JP2002532139A - 摩擦が低減した椎間板補綴具 - Google Patents

摩擦が低減した椎間板補綴具

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Publication number
JP2002532139A
JP2002532139A JP2000587704A JP2000587704A JP2002532139A JP 2002532139 A JP2002532139 A JP 2002532139A JP 2000587704 A JP2000587704 A JP 2000587704A JP 2000587704 A JP2000587704 A JP 2000587704A JP 2002532139 A JP2002532139 A JP 2002532139A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
prosthesis
plates
fluid
cushion
compressible
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Granted
Application number
JP2000587704A
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English (en)
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JP4019631B2 (ja
JP2002532139A5 (ja
Inventor
ゴーシェ、ファビアン
Original Assignee
デ・イ・エム・エス・オ(ディストリビュシオン・メディカル・デュ・シュド−ウエスト)
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Publication of JP2002532139A publication Critical patent/JP2002532139A/ja
Publication of JP2002532139A5 publication Critical patent/JP2002532139A5/ja
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S606/00Surgery
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Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】 本発明は、2枚のプレート(4) とこれらのプレートの間に挟持されたクッション(8) とを備え、クッションが、流体(12)が満たされたチャンバーと圧縮性ボディー(14)とを有する椎間板補綴具(2) に関する。ボディー(14)は、補綴具が2枚のプレート(4) を互いに近づけるような圧縮を受けている時に、最大でプレート(4) の1つとしか接触状態とならない位置をとることができるように賦形されている。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
【0001】
【技術分野】
本発明は椎間 (円) 板補綴具(intervertebral disc prosthesis)に関する。
【0002】
【従来技術】
文書EP-0 277 282は、交換すべき椎間板に隣接する椎骨の椎骨板と接触状態に
するための2枚のプレートと、これらのプレートの間に挟持されたクッションと
からなる椎間板補綴具を開示している。このクッションは、液体のためのチャン
バーを形成する圧縮性ボディーから構成される。しかし、圧縮性ボディーとプレ
ートとの間で摩耗が起こることがあり、その結果、特に固体粒子の発生を生じて
、これらの粒子が人体内に分散することになる。さらに、この補綴具の機械的挙
動は、健全な自然の椎間板の挙動に近づいているが、別のやりかたで正常な椎間
板の挙動に近づくか、より一層近づく補綴具が利用可能となることが求められて
いる。
【0003】
【発明の開示】
本発明の目的は、摩耗の発生が少なく、機械的挙動の異なる補綴具を利用可能
にすることである。
【0004】 この目的を達成するために、本発明は、2枚のプレートとこれらのプレートの
間に挟持されたクッショとを備え、クッションが、流体で満たされたチャンバー
と圧縮性ボディとを有する椎間板補綴具であって、前記ボディーは、補綴具が2
枚のプレートを互いに近づけるような圧縮を受けている時に、最大でプレートの
1つとしか接触状態とならない位置をとることができるように賦形されている椎
間板補綴具を提供する。
【0005】 この圧縮は、3000 Nに等しい強度を有することができよう。 本発明はまた、2枚のプレートとこれらのプレートの間に挟持されたクッショ
ンとを備え、クッションが、流体で満たされたチャンバーと圧縮性ボディーとを
有する椎間板補綴具であって、ボディーは、補綴具が応力を受けていない時に、
最大でプレートの1つとしか接触状態とならない位置をとることができるように
賦形されている椎間板補綴具も提供する。
【0006】 即ち、ボディーは2枚のプレートの最大で一方だけと接触するか、あるいはど
ちらとも接触しない。そのため、ボディーとプレートとの間の摩擦が少なくなり
、摩耗と粒子の発生も少なくなる。
【0007】 ボディーは有利には前記流体中に浸漬されている。 ボディーは有利には、各プレートに対して移動可能である。 この特徴により、ボディーはプレートから受ける応力が可及的に最小になる位
