JP2000214848A - Performance support device, performance support method, and recording medium with performance support program recorded therein - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable more natural practicing of playing by discriminating a playing operation corresponding to the playing, determining the playing time in response to progress of the performance, directing the playing operation in a plurality of kinds of manner in response to the time. SOLUTION: After an image of a music is indicated by pronouncing a musical sound as a copybook (model playing), key pressing positions when a player plays using a keyboard 200 is directed with a previous notice display LED and a key pressing display LED corresponding to the keys, and fingers and sound names are directed with voice from a headphone 400 (playing guide). The playing guide notices in advance the key depression positions (previous notice display) by lighting the previous notice display LED prior to key depression timings, and notices in advance a finger operation by directing the fingers with a voice according to the previous notice display. Thus, the player can visually decide the next pressed key to depress, and can decide fingering in auditory sense.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a performance support apparatus, a performance support method, and a recording medium storing a performance support program suitable for use in musical instrument performance practice.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various techniques for supporting the performance of keyboard instruments have been proposed. For example, an LED (Light Emitting Diode) provided in the vicinity of each key emits light to indicate a key pressing position, and an audio guide for a musical scale corresponding to a key to be pressed next is known. ing.

[0003]

However, in the case where the above-mentioned performance support is performed, the performer concentrates on pressing the designated key, so that the performer can perform the performance imagining the music itself. However, there was a problem that the performance technique was not easily improved. Also, since the performer simply operates the designated key without knowing the flow of the music, the performer cannot grasp music elements other than the key-depression position such as a rhythmic feeling and strength, which is unnatural. There was a problem that it became a performance. In addition, the performance operation to be instructed can be given only with limited content such as an operator to be operated or a finger to be operated, or content that can be expressed only with a limited sense such as sight or hearing. As a result, only inadequate instructions could be given. Therefore, it is difficult for a beginner to perform a natural performance with such an instruction.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and provides a performance support device, a performance support method, and a recording medium on which a performance support program capable of practicing performance more naturally. It is intended to provide.

[0005]

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for supporting a musical instrument for instructing a player to perform a performance, wherein the content of the performance is provided. Performance operation determining means for determining a performance operation corresponding to the performance based on the performance information shown; and time determination means for determining a performance time which is a time at which the determined performance operation is performed in correspondence with the progress of the performance. Instruction means for instructing the performance operation in a plurality of types corresponding to times determined by the time determination means. According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the performance support apparatus according to the first aspect, the instructing means simultaneously instructs in the plurality of types. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the performance support apparatus according to the first aspect, the instruction means issues an instruction corresponding to the performance operation prior to the performance time determined by the time determination means.
And a second instruction means for further performing an instruction corresponding to the performance operation at the performance time in a manner different from the instruction by the first instruction means. The invention according to claim 4 is a musical instrument performance support apparatus for instructing a performer to perform a performance operation, wherein a performance operation corresponding to the performance is determined based on performance information indicating the content of the performance. Movement determining means, time determining means for determining the performance time, which is the time at which the determined performance operation is performed, in accordance with the progress of the performance, and movement of the body to be operated corresponding to the time determined by the time determining means. It is characterized by comprising an instruction means for instructing any one of a part, a sound name to be pronounced, strength of performance, speed of performance, chord name, and lyrics corresponding to performance by voice. The invention according to claim 5 is
A musical instrument performance support device that instructs a player to perform a performance operation, based on performance information indicating the content of the performance,
Performance operation determining means for determining a performance operation corresponding to the performance; time determination means for determining a performance time that is a time at which the determined performance operation is performed in correspondence with the progress of the performance;
In response to the time determined by the time determination means, odor output means for outputting an instruction odor corresponding to the performance operation,
Instruction means for instructing the performance operation by one of taste output means for outputting a substance having an instruction taste corresponding to the performance operation. According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the performance support apparatus according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, a performance means for outputting a musical tone corresponding to the performance based on the performance information, and a time determined by the time determination means. Operation mode switching means for switching between a first operation mode and a second operation mode, wherein the first operation mode is an operation mode in which a musical tone corresponding to the performance is output by the performance means. Wherein the second operation mode is a mode in which an instruction is issued by the instruction means. An invention according to claim 7 is a musical instrument support method for instructing a player to perform a performance operation, wherein a performance operation corresponding to the performance is determined based on performance information indicating the content of the performance. An operation determining step;
A time discriminating step of discriminating a performance time, which is a time at which the discriminated performance operation is performed, in correspondence with the progress of the performance; and And an instructing step of instructing. An invention according to claim 8 is a recording medium storing a musical performance support program for instructing a performer to perform a performance operation, wherein a performance corresponding to the performance is performed based on performance information indicating the content of the performance. A performance operation determining step of determining an operation; a time determining step of determining a performance time, which is a time at which the determined performance operation is performed, in accordance with the progress of the performance; and a time corresponding to the time determined by the time determination means. And instructing the performance operation in a plurality of modes.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0007] 1. Configuration of Embodiment 1-1. Overall Configuration FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of the embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the present embodiment has a configuration in which a keyboard 200, a speaker 300, and a headphone 400 are connected to a performance support device 100. The performance support device 100 generates a sound based on the operation of the keyboard 200 and outputs the sound from the speaker 300.
This is to provide support for playing 0. More specifically, it will be described later in detail.

