JP2002361199A - Treatment apparatus for pcb-containing small-sized machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a treatment apparatus for PCB-containing small-sized machinery for evaporating PCB in the small-sized machinery containing PCB therein to draw out the same and further heating evaporated PCB to detoxify the same. SOLUTION: The treatment apparatus for PCB-containing small-sized machinery has feed means 12 and 13 for feeding a large number of small-sized machineries 11 having PC hermetically housed therein, a hole drilling means 15 for forming drawing holes to the containers of the small-sized machineries 11 fed by the feed means 12 and 13, a preheating furnace 24 for heating the small-sized machineries 11 to which the drawing holes are formed to gasify PCB in small-sized machineries 11, a heating furnace 29 for treating gasified PCB at a high temperature to decompose the same and cooling means 34-37 for cooling the high temperature exhaust gas from the heating furnace 29.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a detoxifying apparatus for small equipment including a PCB such as a condenser of a fluorescent lamp for lighting, wherein the PCB is used as an insulating oil.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Until recently, PCBs were used as insulating oil for capacitors used in fluorescent lamps because of their excellent insulating properties and low cost. However, recently, PCBs are extremely harmful substances and have caused environmental pollution. Therefore, it is natural that the production of the PCB is stopped, and the use of the device using the conventional PCB is also stopped. However, if these capacitors are left as they are, the case will rot,
Since the PCB may leak, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-350514 filed by the present applicant, a container made of a corrosion-resistant material such as stainless steel (a can for storing harmful substances). Had been kept in the store.

[0003]

However, even if the PCB is stored in a container as described above, since the PCB actually exists, there is a problem that the PCB may leak due to an earthquake or a fire. . This problem generally occurs not only in a fluorescent lamp capacitor but also in a small device (other capacitor, transformer, ballast, etc.) using a PCB. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has been made by evaporating and extracting a PCB in a small device including a PCB therein, and further evaporating the PC.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a processing apparatus for a PCB-containing small device for the purpose of detoxifying B by heat treatment.

[0004]

According to the present invention, there is provided a processing apparatus for a PCB-containing small device according to the present invention, which transports a large number of small devices having a sealed PCB therein, and transports the small device to the transport device. Drilling means for forming a hole in the container of the small equipment to be transported by the transport means,
P included by heating the small device in which the holes are formed
It has a preheating furnace for gasifying CB, a heating furnace for treating the gasified PCB by high-temperature decomposition, and a cooling means for cooling high-temperature exhaust gas from the heating furnace.

In the apparatus for processing PCB-containing small equipment according to the present invention, the transport means includes a conveyor for gradually transporting the individual small equipment and a plurality of small equipment transported by the conveyor. And a pushing device for transporting the small equipment into the preheating furnace. The punching means is preferably provided on the conveyor, and the punching hole is formed in each of the small devices during transportation. In the apparatus for processing a PCB-containing small device according to the present invention, the heating temperature in the preheating furnace is 600 to 1300 ° C., and the processing temperature of the gasified PCB in the heating furnace is 150 ° C.
It is preferable that the temperature of the exhaust gas from the cooling means be in the range of 0 ± 50 ° C. and the temperature range of normal temperature (for example, 10-30 ° C.) to 70 ° C. Set the heating temperature in the preheating furnace to 600-1.
The temperature of 300 ° C is within this range if the PCB inside the container is
Is gasified and escapes from the container, and when the temperature is further increased beyond this range, the container melts and requires a large amount of fuel. Further, when the temperature in the heating furnace is in the range of 1500 ± 50 ° C., the PCB is decomposed without generating diokincin. Furthermore, in the processing apparatus for a PCB-containing small device described in the above invention, generally,
The small device is a condenser of a fluorescent lamp for illumination, but the present invention is applicable to a capacitor or a transformer of another device.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings to provide an understanding of the present invention. Here, FIG. 1 is an overall plan view of a processing apparatus for a PCB-containing small device according to an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a side view of the conveying means and the preheating furnace around the processing apparatus for the PCB-containing small equipment.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a processing device 10 for a PCB-containing small device according to an embodiment of the present invention is an example of a large number of small devices in which a PCB is sealed. It is a device for processing a condenser 11 of a fluorescent lamp for use, and has a conveyor 12 and a pushing-in device 13 constituting a conveying means. The conveyor 12 has a plurality of receiving boxes 11
a is a chain conveyor that sequentially transports the capacitor a with its opening upward, and the capacitor 11 is accommodated in the receiving box 11a and transported. In addition, loading of the condenser 11 into the conveyor 12 may be performed by automatically providing another carrying means or manually. The conveyor 12 is fixed to a gantry 14, and a perforation means 15 is provided at an intermediate portion thereof.
The gantry 14 has a front portion rotatably supported by a fixed gantry 14a, and an elevating cylinder 14b provided on the rear side so as to be tiltable.

