JP2002358076A - Keyboard instrument and method of controlling keyboard instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a keyboard instrument which is capable of reflecting not only the playing intensity but key touch intensity in musical piece data in the sound volume of the musical tones outputted from the keyboard instru ment and a method for controlling the same. SOLUTION: The keyboard instrument 1 is provided with a key touch detecting section 110. The key touch detecting section 110 detects a key touch speed and supplies the result of the detection to a CPU 101. When key touch intensity is formed from this key touch speed, the CPU 101 reads the velocity (playing intensity) of the event data corresponding to the key touch intensity out of a RAM 103 and determines the sound production intensity indicating the sound volume level of the musical tones to be produced from the read out playing intensity and key touch intensity. The CPU 101 outputs the determined sound production intensity and the corresponding playing event to a sound source 106. The sound source 106 performs the formation of sound source signals, etc., according to the playing event and sound production intensity supplied by the CPU 101.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a keyboard instrument and a control method for a keyboard instrument.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A plurality of illuminants are arranged corresponding to each key of a keyboard instrument, and the illuminant corresponding to the key to be depressed is emitted as the music progresses. Various keyboard instruments provided with a performance support function for notifying a key are provided. A player using such a keyboard instrument sequentially presses down keys corresponding to the respective light emitters that are sequentially and selectively emitted according to one predetermined song. As a result, the corresponding musical sound is output from the speaker or the like, and the music performance is performed.

[0003]

However, the volume of the musical tone output from the keyboard instrument in response to the player's pressing operation depends on the strength with which the player presses a key (hereinafter referred to as key pressing intensity). Instead, it is uniquely determined by the velocity (hereinafter referred to as performance intensity) in the music data stored in the memory or the like of the keyboard instrument. Therefore, when the keyboard instrument is used for performance practice or the like, it is possible to acquire fingering of a musical piece, but not to acquire an appropriate key pressing strength. For this reason, a player who has mastered fingering of a musical piece using the keyboard instrument has performed the musical piece using a general keyboard instrument (a piano or the like that generates a musical tone having a volume corresponding to the key pressing strength). In such a case, although the music can be played at the correct pitch (pitch), the volume of the musical tone to be produced is inappropriate and the surroundings are inconvenienced.

The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances described above, and it is desirable that the volume of a musical tone output from the keyboard instrument reflects not only the playing intensity in the music data but also the key pressing intensity. It is an object of the present invention to provide a possible keyboard instrument and a method for controlling the keyboard instrument.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a keyboard instrument according to the present invention has a plurality of keys corresponding to musical tones, performance data for specifying musical tones, and performance intensity. Storage means for storing the music data including the performance intensity information, control means for reading and outputting the music data stored by the storage means, and a finger to be depressed in accordance with the music data output by the control means. Notification means for sequentially notifying the user of the key, detection means for detecting the key press strength of a pressed key of the plurality of keys, and outputting key press strength information indicating the detected key press strength, and the control means When generating a musical tone specified by the performance data in the music data output by the control unit, performance intensity information corresponding to the musical tone in the music data output by the control means and From the key press intensity information output by the output unit, sound intensity information indicating the sound intensity of the musical tone specified by the performance data in the music data output by the control unit is obtained, and the musical sound is generated in accordance with the obtained sound intensity information. And sounding means for producing sound.

According to this configuration, not only the performance intensity in the music data but also the key depression intensity is reflected in the volume of the musical tone output from the keyboard instrument, that is, the tone generation intensity. Thus, for example, even when the player has just started practicing the performance, the player can obtain an appropriate volume feeling through hearing while grasping the key pressing strength through his / her finger or the like. .

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Various embodiments in which the present invention is applied to a keyboard instrument will be described below with reference to the drawings.
Such an embodiment shows one aspect of the present invention, and can be arbitrarily changed within the scope of the present invention.

A: First Embodiment A-1: Configuration of First Embodiment FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an external appearance of a keyboard instrument 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the keyboard instrument 1 includes a main body 10, a left-hand playing section 11, a right-hand playing section 12,
It is composed of a left hand fingering display section 13 and a right hand fingering display section 14.

The left hand playing section 11 includes keys 11a, 11b, 1
1c, 11d, and 11e, and the right hand playing section 12 has keys 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, and 12
e. Each of these keys can be pressed by a player with a finger, similarly to the keys of a normal keyboard instrument. Here, in the present embodiment, each key constituting the left hand playing section 11 corresponds to each finger of the left hand, and each key constituting the right hand playing section 12 corresponds to each finger of the right hand. Specifically, the left-hand performance unit 1
The key 11a corresponds to the little finger of the left hand, the key 11b corresponds to the ring finger of the left hand, the key 11c corresponds to the middle finger of the left hand, the key 11d corresponds to the index finger of the left hand, and the key 11e corresponds to the thumb of the left hand. Similarly, in the right hand playing section 12, the key 12a is the right thumb, the key 12b is the right index finger, the key 12c is the right middle finger, the key 12d is the right finger, the key 12e is the right finger, Each corresponds.

The left hand fingering display section 13 and the right hand fingering display section 14 each have five LEDs (Light Emitting
Diode). Then, as shown in FIG. 1, the five LEDs included in the left hand fingering display unit 13 are arranged at positions corresponding to the five keys included in the left hand performance unit 11, respectively, and the right hand fingering display unit is provided. 5 LEDs included in 14
Are arranged at positions corresponding to the five keys included in the right-hand playing section 12, respectively. And any LED
By turning on, one of the keys can be instructed to the player.

In this embodiment, each key and each finger are 1
One of the LEs
By illuminating D, it is possible to indicate a key to be pressed and a finger to be pressed. And in this embodiment, the LED
When the key indicated by the lighting of the key (that is, the finger to be pressed) and the key actually pressed by the player (that is, the finger that actually pressed the key) satisfy the predetermined condition, the music Any musical tone inside is output. This predetermined condition is:
Although it differs depending on the performance mode to be described later, for example, when the key indicated by the lighting of the LED matches the actually pressed key, that is, the fingering by the player is performed in a preset operation. When a finger matches, a musical tone is output (fingering matching mode described later), and so on.

Next, a control system of the keyboard instrument 1 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in the figure, the control system of the keyboard instrument 1 has a CPU
(Central Processing Unit) 101, ROM (Read On
ly Memory) 102, RAM (Random Access Memory)
103, external storage device 104, operation unit 105, sound source 10
6, a speaker 107, an LED driver 108, and a key press detection unit 110. Each of these parts
The keyboard instrument 1 may be embedded in the main body, or may be provided in a box separate from the keyboard instrument 1.

The CPU 101 includes various units connected via a bus 111, that is, a ROM 102, a RAM 103,
External storage device 104, operation unit 105, sound source 106, LE
Various information is exchanged between the D driver 108 and the key press detection unit 110, and functions as a control center of the keyboard instrument 1. The ROM 102 stores various control programs executed by the CPU 101. RAM1
Numeral 03 is used as a main memory by the CPU 101, and has a storage area for storing music data described later and a storage area for setting various flags and registers described later.

The external storage device 104 includes a magnetic storage medium or a CD-R storing information on music performance such as music data.
It is composed of an OM (Compact Disk Read Only Memory) and a reading device for reading data from these. The music data stored in the external storage device 104 is read in response to an instruction from the CPU 101,
The data is loaded into the RAM 103.

Here, the music data for one music is shown in FIG.
As illustrated in FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B, right-hand music data including information on performance of a part to be played by a right hand (hereinafter referred to as a “right-hand part”) and a part to be played by a left hand ( Hereafter, it is composed of left-hand music data including information on the performance of the "left-hand part". The right-hand music data and the left-hand music data are configured to include event data for instructing a performance operation and time data indicating a time interval between these event data. Here, there are three types of event data: a note-on event, a note-off event, and a key pressure event.

The note-on event is event data for instructing generation of a musical tone. As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, a note number for designating a musical tone to be generated, And velocity for designating the intensity of the musical tone. In the present embodiment, note numbers and keys do not correspond one-to-one. That is, when any one of the keys is depressed, one of the tones (for example, 88 types of tones) that can be output by a normal keyboard instrument is output.

The note-off event is event data for instructing the elimination of a tone generated by the note-on event, and includes a note number for instructing a tone to be muted and a velocity. However,
Since the note-off event data is data for instructing the sound to be silenced, the velocity has a default value of “64”. In the following description,
Note-on events and note-off events are collectively referred to as "performance events".