置に自発的に自分の位置を変化させるので、ボディーとプレートとの間の摩擦の
可能性はさらに低減する。
【0008】 流体は有利には圧縮性である。 これにより、プレートの相対移動により発生する応力は、ボディーの全表面を
横断して戻されるだけでなく、流体によって全ての方向に分散される。この流体
もこれらの応力それ自体の一部を吸収し、応力の残りは圧縮性ボディーにより吸
収される。
【0009】 流体は有利には、ボディーよりも圧縮に対する抵抗が小さい。 ボディーは有利には、ボディーの外面から孤立した少なくとも1つの隔室 (セ
ル) を有する。
【0010】 1または2以上の隔室の存在は、圧縮性ボディーの材料やその寸法の選択に加
えて、圧縮性ボディーの機械的挙動に影響を及ぼす。 隔室は有利には、第2の流体で満たされている。
【0011】 補綴具が応力を受けていない時に、第2の流体は有利にはチャンバー内の流体
の圧力に等しいか、それより高い圧力を有する。 本発明の他の特徴および利点は、非制限的な例示として示す下記の好適態様の
説明からより明らかとなろう。
【0012】
【具体例の説明】
図1および2を参照すると、椎間板補綴具2は、ここでは好ましくは脊柱の腰
部に適用するためのものである。この補綴具は、概ね平面形状の2枚のプレート
4を備える。これらのプレートは、円板形の平面を持つように図示されているが
、図3および4に別の態様として示すように、後方の臍部をもつ豆の形状を有す
ることが好ましい。2枚のプレート4は、互いに向かいあって互いに平行に位置
している。図1および2には示していないが、図3および4の別の態様に示すよ
うに、各プレートは、他方のプレートとは反対側のその外面6に、この面から突
出した少なくとも1つの固定用の耳部(lug) 11を有することができる。各耳部は
、これをこのプレートと接触している椎骨内に固定するための骨 (接合用) ねじ
13を通すオリフィスを有する。各プレート4は、ここではチタンまたはチタン合
金製である。プレートは、プレートに垂直な補綴具の主軸を構成する共通軸7を
有する。
【0013】 椎間板補綴具2を脊柱内で短期間固定するために、交換すべき椎間板に隣接す
る椎骨の椎体にねじ13を固定することができる。 しかし、さらに、隣接する椎骨と接触するプレート4の表面6をヒドロキシア
パタイトまたは骨成長を刺激できることがそれ自体公知の他の任意の物質で被覆
した長期固定も提供することができる。プレート表面6は、これを被覆する前に
、該骨組織とのより良好な界面を確保するように、該表面を処理して骨組織に対
する固定点を持つ多少とも多孔質の表面状態を得るようにすることができる。
【0014】 椎間板補綴具は、2枚のプレートの間に挟持した、クッションまたは中間部材
8を備える。クッション8はチャンバー10を備え、ここではチャンバーはベロー
ズにより形成されている。ベローズは、軸7を中心とする回転対称の形状を有す
る。その壁面のプロファイルは波形からなり、それによって軸7を横断するその
断面の表面積をあまり変化させずに、軸方向7におけるベローズ10の長さを変化
させることが可能となる。本例では、このベローズはチタンまたはチタン合金か
ら作製されるので、ある程度の軸方向の強度を有していて、圧縮バネを形成する
。これはまた、軸7に垂直な方向にも変形することができるか、または軸7もし
くはこれに垂直な任意の軸を回転軸とする捩じりを受けることができる。ベロー
ズ10は、その軸方向の両端の縁部が、それぞれのプレート4の縁部、例えば、図
3および4に示したように、プレートの内面9から突出した縁部、に接合されて
いる。この接合は漏れに対して気密にされているので、ベローズ10と2枚のプレ
ートとで、漏れ止め性のチャンバーを形成する。
【0015】 ベローズ10は、10個の畳みこみ(convolution) を有するものでもよい。この場
合、プレートに固定されている2つの山に加え、8個の外側の山ができる。ここ
では、ベローズの外径は約30 mm で、内径は約17 mm である。その高さは、補綴
具に荷重がかかっていない時に10 mm である。ベローズの壁面は、各0.1 mm厚さ
の1枚、2枚または3枚のシートから作製でき、この厚みの合計が壁面の厚みを
形成する。ベローズの固有強度は、この例では約1.6 N/mmである。
【0016】 プレート4とベローズ10とで区画されるチャンバーは、流体12を包囲している
。この流体は、この例では圧縮性で生体適合性である。この流体は、液体と、こ
の液体に部分的に可溶性のガスとの混合物である。流体12は、プレート4および
ベローズ10と直接接触している。液体は水または生理食塩水でよい。
【0017】 クッション8は、流体12に加えて、圧縮性ボディー14も含んでいる。このボデ
ィーは、エラストマーといった弾性圧縮可能な材料、またはシリコーンのような
粘弾性材料 (ここではそうである) から作製することができる。
【0018】 ここではボディー14は、図の軸7と一致するその回転対称軸の方向に偏平にな
った楕円形状を有する。その回転軸の方向に測定したボディー14の最小の全高を
"h" と呼ぶことにする。この距離は、ボディー14が、図2に点線で示すように
、その対称軸が補綴具の主軸7に対して傾斜するように傾くことができるので、
必ずしも補綴具の主軸7に対して平行に測定されるものではない。この高さhの
値は瞬間的である。ボディー14は、特にその対称軸の方向に圧縮性であるので、
高さhの値は状況に応じて変動する。ボディーはまた、その対称軸に垂直な平面
