JP2002346561A - Treating method for wastewater containing salt of high concentration - Google Patents
Treating method for wastewater containing salt of high concentrationInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002346561A JP2002346561A JP2001159915A JP2001159915A JP2002346561A JP 2002346561 A JP2002346561 A JP 2002346561A JP 2001159915 A JP2001159915 A JP 2001159915A JP 2001159915 A JP2001159915 A JP 2001159915A JP 2002346561 A JP2002346561 A JP 2002346561A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- reverse osmosis
- osmosis membrane
- treatment
- electrodialysis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、高濃度の塩類を含
む廃水を、逆浸透膜処理および電気透析処理して、再利
用水、放流水および塩濃縮水を得る、高濃度の塩類を含
む廃水の処理方法に関する。The present invention relates to a high-concentration salt-containing wastewater obtained by subjecting wastewater containing high-concentration salts to reverse osmosis membrane treatment and electrodialysis treatment to obtain reused water, effluent water and salt-concentrated water. The present invention relates to a method for treating wastewater.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】高濃度の塩類を含む廃水としては、例え
ば、一般廃棄物最終処分場の浸出水がある。かかる浸出
水は、廃棄物から浸出するＣｌイオン、カルシウムイオ
ン等の塩類、溶解性シリカ等の非解離性溶解物質のほ
か、重金属、有機性成分、ＳＳ成分など種々の物質を含
んでおり、また、生物学的酸素要求量（ＢＯＤ）や化学
的酸素要求量（ＣＯＤ）も高い。このような廃水は、そ
のままでは河川に放流することができないため、放流前
に、重金属、有機性成分およびＳＳ成分を除去処理し、
ＢＯＤおよびＣＯＤを低減させる処理が行われている。
かかる処理方法としては、従来、カルシウム除去処理、
生物処理、凝集沈殿処理、砂ろ過処理、オゾン処理、活
性炭吸着処理、重金属キレート処理、精密膜処理等を適
宜組み合わせた処理方法が採られている。これらの処理
によって、浸出水中の重金属や有機性成分やＳＳ成分は
十分に除去され、ＢＯＤ、ＣＯＤも河川に放流するのに
十分な値まで低減されている。2. Description of the Related Art Wastewater containing a high concentration of salts is, for example, leachate from a general waste final disposal site. Such leachate contains various substances such as Cl ions leached from waste, salts such as calcium ions, non-dissociable dissolved substances such as soluble silica, heavy metals, organic components, and SS components. Also, biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) are high. Since such wastewater cannot be discharged to rivers as it is, prior to discharge, heavy metals, organic components and SS components are removed,
A process for reducing BOD and COD is performed.
As such a treatment method, conventionally, a calcium removal treatment,
A treatment method in which biological treatment, coagulation sedimentation treatment, sand filtration treatment, ozone treatment, activated carbon adsorption treatment, heavy metal chelate treatment, precision membrane treatment and the like are appropriately combined is employed. By these treatments, heavy metals, organic components and SS components in the leachate are sufficiently removed, and the BOD and COD are also reduced to values sufficient to discharge to the river.
【０００３】さらに近年では、環境保護を重視する風潮
のなか、水資源の再利用や放流河川の水質保護や周辺環
境への影響を考慮し、ＢＯＤ、ＣＯＤの低減処理などに
加えて塩類の除去回収や処理水の再利用の必要性が高ま
っている。これにともない塩類を除去回収して放流水中
の塩類濃度を低減させるとともに、再利用可能な処理水
をも回収することが可能な廃水処理方法の構築が模索さ
れている。[0003] In recent years, in the tide of emphasizing environmental protection, in consideration of the reuse of water resources, the protection of water quality of discharged rivers and the impact on the surrounding environment, salt removal has been performed in addition to BOD and COD reduction processing. The need for recovery and reuse of treated water is increasing. Along with this, construction of a wastewater treatment method capable of removing and recovering salts to reduce the concentration of salts in the effluent water and recovering reusable treated water has been sought.