The key pressure event includes fingering data for designating a finger to be pressed. Here, each fingering data includes any number (finger number) from “1” to “5”, and any finger is specified by this finger number. That is, the thumb is “1”, the index finger is “2”, and so on. In the present embodiment, each finger of the performer and each key correspond to each other on a one-to-one basis. Therefore, the fingering data specifies a finger to be pressed and a key to be pressed. It also specifies the key. Then, in the present embodiment, the LED provided corresponding to the key specified by the fingering data during the key pressure event is turned on, whereby the key to be pressed (=
The finger to press the key) is notified.

In this embodiment, the timing for reading the key pressure event is longer than the timing for reading the note-on event for instructing the generation of a musical tone corresponding to the key pressure event (FIG. 3A). The time data in the music data is set to be earlier by “6” in the example shown in FIG. 3B. In other words, the LED is turned on at a timing earlier by a predetermined time than the timing at which the key is actually pressed to output a musical tone.

The CPU 101 reads out these event data at the timing designated by the time data in the music data, or at the timing when any key is depressed.
9 、 Key pressure event is LED driver 10
8 or to the key driving unit 109, and so on, to the destination corresponding to the type of each event data. The above is the configuration of the music data used in the present embodiment.

Next, in FIG. 2, an operation unit 105 includes a start switch for instructing the player to start the performance operation, a stop switch for instructing the performance operation to end, and a key press intensity for a sound intensity to be described later. It has a tone intensity switching dial for switching the degree of reflection of performance intensity, a mode selection key for selecting various performance modes (described later), various switches and operators, etc., and is compatible with user operations. The transmitted signal is transmitted to the CPU 101.

The LED driver 108 is a means for turning on one of the left hand fingering display unit 13, the right hand fingering display unit 14, and the LEDs arranged near the operation unit 105. That is, the LED driver 108
01, the key pressure event is supplied, and among the plurality of LEDs, the LED corresponding to the key specified by the fingering data during the key pressure event
Etc. are turned on.

The key press detecting section 110 is means for detecting the state of a key (key press, key release, etc.), and includes, for example, a key sensor 110a shown in FIG. The key sensor 110a according to the present embodiment can detect the state of each key. However, in the following description, in order to facilitate understanding of the description, a case where the state of one key is detected will be described. I do. The key sensor 110a is an LED 2 that emits detection light.
24, a sensor box 25 provided with a light-emitting sensor head 221 and a light-receiving sensor head 222, a plate-shaped shutter 26 attached to the lower surface of each key, and outputs detection light detected by the light-receiving sensor head 222. Signal Sa
And a photodiode 225 that converts the light into a light.

The light-emitting sensor head 221 constituting the sensor box 25 emits the detection light supplied from the LED 224 via the optical fiber as detection light having a diameter of about 5 (mm). The detection light emitted from the light-emitting side sensor head 221 is received and transmitted to the photodiode 225 via an optical fiber. here,
Since the amount of light received by the light-receiving sensor head 222 changes according to the position of the shutter 26, that is, the position of the key 1, the output signal S output from the photodiode 225 is changed.
The signal level a corresponds to the position of the key 1.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the signal level of the output signal Sa and the key stroke. As shown in FIG. 5A, the signal level of the output signal Sa changes from the key position (rest position) when the key is not depressed to the key position (end position) when the key is depressed until the key is pressed. It changes almost straight up to. Also, the amount of change (slope) in the signal level is proportional to the key pressing intensity. For example, when the player presses the key strongly, the change amount increases, and when the player presses the key weakly, the change amount increases. (Figure 5
(B), corresponding to FIG. 5 (c)).

The CPU 101 includes a photodiode 225
Is sampled at a predetermined sampling rate from the output signal Sa output from the
k1 to kn), a key pressing speed is obtained, and a key pressing intensity is generated from the obtained key pressing speed. In addition, regarding the generation of the key pressing strength,
For example, a key pressing intensity function, a key pressing intensity generation table, etc. are stored in a memory (not shown), and the key pressing speed is substituted into the key pressing intensity function to determine the key pressing intensity, or the key pressing intensity is used as a search key for the key pressing intensity A method of retrieving the generation table and acquiring the corresponding key press intensity is conceivable, but which method is adopted can be changed according to the design or the like.

When the CPU 101 generates the key press intensity,
The velocity (performance intensity) of the event data corresponding to the keystroke intensity is read from the RAM 103, and the read performance intensity and keystroke intensity are substituted into the following equation (1) to generate a tone indicating the volume level of the musical tone to be emitted. The strength is determined and the sound source 106
Output to Vo = Vi + (Vr-Vi) * n (0 ≦ n ≦ 1) (1) Vo; sound generation intensity Vi; key pressing intensity Vr; performance intensity

As is apparent from equation (1), the sound intensity V
The degree of reflection of the key pressing intensity Vi and the playing intensity Vr with respect to o (hereinafter, appropriately referred to as the degree of reflection) differs depending on the value of n. For example, when n = 0, the key pressing intensity Vi is directly reflected on the sounding intensity Vo. , N = 1, the playing intensity Vr is directly reflected on the sounding intensity Vo, and if n = 0.5,
The key press intensity Vi and the performance intensity Vr are respectively reflected in the sound intensity Vo by half.

The value of n can be set by operating the sound intensity switching dial of the operation unit 105 (for example,
The player can set the value of n as appropriate according to his or her performance level (beginner, intermediate, advanced, etc.). To elaborate, beginner level performers
The value of n is set higher, and the performance intensity Vr is largely reflected on the sound intensity Vo. This allows the player to smoothly obtain an appropriate volume feeling through hearing.
On the other hand, advanced level players set the value of n lower,
The key press intensity Vr is largely reflected on the sound intensity Vo. As a result, the player can perform the performance by reflecting the strength of the key press on the volume.

The sound source 106 is a means for generating a tone signal in accordance with a performance event and a tone intensity Vo supplied by the CPU 101. Specifically, the CPU 10
When the note-on event and the sound intensity Vo are supplied from 1, a tone signal corresponding to the note number and the sound intensity Vo included in the note-on event is generated and output. On the other hand, when a note-off event is supplied by the CPU 101, the sound source 106 stops generating a tone specified by the note number included in the note-off event. The signal output from the sound source 106 is amplified by an amplifier (not shown),
7 is output. Note that a configuration in which a headphone or an earphone is provided instead of the speaker 107 may be employed. The above is the configuration of the keyboard instrument according to the present embodiment.

A-2: Performance Mode Next, a description will be given of performance modes that can be selected during performance in the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, as a performance mode for a player to practice music or the like, a. Fingering match mode, b. Fingering direction matching mode, c. Any key modes are provided, and the player can selectively switch between these modes by operating the mode selection keys of the operation unit 105. Further, in the present embodiment, separate modes can be set for the left hand part and the right hand part. For example, the fingering matching mode is set for the left hand part, and the any key mode is set for the right hand part.

In the keyboard instrument according to the present embodiment, in addition to the above-described modes, any one of the keys is driven regardless of the key drive mode in which the keys are driven in accordance with the progress of the music performance and the progress of the music. A percussion instrument mode in which a percussion instrument sound assigned to the key is output when the key is pressed, an automatic performance mode in which an automatic performance is performed, and the like can be set. However, since it is not directly related to the gist of the present invention, I omit the explanation. Hereinafter, each mode will be described.

A. Fingering match mode In this fingering match mode, a tone is output only when the key specified by the fingering data during the key pressure event completely matches the key actually pressed by the player. . That is, a musical sound is output only when the fingering specified by the music data matches the actual fingering by the player.

B. Fingering direction matching mode In this fingering direction matching mode, the key specified this time by the fingering data is compared with the key previously specified by the fingering data (hereinafter, referred to as the “previous key”). When the key pressed by the player is in the same direction (positive or negative x-axis direction) in the direction in which the keys are arranged (x-axis direction in FIG. 1), a musical tone is output. It has become. For example, when the previous key is the key 12c and the key to be pressed this time is the key 12a, the key 12a to be pressed this time is located in the negative direction of the x-axis with respect to the previous key 12c. Therefore, when a key located in the negative direction of the x-axis with respect to the previous key 12c is pressed,
When the key a or the key 12b is pressed, the musical tone at that point in the music is output.

In other words, this fingering direction matching mode can be described in two ways: a finger that should have been pressed last time, a finger that is currently specified by fingering data, and a finger that has actually pressed the key. It can also be said that a musical tone is output when are on the same side of the hand. That is, in the above-described example, the finger that should be pressed last time is the middle finger of the right hand, and the finger that should be pressed this time is the right thumb.
Here, when viewed from the back side of the right hand, the thumb is located on the left side with respect to the middle finger. Therefore, when the key is pressed by the finger on the left side (thumb side) of the middle finger, that is, the thumb or the index finger, the musical tone at that point in the music is output.

C. Any key mode In this any key mode, a musical tone is output even if any key is pressed, that is, even if any key is pressed. . The above is the performance mode in the present embodiment.