The keyboard 200 is a MIDI (Musical)
This is a keyboard that complies with the Instrument Digital Interface (MDI) standard, generates MIDI data corresponding to the operation of the key 201 based on the operation of the player, and outputs the MIDI data to the performance support apparatus 100. Also, the keyboard 200 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG.
An ED 203 is provided. The notice display LED 202 is an LED for lighting the predetermined time before the actual key press timing to notify the performer of a key 201 to be pressed next, and the key press instruction LED 203 is an actual key press instruction LED 203. By starting lighting at the key timing,
An LED for instructing the player on the key to be pressed at that timing. In FIG. 2,
Key 201, notice LED 202, and key press instruction LE
Only a part of D203 is displayed, and in actuality, 88 are provided corresponding to the pianos of natural musical instruments. In a keyboard instrument, a pitch to be generated corresponds to a key in a one-to-one correspondence. Therefore, in this embodiment, note names (C, D, E, F, G, A, B, etc.) corresponding to a pitch are used. ), A key 201, a notice LED 202, and a key press instruction LED.
Suppose 203 is specified as shown in FIG. In addition,
If identification is not required, key 201, notice LED
202 and a key press instruction LED 203. In the present embodiment, the speaker 300 is used to output a musical tone generated based on MIDI data, and the headphone 400 is used to output a sound for performance support.

1-2. Configuration of Performance Support Device 100 (1) External Configuration Next, the configuration of the performance support device 100 will be described. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an external configuration of the performance support device 100.
As shown in FIG. 3, the floppy disk drive (FD)
D) 110, display 120, and operator group 13
0. The FDD 110 is a device for reading data stored on a floppy disk. In this embodiment, the FDD 110 is used by inserting a floppy disk storing performance data. Display 120
Is for displaying various settings, for example, a 7-segment LED or LCD (Liquid Crystal Displa).
y) etc. Then, the operator group 130
Is for inputting various setting information and the like. For example, a start switch 131 for instructing start of performance support is provided.
And a stop switch 132 for instructing to stop the performance support.
And so on.

(2) Electrical Configuration Next, the electrical configuration of the performance support apparatus 100 will be described with reference to the block diagram shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the performance support apparatus 100 includes a CPU 101, a ROM 1
02, RAM 103, electronic sound source 104, sound source 10
5, LED control unit 106, MIDI interface (I / F) 107, FDD 110, display 12
0 and an operator group 130. C
The PU 101 controls each unit connected via a bus based on a program stored in the ROM 102. The ROM 102 stores a program for performing processing to be described later, and the like. RAM 103 is
It temporarily stores data, in which performance data is stored, and various flags and registers are set.
In the present embodiment, the performance support operation is performed based on performance data created according to the MIDI standard. Performance data is stored on a floppy disk, and is transferred to the RAM 103 prior to performance support.

The electronic sound source 104 generates a tone signal corresponding to the performance sound of the musical instrument, and the generated tone signal is output from the speaker 300 as a tone. The sound source 105 is for generating a sound signal corresponding to a human voice, and the generated sound signal is output from the headphones 400 as sound. The LED control unit 106 controls turning on and off of a notice display LED 202 and a key pressing instruction LED 203 provided on the keyboard 200.
Reference numeral 7 denotes an interface for MIDI data transmitted from the keyboard 200.

2. Operation of Embodiment Next, the operation of the embodiment having the above configuration will be described. 2-1. Overview Operation First, the overview operation of the present embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that performance support is provided on the assumption that a beginner practices by receiving a private lesson from a piano teacher. In general, in a personal lesson for beginners, instruction combining the following elements is provided in order to acquire a performance operation. (A) Key pressing position corresponding to musical score (b) Fingering to perform appropriate key pressing (fingering) (c) Temporal elements such as melody and rhythm feeling If a beginner practices, either However, conventional performance support devices cannot provide instructions by combining such elements, so that the performer can practice effectively. Did not.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, (a) the key depression position is indicated by a notice display LED 202 corresponding to the key 201.
And (B) fingering is instructed by uttering a finger number from the headphone 400, and (c) temporal elements are instructed by actually producing musical tones. And More specifically, first, after an image of a tune is shown by generating a model tone (exemplary performance), a key depression position when the player performs using the keyboard 200 is indicated by a key 201. Notice LED 202 corresponding to
In addition to instructing with the key pressing instruction LED 203, fingering and note names are instructed by voice (performance guide). For the performance guide, by turning on the notice display LED 202 prior to the key depression timing,
A key depression position is notified in advance (advance notice display), and fingering is also informed by giving a voice instruction to use the finger in accordance with the notice display. This allows the player to press the key 20 to be pressed next.
1 can be visually identified, and fingering can be identified by hearing. At the key press timing,
The key pressing instruction LED 203 is turned on to indicate the key pressing position and key pressing timing (key pressing instruction). The pitch corresponding to the key 201 to be pressed is also specified by instructing the pitch name by voice in accordance with the key pressing instruction. This allows the player to visually discriminate the key 201 to be actually pressed, and also to discriminate the note name by hearing.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the model performance is performed in advance, and then the practice can be performed by the performance guide combining a plurality of elements.
In order to practice more effectively, it is desirable that the practice be performed at predetermined intervals, for example, every several bars, rather than through the performance of one song. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the model performance and the performance guide are alternately performed at predetermined intervals. Also, depending on the level of progress of the player, it may be better to practice slowly even for a song with a fast tempo.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the player can arbitrarily set the tempo.

FIG. 5 shows an example of performance data stored in the RAM 103. The performance data includes data relating to the timing of pressing each key 201 (time data), data instructing a performance operation (event data), and data indicating a performance break (separation data). The event data is composed of a status indicating a performance operation and parameters following the status. In the present embodiment, the status is a note-on (note on) indicating a key press and a note off (note off) indicating a key release.
And key pressure indicating key press
And are used. The contents of the parameters differ depending on the status. When the status is note-on or note-off, data specifying the key 201 (note number) and data indicating the pressing strength (velocity) are the parameters. When the status is the key pressure, the data (note number) specifying the key 201 and the data indicating the pressure are parameters, but in the present embodiment,
The finger number is indicated using the data indicating the pressure. The finger numbers may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 in that order from the thumb, for example, or may be assigned other values.