で測定した、hより大きな別の全長寸法を有している。2枚のプレート4の中心
間の瞬間的な離間距離 (間隔) を "d" と呼ぶことにする。この値もまた、補綴
具を圧縮すると2つの中心間の間隔は変動しうるので瞬間的である。この値もや
はり、補綴具の主軸上で測定される。
【0019】 補綴具は、主軸7の方向に圧縮を受けることができ、これは、2枚のプレート
が、それらの相対的な傾きを変えずに、互いに近づくようにする傾向がある。こ
れはまた、主軸7に垂直な任意の軸を中心とする撓みも受けることができ、これ
は、プレートを互いに対して傾斜させ、それらの周辺縁部の一部の領域をより近
づける傾向がある。これらの動きは、2枚のプレート間の間隔を変化させること
が可能な主な動きである。プレート4をそれらの平面に平行に相対的に変位させ
る傾向のある剪断 (ずり) 動きと、主軸7を回転軸とするプレートの相対的な回
転の動きは、プレート間の間隔を著しい程度には変化させない。
【0020】 補綴具は、状況にかかわらず、特に補綴具が受ける応力とそれが示す変形とに
かかわらず、ボディー14が常に、これがプレート4の最大で1つとしか、または
そのどちらとも、接触しない位置を自然にとることができるように構成されてい
る。このような位置は、図2に点線で示すように、ボディー14の対称軸が主軸7
に対して傾斜している傾斜位置、および/またはボディーが主軸7に対して中心
から外れている位置でもよく、そうではなくボディーの対称軸が補綴具の主軸7
と一致する位置でもよい。この特性は主に、ボディー14の形状と寸法、流体12の
チャンバーの容積、およびボディー14と流体12の圧縮性から得られる。図示例の
場合、ボディーのこの特性は、ボディー14が流体12中に浸漬されており、プレー
ト4のそれぞれに対してそれらに固定されずに完全に移動可能であるため、ます
ます容易に得られる。当業者であれば、このように機能する補綴具を作製するの
に困難はないであろう。ボディー14のこの特性は、補綴具が応力を受けていない
時も、換言すると、患者に装着する前も、もちろんあてはまる。この特性は、装
着後の使用条件下でもあてはまる。例えば、この特性が、3000 Nの強度までの任
意の圧縮応力が補綴具にかかる場合にあてはまるのを確保することが可能となろ
う。3000 Nという強度は、例えば、患者が荷物を持っている時に健全な自然の椎
間板が時に受けることのある強度に対応する。安全性の理由から、この限度は、
実際の椎骨の抵抗の限界に対応する5000 Nの強度まで拡張してもよい。
【0021】 図示例がそうであるように、ボディー14の最小の全高hが、静止時にプレート
の中心間の離間距離dよりほんのわずか小さい場合には、チャンバー内のボディ
ー14の横方向のクリアランスを十分にとることができるようにすることが好まし
いであろう。例えば、主軸7に垂直なチャンバーの寸法は、同じ方向にとったボ
ディー14の最大全長の寸法の 1.3〜1.5 倍とする。
【0022】 ここでは、ボディー14は多数の隔室 (セル) 16を含んでおり、これらの隔室は
閉じていて、ボディー14の外面から隔離されている。各隔室には流体が入ってお
り、ここでは、この流体は、補綴具が静止している時にチャンバー内の流体12の
圧力より大きな圧力を有するガスである。これらの隔室16は圧縮下でのボディー
14の挙動を、特にその圧縮性を局部的に低下させることにより、変化させる。隔
室は、互いに連通していても、していなくてもよい。
【0023】 ボディー14の楕円形状は、ボディーに大きな容積とチャンバー内の流体12との
大きな接触表面積を与えることができると同時に、小さな高さhを与え、かつ圧
縮と撓みの両方におけるプレートの実質的な相対的な動きを可能にする点で特に
有利である。
【0024】 図3および4に示した別の態様は、図1および2に示したのに似たクッション
を備える。 本発明の範囲を逸脱せずに多くの変更を本発明に対してなすことも、もちろん
可能である。
【0025】 ボディー14をプレートの一方に固定して、他方のプレートがボディー14と接触
することができないように補綴具を構成することも可能である。 ボディー14は異なる形状、例えば、球形形状、を有することもできる。
【0026】 ベローズは断面が楕円形のものとすることもできる。 流体12は液体とすることもできる。 この場合、この液体とボディー14の材料は、液体がこの材料と接触することが
できてもこれを濡らさないように選択することができる。このような特性は、こ
の接触を生ずるのにある量のエネルギーを供給する必要があることを意味し、そ
のエネルギーは供給が終了した時に戻される。このバネ効果は、ボディーが多孔
質であるとますます顕著となる。細孔が長い網目構造を構成していると、細孔に
出入りする液体の循環により生ずるエネルギーの消散が減衰効果を生じ、これが
バネ効果と合わさって、補綴具が受ける圧縮の強さを、プレート中心間の間隔d
の変化の関数として示す曲線にヒステリシス形状を付与する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明の補綴具の1好適態様の部分破断斜視図である。
【図2】 図1の補綴具の軸方向断面を示す図である。
【図3】 別の態様の補綴具の斜視図である。
【図4】 図3の補綴具の軸方向断面を示す図である。
【手続補正書】特許協力条約第34条補正の翻訳文提出書
【提出日】平成12年12月18日(2000.12.18)
【手続補正1】
【補正対象書類名】明細書
【補正対象項目名】請求項2
【補正方法】変更
【補正内容】

