JP2002346804A - Lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable processing of various work form with a lathe by giving a function to hold a work into various postures to the main shaft of a lathe, and attaining multi-functionalization of the lathe. SOLUTION: A tilt axis (A) slewing mechanism and a turn axis (B) slewing mechanism of work clamp 6 are provided at a tip part of the main shaft 5. While each of the tilt axis (A) slewing mechanism and the turn axis (B) slewing mechanism are made in a non-operational state, the work W is held by the work-clump 6, and by carrying out high-speed rotation with NC control axis for a principal-axis drive, an usual lathe processing can be performed. Also, by activating at least one of the tilt axis (A) slewing mechanism and the turn axis (B) slewing mechanism, the work is tilt-turned only a predetermined angle to the main shaft 5, and a processing to the work W from a desired angle is enabled.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for realizing a lathe with multiple functions.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to obtain a desired part shape by machining, a holding table for holding a workpiece in various postures (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-42406, etc.) and a clamp having a tilt-turn mechanism ( Japan Institute of Invention and Innovation Technical Report 2000-5195
To 5196 etc.) have been developed.
An NC machine such as an end mill for freely controlling the position and posture of a rotary tool itself is well known.

[0003]

However, in a conventional machine tool, a mechanism capable of controlling the attitude around a plurality of axes has a control motor disposed for each axis and independently controls each motor. Things to do were common. Therefore,
It is unavoidable to complicate both the mechanical structure and the control contents, and it has been difficult to promote cost reduction of the apparatus.

[0004] For example, for example, the above-mentioned Invention Association's published technical bulletin 20
As shown in FIG. 11, the clamp 1 disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 00-5194 to 5196 has a tilt shaft 3 disposed inside a rotary cylinder 2 that is driven to rotate about a rotation axis C. 4 is supported. Therefore, when the tilt shaft 3 is rotated, a part of the work clamp 4 is hidden inside the rotary cylinder 2, and chips are easily accumulated in the rotary cylinder 2.
In addition, there is a problem that workability of attaching and detaching the work in a tilted state is deteriorated.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a lathe main shaft having a function of holding a work in various postures, thereby realizing a multifunctional lathe. An object of the present invention is to enable machining of various workpiece shapes by using a lathe.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a lathe for solving the above-mentioned problems.
A tilt axis turning mechanism for a work clamp driven by an NC control shaft for driving the main shaft is provided.

According to the present invention, when the tilt shaft turning mechanism is in a non-operating state, the work gripped by the work clamp is rotated at a high speed by the NC control shaft for driving the main shaft, so that a normal lathe is used. Processing can be performed. Further, when the tilt axis turning mechanism is operated, the posture of the work is tilted by a predetermined angle with respect to the main shaft, so that the work can be processed from a desired angle.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a lathe having a turn shaft turning mechanism for a work clamp, which is driven by an NC control shaft for driving a spindle, at a tip of the spindle. It is characterized by having been provided.

According to the present invention, when the turn shaft turning mechanism is in a non-operating state, the work gripped by the work clamp is rotated at a high speed by the NC control shaft for driving the main spindle, so that a normal lathe is used. Processing can be performed. Further, when the turn shaft turning mechanism is operated, the posture of the work can be turned by a predetermined angle with respect to the main shaft, and the work can be processed from a desired angle.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a lathe having a tilt axis turning mechanism for a work clamp, which is driven by an NC control shaft for driving a spindle, at a tip end of the spindle. A turn shaft turning mechanism is provided.

According to the present invention, when both the tilt axis turning mechanism and the turn axis turning mechanism are in the non-operation state, the work gripped by the work clamp can be moved at high speed by the NC control axis for driving the spindle. By turning, normal lathe processing can be performed. Further, when at least one of the tilt axis turning mechanism and the turn axis turning mechanism is operated, the posture of the work is tilted / turned by a predetermined angle with respect to the main shaft, and machining from a desired angle to the work is performed. It can be performed.

A lathe according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the lathe according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the NC base is rotated by a clamp base coupled to the NC control shaft. And a clamp body that intersects at a predetermined angle θ with respect to the tilt axis and a clamp body that has the tilt axis as a rotation center are rotatably supported, and the clamp claw intersects the tilt axis at a predetermined angle θ with the clamp body. The rotatable shaft is rotatably supported, and the base end of the inclined shaft and the inner shaft of the NC control shaft capable of selectively changing the phase with respect to the NC control shaft are drive-coupled via bevel gears, The tip of the inclined shaft and the rotating shaft of the clamp claw are drivingly connected via a bevel gear, and when there is no phase difference between the NC control shaft and the inner shaft, the NC control shaft and the clamp claw Align with the rotation axis of Things.