The note number is a numerical value representing the pitch, and in the case of a piano, a numerical value from 0 to 127 is assigned in semitone steps with "60" being the central scale "do" (note name: C3). ing. Since the key to be pressed in the piano performance is uniquely determined from the pitch, the key 201 to be pressed can be specified by referring to the note number. RAM103
As shown in FIG. 5, each of the above-described data is stored starting from a predetermined address. Then, as shown in FIG. 5, when the data type is time, a delta time (Δt), which is a relative time between events, is stored following the data type.

In the present embodiment, Δt is represented by the number of clocks for performing the interrupt processing. Since the MIDI standard uses a MIDI timing clock with 24 clocks per quarter note,
Also in the present embodiment, the description will be made assuming that the interrupt processing is performed based on the MIDI timing clock. By the way, the absolute time of one quarter note is determined by the tempo. Therefore, the absolute time of one clock also changes according to the set tempo. For example, the number of interrupt clocks is set to the MIDI timing clock (2/4 note).
When 4 clocks are set and the tempo is set to 60 (60 quarter notes per minute = once per second), the time interval for each clock is 1/24 second. Therefore, if Δt = 4 as in the example shown in FIG. 5, it indicates that the time interval between events is 4 clocks. In this case,
The time interval between events will be 4 × (1/24) = 1/6 seconds. In this embodiment, the player can set the tempo arbitrarily. However, the reference tempo may be stored at the beginning of the performance data.

2-2. Detailed Operation FIG. 6 is a time chart of a specific operation based on the performance data shown in FIG. 5, and the details of the present embodiment will be described below in accordance with the flowcharts shown in FIGS. Operation will be described. In FIG. 6, times t0 to t10 show operations in the model performance, and times t20 to t30 show operations in the performance guide. In the present embodiment, the data sequence up to the break is sequentially executed in accordance with the passage of time, and the model performance and the performance guide are performed using the same data sequence. t30 is described using the same time axis. As for the values of the flags and the registers, the upper row shows the values during the model performance, and the lower row shows the values during the performance guide. FIG. 6 shows the operation in the case where the performance of the first measure of the tune of the 拍 time signature is defined as one section, and the times t2 to t5 and t
22 to t25 correspond to the performance of the quarter note of note name 3C;
5 to t8 and t25 to t28 correspond to the performance of the quarter note of note name 3E, and t8 to t10 and t28 to t30 correspond to the performance of the quarter note of note name 4E. Note that time t
0 to t2 and t20 to t22 are notice times set in advance for notifying a key to be operated at the beginning of the performance. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in the present embodiment, a notice time is inserted at the beginning of the performance and at the beginning of each section (see addresses 1 and 2 in FIG. 5) to secure time for the notice display. ing. Also, in FIG. 6, there is a case in which the sounding time of one quarter note is less than 24 clocks (note names 3C and 4E). This is because it corresponds to expressions such as slurs and staccato. In the embodiment, in the generation of a quarter note (24 clocks), a sounding time of 16 clocks is normal and 24 clocks are tie or slur.

(1) Main Routine First, a main routine of a process performed by the CPU 101 based on a program stored in the ROM 102 will be described with reference to FIG. When processing starts, the CPU
101 performs an initial setting process (S10). In the initial setting process, various registers and flags set in the RAM 103 are initialized.

Here, the registers and flags set in the RAM 103 will be described. The flag BF is a flag for determining whether or not to perform the performance instruction operation.
Start switch 131 in switch group 140 described above
Is turned on, "1" is set. And
“0” is set when the stop switch 132 is turned on or when MIDI data whose data type is “end” is read. The flag MF is
This flag is used to determine whether the mode is a mode for performing a model performance or a mode for performing a performance guide. As described above, in this embodiment, the model performance and the performance guide are alternately performed at predetermined intervals. Accordingly, as the performance progresses, "0" is set if the mode to be currently processed is the model performance, and if the mode is the performance guide, "0" is set.
1 "is set. More specifically, at the start of the process, since the model performance is performed first, M is set in the initial setting.
F = 0, and MF = 1 when data of the data type = “delimiter” is read. Thereafter, the performance data of the same section is read again, and MF = 0 when data of data type = “delimiter” is read.

Next, various registers will be described. The register has a register D for counting elapsed time.
1, D2 and D3, and registers AD1 and AD2 for storing addresses. The time until the next notice LED 202 is turned on is set in the register D1.
In the register D2, the time until the next key depression instruction LED 203 is turned on or off is set. The time until the next break is set in the register D3. The register AD1 includes a notice display LED 202
The address of the performance data to be read when the key is turned on is set, and the address of the performance data to be read when the key press instruction LED 203 is turned on or off is set in the register AD2.

When these values are all reset to predetermined values in the initialization process, the CPU 101 performs keyboard processing (S20). The keyboard process is a process of determining MIDI data transmitted from the keyboard 200 based on an operation of the key 201 to generate a musical tone. When the keyboard process is completed, the CPU 101 performs a performance support process next (S3).
0). As described in detail later, the performance support processing
This is a process of setting a register to perform a model performance or a performance guide based on the performance data stored in the AM 103. The sample performance or the performance guide is performed by an interrupt process described later.

When the performance support processing is completed, the CPU 101
Performs a panel process (S40). In the panel processing, the state of various switches in the operator group 130 is detected, and various registers and flags are set according to the state specified by the switches. The setting of the tempo using the operator group 130 is also performed in this process. When the panel processing is completed, the CPU 101
After performing other processing (S50), the processing shifts to step S20, and the keyboard processing is performed again (S20).
Such a circulation process of steps S20 to S50 is repeated until the power of the performance support device is cut off.

(2) Keyboard Processing Next, the keyboard processing (FIG. 7: S20) will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. When the keyboard processing is started, the CPU 101 determines whether or not any key 201 has been pressed (S21). If it is determined that any key 201 has been pressed (S21; YE).
S), the electronic tone generator 104 controls the electronic sound source 104 based on the MIDI data output from the keyboard 200 to generate a tone signal (S22). On the other hand, if it is determined in step S21 that none of the keys 201 has been pressed (S21; NO), the process returns to the main routine without performing sound generation processing.