The piercing means 15 includes a small air cylinder 16
And a cone driven forward and backward by the air cylinder 16, and a hole is made in a metal case (container) of the capacitor 11 placed on the receiving box 11 a. In addition,
It is not necessary to penetrate the capacitor 11 with the hole for drilling the capacitor 11, but it is sufficient to penetrate the metal case on the front surface side. Reference numeral 17 denotes a mounting frame. The condenser 11 dropped from the chute 12a at the tip of the conveyor 12 is
It falls into the case (transport box) 18 made of stainless steel. The case 18 is mounted on a mobile trolley 19,
Is an air cylinder (or hydraulic cylinder, electric cylinder) 2
0 causes the rail 21 to move forward and backward. Moving trolley 19
A support frame 22 is provided at the rear of the moving carriage 19.
A pusher cylinder 23 for pushing the case 18 on the upper side is provided. In addition, the height of the fall port of the chute 12a and the case 18 can be changed by the operation of the elevating cylinder 14b, and the condenser 11 itself can be inclined to some extent. Loading of the condenser 11 from the conveyor 12 into the case 18 is performed while gradually moving the movable carriage 19, whereby the condenser 11 is dispersed and stored in the case 18. The case 18 may be entirely made of a refractory material such as pottery or porcelain.

The condenser 11 having the holes formed therein is housed in a case 18 and constitutes a preheating apparatus.
It is carried into 4. The preheating furnace 24 is made of a steel shell on the outside and a refractory on the inside wall, and has an opening / closing door 25 that can be raised and lowered by a lifting means (for example, an electric winch) (not shown) on the front side. The open / close door 25 is provided with a burner 26 using kerosene as a fuel. When the burner 26 is ignited in a state where the open / close door 25 is closed, the condenser 11 disposed on the mounting table 27 inside the case is 500-500 together with its case 18. 1300
Heat to ° C. In the case of high-temperature heating, the case 18
Is made of a refractory material. In order to carry the condenser 11 into the preheating furnace 24, the opening / closing door 25 is raised by using an elevating means to open the preheating furnace 24, the air cylinder 20 is extended, and the movable carriage 19 is advanced to a position short of the preheating furnace 24. In this case, the height of the movable carriage 19 is the same as the height of the mounting table 27 in the preheating furnace 24. The distance between the front end of the movable trolley 19 and the rear end of the mounting table 27 is sufficiently smaller than half of the entire length of the case 18. When the pusher cylinder 23 is extended in this state, the case 1
8 further moves forward, and moves from the moving carriage 19 to the mounting table 27. After the case 18 is completely moved to the mounting table 27, the movable cart 19 is retracted, and the opening / closing door 25 is closed. Thereafter, the burner 26 is ignited to heat the preheating furnace 24.

When the temperature of the preheating furnace 24 is increased, the condenser 11 is heated. Since a hole is formed in the condenser 11 by the hole drilling means 15, the internal PCB is vaporized (gasified) and blows out from the hole. Here, if the capacitor 11 is not provided with a hole, the internal pressure rises, and the capacitor 11 may explode, which may lead to an accident. I have. When the condenser 11 is heated by the preheating furnace 24, the vaporized PCB is blown out, and this is guided to the heating furnace 29 through the connecting pipe 28. The connection pipe 28 and the heating furnace 29 are made of iron shell on the outside, but are lined on the inside with a refractory material. The heating furnace 29 has a horizontal cylindrical shape,
A burner 30 using kerosene as a fuel is provided at one end to heat the induced PCB gas to a temperature of 1450 to 1550 ° C. PCB is decomposed into its composition by being exposed to this high temperature for a predetermined time (usually about 1/100 second). Then, the contained chlorine becomes chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride. This heating furnace 29
A gas outlet 32 is provided on the other side wall of the heating furnace 2.
The high temperature exhaust gas from 9 is led to a first cooler 34 via a connecting pipe 33. The first cooler 34 does not have a cooling pipe or the like inside, but radiates heat from the surroundings and cools the exhaust gas by passing through.