According to this configuration, since the base end of the inclined shaft and the inner shaft are drivingly connected via the bevel gear, the phase of the inner shaft with respect to the NC control shaft is changed. A relative rotation occurs between the tilt axis and the clamp base coupled to the NC control axis. Further, since the tip of the inclined shaft and the rotating shaft of the work clamp are drivingly connected via a bevel gear, the rotation of the inclined shaft generated between the clamp base and the work clamp is prevented by the work clamp. Is transmitted to the rotating shaft.

And a rotation axis of the work clamp;
When the relative rotation with respect to the clamp main body is prevented, the clamp main body can be turned with respect to the clamp base by the rotation of the tilt axis. As described above, since the tilt axis intersects the NC control axis at a predetermined angle θ, the turning of the clamp body with respect to the clamp base is a tilt turning.

On the other hand, when the relative rotation between the clamp base and the clamp body is prevented, the rotation of the tilt axis allows the clamp claw to pivot with respect to the clamp body. Such turning results in a turn of the clamp pawl.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the lathe according to the fourth aspect, the rotation angle of the clamp body about the tilt axis with respect to the clamp base is selectively fixed. And a tilt angle fixing means.

According to the present invention, the tilt angle fixing means prevents the relative rotation between the clamp base and the clamp body. And. By the rotation of the tilt axis,
The clamp pawl can be turned around the clamp body.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the lathe according to the fifth aspect, when the tilt angle fixing means is θ = π / 4, the rotation of the NC control shaft and the clamp claw is performed. A rotation angle α of the clamp body with respect to the clamp base from a state where the shaft is linearly aligned.
However, at a position where α = cos− ¹ (2cosφ−1), the rotation angle of the clamp body can be fixed.

According to this configuration, the tilt angle fixing means sets the rotation angle of the clamp body with respect to the clamp base about the tilt axis at the position where α = cos- ¹ (2 cosφ-1). Is fixed, the tilt angle φ of the work gripped by the clamp claws can be obtained.

According to a lathe according to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the lathe according to any one of the fourth to sixth aspects, the rotation angle of the rotation axis of the clamp claw with respect to the clamp body can be selectively changed. It is provided with turn angle fixing means for fixing.

According to the present invention, the relative rotation between the rotation axis of the clamp claw and the clamp body is prevented by the turn angle fixing means. Then, the rotation of the tilt axis allows the clamp body to be tilted and rotated with respect to the clamp base.

The lathe according to claim 8 of the present invention is the lathe according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the clamp body is provided with a plurality of clamps around the inclined axis. It is.

According to the present invention, a plurality of workpieces are simultaneously held by each of the plurality of clamps, and the clamp body is tilted and rotated with respect to the clamp base, so that each of the workpieces held by each of the clamps is desired. And processing from a desired angle can be performed.

A lathe according to a ninth aspect of the present invention is the lathe according to any one of the fourth to eighth aspects, wherein the workpiece clamp is a different type of workpiece whose diameter of a portion to be clamped is within a predetermined range. Are provided with four clamp claws for gripping at four points of the outer diameter. According to this configuration, it is possible to reliably grip and work on another type of work in which the diameter of the portion to be clamped is within a certain range.

A lathe according to a tenth aspect of the present invention comprises:
In the lathe according to the ninth aspect, the other kind of workpiece whose diameter of the portion to be clamped is within a predetermined range is one of three main components for constituting a VVT. According to the present invention, machining can be performed by securely holding three main components for constituting a VVT (variable valve timing mechanism of an engine) with the four clamp claws.

The lathe according to the eleventh aspect of the present invention,
The lathe according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
A turret; and a feed mechanism of the spindle for the turret.

According to the present invention, the work held by the work clamp at the tip of the spindle is supported at a desired angle,
And select the required tool from multiple tools on the turret,
The work required for the work is performed by feeding the work to a predetermined position by the feed mechanism of the spindle.

[0028]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention. The lathe includes a tilt axis turning mechanism for turning the work clamp 6 provided at the tip end of the main shaft 5 around the tilt axis A, and a turn axis turning mechanism for turning the work clamp 6 around the turn axis B. ing. The tilt axis turning mechanism and the turn axis turning mechanism are driven by an NC control axis for driving the main shaft 5 as described later.

The lathe also includes a turret 8 for selecting a required tool from a plurality of types of tools 7 and a spindle 5 for moving the workpiece W to a predetermined position by moving the main shaft 5 away from the turret 8. And a feed mechanism 9 for the main shaft 5. In FIG. 1, a portion indicated by reference numeral 10 is a spindle driving motor, and a portion indicated by reference numeral 11 is a feed mechanism driving motor. Further, the arrow C indicates the central axis of the main shaft 5.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the work clamp 6 provided at the tip of the main shaft 5. Work clamp 6
Is composed of a clamp base 13 and a clamp body 14, and the four clamp claws 12 are rotatably supported by the clamp body 14. Then, the center axis of the work W is aligned with the turn axis B of the clamp claw 12, and the clamped portion of the work W can be gripped. In addition, the four clamp claws 12 are for gripping different types of workpieces whose outside diameter is within a certain range at four points of the outer diameter.
It is possible to reliably grip and work on another type of work having a clamped portion having a diameter within a certain range.