(3) Performance Support Processing Next, the performance support processing (S30 in FIG. 7) will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. When the performance support processing is started, the CPU 101 determines whether or not the start switch 131 has been turned on (S31).
When it is determined that the switch is turned on (S31; YES), 1 is set to a flag BF indicating that the performance support is performed (S3).
2) Perform data set processing (S33). In the data setting process, first, an address for reading performance data for performing advance notice display is set to the register AD1, and an address for reading performance data for first performing a key press instruction is set to the register AD2. Also, the time until the first notice display is performed is set in the register D1, and the time until the first key press instruction is performed is set in the register D2. Then, the time until the first break is set in the register D3.

More specifically, the start switch 131
When it is detected that the state has changed from the off state to the on state, the performance data is loaded from the floppy disk into the RAM 103, and the various registers described above are set in accordance with the performance data. In the present embodiment, the advance notice LED 202 is turned on prior to the key pressing timing, and at the same time, the finger number of the key to be pressed is uttered from the headphones 400. The performance data instructing this processing is the above-described key pressure event, and the CPU 101 causes the notice display L to be turned on by the note number included in the key pressure event.
The ED 202 is specified, and a finger number for which a sound is to be generated can be specified based on the data indicating the finger.

In this embodiment, first, a model performance is performed.
Since the preview is not displayed in the model performance, the time until the first break and the time from the beginning of the performance data to the time when the first key pressure event is executed are accumulated and the time until the first preview is displayed. Set in register D1. Since the key press instruction is also given in the model performance, the time from the beginning of the performance data to the execution of the first note-on event is accumulated in the time until the first key press instruction is set in the register D2. Further, the time from the beginning of the performance data until the first delimiter data is read is accumulated and set in the register D3.

The performance data illustrated in FIG. 5 will be described as an example. The time from the beginning of the performance data until the first "separation" data (address 21) is read is 4 + 4.
+ 16 + 4 + 4 + 8 + 12 + 4 + 16 + 8 = 80 clocks. Since the time from the beginning of the performance data to the execution of the first key pressure event (address 2) is 4, the time until the first notice display is 80 + 4 = 84.
It becomes a clock. The time from the beginning of the performance data to the execution of the first note-on event (address 4) is 4 + 4 = 8. Therefore, in the data set processing, D1 = 84, D2 = 8, D3 = 80, AD1 =
2, AD2 = 4 are set (see FIG. 6: time t0). When the data set processing is completed, the CPU 1
01 determines whether or not the stop switch 132 has been turned on (S34). If it is determined that the stop switch 132 has been turned on (S34; YES), "0" is set to a flag BF indicating that performance support is performed. (S35), the process returns to the main routine.

If it is determined in step S31 that the start switch 131 has not been turned on (S31; NO), there is no need to change the value of the flag BF. It is determined whether 132 has been turned on. If it is determined in step S34 that the stop switch 132 has not been turned on (S34; NO), the process returns to the main routine because there is no need to change the value of the flag BF.

(4) Interrupt processing Next, referring to the flowchart shown in FIG.
The interrupt processing will be described. The CPU 101 starts an interrupt processing routine at each interrupt cycle (one clock). When the interrupt processing routine is started, the CPU 1
01 first determines whether or not the flag BF = 1 (S101). The flag BF is a flag that is set to "1" when the start switch 131 is turned on in the performance support processing of the main routine (S30 in FIG. 7) as described above. Therefore, when it is determined in step S101 that BF 判別 1, (S101; N
O) The process returns to the main routine without performing the subsequent processes (S102 to S400).

On the other hand, in the determination in step S101,
If it is determined that BF = 1 (S101; YE
S), the process proceeds to a process for performance support (S102-S
400). When the process proceeds to the performance support, the CP
U101 first decrements the values of the registers D1, D2, and D3 by 1 (S102). As described above, the time until the next notice display is started is set in the register D1, the time until the next key press instruction is started is set in the register D2, and the next time is set in the register D3. Is set to the time until the break. By decrementing the value of each register by 1 each time the interrupt processing routine is executed, the value of each register decreases by 1 every time one clock elapses, so that the value of each register becomes “0”. Then, the time set in the register has elapsed, that is, the timing corresponding to the time set in each register (D1: notice display processing, D2: key press instruction processing, D3: mode change) Can be determined.

When the values of the various registers are decremented by 1, the CPU 101 determines whether or not the flag MF indicating the mode is 1, that is, the mode (MF =
0) or a mode for performing a performance guide (MF = 1) (S103). If it is determined in step S103 that MF = 0 (S103; NO), it can be determined that the mode is for performing the model performance, and the process proceeds to the process of performing the model performance (S104, S200). In the sample performance, the key press instruction LED 20
3 is turned on, and a note name is uttered from the headphone 400. Therefore, it is first determined whether or not it is the key pressing timing by checking whether or not the register D2 = 0 indicating the time until the next key pressing instruction. (S104),
If it is determined that D2 = 0, the model performance processing (S2
00), and the process returns to the main routine.

On the other hand, in the determination in step S104,
When it is determined that D2 ≠ 0 (S104; NO), it can be determined that it is not the timing to perform the model performance process, and the process returns to the main routine. The details of the model performance process will be described later. By the way, step S1
In the determination of 03, when it is determined that MF = 1, that is, the performance guide mode (S103; YES),
Next, it is determined whether or not the register D1 = 0 (S1).
05), when it is determined that D1 = 0, that is, when it is the timing to start the notice display (S105; YES), the processing for the notice display is performed (S300). When the notice display processing (S300) ends, the CPU 101 next proceeds to D2
= 0, that is, whether or not it is the key pressing timing (S106). When it is determined that D2 ≠ 0, it is determined (S10).
6; NO), the process returns to the main routine without performing the key pressing instruction process.