A-3: Flags and Registers Next, various flags and registers set in the RAM 103 will be described with reference to FIGS. RA
M103 includes a start flag SF, performance mode flags PM (R) and (L), registers AD (R) and AD (L), DU (R) and DU (L), and ADG.
(R) and ADG (L), and DUG (R) and DUG (L), respectively. For these flags or registers,
Those marked with “(R)” indicate registers or flags for the right-hand part, and those marked with “(L)” indicate registers or flags for the left-hand part.

As shown in FIG. 6, the start flag SF
Is a flag indicating whether or not a performance operation is performed. In a start / stop process to be described later, “1” is set when a start switch of the operation unit 105 is pressed, and “1” is set when a stop switch is pressed. Is set to "0".

Performance mode flags PM (R) and PM
(L) is a flag indicating which of the above-described modes the right hand part and the left hand part are set to, respectively. Specifically, when the fingering matching mode is set, the performance mode flag PM (R
Or L) is set to "0" and the fingering direction matching mode is set, and the performance mode flag PM (R or L) is set to "1" and the any key mode is set. Is set to "2" in the performance mode flag PM (R or L).

As shown in FIG. 7, various registers include registers DU (R) and DU (L) used for measuring elapsed time, and DUG (R) and DUG used for counting elapsed time.
(L), registers AD (R) and AD (L) used for storing addresses in the RAM 103, and ADG (R) and ADG (L).

The time interval between each performance event in the right-hand music data is set in the register DU (R). In other words, in the example of FIG. 3A, immediately after the start of the music performance, a time interval "10 (4 + 6)" from the beginning of the music data to the first performance event is set, and thereafter, "12" is sequentially set. , “14 (8 + 6)”,..., Etc. Similarly, register DU
(L) shows a time interval between performance events in the left-hand music data (in the example of FIG. 3B, “18 (12+
6), “32”, “8 (2 + 6)”,...) Are set.

In the register DUG (R), a time interval between each key pressure event in the right-hand music data is set. That is, in the example of FIG. 3A, a time interval “4” from the beginning of the music data to the first key pressure event is set immediately after the music performance starts, and thereafter, “26 (6 + 12 +
8) ",..., Etc., each value is set. The register DUG (L) stores a time interval between each key pressure event in the left-hand music data (FIG. 3B).
In the example of “12”, “40 (6 + 32 + 2)”,
…) Is set.

In the register AD (R), the addresses in the RAM 103 where the performance events in the right hand music data are stored are sequentially set at the timing specified by the time set in the register DU (R). You. That is, in the example of FIG. 3A, the address “R
4 "," R6 "," R10 ",... Similarly, the RAM storing the next performance event in the left-hand music data is stored in the register AD (L).
103 (“L4”, “L6”, “L10”)
..) Are sequentially set.

ADG (R) has a RAM in which each key pressure event in right-hand music data is stored.
The addresses in 103 are sequentially set. That is, in the example of FIG. 3A, “R2”, “R8”,
…, Etc. are sequentially set. Similarly, addresses (“L2”, “L8”,...) In the RAM 103 where the next key pressure event in the left-hand music data is stored are sequentially set in the register ADG (L).
The above are the flags and registers used in the present embodiment.

A-4: Operation of Embodiment Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. First, FIG.
The main routine of the processing executed in the present embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. Note that each process described below is executed by the CPU 101 in the ROM 1.
The program is executed according to various programs stored in the program 02.

First, when the power of the keyboard instrument 1 is turned on, the CPU 101 performs an initial setting process (step S1).
0). In this initial setting process, the CPU 101 initializes the above-described various registers and flags, and blinks an LED and the like near the sound intensity switching dial,
The player is prompted to set the degree of reflection of the key press intensity Vi and the performance intensity Vr with respect to the pronunciation intensity Vo. The player operates the sound intensity switching dial to set the reflection degree (for example, n = 0.2) based on his or her performance level or the like.

When the CPU 101 receives a command for setting the degree of reflection from the operation unit 105, it substitutes a value (for example, n = 0.2) corresponding to n in the above equation (1), and performs initialization processing. To end. When this initialization process ends, the CP
U101 performs the start / stop processing shown in FIG. 5 (step S20). In the start / stop processing, when the start switch or the stop switch of the operation unit 105 is pressed, processing such as setting of the above-described registers is performed (details will be described later).

When the start / stop processing is completed, the CPU 101 performs the keyboard processing shown in FIG. 13 (step S30). In this keyboard processing, when any key is pressed or released, a sound generation process (FIGS. 14A to 14C) or a process for silencing is performed according to the set performance mode. (Details will be described later). When the keyboard processing is completed, the CPU 101 performs panel processing (step S40). In this panel processing, the state of various switches in the operation unit 105 is detected, and the above-described various flags are set according to the state of each switch.

When the panel processing is completed, the CPU 101 performs other processing (step S50), and then performs the keyboard processing again. Thereafter, the CPU 101 performs the processing from the above-described keyboard processing to other processing (steps S20 to S20).
S50) is repeated until the power of the keyboard instrument 1 is turned off. Further, in addition to the main routine described above, the CPU 101 performs an interrupt process shown in FIG. 10 at regular time intervals. In this interrupt processing, processing for turning on the LED and the like are performed.

Here, the above-described start / stop processing will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. When the start / stop processing starts, the CPU 10
1 determines whether or not the start switch of the operation unit 105 has been turned on (step S201). If the result of this determination is that the start switch has been turned on, the CPU 101 sets the start flag SF to "1" (step S202) and performs a data set process (step S203).

In this data set processing, the CPU 1
01 instructs the reading device in the external storage device 104 to read the music data. And the CPU 10
1 stores the music data read in response to this instruction as R
The data is written in a predetermined storage area in the AM 103. further,
The CPU 101 stores the time until the first note-on event in the music data is read out in the register DU (see FIG. 7) and the time until the first key pressure event in the music data is read out in the register DUG (see FIG. 7). Set the time respectively. In the examples shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, specific values set in each register are:
DU (R) = 10, DU (L) = 18, DUG (R) =
4. DUG (L) = 12.

When such a data set process is completed, or when it is determined that the start switch is not turned on as a result of the above-described determination (step S201), the CPU 101 turns on the stop switch of the operation unit 105. It is determined whether or not it has been performed (step S204).
If the CPU 101 determines that the stop switch has been turned on, the CPU 101 sets “0” to the start flag SF (step S205), and ends the start / step processing. On the other hand, if it is determined that the stop switch is not turned on as a result of the above-described determination, the start / stop processing is terminated as it is not necessary to change the value of the start flag SF.

Next, with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 10 to 14, the detailed processing performed in the above-described interrupt processing and keyboard processing will be described. In the following description, the left hand part is set to the fingering matching mode, and the right hand part is set to each of the following modes: (1) fingering matching mode, (2) fingering direction matching mode, and (3) any key mode. The explanation will be divided into the cases where

(1) When both the left hand part and the right hand part are set to the fingering matching mode (performance mode flag PM (L) = 0, performance mode flag PM (R) = 0) As described above, the CPU 101 Performs an interrupt process at regular time intervals (for example, a time interval corresponding to a tempo set by the player operating the operation unit 105).

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing this interrupt processing. When the interrupt processing is started, the CPU 101
First, it is determined whether or not the start flag SF is "1" (step S101). As described above, the start flag SF is set to “1” when an instruction to start a performance operation is given. Therefore, if it is determined that the start flag SF is not "1" as a result of this determination, that is, if the performance operation has not been started, the following processing is not required, and the interrupt processing is immediately terminated. .

On the other hand, when the start flag SF is "1"
If it is determined that the start of the performance operation has been instructed. In this case, the CPU 101
Are registers DU (L), DU (R), and DU shown in FIG.
The values set in G (L) and DUG (R) are each decremented by "1" (step S10).
2).

Thereafter, the CPU 101 proceeds to step S103.
To S106, that is, processing b. LED lighting processing of right hand part and left hand part, and processing c. A register for the right hand part and the left hand part are set. Hereinafter, each of these processes will be described.

Process b. LED Lighting Process (See FIG. 11) The CPU 101 starts the LED lighting process for the right hand part. In this LED lighting process, the register D
When the time set in the UG (R) becomes “0”, a process for turning on the LED 15 corresponding to the key specified by the fingering data included in the key pressure event is performed.