The clamp base 13 is rotatably supported at the tip of the main shaft 5 coaxially with the center axis C and rotatably. The clamp body 14 is rotatably supported by the clamp base 13 about a tilt axis D that intersects the center axis of the main shaft 5 at a predetermined angle θ. In the embodiment of the present invention, the intersection angle θ is set to θ = π / 4 (45 °). The dividing line 15 between the clamp base 13 and the clamp body 14 is, as shown in FIG.
And at an angle of θ = π / 4.

FIG. 2 shows the main shaft 5, the clamp base 13, and the clamp body when the tilt shaft turning mechanism is not operated.
14 relationships are shown. In this state, the rotation axis (turn axis B) of the clamp claw 12 of the work clamp 6 and the spindle 5
Are aligned in a straight line with the center axis C. Further, since the work clamp 6 has a symmetrical shape about the center axis C of the main shaft 5, it is possible to rotate the main shaft 5 at high speed similarly to the main shaft of a conventional lathe. Therefore, it is possible to perform a turning operation on the work W by selecting an ordinary turning tool from the plurality of types of tools 7 of the turret 8.

On the other hand, when the tilt axis turning mechanism is operated,
The clamp claw 12 of the clamp body 14 rotates with respect to the clamp base 13 about a tilt axis D (different from the tilt axis A) as a center of rotation. FIG. 3 shows a state in which the clamp body 14 is tilted to the maximum with respect to the clamp base 13. The rotation axis (turn axis B) of the clamp claw 12 of the work clamp 6 is aligned with the center axis C of the main shaft 5. The state is orthogonal.

Further, as shown in FIG.
The tilt angle of the clamp body 14 with respect to
It is also possible to stop with. Then, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, in a state where the clamp body 14 is tilted with respect to the clamp base 13, from among the plurality of types of tools 7 of the turret 8, a tool used by rotating, such as an end mill, is used. It is possible to select and process the work W from a desired angle.

Further, the turn shaft turning mechanism is used alone
Or, when operated together with the tilt shaft turning mechanism, the main shaft 5
In addition to the high-speed rotation related to the central axis C, the workpiece W can be turned around a turn axis B by a predetermined angle, and the workpiece can be machined from a desired angle. Of course, such turning can be performed when the tilt angle φ of the clamp body 14 with respect to the clamp base 13 is at an arbitrary angle between 0 ≦ φ ≦ π / 2.

FIG. 5A shows that the tilt angle φ of the clamp body 14 with respect to the clamp base 13 is the maximum φ = π / 2,
Further, by turning around the turn axis B, the side of the work W ₂ (rotor described later)
It shows a case where a plurality of perforations are performed. FIG.
(B), the tilt angle φ of the clamp body 14 with respect to the clamp base 13 is set to an arbitrary intermediate angle, and the work W
₁ shows a case in which a plurality of inclined holes are machined in front of a sprocket (described later). FIG.
The axis indicated by the symbol E in (a) and (b) is the rotation axis of the shaft head that rotationally drives the tool 7 of the turret 8.

Here, a tilt axis turning mechanism for turning the clamp body 14 of the work clamp 6 provided at the tip of the main shaft 5 around the tilt axis A, and a turn for turning around the turn axis B are provided. The specific structure of the shaft turning mechanism will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 schematically shows a cross section of the main shaft 5 of the lathe according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing in detail a structure of a work clamp 6 provided at a tip end portion of a main shaft 5.

As shown in FIG. 6, the housing 16 of the spindle 5
, A spindle drive motor 10 is fixed. An NC control shaft 17 is rotatably supported inside the housing 16 so that the center axis is aligned with the center axis C of the main shaft 5. NC control axis
Reference numeral 17 denotes a hollow shaft, in which an NC control shaft 17 is provided.
The inner shaft 19 is arranged so as to be rotatable relative to the inner shaft 19. The driving force of the main shaft driving motor 10 is equal to the rotor shaft 10a,
It is transmitted to the NC control shaft 17 via the gear train 18.

Further, the base end of the inner shaft 19 has a flange.
29 has been fixed. Also, the flange of the housing 16
A plunger pin 30 that can come and go with respect to the flange 29 is fixed at a position facing the 29. In addition, flange 29
Is provided with a pin hole 31. And this pin hole 31
When the plunger pin 30 is engaged with the housing 16, the rotation of the inner shaft 19 with respect to the housing 16 can be prevented.