【０００４】塩類を含む溶液から塩類を除去する方法と
しては種々なものが知られているが、代表的なものとし
ては逆浸透膜を用いた逆浸透膜処理および電気透析によ
る電気透析処理が挙げられる。逆浸透膜処理は、塩類の
水との分離能力が高く、得られる脱塩水の塩類濃度が非
常に低いという点で優れている。一方、電気透析処理
は、水回収率が高く、高濃度の濃縮水が得られるという
点で優れている。Various methods have been known for removing salts from a solution containing salts. Representative methods include reverse osmosis membrane treatment using a reverse osmosis membrane and electrodialysis treatment using electrodialysis. Can be Reverse osmosis membrane treatment is excellent in that the ability to separate salts from water is high and the salt concentration of the resulting demineralized water is very low. On the other hand, the electrodialysis treatment is excellent in that the water recovery rate is high and a concentrated water having a high concentration can be obtained.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、前者の
逆浸透膜処理は、処理水の脱塩効果は大であるが水回収
率が低い。廃水の処理に採用するとなると、濃縮水の水
分を低減させる処理、例えば蒸発缶などを用いて再濃縮
を行う必要性が生じる、濃縮水量が多いと水分低減のた
めに必要となるエネルギー量が多大なものとなり、コス
ト面および省エネルギー化などの点からみて非常に効率
が悪くなる。一方、後者の電気透析膜処理は、脱塩水の
回収率は高いが、高濃度の塩類を含む廃水を処理すると
なると、脱塩水の塩類濃度を再利用可能な値までは低減
することが難しい。However, in the former reverse osmosis membrane treatment, the desalination effect of the treated water is large, but the water recovery rate is low. If it is adopted for wastewater treatment, it is necessary to reduce the water content of the concentrated water, for example, reconcentration using an evaporator or the like. This is extremely inefficient in terms of cost and energy saving. On the other hand, the latter electrodialysis membrane treatment has a high recovery rate of demineralized water, but it is difficult to reduce the salt concentration of demineralized water to a reusable value when treating wastewater containing a high concentration of salts.
【０００６】このように上述の方法は、高濃度の塩類を
含む廃水を処理するに単独で採用するとなるとそれぞれ
欠点を有する。[0006] As described above, each of the above-mentioned methods has disadvantages when used alone for treating wastewater containing a high concentration of salts.
【０００７】そこで、本発明の主たる課題は、一般廃棄
物最終処分場の浸出水のような高濃度の塩類を含む廃水
を処理するにあたり、放流水中の塩類濃度を低減すると
ともに、その放流水よりもさらに塩類濃度の低い再利用
可能な再利用水を回収することが可能で、さらには塩類
をも好適に濃縮回収可能な、高濃度の塩類を含む廃水の
処理方法を提供することにある。Therefore, a main object of the present invention is to reduce the salt concentration in the effluent and treat the wastewater containing high concentration of salt such as leachate from the final waste disposal site. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating wastewater containing high-concentration salts, which is capable of recovering reusable water having a lower salt concentration, and capable of suitably concentrating and recovering salts.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の問題点に鑑みて本
発明者らが鋭意研究した結果、脱塩処理として逆浸透膜
処理および電気透析処理の双方を採用し、双方の欠点を
補完しあうように構成することで、塩類濃度が低減され
た放流水とするに加えて、それよりもさらに塩類濃度の
低い再利用可能な再利用水を得るとともに、さらに廃水
中の塩類をも容易に濃縮回収することが可能になること
を知見し、本発明を完成するに至った。Means for Solving the Problems In view of the above problems, the present inventors have made intensive studies and as a result, have adopted both reverse osmosis membrane treatment and electrodialysis treatment as desalination treatment, and have complemented the disadvantages of both. In addition to making the effluent water with a reduced salt concentration, it is possible to obtain reusable water with a lower salt concentration and to easily remove the salts in the wastewater. The inventors have found that it is possible to concentrate and recover, and have completed the present invention.
