional method to give a product, the product has a low content ratio of the synthetic fiber (B), so that the product has an elongation force and the like. When an external force is applied, the durability of the product may decrease. On the other hand, in the above formula (1),
If the total fineness of the composite fiber (A) is smaller than the above range, the content ratio of the composite fiber (A) in the product may be low, which may reduce the self-regulating function of air permeability, which is not preferable.

Furthermore, the different shrinkage mixed yarn of the present invention must satisfy the following expression (2). (2) 15 (%) ≧ S _B −S _A ≧ 3 (%) (preferably 10 (%) ≧ S _B −S _A ≧ 4 (%)) where S _A is hot water of the composite fiber (A) Shrinkage (%) and S _B are hot water shrinkage (%) of the synthetic fiber (B).

In the above (2), the value of S _B -S _A is 1
When the content is more than 5%, the heterogeneous shrinkage mixed yarn of the present invention is used to form a fabric, and after being dyed by an ordinary method to give a product, the composite fiber loosened and floated on the surface of the product ( Since a large amount of A) appears, the change in the appearance of the fabric and the change in the texture with respect to the change in humidity become large, and the appearance may be deteriorated. On the other hand, in the above (2), S _B -S value of _A is not preferable because the 3% comprising the product of the air permeability autoregulatory functions less than decreases.

The hot water shrinkage ratio can be obtained by appropriately selecting manufacturing conditions in a manufacturing method according to a conventional method.

FIG. 4 exemplifies an embodiment of an apparatus for producing a different shrinkage mixed yarn according to the present invention, which is preferable for producing the different shrinkage mixed yarn described above with reference to the drawing. The method will be described.

First, after the composite fiber (A) produced by a conventional method is drawn out by the pretension roller 1,
Heat is set by the heat treatment heater 3 in a state where the supply roller 2 and the take-out roller 4 are tensioned or relaxed. Here, as described above, the composite fiber (A) becomes the X type or the Y type depending on the set temperature during the heat setting. Then, the composite fiber (A) and the synthetic fiber (B) produced by a conventional method are aligned and mixed. An interlace nozzle is generally used as such a method for mixing fibers, and it is preferable to perform interlace processing so that the number of entanglements is 20 to 60 pcs / m. In addition, although the twisted yarn may be further applied to the mixed yarn processed by the interlace nozzle, when the number of twists increases, the bulkiness of the mixed yarn is tightened by the twist, and the self-adjusting function of the product deteriorates. It is not preferable because it will happen. Therefore, when twisting, it is better to keep the number of twists within (10000 / √Dtex) T / m.

The next invention is a cloth containing at least a part of the different shrinkage mixed yarn. By subjecting the cloth to a conventional dyeing process, the synthetic fiber (B) having a large hot water shrinkage ratio in the core portion and the hot water shrinkage ratio in the hetero-shrinkage mixed yarn of the present invention due to the heat history of the dyeing process. Is a core-sheath type two-layer structured yarn in which the small conjugate fiber (A) is located in the sheath portion. Here, the structure of the cloth is preferably a woven or knitted fabric, and the main object of the present invention is to include the different shrinkage mixed yarn in an amount of 30 wt% or more (more preferably 40 wt% or more). The self-regulating function of breathability is sufficiently obtained, which is preferable. The structure and density of the cloth are not particularly limited, and are appropriately selected depending on the application of the cloth.

In such a fabric, when the ambient humidity changes, the core portion of the core-sheath type composite yarn maintains the dimensional shape of the fabric and the sheath portion of the core-sheath type composite yarn self-adjusts the crimp. As a result, the porosity of the fabric changes. The breathable self-regulating cloth according to the present invention has a breathable self-regulating function by such an action.

[0027]

EXAMPLES Next, examples of the present invention and comparative examples will be described in detail.
However, the present invention is not limited thereto.
Each measurement item in the examples was measured by the following method. <Hot water shrinkage rate> The sample was measured using a 1.125 m scale.
Make 10 times casks, 0.0177cN / dtex
Apply a load of (0.02g / de) to the skein and the skein length L ₀
And then remove the load for 30 minutes in 98 ° C warm water.
After soaking, remove it, remove the moisture with Japanese paper, and place it in a horizontal position.
Let it dry, apply the load again and measure the length L1 of the mast.
The hot water shrinkage rate (%) was calculated by the formula. Hot water shrinkage (%) = ((L₀-L₁) / L₀) X 100 <Intrinsic viscosity> Using O-chlorophenol as a solvent, 25 ° C
I asked for. <Air permeability> One KES-F8-AP manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd.
Use a temper tester to measure ventilation resistance and substitute for ventilation
Characterized. <Sweatiness> 28 ° C 60% RH, wind speed by 3 testers
Walk for 30 minutes with a machine in an atmosphere of 14 m / sec
After performing the row, a sensation of stuffiness was sensory evaluated.

[Example 1] Nylon 6 having an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 1.1 and an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.5 and modified by copolymerizing 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid with 2.6 mol% Spinning temperature of polyethylene terephthalate by the conventional method 2
85 ° C., spinning speed 1000 m / min, draw ratio 2.7.
Double, heat setting temperature 140 ℃, winding speed 2700m / mi
The modified polyethylene terephthalate and nylon 6 have a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG.
A composite fiber (A) of 83 dtex / 24 fil, which was joined in a side-by-side type at a weight ratio of 50:50, was obtained.

On the other hand, 2-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid was added to polyethylene terephthalate by a conventional method.
Copolymerized with 6 mol% and the hot water shrinkage is 15%, 56 dte
A synthetic fiber (B) of x / 24 fil was obtained.