On the other hand, in the determination in step S105,
If it is determined that D1 ≠ 0 (S105; NO), it can be determined that it is not the timing to perform the notice display, so the process proceeds to step S106, and it is determined whether or not D2 = 0 (S106). Here, when it is determined that D2 = 0 (S106; YES), it is possible to determine that it is the key pressing timing, so that a key pressing instruction process (S400) is performed.
Return to the main routine. Thus, the register D1
By performing the down-counting of the time set by D2 and D2 every clock, appropriate processing can be performed at a predetermined timing. Hereinafter, each subroutine (example performance processing (S200), notice display processing (S3
00) and the key press instruction process (S400) will be described in more detail.

Example Performance Process FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing the example performance process (FIG. 10: S200). When the sample performance process starts, the CP
U101 first reads performance data corresponding to the address set in the register AD2 from the RAM 103 (S201). Then, the status of the read performance data is determined (S202). If it is determined that the status is note-on (S202; note on), a key press instruction is started (S203), and a sound generation process is performed (S20).
4). Here, the key press instruction LED 203 specified by the note number in the performance data is turned on. Then, the electronic sound source 104 is caused to generate a musical sound signal with a pitch corresponding to the note number and an intensity corresponding to the velocity.

On the other hand, in the determination in step S202,
If the status is determined to be note-off (S2
02; note off), cancels the key press instruction (S205),
A silencing process is performed (S206). That is, the key press instruction LED 2 specified by the note number in the performance data
03 is turned off, and the generation of the tone signal of the pitch specified by the note number is stopped. Since note-on having the same note number is executed prior to the performance data having the note-off status, the key press instruction LED 203 to be turned off starts to be turned on in step S203, and the musical tone to stop sounding is In step S204, sound generation is started.

As described above, the key pressing instruction start (S203, S
204) or key press instruction stop (S205, S206)
Is completed, it is next determined whether or not the register D3 = 0 indicating the time until the delimiter is set (S3).
206). Here, if it is determined that D3 = 0 (S206; YES), it can be determined that the model play being performed has been performed up to the break, so the flag MF =
1 (performance guide mode) (S208). And
The time until the next break is set in the register D3 (S
209). In the present embodiment, since the performance guide is performed for the same section after the model performance up to the break is performed, the time until the next break is the same as the time set earlier. Then, the address for reading the next event data is set in AD2, the time until the next event data is executed is set in the register D2 (S210), and the process returns to the interrupt processing.

On the other hand, in the determination in step S207,
If it is determined that D3 ≠ 0 (S207; NO),
Since it can be determined that the sample performance has not yet been completed, the next performance data (= the next event data whose status is set to note-on or note-off) is stored in AD2 in order to continue the sample performance. The address to be read is set, the time until the execution of the next event data is set in the register D2 (S210), and the process returns to the interrupt processing.

Notice Display Processing FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a subroutine of notice display processing. When the notice display process starts, the CPU 10
First, the performance data corresponding to the address set in the register AD1 is read from the RAM 103 (S3).
01). Then, the notice display LED 202 specified by the note number in the read performance data is turned on (S302), and the finger number is uttered based on the data specifying the finger included in the performance data (S303).
The utterance of the finger number is performed by the sound source 105. The sound source 105 stores sound data corresponding to the finger identification data in advance, and synthesizes a sound signal to output the synthesized sound signal to the headphones 400.

Then, the address at which the performance data to be displayed next (= the next event data whose status is the key pressure) is stored in the register AD1, and the next advance display is displayed in the register D1. Is set (S304), and the process returns to the interrupt processing. More specifically, using the examples of FIGS. 5 and 6, if the notice display processing based on the first key pressure event (address 2) is being performed, the next key pressure event is stored at address 8. You can see that it is. The time from the key pressure event at address 2 to the key pressure event at address 8 is 4
+ 16 + 4 = 24 clocks (addresses 3, 5, and 7)
Therefore, as shown at t21 in FIG. 6, the register D1 for setting the time until the next notice display is performed becomes 24.

Next, FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a subroutine of the key pressing instruction process. When the key press instruction process is started, first, the performance data corresponding to the address indicated by the register AD2 is read from the RAM 103 (S401), and the already lit notice display LED 202 is specified based on the performance data and turned off (S402). . Then, the status of the read performance data is determined (S403). Here, when it is determined that the status of the read performance data is note-on (S403; note on), the key press instruction L specified based on the note number in the performance data.
The ED 203 is turned on (S404). Then, a process of producing a note name based on the note number is performed (S40).
5). The utterance of the pitch name is performed in the audio source 105,
The sound source 105 generates a sound signal indicating a note name based on sound data stored in advance corresponding to each note number.

On the other hand, in the determination in step S403,
When it is determined that the status of the read performance data is note-off (S403; note off), the key press instruction LE specified based on the note number in the performance data.
D203 is turned off (S406). When the notice display LED 202 corresponding to the note number is turned on, for example, when a slur to be described later is instructed, the notice display LED 202 is also turned off (S407). As described in the sample performance process, note-off events are always paired with note-on events,
Key press instruction LED 20 turned off in step S406
No. 3 is turned on in step S404. Further, the reason why the notice display LED 202 is erased in step S407 is that the notice display LED 202 may be turned on even while the key press instruction LED 203 is turned on (during key press instruction).

For example, when the performance data shown in FIG. 5 is represented by a musical score, the musical score becomes as shown in FIG. When performing based on such a musical score, the first note (note name 3C) is depressed with the thumb (finger number 1), and then the second note (note name 3E) is middle finger (finger number 3). Press with. Thereafter, since the notes of the second note (note 3E) and the note of the third note (note 4E) are marked with a slur, the finger pressed corresponding to the second note (note 3E) Key 3E20
Immediately after being released from 1, the key 4E201 corresponding to the third note (note name 4E) must be pressed. But 3
The second note (note name 4E) is the second note (note name 3E)
And one octave apart, the key 3E201 remains depressed with the middle finger (finger number 3).
It does not reach 14E. Therefore, in such a case, the key 3E201 is pressed with the thumb (finger number 1) while the key 3E201 is pressed with the middle finger (finger number 3). Then, while the key 3E201 is being pressed with the thumb (finger number 1), the key 4E201 is pressed with the little finger (finger number 5).