When this process b is started, the CPU 101
Is the above-described decrement (step S shown in FIG. 10)
102), the value of the register DUG (R) is “0”
It is determined whether or not has become (step S107). As described above, the time between each key pressure event in the right-hand music data is set in the register DUG (R). Therefore, as a result of this judgment, the register DUG
If it is determined that the value of (R) is not “0”,
Since this means that it is not the lighting timing of the ED, the process b is immediately terminated, and the process proceeds to a process c described later. On the other hand, when it is determined that the value of the register DUG (R) is “0”, it means that the lighting timing of one of the LEDs 15 has arrived,
101 performs the process shown in step S108.

That is, the CPU 101 sets the address where the key pressure event to be processed this time is stored in the register ADG (R), and sets the time until the next key pressure event to be processed is read out in the register DUG (R). Set to R). Specifically, the address where the key pressure event next to the key pressure event stored at the address set in the register ADG (R) at that time is set in the register ADG (R). However, when the value of the register DUG (R) becomes "0" for the first time after the music performance starts, the address where the first key pressure event is stored is set in the register ADG (R). Further, the CPU 101 newly registers the register AD.
The time until the next event of the key pressure event stored at the address set in G (R) is read is set in register DUG (R) (step S1).
08).

Then, the CPU 101 determines in step S
At 108, the key pressure event stored at the address newly set in the register ADG (R) is read from the RAM 103 and output to the LED driver 108 (step S109), and the process b for the right hand part shown in FIG. 10 ends. .

Here, the LED driver 108 turns on the LED corresponding to the key specified by the fingering data included in the key pressure event received from the CPU 101 among the LEDs included in the right hand fingering display unit 14. Further, the LED driver 108 turns off the lighted LED when a predetermined time has elapsed since the LED was turned on. By performing such processing, the key specified by the key pressure event in the music data (that is, the finger to be pressed) is notified to the player. The timing at which the LED is turned off is not limited to after a lapse of a fixed time from the time of lighting. For example, the LED may be turned off at the timing when the next key pressure event is received, or the note-off event in the music data may be received. The light may be turned off at a different timing. In addition, the process b for the left hand part can be described in the same manner as described above, and thus is omitted.

Processing c. Setting of Registers (See FIG. 12) When the above-described process b is completed, the CPU 101 sets the registers for the right-hand part and the left-hand part at the timing when the time set in the register DU (R) becomes “0”. Do. The details are as follows.

First, the CPU 101 decrements the register DU (R) (step S shown in FIG. 10).
102), it is determined whether or not the value of the register DU (R) has become "0" (step S110). As described above, the time between each performance event in the right-hand music data is set in the register DU (R). Therefore, as a result of the above determination, the value of the register DU (R) is “0”.
If not, it means that the timing for setting the register for the performance of the right hand part has not arrived yet, and thus the process c is ended without performing the process of step 111.

On the other hand, if it is determined that the value of the register DU (R) is "0", it means that the timing to set the register for the performance of the right hand part has come. In this case, the CPU 101 sets, in the register AD (R), the address where the performance event next to the performance event stored in the address set in the register AD (R) at that time is stored. However, if the value of the register DUG (R) becomes "0" for the first time after the music performance starts, the address where the first performance event is stored is set in the register AD (R).
Further, the CPU 101 sets the time required until the next event after the performance event stored in the address newly set in the register AD (R) to be read out, in the register DU (R).
(Step S111), and the processing c for the right hand part shown in FIG. 10 ends. Note that the process c for the left hand part can be described in the same manner as described above, and thus is omitted. As described above, the CPU 101
Are executed, and the interrupt process is terminated.

Next, the keyboard processing executed in the above-described main routine will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. When the keyboard processing shown in FIG. 13 is started, the CPU 101 first determines whether any of the keys released in the previous keyboard processing has been pressed (step S301). This determination is made based on a signal transmitted from key press detection section 110. As a result of this determination, when it is determined that the key is not depressed, processing for generating a musical tone (step S302)
To S304), the CPU 101
Processing for silencing a musical tone (steps S305 to S307)
Proceed to.

On the other hand, if it is determined that any of the keys released in the previous keyboard processing has been depressed, the CPU 101 determines that the depressed key has been depressed by the right hand playing unit 12.
It is determined whether or not the key is included in (step S30)
2). This determination is made based on the output signal Sa output from the key press detection unit 110. When the depressed key is a key included in the right-hand performance unit 12, the CPU 101 determines the currently set performance mode of the right-hand part, that is,
While the sound generation process corresponding to the fingering matching mode is performed (step S303), if the pressed key is a key included in the left hand performance unit 11, the CPU 101 sets the currently set left hand performance mode, that is, the left hand performance mode. Then, a sound generation process corresponding to the fingering matching mode is performed (step S304).

FIGS. 14A to 14C show that the performance mode of the right hand part or the left hand part is the fingering match mode (P
It is a flowchart which shows a tone generation process when M = 0), fingering direction matching mode (PM = 1), and any key mode (PM = 2) are set. When the playing mode of the right hand part is set to the fingering match mode, the CP
As shown in FIG. 14A, U101 first determines whether or not “1” is set in the start flag SF (Step Sa10). As a result, the start flag S
If "1" is not set in F, it means that the performance operation has not been started, and it is not necessary to perform sound generation processing or the like, and the processing returns to the keyboard processing without performing any processing.

On the other hand, "1" is set in the start flag SF.
Is set, that is, when the performance operation has been started, the CPU 101 determines whether the fingering data in the key pressure event stored at the address set in the register ADG (R) at that time indicates. It is determined whether or not the designated key matches the key pressed by the player (determined by the output signal Sa supplied from the key press detection unit 110) (step Sa).
11). As a result, if the key specified by the fingering data does not match the depressed key, the process returns to the keyboard process without performing the sound generation process.

On the other hand, if the CPU 101 determines that the key specified by the fingering data and the pressed key match, the CPU 101 sets the register AD at that time.
The performance event stored at the address set in (R) is read from the RAM 103 (step Sa12),
The process moves to step Sa13. In step Sa13, the CPU 101 obtains the playing intensity Vr from the playing event, obtains the key pressing speed based on the output signal Sa supplied from the key pressing detecting unit 110, and stores the obtained key pressing speed in, for example, a memory (not shown). The key depression strength Vi is generated by substituting the key depression strength into the stored key depression function (step Sa13). CP
U101 substitutes the thus obtained performance intensity Vr and key depression intensity Vi into Expression (1), and obtains the sound intensity Vo (step Sa14). The CPU 101 outputs the obtained sound intensity Vo and the performance event to the sound source 106, and then returns to the keyboard processing.

The sound source 106 that has received the performance event
A tone signal is generated in accordance with the performance event and the tone generation intensity Vo, and output to the speaker 107. Here, for example, when the value of n is set to 0.2 (see the above-described initial setting process), the key press intensity Vi is largely reflected on the sound intensity Vo (Vo = 0.8Vi + 0.2Vr). . Therefore,
From the speaker 107, a musical tone having a volume that largely reflects the key press intensity Vi is output. As described above, when the playing mode is set to the fingering match mode, the key specified by the fingering data and the key pressed by the player match only in accordance with the sounding intensity Vo. When a musical tone having the same volume is generated and the key specified by the fingering data does not match the key pressed by the player, no musical tone is generated.

Now, after the sound generation processing described above is performed,
The CPU 101 performs the following mute processing (shown in FIG.
Steps S305 and S306) are performed. In this mute processing, the CPU 101 first determines whether any of the keys depressed in the previous keyboard processing has been released (step S305). If it is determined that any key has been released, the CPU determines
101 transmits to the sound source 106 an instruction to stop the generation of the musical tone corresponding to the released key (step S312), and ends the keyboard processing. On the other hand, if it is determined that none of the keys has been released, there is no need to perform the process for stopping the musical sound, and the keyboard process is terminated. The interrupt processing and keyboard processing when both the left hand part and the right hand part are set to the fingering matching mode have been described above.

(2) When the left hand part is set to the fingering matching mode and the right hand part is set to the fingering direction matching mode (performance mode flag PM (L) = 0, performance mode flag PM (R) = 1) When the left hand part is set to the fingering matching mode and the right hand part is set to the fingering direction matching mode, substantially the same processing as in the above (1) is performed. Therefore, the description of the same processing as in the above (1) is omitted.

When the left hand part is set to the fingering matching mode and the right hand part is set to the fingering direction matching mode, step S3 in the keyboard processing (FIG. 13) in the above (1).
At 03, a sound generation process corresponding to the fingering direction matching mode, that is, a sound generation process shown in FIG.

When the sound generation process shown in FIG. 14B is started, the CPU 101 first determines whether or not the start flag SF is "1" as in the sound generation process shown in FIG. (Step Sb10). As a result, if it is determined that the start flag SF is not "1", the sound processing need not be performed, and the process returns to the keyboard processing.