Therefore, in the present description, the pin hole 31 of the flange 29 and the plunger pin 30 are referred to as “inner shaft holding means”.
Also called. The state in which the pin hole 31 of the flange 29 and the plunger pin 30 are engaged is referred to as the “operating state” of the inner shaft holding means, and the pin hole 31 of the flange 29 and the plunger pin 30 are engaged.
Is in a non-engaged state of the inner shaft holding means.

The tip of the NC control shaft 17 has a clamp base
The clamp base 13 is integrated with an NC control shaft 17 driven by the spindle drive motor 10 to form a housing.
Rotate against 16. In addition, the clamp base 13 has a predetermined angle θ with respect to the NC control shaft 17 (in the present embodiment, θ = π /
4) Support the tilt axis 20 rotatably so as to intersect at 4)
In addition, the clamp body 14 is rotatably supported around the inclined shaft 20 as a center of rotation.

The base end of the inclined shaft 20 and the front end of the inner shaft 19 are drivingly connected via a miter gear (bevel gear) 21. The tip of the inclined shaft 20 and the rotating shaft 22 of the clamp claw 12 intersecting the inclined shaft 20 at a predetermined angle θ are drivingly connected via a miter gear (bevel gear) 23.

When the clamp body 14 is rotated with respect to the clamp base 13 about the tilt axis 20 as a center of rotation, tilt rotation of the clamp body 14 can be produced.
In addition, when the clamp claw 12 is rotated with respect to the clamp body 14, the turn of the clamp claw 12 described above can be generated.

As shown in FIG. 7, the clamp base 13 has
Plunger pin 24 that can freely move in and out of clamp body 14
Is provided. A pin hole 25 that engages with the plunger pin 24 is provided on a surface of the clamp body 14 facing the plunger pin 24. And plunger pin 24
By engaging with the pin hole 25 of the clamp body 14,
The rotation of the clamp body 14 with respect to the clamp base 13 about the tilt axis 20 as the center of rotation can be prevented. Therefore,
By providing the pin holes 25 at arbitrary positions, the rotation angle of the clamp body 14 with respect to the clamp base 13 can be selectively fixed.

In the present description, in view of such a function, the plunger pin 24 and the pin hole 25 are also referred to as "tilt angle fixing means". Further, the state in which the plunger pin 24 and the pin hole 25 are engaged is referred to as the “operating state” of the tilt angle fixing means, and the state in which the plunger pin 24 and the pin hole 25 are not engaged is the state of the tilt angle fixing means. It is referred to as "non-operating state".

The clamp body 14 is provided with a plunger pin 27 so as to be able to protrude and retract from the clamp pawl guide 26. The clamp pawl guide 26 is a rotation axis of the clamp pawl 12.
22, the clamp pawl 12 is slidably supported so as to be openable and closable, and a pin hole 28 that engages with the plunger pin 27 is provided on a surface facing the plunger pin 27.
By engaging the plunger pin 27 with the pin hole 28 of the clamp pawl guide 26, the rotation of the clamp pawl 12 with respect to the clamp body 14 can be prevented. Therefore,
By providing the pin holes 28 at a plurality of arbitrary positions, the rotation angle of the clamp claw 12 with respect to the clamp body 14 can be selectively fixed.

In the present description, in view of such a function, the plunger pin 27 and the pin hole 28 are also referred to as "turn angle fixing means". Further, a state in which the plunger pin 27 and the pin hole 28 are engaged is referred to as an “operating state” of the turn angle fixing means, and a state in which the plunger pin 27 and the pin hole 28 are not engaged is the state of the turn angle fixing means. It is referred to as "non-operating state".

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the NC control shaft 17 and the rotary shaft 22 of the clamp claw 12 are aligned in a straight line on the center axis C of the main shaft 5. 17
The relationship between the NC shaft 17 and the inner shaft 19
Hereinafter, the operation of each unit will be described as “a state in which there is no phase difference with”.

First, when ordinary lathe processing is performed, the inner shaft holding means (30, 31) is operated in a state where there is no phase difference between the NC control shaft 17 and the inner shaft 19 as shown in FIGS. Deactivate. Also, tilt angle fixing means (24, 25)
And the turn angle fixing means (27, 28) are all set to the operating state. In this state, the spindle drive motor 10
By driving the control shaft 17, the clamp base 13 is rotationally driven with respect to the housing 16.

Then, since the tilt angle fixing means (24, 25) operates, the clamp body 14 rotates integrally with the clamp base 13, and the turn angle fixing means (27, 28) operates. Therefore, the clamp claw 12 rotates integrally with the clamp body 14. At this time, the inclined shaft 20 rotates around the central axis C integrally with the clamp base 13 without generating relative rotation with the clamp base 13. Therefore, the rotation of the clamp base 13 is transmitted from the base end of the inclined shaft 20 to the front end of the inner shaft 19 via the miter gear 21. Further, since the inner shaft holding means (30, 31) is in a non-operating state,
The inner shaft 19 rotates integrally with the NC control shaft 17 and the clamp base 13.