The exhaust gas discharged from the first cooler 34 further passes through second, third, and fourth coolers 35 to 37 connected by connecting pipes 38 to 40, respectively, and finally passes through the second cooler 35 to 37. 4 from the outlet 41 of the cooler 37 to 70 ° C.
It is emitted into the atmosphere as exhaust gas in the temperature range of
The exhaust gas may be discharged to the atmosphere through an alkaline agent such as calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, or sodium hydroxide as needed before the outlet 41 or at an intermediate position between the connecting pipes 38 to 40. Thus, the chlorine gas and the hydrogen chloride gas are almost completely recovered. However, even when the chlorine gas or the chlorine compound is not passed through, the PCB and Diokin are not detected at all, and furthermore, the chlorine gas and the chlorine gas are not detected. The problem itself was of little concern. The first to fourth coolers 34 to 37 constitute cooling means for lowering exhaust gas from the heating furnace 29 to a predetermined temperature. A valve 43 for controlling the flow rate of the exhaust gas is provided in the passage 42 on the front side of the exhaust port 41,
The amount of exhaust gas can be adjusted. The fourth cooler 37 is of a water cooling type having a water pipe inside.
The third cooler 36 is provided with a gas concentration measuring device 44 for analyzing the exhaust gas passing therethrough. When the gas concentration measuring device 44 detects, for example, Diokin, the gas is switched and the damper 45 is operated. And temporarily heating furnace 29
Is provided. If the concentration of Diokin is strictly measured and the Diokin remains in the exhaust gas at a level equal to or higher than the reference value, the fuel supply devices 47 and 48 (one of them is reserved) for controlling the amount of fuel to the burner 30 are controlled. Then, the fuel supplied to the burner 30 is increased to increase the heating temperature, thereby promoting the decomposition of Diokin.

The waste oil such as PCB is supplied to the tank 49.
It is also possible to decompose the PCB by mixing it with kerosene stored in the kerosene tanks 50 and 51, mixing the liquidized PCB with the fuel and subjecting it to high temperature treatment. FIG.
In the figure, 52 indicates a kerosene tank, and 53 indicates a fuel supply device for supplying to the preheating furnace 24. At this fuel supply device 53, oil containing PCB may be mixed with the fuel.

[0013] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the PCB within the scope of the present invention is not changed.
The present invention is also applied to a processing apparatus for a small-sized equipment. For example, the exhaust gas from the heating furnace 29 can be passed through an exhaust gas boiler, which is an example of a cooling unit, and the steam generated by the exhaust gas boiler can be converted into, for example, electric power. Further, in this embodiment, the preheating furnace 24 and the heating furnace 29 are separate devices, but the present invention is also applicable to a case where the lower part is a preheating furnace and the upper part is a heating furnace.

[0014]

According to the processing apparatus for a small device containing PCB according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, since a hole is formed in a container of the small device conveyed by the conveying means, a hole is formed. By the heat treatment, the PCB inside is safely gasified without explosion. Since the gasified PCB is heated at a high temperature by the heating furnace, the PCB can be processed without generating dioxin. In particular, in the processing apparatus for a PCB-containing small device according to claim 2, in the transfer means, a preheating furnace is provided in which a conveyor for gradually transferring individual small devices and a plurality of small devices transferred by the conveyor are put in a case. And a punching device for transporting the inside of the small equipment. Since the punching means is provided on the conveyor, and a punching hole is formed in each of the small devices being transported, the drilling operation can be performed without exposing the operator to the PCB. And P in the preheating furnace
Small equipment including CB can be carried in. Claim 3
In the processing apparatus of the described PCB-containing small equipment, the heating temperature in the preheating furnace is 600 to 1300 ° C., and the processing temperature of the gasified PCB in the heating furnace is 1500 ± 50 ° C.
And the exhaust gas from the cooling means is at room temperature to 70
° C, the PCB in the container of the small equipment is completely gasified and discharged to the outside as steam.
The CB vapor is thermally decomposed without generation of Diokin. In the processing device for a PCB-containing small device according to the fourth aspect, since the small device is a condenser for a fluorescent lamp for illumination, it is possible to process a capacitor containing a PCB, which has been conventionally subjected to a leaving process.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall plan view of a processing apparatus for a PCB-containing small device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a transporting means and a preheating furnace around the processing apparatus for the PCB-containing small equipment.