【０００９】すなわち、本発明請求項１記載の発明は、
高濃度の塩類を含む廃水の処理方法であって、前記高濃
度の塩類を含む廃水を、逆浸透膜処理して逆浸透膜処理
水と逆浸透膜濃縮水とに分離し、前記逆浸透膜処理水は
再利用水とするかまた処理系外に放流し、前記逆浸透膜
濃縮水は電気透析処理して、電気透析処理水と電気透析
濃縮水とに分離し、前記電気透析濃縮水は回収し、前記
電気透析処理水は、前記逆浸透膜処理の前段に返送して
再脱塩処理することなく処理系外に排出することを特徴
とする高濃度の塩類を含む廃水の処理方法である。That is, the invention described in claim 1 of the present invention provides:
A method for treating wastewater containing high-concentration salts, wherein the wastewater containing high-concentration salts is subjected to reverse osmosis membrane treatment and separated into reverse osmosis membrane-treated water and reverse osmosis membrane concentrated water, The treated water is reused water or discharged outside the treatment system, and the reverse osmosis membrane concentrated water is subjected to electrodialysis treatment to be separated into electrodialyzed water and electrodialyzed concentrated water. The method for treating wastewater containing high-concentration salts, wherein the treated water is recovered and returned to the preceding stage of the reverse osmosis membrane treatment and discharged out of the treatment system without re-desalting treatment is there.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の実施の形態として、本発
明の高濃度の塩類を含む廃水の処理方法を一般廃棄物最
終処分場の浸出水に対して適用した例を、図面を参照し
ながら以下に詳述する。図１は、本発明の処理方法を行
うための処理装置例を示す概略図である。１は脱塩前処
理設備、２は逆浸透膜装置、３は電気透析装置、４は電
気透析濃縮水を結晶固化するための結晶固化装置であ
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As an embodiment of the present invention, an example in which the method for treating wastewater containing high-concentration salts of the present invention is applied to leachate at a general waste disposal site will be described with reference to the drawings. The details will be described below. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a processing apparatus for performing the processing method of the present invention. 1 is a desalination pretreatment facility, 2 is a reverse osmosis membrane device, 3 is an electrodialysis device, and 4 is a crystal solidification device for crystal solidifying the electrodialysis concentrated water.
【００１１】前記前処理設備１は、重金属、有機性成
分、ＳＳ成分の除去、およびＢＯＤ、ＣＯＤの低減など
をおこなう各種処理装置からなる処理装置群であり、従
来、浸出水Ｗ1の処理に用いられている公知の設備であ
る。前記前処理設備１は、具体的には、カルシウム除去
処理装置、生物処理装置、凝集沈殿処理装置、砂ろ過装
置、ＡＯＰ装置、活性炭吸着処理装置、重金属キレート
吸着装置、ＭＦろ過装置、などによって構成されてい
る。[0011] The pretreatment facility 1, heavy metals, organic components, removal of SS components, and BOD, a processing unit group consisting of various kinds of processing units for performing such reduction of COD, conventionally, the processing leachate W 1 It is a known facility used. Specifically, the pretreatment equipment 1 includes a calcium removal treatment device, a biological treatment device, a coagulation sedimentation treatment device, a sand filtration device, an AOP device, an activated carbon adsorption treatment device, a heavy metal chelate adsorption device, an MF filtration device, and the like. Have been.