In this state, the work clamp 6
Has a symmetrical shape about the center axis C of the main shaft 5, so that the main shaft 5 can be rotated at a high speed similarly to the main shaft of a conventional lathe.

On the other hand, when the clamp body 14 is tilted, the NC control shaft 17 and the inner shaft shown in FIGS.
In a state where there is no phase difference from 19, the inner shaft holding means (30, 31) and the turn angle fixing means (27, 28) are set to the operation state, and the tilt angle fixing means (24, 25) are set to the non-operation state. . When the NC control shaft 17 is driven by the spindle drive motor 10 in this state, the clamp base 13 also rotates with respect to the housing 16 integrally with the NC control shaft 17.

Then, since the inner shaft holding means (30, 31) is in the operating state, the inner shaft 19 is fixed to the housing 16 and does not rotate, and the inner shaft 19, the NC control shaft 17 and the clamp base 13 are not rotated. And a phase difference is generated. At this time, the inclined shaft 20 rotates with respect to the non-rotating inner shaft 19 by the miter gear 21, and relative rotation occurs between the inclined shaft 20 and the clamp base 13. The rotation of the inclined shaft 20 is transmitted from the distal end of the inclined shaft 20 to the rotating shaft 22 of the clamp claw 12 via the miter gear 23.

Here, since the turn angle fixing means (27, 28) is in the operating state and the tilt angle fixing means (24, 25) is in the non-operating state, it is transmitted to the rotating shaft 22 of the clamp claw 12. The rotation of the inclined shaft 20 with respect to the clamp base 13
This causes a tilt rotation about the tilt axis 20 of the clamp body 14. When the necessary tilt angle is obtained, the rotation of the NC control shaft 17 is stopped,
By setting the tilt angle fixing means (24, 25) to the operating state, it is possible to reliably fix the tilt angle at an arbitrary tilt angle.

For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the rotation angle α of the clamp body 14 with respect to the clamp base 13 about the tilt axis 20 (tilt axis D) is α = cos− ¹ (2cosφ−
When the rotation angle of the clamp body 14 can be fixed by the tilt angle fixing means (24, 25) at the position 1),
The tilt angle φ of the work W held by the clamp claws 12 can be obtained.

When performing the above-described tilt rotation of the clamp body 14, the clamp base 13 is rotated by a required angle with respect to the housing 16, so that the desired tilt is performed in relation to the tool of the turret 8. In order to obtain an angle, it is necessary to reversely rotate the clamp base 13 by the angle at which the clamp base 13 has rotated. Therefore, after the above procedure, the inner shaft holding means (30, 31) is deactivated, and the tilt angle fixing means (24, 25) and the turn angle fixing means (27, 28)
Are in the operating state. Then, the NC control shaft 17, the clamp base 13, and the inner shaft 19 are integrally and reversely rotated around the center axis C of the main shaft 5, so that the final adjustment of the posture of the work W can be performed.

When the clamp claw 12 is rotated, the NC control shaft 17 and the inner shaft 19 shown in FIGS.
When there is no phase difference with the inner shaft holding means (3
0, 31) and the tilt angle fixing means (24, 25) are activated, and the turn angle fixing means (27, 28) are deactivated. In this state, the spindle control motor 10 controls the NC control axis.
When the 17 is driven, the clamp base 13 also rotates with respect to the housing 16 integrally with the NC control shaft 17.

Then, since the inner shaft holding means (30, 31) is in the operating state, the inner shaft 19 is fixed to the housing 16 and does not rotate, and the inner shaft 19, the NC control shaft 17 and the clamp base 13 are not rotated. And a phase difference is generated. At this time, the inclined shaft 20 rotates with respect to the non-rotating inner shaft 19 by the miter gear 21, and relative rotation occurs between the inclined shaft 20 and the clamp base 13. The rotation of the inclined shaft 20 is transmitted from the distal end of the inclined shaft 20 to the rotating shaft 22 of the clamp claw 12 via the miter gear 23.

Here, since the turn angle fixing means (27, 28) is not operated and the tilt angle fixing means (24, 25) is operated, the rotation of the clamp body 14 with respect to the clamp base 13 is not performed. The rotation of the inclined shaft 20 which is blocked and transmitted to the rotation shaft 22 of the clamp claw 12 rotates the rotation shaft 22 to cause the clamp claw 12 to turn. When the required turn angle is obtained, the NC control shaft 17
While stopping the rotation of the turn angle fixing means (27,
By setting 28) to the operating state, it is possible to fix at an arbitrary tilt angle.

