JP2003003862A - Cogeneration facility using micro gas turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable smooth activation of another micro gas turbine during operation of a micro gas turbine. SOLUTION: In the facility, the Two-on-One method is adopted in which two micro gas turbines 7a and 7b, and an exhaust heat recovery boiler 10 are employed. The exhaust heat recovery boiler 10 is provided with two exhaust inlets 14a and 14b and two exhaust outlets 15a and 15b. While exhaust lines 8a and 8b of the micro gas turbines 7a and 7b are connected with the exhaust inlets 14a and 14b, exhaust outlet lines 9a and 9b are connected with the exhaust outlets 15a and 15b. By-pass lines 16a and 16b are provided between the vicinities of the boilers in the exhaust line 8a and 8b and in the exhaust outlet line 9a and 9b. By-pass dampers 17a and 17b are assembled to the connecting part of by-pass lines 16a and 16b in the exhaust lines 8a and 8b.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a micro gas turbine cogeneration facility capable of extracting and utilizing a plurality of energy such as electricity and heat from one energy source.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A gas turbine used for power generation in an electric power company or a large-scale factory is generally 5000 k
The large-sized ones of W rank and above are the mainstream. Therefore, in recent years, a micro gas turbine, which is a small gas turbine with a rated power output of 300 kW or less, has been developed, and recently, it can be used as a distributed power source for hospitals, hotels, supermarkets, pools, etc. In order to obtain hot water and the like by recovery, development of micro gas turbine cogeneration equipment in which this micro gas turbine is used as a cogeneration system is actively underway.

As the micro gas turbine cogeneration equipment that has been developed so far, a compressor 1 for compressing intake air and a regenerative heat exchanger for preheating the compressed intake air are shown in FIG. 2, a combustor 3 that introduces preheated intake air to burn the fuel to a high temperature, and a turbine 5 that is connected to the compressor 1 by a turbine shaft 4 to expand and exhaust combustion exhaust gas from the combustor 3.
And a micro gas turbine 7 having a main body composed of a generator 6 connected to the turbine shaft 4, and further, exhaust gas from the turbine 5 is guided to the regenerative heat exchanger 2 for intake air. The exhaust heat recovery boiler 10 is provided so that water supplied through the exhaust line 8 after being preheated and supplied from the water supply line 11 as hot water is taken out through the hot water outlet line 12. Reference numeral 9 is an exhaust outlet line of the exhaust heat recovery boiler 10.

When the rated power output of the micro gas turbine cogeneration facility having such a configuration is, for example, 75 kW, the device is operated at 150 k
When installed and used in a supermarket or the like that requires W power consumption, the conventional thinking is that the micro gas turbine 7 and the exhaust heat recovery boiler 10 are in a one-to-one (One
In this case, two sets are installed, but in this case, all systems are doubled, which is disadvantageous in terms of space and difficult to maintain.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, as an example, two pairs of micro gas turbines 7a and 7b and one exhaust heat recovery boiler 10 having the same structure as the micro gas turbine 7 shown in FIG. It is proposed to install them as a combination of 1 (Two-on-One). That is, the exhaust line 8a of one micro gas turbine 7a
Is connected to the exhaust inlet of the exhaust heat recovery boiler 10, and
The exhaust line 8b of the other micro gas turbine 7b is connected in the middle of the exhaust line 8a so as to join the exhausts, and the opening / closing dampers 13a, 13b are respectively located at positions upstream of the joining portions of the exhaust lines 8a, 8b. The two micro gas turbines 7a and 7b are selectively used by opening and closing the open / close dampers 13a and 13b.

[0006]

However, in the case of the proposed two-on-one type micro gas turbine cogeneration facility, one exhaust heat recovery is provided for two micro gas turbines 7a, 7b. Since the built-in equipment (pump, etc.) of the boiler 10 can be shared,
Although it is advantageous in terms of installation space and maintenance, for example, when the opening / closing damper 13a is opened and the opening / closing damper 13b is closed, when one of the micro gas turbines 7a is operating, the output depending on the load is output. When the opening / closing damper 13b is opened to activate the other micro gas turbine 7b in order to increase the pressure, the pressure of the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust line 8a on the one micro gas turbine 7a side causes the exhaust gas on the other micro gas turbine 7b side to exhaust. Since it acts as back pressure in the line 8b, there is a problem that it is difficult to start the micro gas turbine 7b again.