【００１２】前記浸出水Ｗ1はこれらの処理設備で脱塩
前処理された後（以下、脱塩前処理済みの廃水を原水Ｗ
2と記載する）、逆浸透膜装置２に導かれる。この逆浸
透膜装置２は特殊なものである必要はなく、海水の淡水
化などに用いられている海水淡水化高圧逆浸透膜装置な
ど従来既知のものでよい。前記逆浸透膜装置２に導かれ
た原水Ｗ2は、装置内の逆浸透膜によって、逆浸透膜処
理水Ｐ1と逆浸透膜濃縮水Ｃ1とに分離される。逆浸透膜
処理の利点は、先にも述べたように、非常に低濃度の脱
塩水が得られることである。前記原水Ｗ2を逆浸透膜処
理して得られる逆浸透膜処理水Ｐ1中の塩類濃度は、一
般に放流水よりも水質要求の厳しい再利用水程度の値ま
で低減される。具体的には、全ＴＤＳ（溶解性蒸発残留
物）濃度２００ｍｇ／ｌ以下、Ｃｌイオン濃度９０ｍｇ
／ｌ以下まで低減される。従って、前記逆浸透膜処理水
Ｐ1は、処理系外に放流するよりも再利用水として再利
用するのが望ましい。前記逆浸透膜処理水の具体的な再
利用用途例を挙げれば、例えば、廃水処理設備内で使用
する機器の冷却や空調等に使用する冷却設備内の冷却塔
補給水としての使用が挙げられる。冷却塔の補給水に要
求される水質は、全ＴＤＳ濃度が２５０ｍｇ／ｌ以下、
特に、Ｃｌイオン濃度については１００ｍｇ／ｌ以下で
あることが一般に要求されるが、上記のとおり逆浸透膜
処理水Ｐ1は、十分にこの要求を満たし、冷却塔の補給
水として再利用可能である。The leachate W 1 is subjected to a pre-desalting treatment in these treatment facilities (hereinafter, the waste water subjected to the pre-desalting treatment is converted into raw water W 1).
2 ) and guided to the reverse osmosis membrane device 2. The reverse osmosis membrane device 2 does not need to be special, and may be a conventionally known device such as a seawater desalination high-pressure reverse osmosis membrane device used for desalination of seawater. It said reverse osmosis unit source water W 2 guided to 2, by reverse osmosis membrane in the apparatus is separated into a reverse osmosis membrane treated water P 1 and the reverse osmosis membrane concentrate C 1. The advantage of the reverse osmosis membrane treatment is that, as mentioned above, a very low concentration of demineralized water is obtained. Salinity of the reverse osmosis membrane treated water P in 1 obtained by reverse osmosis membrane treatment the raw water W 2 is generally than effluent is reduced to stricter recycling value of about water quality requirements. Specifically, the total TDS (soluble evaporation residue) concentration is 200 mg / l or less, and the Cl ion concentration is 90 mg.
/ L or less. Thus, the reverse osmosis membrane treated water P 1, it is desirable to reuse as recycled water than discharged out of the processing system. Examples of the specific reuse application of the reverse osmosis membrane treated water include, for example, use as cooling tower makeup water in a cooling facility used for cooling or air conditioning of equipment used in a wastewater treatment facility. . The water quality required for make-up water in the cooling tower is such that the total TDS concentration is 250 mg / l or less,
In particular, the Cl ion concentration is generally required to be 100 mg / l or less, but as described above, the reverse osmosis membrane-treated water P 1 sufficiently satisfies this requirement and can be reused as makeup water for the cooling tower. is there.
【００１３】一方、前記逆浸透膜装置２で分離された逆
浸透膜濃縮水Ｃ1は電気透析装置３に導かれる。この電
気透析装置３は、特殊なものである必要はなく、従来公
知の電気透析装置でよい。電気透析装置３に導かれた前
記逆浸透膜濃縮水Ｃ1は、電気透析処理されて電気透析
処理水Ｐ2と電気透析濃縮水Ｃ2とに分離される。前記電
気透析処理水Ｐ2は、再利用可能な水質にまでは塩類は
低減されないが、原水Ｗ2と比較すれば十分に塩類の濃
度が低減されており、河川などに放流しても塩類による
周辺環境への影響は生じない。また、処理系外などで再
利用の用途があるならば再利用してもよい。On the other hand, the reverse osmosis membrane concentrated water C 1 separated by the reverse osmosis membrane device 2 is led to an electrodialysis device 3. The electrodialysis device 3 does not need to be special, and may be a conventionally known electrodialysis device. The reverse osmosis membrane concentrated water C 1 guided to the electrodialysis device 3 is subjected to an electrodialysis treatment and separated into an electrodialysis treated water P 2 and an electrodialysis concentrated water C 2 . The electrodialysis treated water P 2 is up reusable water salts is not reduced, compared with the raw water W 2 are sufficiently reduced the concentration of salts, by salts be discharged into rivers There is no impact on the surrounding environment. Further, if there is a reusable use outside the processing system, it may be reused.