Claims (10)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項1】 2枚のプレート(4) とこれらのプレートの間に挟持されたク
    ッション(8) とを備え、クッションが、流体(12)で満たされたチャンバーと圧縮
    性ボディー(14)とを有する椎間板補綴具であって、ボディー(14)は、補綴具が2
    枚のプレート(4) を互いに近づけるような圧縮を受けている時に、最大でプレー
    ト(4) の1つとしか接触状態とならない位置をとることができるように形状付与
    されていることを特徴とする、椎間板補綴具。
  2. 【請求項2】 圧縮が3000 Nに等しい強度を有することを特徴とする、請求
    項1記載の補綴具。
  3. 【請求項3】 2枚のプレート(4) とこれらのプレートの間に挟持されたク
    ッション(8) とを備え、クッションが、流体(12)で満たされたチャンバーと圧縮
    性ボディー(14)とを有する椎間板補綴具であって、ボディー(14)は、補綴具が応
    力を受けていない時に、最大でプレート(4) の1つとしか接触状態とならない位
    置をとることができるように形状付与されていることを特徴とする、椎間板補綴
    具。
  4. 【請求項4】 ボディー(14)が流体(12)中に浸漬されていることを特徴とす
    る、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の補綴具。
  5. 【請求項5】 ボディー(14)が各プレート(4) に対して移動可能であること
    を特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の補綴具。
  6. 【請求項6】 流体(12)が圧縮性であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5の
    いずれか1項に記載の補綴具。
  7. 【請求項7】 流体(12)の圧縮に対する抵抗がボディー(14)のそれより小さ
    いことを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の補綴具。
  8. 【請求項8】 ボディー(14)が、ボディーの外面から孤立した少なくとも1
    つの隔室(16)を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の
    補綴具。
  9. 【請求項9】 隔室(16)が第2の流体で満たされていることを特徴とする、
    請求項8記載の補綴具。
  10. 【請求項10】 補綴具が応力を受けていない時に、第2の流体の圧力がチ
    ャンバー内の流体(12)の圧力に等しいか、それより高いことを特徴とする、請求
    項9記載の補綴具。
JP2000587704A 1998-12-11 1999-12-09 摩擦が低減した椎間板補綴具 Expired - Fee Related JP4019631B2 (ja)

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FR98/15669 1998-12-11
FR9815669A FR2787014B1 (fr) 1998-12-11 1998-12-11 Prothese de disque intervertebral a frottements reduits
PCT/FR1999/003070 WO2000035382A1 (fr) 1998-12-11 1999-12-09 Prothese de disque intervertebral a frottements reduits

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AT (1) ATE333256T1 (ja)
AU (1) AU766217B2 (ja)
CA (1) CA2354169A1 (ja)
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ZA (1) ZA200104842B (ja)

Cited By (3)

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JP4019631B2 (ja) 2007-12-12
FR2787014A1 (fr) 2000-06-16
FR2787014B1 (fr) 2001-03-02
WO2000035382A1 (fr) 2000-06-22
ATE333256T1 (de) 2006-08-15
DE69932448T2 (de) 2006-12-28
CA2354169A1 (fr) 2000-06-22
DE69932448D1 (de) 2006-08-31
KR20020012534A (ko) 2002-02-16
US6582466B1 (en) 2003-06-24
ZA200104842B (en) 2002-01-21

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