In order to instruct such fingering, in the present embodiment, the key change is performed by turning on the notice display LED 202 and uttering the finger number corresponding to the same key 201 while the key pressing instruction LED 203 is turned on. Is to direct. In the example of the performance data shown in FIG. 5, a key pressure event (address 14) is executed before a note-off event (address 16) paired with the note-on event (address 10), and the key pressure event is changed. Instruct.

As described above, the key pressing instruction start process (S40)
4, S405) or key press instruction end processing (S40)
6, after completing S407), the CPU 101 sets D3 =
It is determined whether or not the value is 0, that is, whether or not the process has reached a break (S408). Here, if it is determined that D3 = 0 (S408; YES), it can be determined that the processing has been performed up to the break, so that the flag indicating the mode is changed to MF = 0 (sample performance mode) (S409), and the register D3 is set.
Is set to the time until the next break (S410). Here, since the model performance and the performance guide have already been completed, the time until the next break is calculated and set.
In the example shown in FIG. 5, the address “a” is the next “separation” data, and the time from addresses 22 to a is obtained. Then, the time until the start of the next key press instruction is set in D2 (S411), and the process returns to the interrupt processing. Here, we will end the performance guide and shift to the model performance,
Set the address of the note-on event to be executed after the "separation" data.

On the other hand, in the determination in step S408,
If it is determined that D3 ≠ 0 (S208; NO),
Since it can be determined that the performance guide has not been finished yet,
In order to continue the performance guide, the address for reading the next note-on or note-off event is set in AD2, the time until the start of the next key press instruction is set in register D2 (S411), and the process returns to the interrupt processing. . In this case, the address of event data having a status of note-on or note-off executed next to the performance data read in step S401 is set.

2-3. Specific Operation The present embodiment specifically operates as follows by circulating the above-described processing (see FIGS. 5 and 6). When the processing based on the performance data shown in FIG. 5 is started at time t0, various flags and registers are set as shown at t0. That is, since processing has not yet been performed up to the break, the flag MF =
0 (example playing mode), and as described above, D
1 = 84, D2 = 8, D3 = 80, AD1 = 2, AD2
= 2. At time t2 eight clocks later, D
Since it is determined that 2 = 0 (FIG. 10: S104), the note-on event at address 4 is read, and the tone of the pitch (3C) corresponding to the note number 60 is output from the speaker 40.
0 and a key press instruction LED 3C203
Lights up. At that time, the time = 16 until the next note-off event is executed is set in the register D2, and the address = 6 for reading out the note-off event is set in the register A.
Set to D2.

The key-pressing instruction LED 3C203, which has been turned on at time 2, is turned off in the sample performance process executed 16 clocks later, and the tone generation stops at the same time. By performing the model performance processing in this manner, a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the note number 64 is generated from time t5 to time t8, and the key press instruction LED 3E20 is generated.
3 lights up. Then, from time t8 to time t9, a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the note number 72 is generated, and the key press instruction LED 4E203 is turned on. At time t10, since 80 clocks have elapsed since the time t0 when the process started, it is time to read the first delimiter data (address 21). Accordingly, D3 = 0 is determined in step S207 of the model performance process, the flag MF = 1 indicating the mode is set, and the mode shifts to the performance guide mode.

Time t2 at which the performance guide mode starts
At 0, the various registers store D as shown in FIG.
1 = 4, D2 = 8, D3 = 80, AD1 = 2, AD2 =
It is 4. At time t21 after the elapse of four clocks,
Since it is determined that D1 = 0 in the interrupt processing, the processing shifts to the notice display processing. Here, the notice display LED 3C corresponding to the note number = 60 during the key pressure event of the address = 2 designated by the register AD1
The lighting of 202 is started, and the sound corresponding to the finger identification data = 1 is uttered from the headphones 400. At this time, the address = 8 at which the key pressure event for performing the next notice display is stored is stored in the register AD1, and the time = 24 from the currently executed address = 2 to the next address = 8 is calculated. It is set in the register D1.

At time t22, eight clocks after the start of the processing, D2 = 0 in the interrupt processing.
Is determined, the process proceeds to the key pressing instruction process. here,
The illuminated notice display LED 3C202 is turned off, and the key press indication LED 3C203 corresponding to the note number = 60 during the note-on event at the address = 4 specified by the register AD2 starts to be lit, and the note name 3C
Is output from the headphone 400.
The voice uttered here may be, for example, “C”, “E”, or “3C”, “3E”. At this time, the address = 6 where the note-off event to be executed next is stored is stored in the register AD2, and the time = 16 from the currently executed address = 4 to the next address = 6 is set in the register D2. Is done. Then, at time t23 after 16 clocks elapse from time t22, the key press instruction LED is turned on in
3C203 goes out.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the state of the performance guide at time t21 and time t22. In this way, the key 201 to be pressed and the finger are instructed in advance by the notice display LED 202, and the key pressing timing is instructed by the key pressing instruction LED 203, so that the player can naturally move his finger. Further, since the pitch name is also uttered, the position of the key 201 can be determined not only visually but also audibly. Since the pitch name is not affected by the change in the key, it is less likely to cause confusion for the player than to utter the pitch.