【００１４】ただし、前記電気透析処理水Ｐ2を逆浸透
膜処理装置２に返送して再処理することは行わない。そ
の理由は、次記のとおりである。原水Ｗ2中には溶解性
シリカや微量の有機物など非解離性溶解物質が含まれ
る。逆浸透膜装置２は、解離性および前記非解離性のい
ずれの溶解物質に対しても一般に分離する特性がある。
すなわち非解離性の溶解物質（溶解性シリカ、微量の有
機物等）の分離濃縮も行われる。一方、電気透析処理装
置３は、解離性の溶解物質に対しては作用するが、非解
離性の溶解物質については作用しない。すなわち非解離
性の溶解物質については分離濃縮が行われない。このた
め、逆浸透膜濃縮水Ｃ1を電気透析処理した電気透析処
理水Ｐ2中には、逆浸透膜処理によって濃縮された非解
離性の溶解成分がそのまま含まれている。従って、この
電気透析処理水を逆浸透膜装置に返送してしまうと、非
解離性の溶解物質の濃縮が行われることになり、逆浸透
膜装置２内に非解離性の溶解物質例えば溶解性シリカが
スケールとして析出し、その分離能力が著しく低下する
ことになる。逆浸透膜装置２のスケール析出を防止する
手段として分散剤などを使用することも考えられるが、
塩類濃度が十分に低減され放流可能であることを考慮す
れば、安定運転に対するリスクの多い分散剤を用いた再
利用法よりも処理系外に放流するのが好適である。However, the electrodialysis treatment water P 2 is not returned to the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 2 for reprocessing. The reason is as follows. During raw water W 2 include non-dissociative dissolution substance such as an organic substance soluble silica and trace. The reverse osmosis membrane device 2 has a characteristic of generally separating both dissolved and non-dissociated dissolved substances.
That is, separation and concentration of non-dissociated dissolved substances (soluble silica, trace amounts of organic substances, etc.) are also performed. On the other hand, the electrodialysis apparatus 3 acts on dissociated dissolved substances, but does not act on non-dissociated dissolved substances. That is, non-dissociated dissolved substances are not separated and concentrated. Thus, the electrodialysis treatment water in P 2 to the reverse osmosis membrane concentrate C 1 to electrodialysis treatment, non-dissociable dissolution component enriched by reverse osmosis membrane treatment are included intact. Therefore, if this electrodialysis treated water is returned to the reverse osmosis membrane device, the non-dissociated dissolved substance will be concentrated, and the non-dissociated dissolved substance such as soluble Silica precipitates as scale, which significantly reduces its separation ability. Although it is conceivable to use a dispersant or the like as a means for preventing scale precipitation of the reverse osmosis membrane device 2,
Considering that the salt concentration can be sufficiently reduced and the water can be discharged, it is preferable that the water is discharged out of the treatment system rather than the recycling method using a dispersant having a high risk for stable operation.