On the other hand, the start flag SF is set to "1".
In this case, the CPU 101 determines that the key specified by the fingering data in the key pressure event stored at the address set in the register ADG (R) at this time (the key to be pressed this time) is the key It is determined whether the key is located in the positive direction or the negative direction of the x-axis with respect to the key (previous key) specified by the fingering data in the key pressure event before the pressure event. Further, the CPU 101 determines whether the key pressed by the player is located in the positive direction or the negative direction of the x-axis with respect to the previous key.
Then, as a result, it is determined whether or not the position of the key to be pressed this time and the position of the actually pressed key are in the same direction in the x-axis direction with respect to the position of the previous key (step Sb11).

If it is determined that the directions are not the same, the process returns to the keyboard process without performing the sound generation process.
On the other hand, if it is determined that the
01 stores the performance event stored at the address set in the register AD (R) at that time in the RAM 103.
(Step Sb12) and Step Sb13
Move to In step Sb13, the CPU 101 acquires the performance intensity Vr from the performance event,
A key pressing speed is determined based on the output signal Sa supplied from the key pressing detecting unit 110, and the determined key pressing speed is substituted into, for example, a key pressing intensity function stored in a memory (not shown) to generate a key pressing intensity Vi. (Step Sb13). The CPU 101 obtains the sound intensity Vo by substituting the performance intensity Vr and the key depression intensity Vi obtained in this way into the equation (1) (step Sb).
14). The CPU 101 outputs the obtained sound intensity Vo and the performance event to the sound source 106, and then returns to the keyboard processing.

As described above, when the performance mode is set to the fingering direction matching mode, the key to be pressed this time and the key to be pressed this time are compared with the key to be pressed immediately before. Only when the key is in the same direction (positive direction or negative direction) in the x-axis direction, a musical tone having a volume corresponding to the sounding intensity Vo is generated. That is, for example,
If the key to be pressed last time is the key 12b corresponding to the index finger of the right hand and the key to be pressed this time is the key 12d corresponding to the ring finger of the right hand, the key 12d to be pressed this time is:
It is on the right side of the previous key 12b. Therefore, when the key on the right side of the immediately preceding key 12b is pressed, that is, the key 12c corresponding to the middle finger of the right hand, the key 12d corresponding to the ring finger, and the key 12e corresponding to the little finger are pressed. In this case, a musical tone having a volume corresponding to the sound intensity Vo is output.

(3) When the left hand part is set to the fingering matching mode and the right hand part is set to the any key mode (performance mode flag PM (L) = 0, performance mode flag PM
(R) = 2) The processing performed when the left hand part is set to the automatic performance mode and the right hand part is set to the fingering direction matching mode is almost the same as the processing in (1) described above. Therefore,
The description of the processing common to the above (1) is omitted.

If the left hand part is set to the fingering matching mode and the right hand part is set to the any key mode, step S30 in the keyboard processing (FIG. 13) in the case of (1) above.
In FIG. 3, the processing shown in FIG. In the flowchart shown in FIG.
First, as in the sound generation processing shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B, the performance operation is started by determining whether or not the start flag SF is "1" (step Sc10). It is determined whether or not. When the performance operation is started, the performance event stored at the address set in the register AD (R) is stored in the RAM.
Read from step 103 (step Sc11), step S11
The process proceeds to c12. The CPU 101 determines in step Sc12
, The playing intensity Vr is obtained from the playing event, the key pressing speed is obtained based on the output signal Sa supplied from the key pressing detecting unit 110, and the obtained key pressing speed is stored in, for example, a key pressing stored in a memory (not shown). The key pressing strength Vi is generated by substituting the key pressing strength into the strength function (step Sc12). CPU101
Is the performance intensity Vr and the key depression intensity Vi thus obtained.
Is substituted into the expression (1), and the sound intensity Vo is obtained (step Sc13). The CPU 101 outputs the obtained sound intensity Vo and the performance event to the sound source 106, and then returns to the keyboard processing.

The tone generator 106 generates a tone signal in accordance with the performance event and the tone intensity Vo received from the CPU 101, and outputs the tone signal to the speaker 107. As described above, in the any key mode, a musical tone is output regardless of which key is pressed by the player. The above is the operation of the keyboard instrument according to the present embodiment.

As described above, according to the keyboard instrument of the present embodiment, the volume of the musical tone output from the sound source via the speaker or the like, that is, the degree of reflection of the key pressing intensity Vi and the playing intensity Vr on the sounding intensity Vo can be arbitrarily determined. Can be set. Since the reflection degree can be switched by the player operating a sound intensity switching dial or the like, for example, when the player has just started practicing the performance, the sound intensity V
By setting the degree of reflection of the playing intensity Vr to o large, the player can smoothly obtain an appropriate volume feeling through hearing while grasping the key pressing intensity Vi through his / her finger or the like.

Further, by practicing the performance using the keyboard instrument, it is possible to acquire the appropriate key pressing strength together with the fingering of the music, and therefore, it is possible to use a conventional keyboard instrument having a performance support function. Performers who have only learned the fingering of the song
This makes it possible to suppress a problem that occurs when a user switches to a normal keyboard instrument and performs a performance that should be performed at a low volume, which would otherwise cause annoying surroundings. Also, the performer does not need to perform frequent volume adjustment operations, and can perform while paying attention to performance elements other than the volume, such as rhythm.

On the other hand, if the player is proficient in playing,
By setting the degree of reflection of the key pressing intensity Vi to the sounding intensity Vo to be large, the player can perform the performance by reflecting the strength of the key pressing on the volume. In other words, the player can play at the desired volume without being bound by the playing intensity Vr. Further, when setting is made such that the keying intensity Vi is all reflected in the sounding intensity Vo (Vo = Vi), it is possible to obtain a playing feeling similar to that of a general keyboard instrument (see the section of the prior art). .

As described above, according to the keyboard instrument according to the present embodiment, the performance is performed by using only one keyboard instrument while reflecting the key press intensity Vi and the performance intensity Vr on the sounding intensity Vo. As in the case of a general keyboard instrument (see the section of the prior art), it is possible to realize both modes of performing a performance by reflecting only the key press intensity Vi to the sound generation intensity Vo.

Further, since the performance mode can be selected, it is possible to acquire the above-mentioned appropriate volume feeling and to practice according to the skill level of each player. For example, in the example of the above embodiment, it is considered that the difficulty is increased in the order of the fingering direction matching mode, the fingering matching mode, and the like, in which the any key mode is the easiest. Therefore, if the mode is switched to any key mode at first, followed by fingering direction matching mode, fingering matching mode, more effective practice can be performed.

Further, according to the keyboard instrument of the present embodiment, the number of keys is small, so that the size and weight of the keyboard instrument can be significantly reduced as compared with the conventional keyboard instrument. There is an advantage that it is excellent.

The music data according to the present embodiment (FIG. 3
Is a configuration including event data indicating a performance operation and time data indicating a time interval between these event data, but may be a configuration not including time data. When the music data is configured as described above, the CPU
101 detects a key press operation by a player, reads out a performance event in the music data in accordance with the detected order, and sequentially outputs it to a sound source 106. Thus, it is also possible to use music data that does not include time data.

Further, in the present embodiment, the case where the reflection of the key pressing intensity Vi and the playing intensity Vr with respect to the sound intensity Vo of the right hand part and the left hand part is set to be the same by the operation of the sound intensity switching dial by the player. As described in the example, for example, a keyboard instrument is provided with a sound intensity switching dial for the right hand part (referred to as a first dial) and a sound intensity switching dial for the right hand part (referred to as a second dial), and different degrees of reflection are set. You may do it.

For example, if the player is good at the right hand part and is not good at the left hand part, the player operates the first dial to set a large degree of reflection of the key pressing strength Vi on the sound intensity Vo of the right hand part (ie, , N are set low), while the second dial is operated to set a large degree of reflection of the playing intensity Vr on the sound intensity Vo of the left hand part (that is, set a high value of n).

As a result, the performer can smoothly learn the volume feeling of the part he is not good at, and can perform the part he is good at at the desired volume without being bound by the performance intensity Vr. . Although the first dial and the second dial are used for easy understanding of the description, for example, the reflectivity of the right hand part is set first, and then the reflectivity of the left hand part is set. By defining a rule such as setting, the reflection degree can be set for a plurality of parts using one tone intensity switching dial.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the total number of keys is 10 has been described, but the total number of keys may be set to 5, for example. In this case, it is possible to select which part of the right-hand part and the left-hand part to practice, and the performance practice in the performance mode in the present embodiment is performed only on the selected part. Thus, there is an advantage that the size of the keyboard instrument can be reduced. When a keyboard instrument having five keys and a well-known keyboard instrument (for example, a silence piano) are used in combination, the keyboard instrument is assigned to the left hand and the silence piano is assigned to the right hand. It is also possible to play using different keyboard instruments. Note that the number of keys provided on the keyboard instrument according to the present invention is 5n so that each finger of one or more players corresponds to each key in a one-to-one correspondence with each finger.
(N is a natural number).

