JP2006068855A - Angle head for machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an angle head for a machine tool, which can automatically carry out index-positioning of a rotary tool thereof when mounted on a main spindle of the machine tool. <P>SOLUTION: The angle head 11 is formed of a head main body 23 which is mounted on the main spindle 15 of the machine tool rotatable about a rotation axis 17, and the rotary tool 21 rotatable about an axis 19 extending in a direction different from the rotation axis 17. Further the head main body 23 is provided with a tool rotation drive unit 25, and by rotating the head main body 23 about the rotation axis 17, the rotary tool 21 can be rotationally indexed about the rotation axis 17. When machining is carried out, the rotary tool 21 is rotated by the tool rotation drive unit 25. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an angle head that has a tool that rotates around an axis that extends in a direction different from a rotation axis of a main axis of a machine tool, and that is attached to the main axis of the machine tool.

  An angle head of a machine tool is attached to a spindle of a machine tool such as a machining center, and an axis extending from a rotary tool supported on the end (opposite side of the spindle) to a direction different from the axis of rotation of the spindle. Rotate around to perform internal machining and inclined surface machining of workpieces. Conventionally, in such an angle head, the main body of the head is fixed to the spindle head, which is a stationary part that rotatably supports the spindle so as not to rotate, and the spindle is rotated by using a bevel gear or the like. The rotation drive force is transmitted to the rotary tool by converting into rotation around the axis extending in a different direction.

Thus, in a general angle head, the orientation of the rotary tool with respect to the head body is fixed, and when the angle head is mounted on the main shaft, the rotary tool can be freely indexed and positioned around the rotation axis of the main shaft. Can not. For this reason, when machining surfaces with different orientations on the workpiece, the orientation of the workpiece is changed or replaced with another angle head having a rotary tool that matches the orientation of the surface to be machined.
On the other hand, an angle head has also been proposed in which a part of a head body that supports a rotary tool can be manually rotated so that the rotary tool can be indexed and positioned with the angle head mounted on the spindle (Patent Document 1). See).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-103154

When using an angle head of a type in which the orientation of the rotary tool is fixed, in order to machine multiple faces with different orientations, it is necessary to prepare as many angle heads as the number of faces. The cost burden was great. Moreover, extra time is required for exchanging the angle head, which reduces the processing efficiency.
Even when an angle head of a type that can change the orientation of the rotary tool with respect to the head body is used, the change must be made manually, so that it takes time to prepare for setting the tool, and the machining efficiency is lowered.

  Accordingly, in order to solve the above-described problems in the prior art, the present invention is capable of automatically performing indexing and positioning of the rotary tool with one angle head mounted on the spindle of the machine tool. is there.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a head body mounted on a spindle of a machine tool that can be rotated and indexed around a spindle rotation axis, and is rotatable around a tool rotation axis extending in a direction different from the spindle rotation axis. In an angle head of a machine tool that includes a rotary tool and performs processing with the rotary tool, the head main body is further provided with a tool rotation driving device, and the main body is rotated to rotate the head main body around the main axis rotation axis. Provides an angle head for a machine tool configured to rotate the rotary tool around the tool rotation axis by the tool rotation driving device when the rotary tool is rotated and indexed around the spindle rotation axis. Is done.
According to the above configuration, since the rotary tool is driven to rotate by the tool rotation driving device provided in the head body, the rotation of the main shaft can be used for other purposes. As a result, by rotating and indexing the head main body using the rotation index function of the main shaft, the rotary tool can be automatically indexed and positioned around the rotation axis of the main shaft without manual operation.

  The power of the tool rotation driving device is preferably supplied to the head body through the main shaft in a through spindle manner. In this case, the tool rotation driving device is an air motor, and it is further preferable to supply air to the air motor through the main shaft. If such a system is adopted, the tool rotation driving device can be operated without mounting the power source of the tool rotation driving device on the head body, and the angle head can be manufactured at a light weight and at a low cost.