【００１５】他方、前記電気浸透濃縮水Ｃ2は、結晶固
化装置４に導かれる。前記電気透析濃縮水Ｃ2は、この
結晶固化装置４で乾燥して結晶固化して結晶固化塩Ｓと
される。結晶固化装置４としては、蒸発缶やドラムドラ
イヤーなどが挙げられる。前記電気透析濃縮水Ｃ2は、
非常に高濃度で水分量が少ないため、蒸発缶などを用い
て乾燥しても使用するエネルギー量は少ない。回収され
た結晶固化塩Ｓは、廃棄処分してもよいが、浸出水を含
め種々の廃水を処理するさいには前処理設備内で重金属
除去処理を行うのが一般的であり、得られる結晶固化塩
中に有害な重金属類などは含まれないので、例えば、工
業用塩などとして再利用するのが望ましい。On the other hand, the electroosmotic concentrated water C 2 is led to a crystallization solidifying device 4. The electrodialysis concentrated water C 2 is dried and crystallized in the crystal solidifying device 4 to form a crystal solidified salt S. Examples of the crystal solidifying device 4 include an evaporator and a drum dryer. The electrodialysis concentrated water C 2 is
Since it has a very high concentration and a small amount of water, even if it is dried using an evaporator or the like, the amount of energy used is small. The recovered crystal solidified salt S may be disposed of, but when treating various wastewaters including leachate, it is general to carry out a heavy metal removal treatment in a pretreatment facility. Since harmful heavy metals and the like are not contained in the solidified salt, it is desirable to reuse the solidified salt as, for example, an industrial salt.
【００１６】本実施の形態においては、浸出水に適用し
た例について述べたが、その他、塩類を含む廃水の処理
に好適に用いることができる。また、本発明の処理方法
は、塩類濃度が著しく高濃度である場合に限らず、塩類
を含む廃水に対しては本発明の効果を奏する。また、結
晶固化塩については、処理する原水中に含まれる塩類の
種類および得られた結晶固化塩の純度などを考慮して適
した用途で再利用すればよい。In the present embodiment, an example in which the present invention is applied to leachate is described. However, the present invention can be suitably used for treating wastewater containing salts. Further, the treatment method of the present invention is not limited to the case where the salt concentration is extremely high, and exhibits the effects of the present invention for wastewater containing salts. In addition, the crystal solidified salt may be reused for an appropriate use in consideration of the type of salts contained in the raw water to be treated and the purity of the obtained crystal solidified salt.
【００１７】＜実験例＞次いで、本発明の実験例につい
て述べる。浸出水Ｗ1を前処理した後の原水Ｗ2を逆浸透
膜処理して逆浸透膜処理水Ｐ1と逆浸透膜濃縮水Ｃ1とに
分離し、さらに前記逆浸透膜濃縮水Ｃ1の全量を電気透
析処理して電気透析処理水Ｐ2と電気透析濃縮水Ｃ2とに
分離した。<Experimental Example> Next, an experimental example of the present invention will be described. Leachate W 1 separates the raw water W 2 after pretreatment reverse osmosis membrane treatment to the reverse osmosis membrane treated water P 1 and the reverse osmosis membrane concentrate C 1, and further the reverse osmosis membrane concentrate C 1 It was separated into the electrodialysis treatment water P 2 and electrodialysis concentrate C 2 to electrodialysis treatment the entire amount.
【００１８】図２は、実験のフローチャートを示すもの
であり、原水Ｗ2の全量をＱとして、各処理における分
離後の割合がαＱで示されている。また、全ＴＤＳ（溶
解性蒸発残留物）濃度、塩類であるＣｌイオン濃度およ
び非解離性の溶解成分である溶解性ＳｉＯ2濃度も示さ
れている。また、下記の表１は、原水Ｗ2、逆浸透膜処
理水Ｐ1、逆浸透膜濃縮水Ｃ1、電気透析処理水Ｐ2およ
び電気透析濃縮水Ｃ2のそれぞれの含有成分を示すもの
である。FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of the experiment, in which the total amount of raw water W 2 is Q, and the ratio after separation in each treatment is indicated by αQ. Also shown are the total TDS (soluble evaporation residue) concentration, the Cl ion concentration as a salt, and the soluble SiO 2 concentration as a non-dissociable dissolved component. Table 1 below shows the respective components of raw water W 2 , reverse osmosis membrane treated water P 1 , reverse osmosis membrane concentrated water C 1 , electrodialysis treated water P 2 and electrodialysis concentrated water C 2. is there.