Further, the NC control shaft 17 shown in FIGS.
From the state where there is no phase difference between
In the case where the tilt rotation of 14 and the rotation of the clamp claw 12 are performed, the following operation procedure is performed.

First, when there is no phase difference between the NC control shaft 17 and the inner shaft 19 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the inner shaft holding means (30, 31) and the turn angle fixing means (27, 28) Is turned on, and the tilt angle fixing means (24, 25) is turned off. Then, along the above-described procedure, the tilt axis D
The clamp body 14 is tilted around the center.

After obtaining the required tilt angle about the tilt axis D, the inner shaft holding means (30, 31) and the tilt angle fixing means (24, 25) are activated, and the turn angle fixing means (27) , 28) are deactivated. Then, the clamp claw 12 is turned in accordance with the procedure described above.

After obtaining the required turn angle, the inner shaft holding means (30, 31) is deactivated and both the tilt angle fixing means (24, 25) and the turn angle fixing means (27, 28) are operated. State. Then, the NC control shaft 17, the clamp base 13, and the inner shaft 19 are integrally and reversely rotated around the central axis C of the main shaft 5 to make final adjustment of the posture of the work W.

A tilt axis turning mechanism driven by an NC control shaft 17 for tilting the clamp body 14 around the tilt axis A, and an NC control for turning the clamp claw 12 around the turn axis B. The turn shaft turning mechanism driven by the shaft 17 has the above configuration.

The operation and effect obtained by the embodiment of the present invention having the above configuration are as follows.

First, the lathe according to the embodiment of the present invention
By providing the tilt axis turning mechanism and the turn axis turning mechanism of the work clamp 6 driven by the NC control shaft 17 for driving the spindle at the tip of the spindle 5, the tilt axis turning mechanism and the turn axis turning mechanism are provided. Both the mechanism and the non-operating state, the workpiece W is gripped by the clamp claws 12, and
By performing high-speed rotation by the NC control shaft 17 for driving the spindle, ordinary lathe processing can be performed. Further, by actuating at least one of the tilt axis turning mechanism and the turn axis turning mechanism, the posture of the work W with respect to the main shaft 5 is tilted and turned by a predetermined angle, and the work W is tilted from a desired angle. Processing can be performed.

Further, since the base end of the inclined shaft 20 and the inner shaft 19 are drivingly connected via the miter gear 21, N
When the phase of the inner shaft 19 with respect to the C control shaft 17 is changed, a relative rotation occurs between the clamp base 13 and the clamp body 14 which are connected to the tilt shaft 20 and the NC control shaft 17. Also, the tilt axis 20
Of the inclined shaft 20 generated between the clamp base 13 and the clamp pawl guide 26 is rotated by the clamp pawl and the rotating shaft 22 of the clamp pawl. It is transmitted to the twelve rotating shafts 22.

Here, the rotating shaft 22 of the clamp claw 12 is supported by the clamp body 14 rotatably supported on the clamp base 13 about the inclined shaft 20 as the center of rotation. When the relative rotation between the clamp body 22 and the clamp body 14 is prevented, the rotation of the tilt shaft 20 causes the clamp body
14 can be pivoted with respect to the clamp base 13. Since the inclined shaft 20 intersects the NC control shaft 17 at a predetermined angle θ, such a clamp base of the clamp body 14 is used.
The turning with respect to 13 is the tilt turning of the clamp body 14.

On the other hand, when the relative rotation between the clamp base 13 and the clamp body 14 is prevented, the rotation of the inclined shaft 20 allows the clamp claw 12 to pivot with respect to the clamp body 14. Such turning causes the clamp claw 12 to rotate.

Further, when the relative rotation between the clamp base 13 and the clamp body 14 is prevented by the tilt angle fixing means (24, 25), the rotation of the inclined shaft 20 causes the clamp claws 12 to move the clamp body 14 Can be turned around.

Further, the rotation axis C of the NC control shaft 17 and the rotation axis B of the clamp pawl are controlled by the tilt angle fixing means (24, 25).
At a position where the rotation angle α of the clamp body 14 with respect to the clamp base 13 about the tilt axis 20 as the rotation center from the state in which the rotation axis α is linearly aligned is α = cos− ¹ (2 cosφ−1). If the rotation angle of the main body can be fixed,
A desired tilt angle φ of the work W held by the clamp claws 12 can be obtained.

When the relative rotation between the rotating shaft 22 of the clamp claw 12 and the clamp body 14 is prevented by the turn angle fixing means (27, 28), the clamp body 14 is rotated by the rotation of the inclined shaft 20. , Can be tilted with respect to the clamp base 13.

Thus, the tilt axis turning mechanism and the turn axis turning mechanism can be freely controlled by the spindle control NC control shaft 17 originally provided in the lathe without disposing a control motor for each of the tilt axis A and the turn axis B. Can be driven. Therefore, it is possible to simplify the mechanical structure and the control content. And it becomes possible to promote cost reduction of a processing apparatus.