  According to the present invention, since the rotary tool is rotated around the tool rotation axis with respect to the head main body by the tool rotation drive device, the rotation index function of the main shaft is used for the rotation index of the angle head around the spindle rotation axis, that is, the rotary tool. can do. Therefore, without changing the angle head or manually changing the orientation of the rotary tool relative to the head body, it is possible to automatically perform indexing and positioning of the rotary tool around the spindle rotation axis, and prepare multiple types of angle heads. This eliminates the need to perform processing and improves processing efficiency.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of an angle head 11 of a machine tool according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of an angle head 11 for a machine tool according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a tip portion of the angle head 11 of FIG.
The angle head 11 of the present invention is mounted on a spindle 15 that is rotatably supported with respect to a spindle head 13 of a machine tool such as a machining center, and a rotary tool 21 around an axis 19 that extends in a direction different from the rotation axis 17 of the spindle 15. The workpiece is processed by rotating. The main shaft 15 is mounted with a normal tool instead of the angle head 11 and can be rotated at a high speed and can be indexed by rotation, and is positioned at an arbitrary angular position.

Referring to FIG. 1, the angle head 11 of a machine tool includes a head main body 23 and a tool rotation driving device 25 provided on the head main body 23.
A tapered shank portion 23a is formed on the base end side of the head main body 23. The shank portion 23a is inserted into and held in a tapered hole 15a formed in the end surface of the main shaft 15 of the machine tool. Is attached to the main shaft 15. At this time, it should be noted that the head body 23 is not fixed to the spindle head 13 so that the head body 23 can be rotated in accordance with the rotation index of the spindle 15. At the end of the head body 23 opposite to the shank portion 23a, there is a substantially cylindrical chuck portion 23b having a tapered inner peripheral profile extending in the direction of the rotation axis 17 and having an inner diameter increasing toward the main shaft side. Is formed. A screw part is formed on the outer periphery of the chuck part 23b. The tool rotation driving device 25 is inserted in the center of the chuck portion 23b, interposes a collet 26 having a tapered outer peripheral profile complementary to the inner peripheral surface of the chuck portion 23b, and a nut 27 is provided outside the chuck portion 23b. The head body 23 is fixed by tightening. Of course, the tool rotation driving device 25 can be fixed to the head main body 23 by other methods.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the tool rotation driving device 25 receives an air motor 29 that receives a supply of air to generate a rotational force, and the rotational force of the air motor 29 is transmitted via a speed reducer 31 or the like. A drive shaft (not shown) that rotates about an axis parallel to the rotation axis 17 of the rotation axis, and the rotation of the drive shaft is converted into rotation around an axis 19 that extends in a direction different from the rotation axis 17 of the main shaft 15. And an angle unit 35 to be rotated. The speed reducer 31 is not essential and can be omitted.

  An air supply path 37 is formed inside the head body 23, and this air supply path 37 is connected to an air supply port 39 formed at the rear end portion of the air motor 29 of the tool rotation driving device 25. Then, air is supplied to the air supply port 39 from the main shaft 15 through the air supply path 37 of the head body 23 by the through spindle method, whereby the air motor 29 is operated to generate a rotational force. The air used to generate the rotational force by the air motor 29 is then discharged from the exhaust port 41 formed at the rear end of the air motor 29 into the chamber 43 formed inside the head body 23. Is discharged to the outside through the exhaust passage 45. A silencer 47 is preferably attached to the outlet of the exhaust passage 45 in order to reduce noise during air discharge.

  The angle unit 35 includes a unit housing 49, a transmission shaft 53 supported by the unit housing 49 via a bearing 51 so as to be rotatable around an axis extending parallel to the rotation axis 17 of the main shaft 15, and the rotation axis 17 of the main shaft 15. An angle shaft 57 supported on the unit housing 49 via a bearing 55 so as to be rotatable in different directions, for example, around an axis 19 extending at an angle of 90 ° with the rotation axis 17 of the main shaft 15 is included. The transmission shaft 53 is configured to transmit the rotation of the drive shaft via a joint or a gear. A bevel gear 59 is attached to the end of the transmission shaft 53 on the side opposite to the drive shaft. By engaging this with a bevel gear 61 attached to the angle shaft 57, the rotational axis 17 of the main shaft 15 is engaged. The rotation of the transmission shaft 53 around the axis parallel to the rotation axis is converted into the rotation of the angle shaft 57 around the axis 19 extending in a direction different from the rotation axis 17 of the main shaft 15. One end of the angle shaft 57 protrudes from the unit housing 49 to the outside, and the rotary tool 21 is attached to this end. As the rotary tool 21, for example, a drill or a reamer is used.