In view of this, the present invention intends to make it possible to smoothly start up another micro gas turbine while operating any one of the micro gas turbines so as to enhance the load followability. To do.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides exhaust lines of a plurality of micro gas turbines with a plurality of exhaust inlets and exhaust outlets corresponding to the respective micro gas turbines. Bypass lines are respectively connected to the exhaust inlets of the provided exhaust heat recovery boilers, and between the exhaust lines and the exhaust outlet lines connected to the exhaust outlets, respectively. A bypass damper is provided at each bypass line connecting portion of each exhaust line.

When one of the micro gas turbines is in operation and another micro gas turbine is started,
By operating the bypass damper on the exhaust gas line of the other micro gas turbine to the bypass side, the initial exhaust gas is allowed to flow to the exhaust outlet line via the bypass line only until the pressure increases, and the steady pressure is reached. By switching the bypass damper to supply the heat to the exhaust heat recovery boiler at that point, the additional start-up can be smoothly performed. During this time, since the exhaust line of the micro gas turbine to be additionally activated by the bypass damper and the exhaust heat recovery boiler are cut off, there is no flow of exhaust gas from the exhaust heat recovery boiler side to the micro gas turbine side to be additionally activated.

Further, an opening / closing damper is assembled in the middle of each exhaust line, and a purge line provided with a purging damper and a purging fan is connected on the exhaust line upstream of the opening / closing damper. Before operating any of the micro gas turbines, the purging can be easily performed from the outside without rotating the micro gas turbine simply by operating the purging fan.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, and like the one shown in FIG. 3, Tw between two micro gas turbines 7a and 7b and one exhaust heat recovery boiler 10.
An o-on-one system will be described. Two
Exhaust lines 8 of the two micro gas turbines 7a and 7b
a, 8b corresponding to the respective micro gas turbines 7a, 7b, and two exhaust inlets 14a, 14b and an exhaust outlet 1 respectively.
The exhaust heat recovery boiler 10 provided with 5a and 15b is connected to the exhaust inlets 14a and 14b of the exhaust heat recovery boiler 10, and the exhaust lines 8a and 8b are located near the boiler and the exhaust outlets 1 are connected.
By-pass lines 16a and 9b are provided between the exhaust outlet lines 9a and 9b connected to 5a and 15b and the vicinity of the boiler, respectively.
16b, and further, bypass dampers 17a,
17b is equipped.

The micro gas turbines 7a, 7b are also provided.
Of the exhaust lines 8a, 8b, the exhaust lines 8a, 8b located upstream of the opening / closing dampers 13a, 13b.
In the middle of 8b, the purge lines 18a, 18b are branched and connected, and the purge dampers 19a, 19b and the purge fan 20a, are connected to the purge lines 18a, 18b.
Equip 20b.

When operating the micro gas turbines 7a, 7b, before starting, the combustion exhaust gas containing unburned components remaining after the combustor is pre-purged. In this case, the open / close dampers 13a,
13b is closed, the purge dampers 19a, 19b of the purge lines 18a, 18b are opened, and the purge fans 20a,
By driving 20b, the residual combustion exhaust gas is forcedly exhausted from the outside through the purge lines 18a and 18b. As a result, the micro gas turbine main body can be purged in the non-driving state. After pre-purging the combustion exhaust gas, the purging fans 20a, 2
0b is stopped and the purge dampers 19a and 19b are closed.

Now, for example, if only one of the micro gas turbines 7a is operated, the exhaust gas will be exhaust gas line 8a.
Is supplied to the exhaust heat recovery boiler 10 through which the exhaust heat is recovered and then discharged through the exhaust outlet line 9a.

In the above operating state, when it is necessary to operate the other micro gas turbine 7b in order to increase the output according to the load, the bypass damper 17b on the exhaust line 8b is opened on the bypass side and the boiler is opened. After the switching operation so that the side is closed, the micro gas turbine 7b is started. As a result, the initial exhaust gas of the micro gas turbine 7b passes from the exhaust gas line 8b through the bypass line 16b to the exhaust outlet line 9b.
The exhaust gas does not flow back into the exhaust line 8b from the exhaust heat recovery boiler 10 side because the boiler side of the bypass damper 17b is closed at this time. When the required time elapses in this state, the exhaust gas of the micro gas turbine 7b reaches a steady pressure, so that the bypass damper 17b is switched at that time so that the bypass side is closed and the boiler side is open. As a result, the exhaust gas of the micro gas turbine 7b is smoothly supplied to the exhaust heat recovery boiler 10 and, after the exhaust heat is recovered, is discharged through the exhaust outlet line 9b. As a result, the micro gas turbine 7b can be smoothly restarted, and the load following ability can be rapidly exhibited.