【００１９】[0019]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２０】図２および表１より、逆浸透膜処理水Ｐ1
は、全原水量の６５％程度得られる。また、この逆浸透
膜処理水Ｐ1は、全ＴＤＳ濃度が２００ｍｇ／ｌ以下、
Ｃｌイオン濃度が８２ｍｇ／ｌであり、その他の含有物
質に関しても非常に低い数値まで低減されており、冷却
塔の補給液等として十分に再利用可能であることがわか
る。電気透析処理水Ｐ2は、原水Ｗ2と比較して塩類濃度
が低減されている。原水Ｗ2を放流するよりも電気透析
処理水Ｐ2を放流するほうが環境に与える影響が少ない
ことがわかる。電気透析濃縮水Ｃ2は、全原水量の１０
％程度得られる。この電気透析濃縮水Ｃ2は、ＴＤＳ濃
度が２０００００ｍｇ／ｌ程度と非常に高く、水分量が
少ないので水分を低減させることが容易である。FIG. 2 and Table 1 show that the reverse osmosis membrane-treated water P 1
Is about 65% of the total raw water volume. Also, the reverse osmosis membrane treated water P 1, the total TDS concentrations 200 mg / l or less,
The Cl ion concentration was 82 mg / l, and the other contained substances were reduced to very low values, indicating that they can be sufficiently reused as a replenisher for cooling towers. The electrodialysis treatment water P 2 has a reduced salt concentration as compared with the raw water W 2 . It can be seen that discharging the electrodialysis treated water P 2 has less effect on the environment than discharging the raw water W 2 . Electrodialysis concentrated water C 2 is 10% of the total raw water volume.
%. The electrodialysis concentrate C 2 are, TDS concentrations and very approximately 200000mg / l higher, it is easy to so small amount of water to reduce the water content.
【００２１】本実験例より、本発明の処理方法とする
と、放流水中の塩類濃度が低減され、原水量の６５％程
度の再利用水を回収することが可能で、さらに高濃度の
塩濃縮水をも回収可能である、ということが確認され
た。According to this experimental example, when the treatment method of the present invention is used, the salt concentration in the effluent water is reduced, and about 65% of the reused water can be recovered. Was also recoverable.
【００２２】＜比較実験例＞電気浸透膜処理水を逆浸透
膜装置に返送するようにして実験を行った。このように
返送した場合、非解離性の溶解物質である溶解性シリカ
が７．５倍程度に濃縮されることが知見された。<Comparative Experimental Example> An experiment was conducted by returning the electroosmotic membrane-treated water to the reverse osmosis membrane device. When returned in this way, it was found that the soluble silica, which is a non-dissociable dissolved substance, was concentrated to about 7.5 times.
【００２３】逆浸透膜処理装置では、常用運転するにあ
たり溶解性シリカの濃度を１００ｍｇ／ｌ以下にする必
要がある。表１より原水中の溶解性シリカ濃度は２０ｍ
ｇ／ｌ程度であることから、返送する処理系とした場
合、溶解性シリカ濃度は１５０ｍｇ／ｌ程度まで濃縮さ
れることになり、逆浸透膜処理装置の常用運転基準濃度
を超えてしまう。なお、１５０ｍｇ／ｌ程度まで溶解性
シリカが濃縮された場合、分散剤を用いても安定運転す
るには問題があり、運転管理上のリスクが大といえる。In a reverse osmosis membrane treatment apparatus, it is necessary to reduce the concentration of soluble silica to 100 mg / l or less in normal operation. From Table 1, the soluble silica concentration in raw water is 20m
Since the concentration is about g / l, when the processing system is returned, the concentration of the soluble silica is concentrated to about 150 mg / l, which exceeds the standard operation standard concentration of the reverse osmosis membrane processing apparatus. When the soluble silica is concentrated up to about 150 mg / l, there is a problem in stable operation even when a dispersant is used, and it can be said that there is a large risk in operation management.