Incidentally, an advance notice LED 3E2 for guiding the second note (note 3E) of the musical score shown in FIG.
02 is turned on at time t24 and turned off at time t25, but turned on again at time t26. This indicates a case where the finger is changed as described in step S407 of the key pressing instruction process. Specifically, at time t2
At 4, the address = 12 of the next key pressure event to be executed is set in the register AD1, and the time from address = 8 to address = 12 = 4 + 8 = 12 is set in the register D1 as the time until the next notice display is performed. Therefore, at time t26, which is 12 clocks after time t24, the notice LED 3E202 lights up.
Since the key press instruction LED 3E203 is lit from time t25, at time t26, as shown in FIG. 15, the notice display LED 3E 202 and the key press instruction LED 3
It means that E203 is lit at the same time. Thereby, the player is instructed to perform the finger change. In addition,
The notice display LED 3E202 is turned off in step S407 of the key press instruction process executed at time t28.

At time t27, the notice display LED 4E202 starts to be lit even though the notice LED 3E202 and the key press instruction LED 3E203 corresponding to the second note (note 3E) are lit, and At t28, an advance notice LED3E202, a key press instruction LED3E203, and an advance notice LED4E202
Is turned off, and the key press instruction LED 4E203 is turned on. FIG.
FIG. 6 shows the state of the performance guide at time t27 and time t28. With such a display, the performer depresses the third note (note name 4E) simultaneously with the key release corresponding to the second note (note name 3E).
You will be instructed by a slur that connects the sound smoothly.

3. Modifications The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications as described below are possible.

In the above-described embodiment, the description is given assuming that the performance guide is performed after the model performance has been performed up to a predetermined break. However, the present invention is not limited to this. May be selectable by the user. Alternatively, the same section may be repeatedly practiced many times, or fast forward or rewind may be instructed. In such a case, a menu for selecting a mode may be displayed on the display 120 so that various flags and register values can be changed based on the operation of the operator group 130. In the above embodiment, the predetermined break is included in the performance data in advance. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the measure may be determined based on MIDI data and time data, and the measure may be performed in measures, for example. Good. Further, in the above embodiment, the player cannot set the break, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the player may be able to specify the break.

In the above embodiment, a floppy disk is described as an example of a medium storing performance data. However, any medium may be used, such as a memory card, a CD-ROM, an MO, an MD, or the like. . Alternatively, the performance data may be input using a communication line. Further, the present invention is not limited to the performance data created in advance, and may use MIDI data input by a player playing the keyboard 200. In this case, it is assumed that the performance support apparatus 100 includes a sequencer program that records MIDI data input in real time as performance data.

In the above embodiment, the information indicating fingering is set to MI.
Although the key pressure is included in the DI data, MIDI data of another status may be used. Alternatively, fingering may be predicted from each note number of the note-on event. It is not always necessary to use performance data based on the MIDI standard, and any standard may be used as long as performance information can be handled by digital signals. In the above embodiment, the data for performing the advance notice is inserted into the performance data. However, only the note-on / off event data and the time data are used, and the advance notice is displayed a predetermined time before this timing from these data. May be performed. Also,
In the above embodiment, the performance data in which the notice time is inserted at the beginning of each break is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a predetermined time may be added to the values of the registers D1, D2, and D3 for each break. .

In the above-described embodiment, the performance information instruction content shows the note name and finger number, key depression position, and key depression timing. However, the present invention is not limited to these, and other information may be indicated. . For example, lyrics, a capella, chords, tempo, auxiliary symbols, etc. may be used. Such instruction information may be determined from MIDI data, or may be included in a performance data string in advance. For example, in the performance data illustrated in FIG. 5 exemplified in the above-described embodiment, each note-on event includes a velocity, and crescendo / decrescendo can be determined based on transition of the velocity. In the above example, since the velocity value gradually increases, it can be determined that the crescendo is present.
Such processing can be performed by pre-reading the MIDI data in advance. In the above-described embodiment, the key operation is described as an example of the performance operation to be instructed. However, any operation of an operator of a musical instrument, such as a pedal, may be used. In this case, the numbers may be assigned to the left and right feet, and the instructions may be given by uttering the numbers of the feet.

In the above-described embodiment, the display support LED 202 and the key press instruction LED 203 that appeal to the sight, the speaker 300 and the headphone 400 that appeal to the hearing are used for performing the performance support in a plurality of types. The present invention is not limited to this, and a mode that appeals to other senses such as taste, smell, and touch may be used. For example, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, a glove 500 provided with a vibrating body 501 that can be controlled independently for each finger is attached to the player's hand, and the vibrating body 501 corresponding to the finger number is vibrated instead of uttering the finger number. You may make it do. Alternatively, other than the vibrating body 501, a stimulus may be given by other means. For example, an electric pulse may be given directly to tendons or muscles of the limbs. Further, if information other than fingering is given as performance information, for example, a stimulus that forcibly raises the heart rate in response to the climax of the tune may be provided by a magnetic vibration pad or the like.

When the taste is used, a pipe may be added to the mouth, and liquids having different tastes may be supplied in accordance with the specified performance operation. For example, the stimulation may be such that the loud pedal is depressed for a sweet liquid, and the pedal is released for a spicy liquid. In the case of using the sense of smell, different scents are given from a pipe provided near the nose, for example, according to the finger number, such as "scent of roses", "scent of cyclamen", etc. May be ejected. The stimulus for such various sensations is
Combinations can be made as appropriate according to the information given to the player, and how to combine them may be instructed by the performance data or may be arbitrarily selected by the player. Further, in this case, different information (for example, note name and fingering) may be given to the player by a plurality of stimuli, or the same information (for example, only note name) may be given.

In the above embodiment, the finger numbers are assigned numbers from 1 to 5, but when performing with both hands, the numbers are distinguished from the left and right hands. It may be. Also, the name of the finger may be uttered, for example, "Oyaubi" may be pronounced, or if the nomination is long, only the initials such as "O", "H" may be uttered.

In the above embodiment, various settings are input from the operator group 130, but may be transmitted via a network or a communication line.
For example, when the instructor is in a remote place, an optimal setting may be transmitted so that the player can practice appropriately. In the above-described embodiment, the key pressure event is inserted into the performance data in accordance with the timing of performing the notice display. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the key pressure event may be performed a predetermined clock before the key press display.