B: Second Embodiment B-1: Configuration of Second Embodiment FIG. 15 is a plan view showing the appearance of a keyboard instrument according to a second embodiment. As shown in the figure, this keyboard instrument has a keyboard 20 composed of black keys and white keys, similarly to a conventional keyboard instrument.
0 and an LED unit 201 including a plurality of LEDs arranged at positions corresponding to the respective keys. In the keyboard instrument according to the present embodiment, unlike the keyboard instrument according to the above embodiment in which each finger corresponds to each key in a one-to-one correspondence, each key corresponds to a musical tone in a one-to-one correspondence. I have. That is, when any key is pressed, a tone corresponding to the key is output. FIG.
Although only a part of the keys is shown in FIG. 5 for convenience, 88 keys are provided in correspondence with a piano of a natural musical instrument. In the keyboard musical instrument shown in FIG. 15, reference numerals such as "C4" and "D4" assigned to each key are tone names of musical tones corresponding to each key.

In such a configuration, when the performance operation is started, one of the LEDs of the LED section 201 is sequentially turned on in accordance with the progress of the music. Then, similarly to the first embodiment, when the key indicated by the lighting of the LED and the key actually pressed by the player satisfy a predetermined condition, the musical tone in the music is output. Has become. The predetermined condition differs depending on the set performance mode.

B-2: Performance Mode In the first embodiment described above, five performance modes can be selected in a keyboard instrument in which ten keys and fingers correspond one-to-one. The keyboard instrument according to the embodiment has a configuration in which each key and each musical tone correspond one-to-one. Therefore, when the performance mode in the above embodiment is applied to the keyboard instrument according to the present embodiment, the performance mode is slightly different from the performance mode in the above embodiment. Hereinafter, the performance mode of the keyboard instrument will be described.

A. Pitch matching mode Only when the key specified by the lighting of the LED and the actually pressed key match, a musical tone corresponding to the key is output at a volume corresponding to the sounding intensity Vo. If the designated key does not match the key that was actually pressed, no musical tone is output.

B. Pitch matching mode If the pitch of the tone to be generated this time is higher than the pitch of the tone that was to be generated immediately before (the immediately preceding pitch), the pitch is compared with the immediately preceding pitch. When a key corresponding to any of the high tones is depressed, the tone to be emitted this time is output at a volume corresponding to the tone intensity Vo. Also,
If the pitch of the musical tone to be generated this time is lower than the immediately preceding pitch, a key corresponding to one of the musical tones whose pitch is lower than the immediately preceding pitch is pressed. In this case, the musical tone to be generated this time is output at a volume corresponding to the sound intensity Vo.

For example, it is assumed that the tone to be generated immediately before is "G3 (see FIG. 15)" and the tone to be generated this time is "C4". In this case, the previous musical tone "G3"
Since the pitch of the musical tone "C4" to be generated this time is higher than that of the musical tone "G3", the musical tones "G # 3" and "A3" have higher pitches than the immediately preceding musical tone "G3". , "A #
When a key corresponding to any one of the musical tones of "3", "B3", "C4",... Is depressed, the musical tone "C4" to be produced this time is produced. For example, if the immediately preceding musical tone is "F # 3" and the musical tone to be generated this time is "D3", the musical tone to be generated this time is compared with the pitch of the previous musical tone "F # 3". Since the pitch of “D3” is low, the musical tone whose pitch is lower than the immediately preceding musical tone “F # 3”, that is, the musical tones “F3”, “E3”, “D # 3”,
If a key corresponding to any of the musical tones is pressed, the musical tone "F # 3" to be generated this time is generated.

C. Any key mode In this any key mode, a musical tone to be generated this time is output regardless of which key is pressed by the player. The above is the details of the play modes that can be selected in the keyboard instrument according to the present embodiment. Here, similarly to the first embodiment, any one of the performance modes may be set independently for the right hand part and the left hand part. Further, the sound intensity V of the right-hand part and the left-hand part is controlled by the operation of the sound intensity switching dial by the player.
The degree of reflection of the key depression intensity Vi and the performance intensity Vr with respect to o may be set independently. The operation according to the present embodiment is substantially the same as the operation according to the above-described embodiment, and a description thereof is omitted.

C: Third Embodiment In the first embodiment, the keyboard instrument 1 has ten keys, and these ten keys correspond to the respective fingers on a one-to-one basis. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, a keyboard instrument having a plurality of keys (for example, 88 keys) similar to a normal keyboard instrument is used, and some of the keys (for example, (10 keys) and each finger can be associated with each other on a one-to-one basis.

In this embodiment, a keyboard instrument having a keyboard having 88 keys, for example, is provided instead of the keyboard instrument 1 in the first embodiment shown in FIG. I have. That is, the LED driver 10
The LEDs driven by 8 are provided corresponding to each of the 88 keys of the keyboard instrument. The key drive unit 109 can drive any one of these 88 keys to a pressed state or a released state. Also,
When any one of the 88 keys is pressed, the key press detection unit 110 outputs an output signal Sa corresponding to the key to the CPU.
Output to 101. Here, as the keyboard instrument, for example, an electronic keyboard instrument, a silenced piano capable of silencing performance, a silenced performance, a multi-tone performance, and a silenced automatic performance piano capable of automatic performance can be used. .

In such a configuration, the keyboard instrument according to the present embodiment performs a performance using 88 keys similarly to a normal keyboard instrument (hereinafter referred to as a normal mode).
And a mode (hereinafter, referred to as fingering training mode) in which only one of the 88 keys is used to perform in the same manner as in the first embodiment (hereinafter, referred to as fingering training mode). You can choose to. Further, in the fingering training mode, the three performance modes in the first embodiment can be selected. Hereinafter, the operation in the present embodiment will be described.

When the normal mode is set, C
The PU 101 determines, based on the output signal Sa from the key press detection unit 110, which key has been pressed or released, and determines a note-on event or a note-off corresponding to a musical tone corresponding to the key. The event is output to the sound source 106. As described above, when the normal mode is set, a performance similar to that of a conventional keyboard instrument can be performed.

On the other hand, when the fingering training mode is set, the operation of the keyboard instrument according to the present embodiment is as follows. The player first selects any 10 keys out of the 88 keys that make up the keyboard. For example, ten keys pressed after the player performs a predetermined operation on the operation unit 105 are selected.
Here, the selected ten keys may be ten adjacent keys, or ten keys selected at an arbitrary interval (for example, ten keys selected every other key). It may be.

The CPU 101 selects the 10
The keys are associated with the fingers of both hands on a one-to-one basis. That is, for example, out of the ten selected keys, five keys located on the left are associated with the respective fingers of the left hand, and five keys located on the right are associated with the respective fingers of the right hand. It is. In this case, the five keys associated with each finger of the left hand correspond to the five keys of the left hand playing section 11 in the first embodiment, and the five keys associated with each finger of the right hand Is the right hand playing section 12 in the first embodiment.
Will be equivalent to the five keys. The CPU 101 writes the selected ten keys and the identification number of each finger in the RAM 103 in association with each other.

Thereafter, operations similar to those in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 to 14 are performed using these ten keys. However, in the present embodiment, after determining whether any key has been pressed in step S301 in the keyboard processing shown in FIG.
U101 refers to the information for identifying the ten keys written in the RAM 103, and determines whether the pressed key is any one of the ten keys selected in advance. . As a result of this determination, if it is determined that the key is one of the ten keys, the CPU 101 proceeds to the processing of step S302 in FIG.
On the other hand, if it is determined that the pressed key is not any of the ten keys, there is no need to perform any processing for sound generation, and the keyboard processing is immediately terminated.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the performance as a normal keyboard instrument using 88 keys, and only 10 of all the keys are made to correspond to each finger on a one-to-one basis. Since the performance can be selected, the performance practice suitable for the skill level of the player can be performed. That is, it is possible to perform fingering training using only 10 keys at the beginning of the practice, and to practice using 88 keys after getting used to some extent.

Here, when a silencer piano having a hammer action mechanism (a mechanism for striking a string with a hammer and generating sound) and an automatic silencer for silent performance are used as the keyboard instruments, the fingering training mode is set. In this case, the stringing by the hammer may not be performed by a well-known muffling mechanism, so that the stringing of the hammer by the player by pressing the key may be prevented.

By installing a new program on a keyboard instrument or the like that has been conventionally marketed, the keyboard instrument according to the third embodiment may be retrofitted to the keyboard instrument. In this way, the user who owns the keyboard instrument does not need to separately purchase a special device unlike the keyboard instrument 1 in the first embodiment.