Next, the conjugate fiber (A) was heat-treated by relaxing it by 1% at 120 ° C. using the heat treatment heater 3 shown in FIG. 4 to make the hot water shrinkage rate 6.8%, and then the conjugate fiber (A). And the synthetic fiber (B) were aligned, and then interlaced with an interlacing number of 37 / m by an interlacing nozzle 5 to obtain a different shrinkage mixed yarn.

Then, a knitted fabric is knitted by using all the different shrinkage mixed yarns, and a sufficient kneading effect is imparted at a high pressure of 120 ° C. to accelerate the crimping of the composite fiber (A) and at the same time, the synthetic fiber (B). After heat-shrinking, a conventional dry heat preset at 180 ° C., dyeing at a high pressure of 120 ° C., and a finish set at a dry heat of 160 ° C. are applied to give a finish density of 50 courses / 2.
A product of 54 cm, 43 wales / 2.54 cm was obtained.
When the composite fiber (A) was extracted from this product and the crimp structure was observed, it was a crimp structure in which a nylon component was located inside the crimp (Y type).

Then, the product is dried under a dry atmosphere (2
The air permeability and the dimensional change rate in a high humidity atmosphere (25 ° C., 95% RH) were measured based on the equilibrium state at 5 ° C., 30% RH. The results are shown in Table 1. The data after 20 minutes was used as the data at equilibrium.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 Instead of the composite fiber (A) used in Example 1, polyethylene terephthalate fiber subjected to false twisting with the same total fineness, number of filaments and crimp ratio was used, and other than that. A knitted fabric is knitted under the same conditions as in Example 1, and subsequently subjected to dyeing processing under the same conditions as in Example 1, so that the finish density is 50 courses / 2.54 cm, 43 wales /
A 2.54 cm product was obtained.

Then, the product was dried under a dry atmosphere (2
The air permeability and the dimensional change rate in a high humidity atmosphere (25 ° C., 95% RH) were measured based on the equilibrium state at 5 ° C., 30% RH. The results are shown in Table 1. The data after 20 minutes was used as the data at equilibrium.

[0035]

[Table 1]

In the knitted fabric of Example 1, when the atmosphere changes from the dry state to the high humidity state, the crimped form of the composite fiber (A) becomes coarse and the porosity in the knit structure increases,
Increased breathability. Conversely, when the atmosphere returns from the high humidity state to the dry state, the crimped form of the composite fiber (A) becomes finer,
It has been found that the air permeability is reduced due to the smaller porosity in the knit structure. In addition, although the crimped form of the composite fiber was largely changed between the dry atmosphere and the high humidity atmosphere, the dimensional change of the knitted fabric was as small as 1.3%.

On the other hand, in the knitted fabric of Comparative Example 1, even when the atmosphere changed from the dry state to the high humidity state, the crimp form did not change, and the air permeability hardly changed.

Next, a T-shirt was prototyped using the knitted fabric of Example 1 and the knitted fabric of Comparative Example 1, and a sensory evaluation of stuffiness was performed by three testers. It was agreed that the knitted fabric of Example 1 was less stuffy and more comfortable than that of the knitted fabric of Comparative Example 1.

In both the knitted fabric of Example 1 and the knitted fabric of Comparative Example 1, no particular change in the dimensions of the T-shirt or appearance changes such as wrinkles and wrinkles were observed in the state of being absorbed by sweat.

[0040]

According to the present invention, when the humidity in clothes increases due to exercise or the like, the cloth which has a function of self-sensing a change in the humidity and adjusting air permeability is excellent in wearing comfort. Can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram schematically showing a mixed fiber state after the synthetic fiber (B) is thermally shrunk in the differently shrinkage mixed fiber yarn according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating a cross section of a composite fiber used in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a form of a curved structure of the conjugate fiber used in the present invention after the crimp is developed.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing one process for producing the different shrinkage mixed fiber yarn according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

P-modified polyethylene terephthalate N nylon (A) Composite fiber (A) (B) Synthetic fiber (B) 1 Pre-tension roller 2 supply roller 3 Heat treatment heater 4 Take-out roller 5 interlace nozzle 6 Winding device

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Seiji Tsuboi             2-1-1 Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo             People F-term (reference) 4L002 AA06 AA07 AB04 AB05 AC02                       BA01 DA00 DA01 EA01 EA02                       FA01                 4L036 MA05 MA17 MA33 MA39 PA01                       PA03 PA33 RA03                 4L048 AA20 AA24 AA30 AA34 AA47                       AA50 AA54 AB08 AB09 AB11                       AC00 AC15 CA07 CA11 DA01                       EB05

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A composite fiber (A) in which a modified polyethylene terephthalate containing a sulfonate group and nylon are joined in a side-by-side type, and a synthetic fiber (B) having a hot water shrinkage ratio higher than that of the composite fiber (A). And a different shrinkage mixed yarn, which satisfies the following expressions (1) and (2) at the same time. (1) 70 ≧ D _A / (D _A + D _B ) × 100 ≧ 30 where D _A is the total fineness (dtex) of the composite fiber (A), D _B
Is the total fineness (dtex) of the synthetic fiber (B). (2) 15 (%) ≧ S B -S A ≧ 3 (%) where, S _A hydrothermal shrinkage of the composite fiber (A) (%), the S _B hot water shrinkage of the synthetic fiber (B) (%). 2. The hetero-shrinkage mixed filament yarn according to claim 1, wherein the modified polyethylene terephthalate containing a sulfonate group is a modified polyethylene terephthalate obtained by copolymerizing 1 to 7 mol% of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid component. 3. The heterogeneous shrinkage mixed yarn according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the synthetic fiber (B) is a modified polyethylene terephthalate obtained by copolymerizing a 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid component. 4. A breathable self-adjusting fabric using at least a part of the different shrinkage mixed yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 3.