Further, the work W gripped by the clamp claws 12 is not hidden by the structure of the work clamp 6 due to the rotation of the tilt, and the invention association disclosed technical report 2000-5194.
Unlike the conventional clamp 1 disclosed in JP-A-5196, there is no accumulation of cutting chips, and the workability of attaching and detaching a work is not deteriorated.

The work W gripped by the work clamp 6 at the tip of the main shaft 5 is supported at a desired angle, and
By selecting a necessary tool from the plurality of tools 7 of the turret 8 and feeding the work W to a predetermined position by the feed mechanism 9 of the main spindle, it becomes possible to perform necessary processing on the work. In this way, the lathe is multi-functionalized, and it is possible to process various workpiece shapes by the lathe. Therefore, a machine tool for machining the workpiece W is integrated into the lathe, and the And the cost of machined parts can be reduced.

Further, the four clamp claws 12 of the work clamp 6 grip different kinds of work having a diameter of the clamped portion within a predetermined range at four points of the outer diameter. Can surely grasp and process another type of work within a certain range.

For example, as shown in FIG. 9, three main components for constituting the variable valve timing mechanism (VVT) of the engine are shown.
Is a component, the sprocket W _1, the rotor W _2, when performing processing of the housing W _3, large advantages. These three components have an outer diameter of a portion to be clamped within a certain range, and all of them can be reliably held by the four clamp claws 12.

Conventionally, when processing these three parts,
Three series of multi-process lines with completely different types of machine tools and different numbers of machine tools were installed, and as shown in FIG.
The processing line ₁ employs a three-point outer diameter grip, the rotor line W ₂ employs a four-point outer diameter grip, and the housing W ₃
Employed a four-point inner grip. Therefore, it has been difficult to flexibly respond to requests for various production plans such as fluctuations in production volume and types, and it has been difficult to reduce product costs.

With the lathe according to the embodiment of the present invention, V
If three main parts for constructing a VT are to be manufactured, one kind of lathe can cope with the entire process of these three parts irrespective of the line form such as series and parallel. It is possible to solve the conventional problems as described above.

FIG. 8 shows an application example of the work clamp provided at the tip of the spindle 5 of the lathe according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8A shows that a clamp body 32 rotatably supported by a clamp base 13 has two sets of clamp claws 12 around a built-in tilt axis. FIG. 8B shows that the clamp body 33 rotatably supported by the clamp base 13 is provided with four sets of clamp claws 12 around the built-in tilt axis.

By providing a plurality of sets of clamp claws, a plurality of workpieces W
At the same time, and it is possible to continuously process a plurality of works W. The mechanism for rotating the clamp bodies 33 and 34 with respect to the tilt base with respect to the clamp base 13 and the mechanism for rotating each of the clamp claws with the turn axis are the same as those shown in FIGS. Omitted.

[0083]

According to the present invention, the following effects are obtained. First, according to the lathe according to claim 1 of the present invention, the spindle of the lathe is provided with a function of holding the workpiece in various postures, the lathe is made multifunctional, and the lathe is used to process various workpiece shapes. It becomes possible. In addition, since the tilt shaft turning mechanism can be freely driven by the spindle control NC control shaft originally provided in the lathe, the mechanical structure and the control contents can be simplified.

Further, according to the lathe according to the second aspect of the present invention, the spindle of the lathe is provided with a function of holding the workpiece in various postures, and the lathe is multi-functionalized. Can be processed. In addition, the turning shaft turning mechanism can be freely driven by the spindle control NC control shaft originally provided in the lathe.
It is possible to simplify both the mechanical structure and the control contents.

Further, according to the lathe according to the third aspect of the present invention, the main shaft of the lathe is provided with a function of holding the workpiece in various postures, so that the lathe is multi-functionalized and the lathe has various workpiece shapes. Can be processed. In addition, the tilt axis turning mechanism and the turn axis turning mechanism can be freely driven by the spindle control NC control axis originally provided in the lathe, thereby simplifying both the mechanical structure and the control contents. Can be planned.

According to the lathe according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, normal lathe processing can be performed, and the power of the NC control shaft for driving the spindle originally provided in the lathe is supplied to the tilt shaft turning mechanism or The work can be held in various postures by transmitting the work to the turn shaft turning mechanism, and the lathe can be made multifunctional.

Further, according to the lathe according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the tilt angle fixing means prevents the relative rotation between the clamp base and the clamp main body, so that the clamp claw is fixed to the clamp claw. By turning around the main body, the work can be held in a required posture.

According to the lathe according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the posture of the work can be set at a desired tilt angle, and the lathe can process various work shapes. .