  Thus, the rotary tool 21 is supported on the head body 23 via the tool rotation drive device 25. Then, the rotational force of the drive shaft of the tool rotation drive device 25 is transmitted to the angle shaft 57 via the transmission shaft 53 and the bevel gears 59 and 61 to rotate the rotary tool 21 attached to the angle shaft 57.

Next, a method for using the angle head 11 shown in FIG. 1 will be described.
First, the tapered shank portion 23a of the head main body 23 of the angle head 11 is inserted into the tapered hole 15a formed in the main shaft 15 of the machine tool, and this is held in the tapered hole 15a by a collet or the like. When the angle head 11 is mounted on the main shaft 15, a main supply path 63 formed inside the main shaft 15 and opening at the bottom of the tapered hole 15 communicates with an air supply path 37 formed in the head body 23. The air can be supplied to the air motor 29 by the through spindle method.

  When the rotary tool 21 supported by the angle head 11 is indexed and positioned, the spindle 15 is rotated and the head body 23 is rotated around the rotation axis 17 of the spindle 15, thereby rotating the rotary tool 21 together with the tool rotation driving device 25. Is rotated around the rotation axis 17 of the main shaft 15 to perform indexing to a desired rotation position.

  On the other hand, when processing a workpiece, supply of air from the spindle 15 to the angle head 11 by the through spindle method is started. When air is supplied to the air motor 29 via the air supply path 37 and the air supply port 39 of the head body 23, the air motor 29 is rotated. The rotational force of the air motor 29 is transmitted to the drive shaft via the speed reducer 31 and the like, and then transmitted to the angle shaft 57 via the transmission shaft 53 and the two bevel gears 59 and 61, and the rotation attached to the angle shaft 57. The tool 21 is rotated. Then, the workpiece is processed by the rotating rotary tool 21.

  When machining a workpiece, it is preferable to lock the rotation of the main shaft 15. As a result, even when a rotational moment around the rotation axis 17 of the main shaft 15 acts on the angle head 11 via the rotary tool 21 during machining, the angle head 11 rotates around the rotation axis 17 of the main shaft 15 to rotate the rotary tool 21. It is possible to prevent the indexing position from going wrong.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, an air motor 29 is used as the tool rotation driving device 25, but an electric motor can also be used as the tool rotation driving device 25. In this case, if the spindle head 13 and the angle head 11 are fixed to supply electricity, the angle head 11 cannot be rotated with respect to the spindle head 13. Therefore, for example, a brush is provided at the main shaft side end of the head main body 23 of the angle head 11, and the brush is brought into contact with the annular electrode provided on the front end surface (end surface on the side supporting the main shaft) of the fixed main shaft head 13. Thus, a current may be supplied from the spindle head 13 to the electric motor. An induced current may be used. Thus, if an electric motor is used for rotation of the rotary tool 21, it becomes possible to perform fine control about rotation of the rotary tool 21. FIG.
Further, the rotation index of the main shaft 15 can be driven by a servo motor capable of C-axis control by the NC.

It is sectional drawing which shows embodiment of the angle head of the machine tool of this invention. It is an expanded sectional view of the front-end | tip part of the angle head of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Angle head 15 Spindle 17 Rotating axis 19 Axis 21 Rotating tool 23 Head main body 25 Tool rotation drive device 29 Air motor

Claims (3)

A head body mounted on a spindle of a machine tool that can be rotated and indexed around a spindle rotation axis, and a rotary tool that can be rotated around a tool rotation axis that extends in a direction different from the spindle rotation axis. In the angle head of machine tools,
The head main body is further provided with a tool rotation drive device, and the head main body is rotated to rotate the head main body about the main shaft rotation axis, whereby the rotary tool is rotationally indexed about the main shaft rotation axis and processed. In some cases, an angle head of a machine tool is configured to rotate a rotary tool about the tool rotation axis by the tool rotation driving device.   The angle head of the machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the power of the tool rotation driving device is supplied to the head body through the main shaft.   The angle head for a machine tool according to claim 2, wherein the tool rotation driving device is an air motor and supplies air to the air motor through the main shaft.

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