In this embodiment, any ten keys are selected from the 88 keys provided in the keyboard instrument, and these ten keys are made to correspond one-to-one with each finger of both hands. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and 5n (n is a natural number)
Individual keys may be selected so that a plurality of players can play a duet or perform with only one hand.

D: Fourth Embodiment Next, a keyboard instrument according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the keyboard instrument according to the first embodiment, a plurality of performance modes can be set, thereby performing the training of the player. However, the present invention is not limited to the performance training apparatus. Instead, it can be implemented as a keyboard instrument. FIG. 16 is a plan view showing the external appearance of the keyboard instrument 2 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention based on such a viewpoint.

In the keyboard instrument 1 according to the first embodiment, each finger of the right hand and the left hand has a total of 1 corresponding to 1: 1.
Although zero keys 11a to 11e and 12a to 12e are provided, in the keyboard instrument 2 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 16, each finger of either one of the left hand or the right hand is used. A total of 5 keys 12 corresponding to 1 to 1
a, 12b, 12c, 12d, and 12e are provided. In addition, five LEDs corresponding to each key
The fingering display unit 14 includes a key fingering display unit 14 which indicates which key should be pressed (or which finger should be pressed) by lighting of each LED. This is the same as the keyboard instrument according to the first embodiment.

Further, in the first embodiment, various performance modes for performance practice are provided, but in the present embodiment, from the viewpoint of a keyboard instrument for enjoying performance, Only the fingering matching mode in the first embodiment is provided. That is,
LED corresponding to the finger (key) specified by the fingering data included in the key pressure event in the music data
Is lit, and when the key corresponding to the lit LED is depressed, a musical tone is output based on the corresponding performance event and the tone intensity Vo in the music data. In other words, it can be said that the pitch of the musical tone assigned to each key dynamically changes as the music progresses. Note that the specific operation of the keyboard instrument according to the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

According to the keyboard instrument of this embodiment, since each key and each finger correspond one-to-one, even a beginner who is not used to playing the keyboard instrument can easily enjoy the performance. Can be. In general, in order to improve the performance of a beginner, it is considered important to recognize a state in which each finger of the hand is associated with each key in a one-to-one correspondence, that is, to recognize a so-called home position. In a keyboard instrument, since a large number of keys are provided, there is a problem that recognition of such a home position may be hindered. On the other hand, according to the keyboard instrument according to the present embodiment, each finger has a one-to-one correspondence.
Is provided with only five keys corresponding to the above, there is an advantage that even a beginner can immediately recognize the home position.

E: Modifications Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the above embodiment is merely an example, and various modifications may be made to the above embodiment without departing from the spirit of the present invention. be able to. For example, the following modifications can be considered.

<Modification 1> The keyboard instrument according to the first embodiment has a configuration in which the sound intensity Vo is obtained by using the expression (1). For example, the sound is generated by using the following expression (2). The strength Vo may be obtained. Vo = ｛Vi + (Vr−Vi) * n｝ * m (2) (0 ≦ n ≦ 1, 0 <m ≦ 2) Vo; sound intensity Vi; key press intensity Vr; performance intensity

By setting the value of n as appropriate, the player can determine the key press intensity Vi and the performance intensity V for the sound intensity Vo.
By setting the degree of reflection of r and appropriately setting the value of m, the volume level of the musical tone output from the speaker 107 is adjusted. More specifically, in the initial setting process shown in FIG.
In addition to prompting the player to set the degree of reflection of i and the playing intensity Vr, the LED and the like near the volume adjustment dial (not shown) are blinked to prompt the player to set the volume level.

The player first operates the tone intensity switching dial to set the degree of reflection (for example, n = 0.2) based on his or her own performance level, and then plays a musical tone at a desired volume. To generate the sound, the sound volume level is set (for example, m = 1.2) by operating the sound volume adjustment dial. The player sets a small value of m when generating a musical sound at a low volume, and sets a large value of m when generating a musical sound at a high volume. The CPU 101
When the value of n and the value of m are received from the operation unit 105, the value of n and the value of m are substituted into the above equation (2), and the initialization processing ends.

Thereafter, the CPU 101 obtains the playing strength Vr from the performance event and generates the key pressing strength V in the sound generation process shown in FIG. 14, as in the first embodiment.
When i is generated (step Sa13 and the like), the obtained musical performance intensity Vr and key press intensity Vi are substituted into the equation (2) to determine the sound intensity Vo (step Sa14 and the like) and output to the sound source 106. As a result, a musical tone having a volume based on the setting of the reflection level (the value of n) and the volume level (the value of m) is generated by the speaker 107.
Output from

As described above, according to the keyboard instrument of this modification, not only the setting of the reflection of the playing intensity Vr and the key pressing intensity Vi with respect to the sounding intensity Vo, but also the setting of the volume level, that is, the sounding intensity Vo Can be set. This makes it possible to set the volume level in consideration of the surrounding environment, such as setting the volume low when the surroundings are quiet and setting the volume high when the surroundings are noisy.

<Modification 2> In the above-described first embodiment, the case where the player appropriately sets the value of n has been described. For example, the value of n may be changed according to the player's key depression strength Vi. May be set.

FIG. 17 is a diagram exemplifying the coefficient management table TA stored in the RAM 103. In the coefficient management table TA, a key pressing intensity level, a key pressing intensity range,
The values of n are registered in association with each other. As shown in FIG. 17, the value of n is proportional to the key pressing intensity level. When the key pressing intensity level is low, the value of n is small, and as the key pressing intensity level increases, the value of n increases. As described above, when the value of n is small, the key press intensity Vi is largely reflected on the sound intensity Vo, and when the value of n is large, the performance intensity Vr is greatly reflected on the sound intensity Vo. Therefore, if the player presses the key weakly (= the value of n is small), the key pressing intensity Vi
Is strongly reflected on the sounding intensity Vo, and when the key is pressed strongly (= n is large), the playing intensity Vi is greatly reflected on the sounding intensity Vo.

Such a coefficient management table TA is stored in RAM
When an output signal Sa corresponding to a certain key is received from the key press detection unit 110 in the state stored in the
101 generates a key press intensity Vi based on the output signal Sa and refers to the coefficient management table TA. CPU101
Specifies the key pressing intensity level corresponding to the key pressing intensity Vi by determining which key pressing intensity range includes the generated key pressing intensity Vi, and then determines the key pressing intensity level corresponding to the key pressing intensity level. Specify a value. The operation after specifying the value of n can be described in substantially the same manner as in the above-described first embodiment, and will not be described.

As described above, according to the keyboard musical instrument of the present modification, the playing strength and the degree of reflection (the value of n) of the key pressing strength Vi with respect to the sound generating strength Vo are determined in accordance with the key pressing strength Vi of the player. Is set. This allows the player to start playing without setting the reflection level. In this modification, the key management intensity Vr is largely reflected on the sound intensity Vo when the player presses the key weakly, and the performance intensity Vi is greatly reflected on the sound intensity Vo when the player strongly presses the key. Although TA has been illustrated, on the contrary, when the player presses the key weakly, the playing intensity Vr is changed to the sounding intensity Vo.
A key management table or the like may be used in which the keystroke intensity Vi is largely reflected in the sounding intensity Vo when the key is strongly pressed.

The player himself sets each information (keystrength range, type of keystrength level, etc.) registered in the coefficient management table TA including the correspondence between the keystrength level and the value of n. You may make it changeable. Also, instead of the coefficient management table TA, a function for uniquely specifying the value of n from the key press intensity Vi or the performance intensity Vr is stored in the RAM.
103, etc., and the value of n may be calculated from the key pressing intensity Vi or the playing intensity Vr using the function. As described above, the present modification is applicable to all modes in which the value of n is changed stepwise based on some information (keystroke strength Vi, performance strength Vr, etc.).

<Modification 3> The keyboard instrument according to Modification 1 has a configuration in which the sound intensity Vo is obtained by using Expression (2). For example, the following Expressions (3) and (4) are used. The sound intensity Vo may be obtained by utilizing this. Vi ′ = Vi * m (3) Vo = Vi ′ + (Vr−Vi ′) * n (4) (0 ≦ n ≦ 1, 0 <m ≦ 2) Vo; pronunciation intensity Vi, Vi ′; Key strength Vr; playing strength

As shown in the equations (3) and (4), when the key pressing intensity Vi is input, the CPU 101 multiplies the input key pressing intensity Vi by a coefficient m, and obtains the key pressing intensity obtained by this. Using the intensity Vi ′ and the performance intensity Vr, a sound generation intensity Vo is obtained. Here, for example, when an infant with a weak touch on average performs, the value of m is set to “1.2” or the like. As a result, the key press intensity Vi ′ used when obtaining the sound intensity Vo becomes larger than the input key press intensity Vi, and as a result, the sound intensity Vo itself increases.