Further, according to the lathe according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the turn angle fixing means prevents the relative rotation between the rotation axis of the clamp claw and the clamp body, so that the clamp body is The workpiece can be held in a required posture by tilting and rotating with respect to the clamp base.

According to the lathe according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to continuously process a plurality of works. Further, according to the lathe according to the ninth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to reliably grip and work a different type of work in which the diameter of the portion to be clamped is within a certain range. Regardless of the line form, a single type of lathe can be used for all three parts. Further, according to the lathe according to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the effect of the lathe according to the ninth aspect can be obtained at the time of machining the three main components for forming the VVT.

According to the lathe according to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, a required tool is selected from a plurality of tools of the turret,
In addition, by feeding the work to a predetermined position by the feed mechanism of the main spindle, it becomes possible to process various work shapes.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing a work clamp provided at a tip portion of a spindle of the lathe shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a view showing a state where the clamp body is tilted to a maximum with respect to a clamp base in the work clamp shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a view showing a state where the tilt angle of the clamp body with respect to the clamp base is stopped at an arbitrary angle in the work clamp shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state where the work is tilted and turned to perform machining from multiple directions.

FIG. 6 schematically shows a cross section of a main shaft of the lathe shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing in detail a structure of a work clamp provided at a distal end portion of the spindle shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an application example of a work clamp provided at a tip portion of a main shaft of the lathe according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which three main components for forming a VVT are clamped in the work clamp of the lathe according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a work clamp of a conventional production line,
It is a schematic diagram which shows the state which clamped three main components which comprise a VT.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing the structure of a conventional clamp provided with a tilt / turn mechanism.

FIG. 12 is an external view of the conventional clamp shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 5 Spindle 6 Work clamp 7 Tool 8 Turret 9 Feed mechanism 10 Spindle drive motor 12 Clamp claw 13 Clamp base 14 Clamp body 16 Housing 17 NC control shaft 18 Gear train 19 Inner axis 20 Incline axis 21 Miter gear 22 Rotary axis 23 Miter Gear 24 Plunger Pin 25 Pin Hole 26 Clamp Guide 27 Plunger Pin 28 Pin Hole 29 Flange 30 Plunger Pin 31 Pin Hole 32 Clamp Body 33 Clamp Body A Tilt Axis B Turn Axis C Center Axis D Inclination Axis W Work

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A lathe wherein a tilt axis turning mechanism of a work clamp, which is driven by an NC control shaft for driving a spindle, is provided at a tip end of the spindle. 2. A lathe wherein a turn shaft turning mechanism of a work clamp driven by an NC control shaft for driving the spindle is provided at a tip portion of the spindle. 3. A lathe wherein a tilt axis turning mechanism and a turn axis turning mechanism of a work clamp, which are driven by an NC control axis for driving the spindle, are provided at a tip end of the spindle. 4. A tilt base that intersects the NC control axis at a predetermined angle θ by a clamp base that rotates while being coupled to the NC control axis, and a clamp body having the tilt axis as a rotation center. The clamp body rotatably supports, by the clamp body, a rotation axis of a clamp claw that intersects the inclined axis at a predetermined angle θ. The base of the inclined axis and the phase with respect to the NC control axis are adjusted. An inner shaft of an NC control shaft that can be selectively changed is drivingly connected via a bevel gear, and a tip end portion of the inclined shaft and a rotation shaft of the clamp claw,
Drive coupled via bevel gear, When there is no phase difference between the NC control shaft and the inner shaft,
The lathe according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the NC control axis and a rotation axis of the clamp claw are linearly aligned. 5. A tilt angle fixing means for selectively fixing a rotation angle of the clamp main body about the tilt axis with respect to the clamp base as a rotation center. Lathe. 6. The tilt angle fixing means, wherein θ = π / 4
, The rotation angle α of the clamp body with respect to the clamp base from the state in which the NC control axis and the rotation axis of the clamp claw are linearly aligned is α = cos−
The lathe according to claim 5, wherein the rotation angle of the clamp body can be fixed at a position where ¹ (2 cos φ-1) is set. 7. A method for selectively fixing a rotation angle of a rotation axis of the clamp claw with respect to the clamp body,
5. The apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a turn angle fixing means.
The lathe according to any one of claims 1 to 6. 8. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of clamps are provided on the clamp body around the tilt axis.
The lathe according to any one of claims 1 to 7. 9. The work clamp according to claim 1, further comprising four clamp claws for gripping another type of work having a diameter of a portion to be clamped within a predetermined range at four points of an outer diameter. The lathe according to any one of claims 4 to 8. 10. The lathe according to claim 9, wherein another kind of workpiece whose diameter of the portion to be clamped is within a predetermined range is three main components for constituting a VVT. 11. The lathe according to claim 1, further comprising a turret, and a feed mechanism of the main spindle with respect to the turret.