Even when the micro gas turbine 7b is operated first and the micro gas turbine 7a is started later, the initial exhaust gas is passed from the exhaust gas line 8a through the bypass line 16a until the pressure increases. By causing the gas to flow to the exhaust outlet line 9a, the smoother start-up can be performed similarly.

Further, in the present invention, opening / closing dampers 13a and 13b are provided in the exhaust gas lines 8a and 8b of the micro gas turbines 7a and 7b, respectively, and the purging dampers 19a and 19b and the purging dampers 19a and 19b are provided on the upstream side thereof. Fan 2
Since the purge lines 18a and 18b provided with 0a and 20b are connected to each other, as described above, the micro gas turbines 7a and 7b can be forcibly purged from the outside without being driven. Even when the micro gas turbine 7a or 7b of
It is also possible to perform the purge operation when starting the other micro gas turbine 7b or 7a.

In the above embodiment, two micro gas turbines 7a and 7b and one exhaust heat recovery boiler 10 are used.
However, it is needless to say that the number of micro gas turbines may be three or more, and various changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0020]

As described above, according to the micro gas turbine cogeneration facility of the present invention, each exhaust line of a plurality of micro gas turbines is provided with a plurality of exhaust inlets and exhausts corresponding to the respective micro gas turbines. A bypass line is connected to each of the exhaust inlets of one exhaust heat recovery boiler having an outlet, and a bypass line is provided between each of the exhaust lines and each of the exhaust outlet lines connected to each of the exhaust outlets. In addition, since the bypass line connection portion of each exhaust line is equipped with a bypass damper, if one of the micro gas turbines is in operation while another micro gas turbine is started later, Exhaust gas from the activated micro gas turbine is passed through the bypass line only until the steady pressure is reached. By to flow into the mouth line smoothly can be additionally activated, thereby it can enhance the load following capability becomes extremely advantageous, also,
Each micro gas turbine is configured such that an opening / closing damper is assembled in the middle of each exhaust line, and a purge line provided with a purging damper and a purging fan is connected on the exhaust line at a position upstream of the opening / closing damper. It is possible to forcibly perform the purge operation from outside without driving each micro gas turbine, and perform the purge operation of the micro gas turbine to be started later without affecting the operating micro gas turbine first. The excellent effect of being able to do is exhibited.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a micro gas turbine cogeneration facility of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a one-on-one type micro gas turbine cogeneration facility.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a recently proposed Two-on-One type micro gas turbine cogeneration facility.

[Explanation of symbols]

7a, 7b Micro gas turbine 8a, 8b exhaust line 9a, 9b Exhaust outlet line 10 Exhaust heat recovery boiler 13a, 13b open / close damper 14a, 14b Exhaust inlet 15a, 15b Exhaust outlet 16a, 16b Bypass line 17a, 17b Bypass damper 18a, 18b Purge line 19a, 19b Purging damper 20a, 20b Purging fan

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Maki Iwamura             3-2-16 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo Ishikawajima             Harima Heavy Industries Tokyo Engineering Co., Ltd.             In the center (72) Inventor Hiroto Itagaki             3-2-16 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo Ishikawajima             Harima Heavy Industries Tokyo Engineering Co., Ltd.             In the center (72) Inventor Masahiro Ozawa             3-2-16 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo Ishikawajima             Harima Heavy Industries Tokyo Engineering Co., Ltd.             In the center (72) Inventor Katsuo Yonezawa             3-2-16 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo Ishikawajima             Harima Heavy Industries Tokyo Engineering Co., Ltd.             In the center

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. Exhaust lines of a plurality of micro gas turbines are respectively connected to the exhaust inlets of a single exhaust heat recovery boiler provided with a plurality of exhaust inlets and exhaust outlets corresponding to the respective micro gas turbines. In addition, a bypass line is provided between each exhaust line and an exhaust outlet line connected to each exhaust outlet, and a bypass damper is provided at each bypass line connecting portion of each exhaust line. A micro gas turbine cogeneration facility having the above configuration. 2. The exhaust line according to claim 1, wherein an open / close damper is installed in the middle of each exhaust line, and a purge line provided with a purge damper and a purge fan is connected on the exhaust line upstream of the open / close damper. Micro gas turbine cogeneration equipment.