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の効果】以上詳説のとおり、本発明によれば、処
理系外に排出する放流水中の塩類濃度が低減されるとと
もに、再利用可能な再利用水および濃縮塩を回収するこ
とが可能な、高濃度の塩類を含む廃水の処理方法が提供
される。As described in detail above, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the salt concentration in the effluent discharged to the outside of the treatment system, and to recover reusable water and concentrated salt. And a method for treating wastewater containing a high concentration of salts.
【図１】本発明の実施の形態の処理方法に用いる処理装
置の概略図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a processing apparatus used for a processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の処理方法の概略を示すフローチャート
である。FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an outline of a processing method of the present invention.
１…前処理設備、２…逆浸透膜装置、３…電気透析装
置、４…結晶固化装置、Ｗ1…浸出水、Ｗ2…前処理済廃
水、Ｐ1…逆浸透膜処理水、Ｐ2…電気透析処理水、Ｃ1
…逆浸透膜濃縮水、Ｃ2…電気透析濃縮水、Ｓ…結晶固
化塩1 ... pretreatment facilities, 2 ... reverse osmosis unit, 3 ... electrodialysis apparatus, 4 ... crystal solidification apparatus, W 1 ... leachate, W 2 ... pretreated wastewater, P 1 ... reverse osmosis membrane treated water, P 2 … Electrodialysis treated water, C 1
… Concentrated water of reverse osmosis membrane, C 2 … Concentrated water of electrodialysis, S… Crystallized salt
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Claims (1)
て、 前記高濃度の塩類を含む廃水を、逆浸透膜処理して逆浸
透膜処理水と逆浸透膜濃縮水とに分離し、前記逆浸透膜
処理水は再利用水とするかまた処理系外に放流し、 前記逆浸透膜濃縮水は電気透析処理して、電気透析処理
水と電気透析濃縮水とに分離し、前記電気透析濃縮水は
回収し、前記電気透析処理水は前記逆浸透膜処理の前段
に返送して再処理することなく、処理系外に排出するこ
とを特徴とする高濃度の塩類を含む廃水の処理方法。1. A method for treating wastewater containing high-concentration salts, wherein the wastewater containing high-concentration salts is subjected to reverse osmosis membrane treatment and separated into reverse osmosis membrane treatment water and reverse osmosis membrane concentrated water. The reverse osmosis membrane treated water is either recycled water or discharged outside the treatment system, and the reverse osmosis membrane concentrated water is subjected to electrodialysis treatment to be separated into electrodialysis treated water and electrodialysis concentrated water, The electrodialysis concentrated water is recovered, and the electrodialysis-treated water is returned to the preceding stage of the reverse osmosis membrane treatment without being re-treated, and is discharged to the outside of the treatment system. Processing method.
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001159915A JP2002346561A (en) | 2001-05-29 | 2001-05-29 | Treating method for wastewater containing salt of high concentration |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001159915A JP2002346561A (en) | 2001-05-29 | 2001-05-29 | Treating method for wastewater containing salt of high concentration |
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ID=19003415
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| Country | Link |
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| JP2009220019A (en) * | 2008-03-17 | 2009-10-01 | Metawater Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for treating wastewater |
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| JP2009220019A (en) * | 2008-03-17 | 2009-10-01 | Metawater Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for treating wastewater |
| JP2012061402A (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2012-03-29 | Toshiba Corp | Desalination system |
| CN103342432A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-10-09 | 南京工业大学 | Near zero emission process of salt-containing waste water |
| CN103342432B (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2015-10-28 | 南京工业大学 | A kind of near zero release technique of brine waste |
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| WO2017043741A1 (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2017-03-16 | 한국전력공사 | Desalination apparatus and desalination method using same |
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| JP2019147098A (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2019-09-05 | 住友重機械エンバイロメント株式会社 | Desalted water recovery device, water treatment system, and water treatment method |
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| CN110304751A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2019-10-08 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | The processing method and system of brine waste |
| CN109111010A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-01-01 | 陕西燎原净化设备有限公司 | A kind of brine waste processing system and its application method |
| CN114671554A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-06-28 | 大连波美科技有限公司 | Zero-discharge sewage system containing guanidine salt and application method |
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