As described above, the key press intensity Vi is changed at the time of input, and the tone intensity Vo is changed by using the changed key press intensity Vi ′.
May be requested. The value of m can be changed as appropriate by the player operating the operation unit 105 as in the above-described embodiment. For example, the value of m may be changed every predetermined performance section (for example, 40 bars from the beginning). The average value (Vr−Vi) ave of the difference between the intensity Vr and the key press intensity Vi is determined, and the player's touch feeling (for example, touch feeling “strong”, touch feeling “ It is also possible to automatically determine the value of m according to the result of the determination.

For example, the average value of the difference (Vr−Vi) a
If the CPU 101 determines that the player's touch feeling is “strong” based on “ve” or the like, the CPU 101 sets the value of m to a value smaller than 1 (eg, 0.5 or the like) in order to set the key press intensity Vi ′ to be small. When the CPU 101 determines that the touch feeling of the player is “weak”, the CPU 101 sets the value of m to a value larger than 1 (for example, 1.5) in order to set the key press intensity Vi ′ to be large.
Etc.).

As described above, it is also possible for the CPU 101 to automatically determine the player's touch feeling and to automatically set the value of m according to the determination result. In this modification, the touch feeling of the player is determined from the average value (Vr−Vi) ave of the difference between the playing strength Vr and the key pressing strength Vi obtained for each predetermined playing section. The average value of the difference between the playing intensity Vr and the key pressing intensity Vi obtained by the performance (for example, the average value of the difference between the playing intensity Vr and the key pressing intensity Vi obtained in the previous performance, etc.) is used by the player. The touch feeling may be determined.

Further, by applying this modified example to the above-described first embodiment and the like, for example, the average value of the key pressing intensity Vi, the performance intensity Vr, and the deviation amount (for example, | Vr−Vi | av)
e), the performance level of the player is determined (for example, if the average value of the deviation amount is large, the performance level is set low), and the value of n is automatically set according to the performance level. It is also possible.

<Modification 4> Various functions related to the keyboard instrument described in each of the above-described embodiments and modifications can be realized by software. Specifically, the RAM 1 of the keyboard instrument is stored on a recording medium (such as a memory card) storing the software or a server or the like equipped with the software via a transmission medium (such as a mobile communication network).
03 and install it. As described above, the above-described functions can be realized by software.

[0133]

As described above, according to the present invention,
There is an effect that not only the playing intensity in the music data but also the key pressing intensity can be reflected on the volume of the musical tone output from the keyboard instrument.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an external appearance of a keyboard instrument according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of the keyboard instrument according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of music data according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of a key sensor according to the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between an output signal and a key stroke according to the embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining various flags according to the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining various registers according to the embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a main routine according to the embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing start / stop processing according to the embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an interrupt process according to the embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a process b according to the embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a process c according to the embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing keyboard processing according to the embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a tone generation process according to the embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a plan view showing an external appearance of a keyboard instrument according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a plan view showing an external appearance of a keyboard instrument according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a coefficient management table according to a second modification of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 2, ... keyboard instrument, 10 ... body, 10a ... left body, 10b ... right body, 11 ... left-hand playing part, 12 ...
... Right hand performance part, 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d, 11
e, 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e ... key
13 left fingering display, 14 right fingering, 1
01: CPU, 102: ROM, 103: RA
M, 104: external storage device, 105: operation unit, 10
6 ... sound source, 107 ... speaker, 108 ... LED driver, 110 ... key press detection unit, 110a ... key sensor.

Continued on the front page F term (reference) 5D082 AA04 AA13 AA27 5D378 CC51 DD02 DD13 DD22 DE06 DE42 EE01 HA02 KK17 MM04 MM48 MM54 MM58 MM72 MM92 NN04 NN23 SE06 SF01 TT34 XX25

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A storage means for storing a plurality of keys each corresponding to a musical tone, musical performance data for specifying a musical tone, and music data including performance intensity information for specifying a musical intensity. Control means for reading and outputting the music data obtained, according to the music data output by the control means,
An informing means for sequentially informing the user of a finger to be pressed, a detection of detecting a key pressing strength of a pressed key among the plurality of keys, and outputting key pressing strength information indicating the detected key pressing strength. Means for generating a musical tone specified by the performance data in the music data output by the control means, wherein performance intensity information corresponding to the musical tone in the music data output by the control means and the detection means From the output keystroke intensity information, sound intensity information indicating the sound intensity of a musical tone specified by the performance data in the music data output by the control means is obtained, and the sound is generated according to the obtained sound intensity information. Keyboard musical instrument comprising: 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a designation unit for designating a degree of reflection of the key press intensity and the performance intensity with respect to the pronunciation intensity, wherein the tone generation unit is designated by performance data in music data output by the control unit. When producing a musical tone to be played, in accordance with the degree of reflection specified by the specifying means,
From the performance intensity information corresponding to the musical tone in the music data output by the control means, and from the key press intensity information output by the detection means, designated by the performance data in the music data output by the control means 2. The keyboard musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein sound intensity information indicating a sound intensity of the musical tone is obtained, and the musical sound is generated according to the obtained sound intensity information. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the specifying unit determines the degree of reflection of the key pressing intensity and the playing intensity with respect to the sound generation intensity from the key pressing intensity information output by the detecting unit, and specifies the determined degree of reflection. 3. The keyboard instrument according to claim 2, wherein: 4. A key-strength information indicating a key-strength output from the detection means and indicating key-strength greater than the key-strength, or a key-strength indicating a weak key-strength. Further comprising changing means for changing to information, the sounding means, when sounding a musical tone specified by the performance data in the music data output by the control means, according to the degree of reflection specified by the specifying means,
From the performance intensity information corresponding to the musical tone in the music data output by the control means and the key press intensity information changed by the change means, designated by the performance data in the music data output by the control means 3. The keyboard musical instrument according to claim 2, wherein sound intensity information indicating the sound intensity of the musical tone is obtained, and the musical sound is pronounced according to the obtained sound intensity information. 5. The input means for inputting information for specifying the degree of reflection of the key press intensity and the performance intensity with respect to the pronunciation intensity from a user, and from the information input by the input means. 3. The keyboard instrument according to claim 2, further comprising: a determination unit that determines a degree of reflection to be specified. 6. A method according to claim 1, further comprising: first designating means for designating the degree of reflection of the key press intensity and the performance intensity with respect to the sounding intensity; and second designating means for designating an intensity level of the sounding intensity. The sounding means, when sounding a musical tone specified by the performance data in the music data output by the control means, specifies the degree of reflection specified by the first specifying means and the degree of reflection specified by the second specifying means. The playing strength information corresponding to the musical tone in the music data output by the control means and the key pressing strength information output by the detecting means in accordance with the intensity level of the music data output from the music data output by the control means. Sounding intensity information indicating a sounding intensity of a musical tone specified by the performance data is obtained, and the musical sound is generated according to the obtained sounding intensity information. Keyboard instrument according to claim 1. 7. The first input means for inputting first information from a user for specifying the degree of reflection of the key press intensity and the performance intensity with respect to the sound intensity, and First determining means for determining the degree of reflection to be specified from the first information input by the first input means, wherein the second specifying means sets the intensity level of the pronunciation intensity from a user. A second input unit for inputting second information for specifying; and a second determining unit for determining an intensity level to be specified from the second information input by the second input unit. The keyboard instrument according to claim 6, wherein 8. The key according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of keys are 5n (n is a natural number) keys each corresponding to one of fingers of a hand. A keyboard instrument according to claim 1. 9. A control means for reading and outputting music data from a storage means storing a plurality of keys, music data including performance data for specifying a musical tone and performance intensity information for specifying a performance intensity, and Informing means for sequentially informing the user of a finger to be pressed according to the music data output by the control means, and output by the control means when any one of the plurality of keys is pressed. Sounding means for sounding a musical tone specified by performance data in the music data at a performance intensity corresponding to the performance data, comprising: A first step of detecting key press intensity and outputting key press intensity information indicating the detected key press intensity; and a process specified by performance data in the music data output by the control means. When a musical tone is produced by the sound producing means, the musical tone is output by the control means from performance intensity information corresponding to the musical tone in the music data outputted by the control means and key pressing intensity information outputted in the first step. A second step of obtaining sound intensity information indicating the sound intensity of a musical tone specified by the performance data in the music data, and causing the musical sound to sound according to the obtained sound intensity information. Method.