[Explanation of symbols]

10: PCB processing equipment for small equipment, 11: Condenser, 11a: Receiving box, 12: Conveyor, 12a: Chute, 13: Push-in device, 14: Stand, 14a: Fixed stand, 14b: Lifting cylinder, 15: Drilling hole Means, 16: Air cylinder, 17: Mounting frame, 18: Case (transport box), 19: Moving carriage, 20: Air cylinder, 21:
Rail, 22: support frame, 23: pusher cylinder, 24: preheating furnace, 25: door, 26: burner, 2
7: mounting table, 28: connecting pipe, 29: heating furnace, 30: burner, 32: gas outlet, 33: connecting pipe, 34: first cooler, 35: second cooler, 36: third Cooler, 3
7: fourth cooler, 38 to 40: connecting pipe, 41: outlet, 42: near side passage, 43: valve, 44: gas concentration measuring instrument, 45: switching damper, 46: bypass circuit, 4
7, 48: fuel supply device, 49: tank, 50 to 52:
Kerosene tank, 53: fuel supply device

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (71) Applicant 501229300 Yoshikazu Go 16-1 Mibo, Gifu City, Gifu Prefecture (71) Applicant 501229296 Yasuo Maskin 114, Higuchi, Kumage-cho, Kumage-gun, Yamaguchi Prefecture (71) Applicant 501229285 Akimura Makoto Makoto 2-8-2, Nakamura, Ube City, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan No. 20 (72) Inventor Yukiyuki Matsushita 6-23-6-105 Kai, Ube City, Yamaguchi Prefecture Inside the Beautification Industry Co., Ltd. Shinichi 1879 Kusumi, Nagashima-cho, Ena City, Gifu Prefecture (72) Inventor Yoshiichi Goichi 16-1, Mibo, Gifu-shi, Gifu Prefecture (72) Inventor Yasuo Masuki 114, Higuchi, Kumage-cho, Kumage-gun, Yamaguchi Prefecture (72) ) Inventor Makoto Akimura 2-8-22-2 Nakamura, Ube City, Yamaguchi Prefecture (72) Inventor Hiromi Machida 382, Higuchi, Kumage-cho, Kumage-gun, Yamaguchi Prefecture (72) Inventor Satoshi Matsushita 2 Washirooka, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka Prefecture 8-8-20 F-term (reference) 2E191 BA13 BB00 BD12 4D004 AA22 AB06 CA04 CA22 CA32 CB34 CB45 CB46 DA03 DA06

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A transporting means for transporting a large number of small devices having a PCB sealed therein, a perforation means for forming a hole in a container of the small device transported by the transporting means, and the transporting means A preheating furnace for heating the small equipment having the holes formed therein to gasify the PCB contained therein, a heating furnace for treating the gasified PCB by high-temperature treatment and decomposition, and a high-temperature exhaust gas from the heating furnace And a cooling means for cooling the PCB. 2. The processing apparatus for a PCB-containing small device according to claim 1, wherein the transport means comprises a conveyor for gradually transporting the individual small devices and a plurality of small devices transported by the conveyor. A push-in device for inserting and transporting into the preheating furnace, wherein the perforation means is provided on the conveyor, and the punched hole is formed in each of the small devices in the process of being transported. Equipment processing equipment. 3. The processing apparatus for a PCB-containing small device according to claim 1, wherein the heating temperature in the preheating furnace is 60.
0-1300 ° C., the processing temperature of the gasified PCB in the heating furnace is in the range of 1500 ± 50 ° C., and the exhaust gas from the cooling means is in the temperature range of normal temperature to 70 ° C. A processing device for a PCB-containing small device, characterized in that: 4. The P according to claim 1, wherein
In the processing apparatus for a CB-containing small device, the small device is a condenser for a fluorescent lamp for lighting.
Processing equipment for B-containing small equipment.