The display for displaying the key press instruction and the advance notice display is not limited to the LED as in the above embodiment, but may be any display as long as the display mode can be changed. Other light-emitting bodies may be used, or a display device such as an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) may be used. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the display mode may be changed when the LED is turned on and off, for example, the mode in which the LED color is changed from red to green, or the mode may be changed from lighting to blinking. Mode may be adopted. Such a display device may be configured so that it can be appropriately installed on the key 201, or may be configured to be built in the keyboard in advance.

Further, a next key pressing direction instruction display may be performed, and a notice display LED 202 corresponding to the key 201 located between the key 201 pressed immediately before and the key 201 to be pressed next is sequentially turned on. May be. At that time, the notice display of one key 201 may be canceled before the next notice display is started, or the lit notice display LED 202 may be turned on.
The key-on instruction LED 203 to be lit next may be kept lit until the lighting is started. The timing of turning on the lights sequentially can be set arbitrarily as long as the player can grasp the direction of the key 201 to be pressed next and the distance between the keys 201. For example, if the time interval is made shorter as the key 201 to be pressed next is approached, the player can understand that effect.

In the above embodiment, the control program executed by the CPU 101 is stored in the ROM 102. However, the present invention is not limited to this.
CD-ROM, floppy disk, magneto-optical disk,
Alternatively, data recorded on a portable recording medium such as a magnetic disk may be transferred to a storage device such as a hard disk. This is convenient when adding (installing) or updating (upgrading) control information or a control program.

[0066]

As described above, according to the present invention,
It becomes possible to practice playing more naturally.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a keyboard.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an external configuration of a performance support device.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an electrical configuration of the performance support device.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of performance data.

FIG. 6 is a time chart showing a specific operation of the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an operation (main routine) of the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an operation (keyboard processing) of the embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an operation (performance support processing) of the embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an operation (interrupt processing) according to the embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an operation (a model performance process) of the embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating an operation (notification display processing) of the embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating an operation (key pressing instruction processing) of the embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a specific operation of the embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a specific operation of the embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a specific operation of the embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a configuration of a modification.

[Explanation of symbols]

100 ... performance support device, 101 ... CPU, 102 ...
... ROM, 103 ... RAM, 104 ... electronic sound source, 1
05 ... sound source, 106 ... LED control unit, 107 ...
... MIDI interface, 110 ... FDD, 12
0 ... display, 130 ... operator group, 131 ...
Start switch, 132 Stop switch, 20
0 ... keyboard, 201 ... key, 202 ... notice display LED, 203 ... key press instruction LED, 300 ... speaker, 400 ... headphone.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Taro Kawabata 10-1 Nakazawa-cho, Hamamatsu-shi, Shizuoka F-term in Yamaha Corporation (Reference) 5D082 AA04 AA05 AA06 AA07 AA09 AA13 AA14 AA24 AA27 5D378 MM21 MM51 NN03 NN05 NN05 NN06 NN08 NN23 NN26 NN28 TT03 TT22 TT26 TT35

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A musical performance support device for instructing a player to perform a performance operation, wherein the performance operation determining means determines a performance operation corresponding to the performance based on performance information indicating the content of the performance. Time discriminating means for discriminating a performance time, which is a time at which the discriminated performance operation is performed, in accordance with the progress of the performance; And an instruction means for instructing in a manner. 2. The performance support apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said instruction means gives instructions simultaneously in said plurality of types. 3. The performance support device according to claim 1, wherein the instruction means performs an instruction corresponding to the performance operation prior to the performance time determined by the time determination means, A performance support device, further comprising: second instruction means for further performing an instruction corresponding to the performance operation at the performance time in a manner different from the instruction by the first instruction means. 4. A performance support device for a musical instrument for instructing a player to perform a performance operation, wherein the performance operation determining means determines a performance operation corresponding to the performance based on performance information indicating the content of the performance. Time discriminating means for discriminating a playing time, which is a time at which the discriminating performance operation is performed, in accordance with the progress of the performance; A performance support device comprising: an instruction unit for instructing any of a note name to be played, performance strength, performance speed, chord name, and lyrics corresponding to the performance by voice. 5. A performance assisting device for a musical instrument for instructing a player to perform a performance operation, wherein the performance operation determining means determines a performance operation corresponding to the performance based on performance information indicating the content of the performance. Time discriminating means for discriminating a performance time, which is a time at which the discriminated performance operation is performed, in accordance with the progress of the performance; and an instruction corresponding to the performance operation corresponding to the time discriminated by the time discrimination means. Odor output means for outputting odor,
A performance support device comprising: a taste output unit that outputs a substance having an instruction taste corresponding to the performance operation; 6. The performance support apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a performance means for outputting a tone corresponding to the performance based on the performance information, and a time corresponding to the time determined by the time determination means. An operation mode switching means for switching between a first operation mode and a second operation mode, wherein the first operation mode is an operation mode in which a musical tone corresponding to the performance is output by the performance means; The performance support apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the second operation mode is a mode in which an instruction is given by the instruction means. 7. A performance support method for a musical instrument for instructing a performer to perform a performance operation, wherein a performance operation determination step of determining a performance operation corresponding to the performance based on performance information indicating the content of the performance. A time discrimination step of discriminating a performance time, which is a time at which the determined performance operation is performed, in accordance with the progress of the performance; and, in response to the time determined by the time determination means, a plurality of types of the performance operation. An instruction step of instructing in a manner. 8. A recording medium storing a performance support program of an instrument for instructing a player to perform a performance operation, wherein a performance operation corresponding to the performance is determined based on performance information indicating the content of the performance. A performance operation determining step of performing the determined performance operation; a time determination step of determining a performance time, which is a time at which the determined performance operation is performed, in accordance with the progress of the performance; An instruction stage for instructing the operation in a plurality of types of modes.