JP2002339206A - Three-dimensional knitted fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a soft elastic structure resembling the spring characteristics of a muscle of human buttock, etc. SOLUTION: This three dimensional knit fabric is provided by forming partially projecting parts 120 as main elastic parts exhibiting a main recovery force against a compressive deformation, and differentiating the compressibilities of the projected parts 120 and recessed parts 110. Therefore, it is possible to make a spring feeling as soft compared with the conventional three dimensional knitted fabric formed as having uniform flexibility over the whole surface, and in the case of spanning it over the seat frame, it is possible to make the soft flexible structure resembling the spring characteristics of the muscle of human buttock. Also, in spite of having the soft flexible structure, a necessary recovering force can be exhibited by the presence of a linking yarn 40.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric suitable for use as a cushion material for a vehicle seat such as an automobile or a train, a chair for office or furniture (seat) and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, there has been known a vehicle seat using a three-dimensional net material (three-dimensional knitted fabric) which is thin, has high cushioning properties, has a large number of voids, and is excellent in air permeability. Have been. A truss structure (three-dimensional structure) is formed by joining a pair of ground knitted fabrics that are spaced apart from each other with a number of connecting yarns. It is excellent in characteristics, shock absorption characteristics, etc., and can exhibit characteristics similar to high elastic polyurethane foam widely used as a cushioning material while being thin.

[0003]

Conventionally, polyurethane foams are generally used as cushioning materials for vehicle seats and the like, and in addition to the above-described high-elasticity polyurethane foams, those having various characteristics are used. Are known. Above all, a flexible polyurethane slab foam and a viscoelastic polyurethane foam can form a cushioning material having a high attenuation, an extremely soft contact feeling, and an excellent sitting comfort. Furthermore, when the flexible polyurethane slab foam and the viscoelastic polyurethane foam are laminated and used, the spring characteristics of the muscles of the human buttocks and the like are closer and the soft spring characteristics are made, as compared with the case where other materials are used. However, there is a disadvantage that the restoring force is insufficient. In addition, due to the high density, the weight of the molded product becomes heavier than that of a normal flexible polyurethane foam.

As described above, a three-dimensional knitted fabric composed of a pair of ground knitted fabrics and a connecting yarn disposed therebetween has already been developed as a thin cushion material which replaces a high elastic polyurethane foam. further,
A three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric that can exhibit characteristics similar to the laminated structure of a flexible polyurethane slab foam and a viscoelastic polyurethane foam that are closer to the spring characteristics of muscles such as the human buttocks when stretched over a seat frame as a cushion material for a seat The development of is desired. Further, when the three-dimensional knitted fabric is used as a cushion material or a skin material for a vehicle seat such as an automobile, it is desired that the three-dimensional knitted fabric be as light as possible.

On the other hand, in the three-dimensional knitted fabric described above, when a load mass is applied, the ground knitted fabric is formed by the buckling strength of the connecting yarn and the restoring force exerted by the spring characteristics (elasticity) of the adjacent connecting yarn. By supporting it, that is, by supporting it with buckling characteristics with restoring force, it has a large surface rigidity on a wide surface and has a viscoelastic characteristic on a small surface, so that a flexible structure that does not cause stress concentration Have achieved. In other words, when the connecting yarn protrudes from one of the ground knitted fabrics when the load mass is applied, the connecting yarn only falls down, and the restoring force on the ground knitted fabric does not function. Therefore, in order to prevent the connection yarn from protruding, the ground knitted fabric constituting the three-dimensional knitted fabric is knitted while strongly tightening the ground yarn forming the knitted fabric,
That is, a stitch in which the connecting yarn and the ground yarn are firmly connected and which has a strong plugging force is used.

[0006] However, if the ground knitting of the ground knitted fabric is strong, the soft feeling is impaired and the surface feel becomes hard. Therefore, even if the plugging force is reduced, the connection yarn can be prevented from protruding, whereby the soft polyurethane slab foam and the viscoelastic polyurethane foam can be approximated to each other with a softer elastic structure, and a sufficient restoring force can be obtained. It is desired to develop a technology capable of exhibiting a spring characteristic (elasticity) provided with.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and can exhibit characteristics closer to the spring characteristics (elasticity) of human muscles, and have a necessary restoring force.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a lightweight three-dimensional knitted fabric. Further, the present invention can prevent the connection yarn from protruding even when the stitching force of the stitch of the ground knitted fabric is smaller than that of the related art, so that the characteristics can more closely resemble the spring characteristics of human muscles and can be comfortably performed in a minute load range. It is an object of the present invention to provide a three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric capable of exhibiting a comfortable stroke feeling.

[0008]

The inventors of the present invention have made intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems. As a result, the present inventor has found that a part having different elasticity is partially formed in the whole three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric, so that the whole surface is one-dimensionally knitted. It is possible to have a soft spring feeling as compared with the case where it is formed with such elasticity, and when this is stretched on the seat frame, it is possible to have a soft elastic structure similar to the spring characteristics of muscles such as human buttocks. The present invention has been completed, noting that it is possible and that the necessary restoring force can be secured by the presence of the connecting yarn of the three-dimensional knitted fabric.

That is, the present invention according to claim 1 is a three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric formed by connecting a pair of ground knitted fabrics spaced apart from each other with a connecting yarn. Provided is a three-dimensional knitted fabric characterized by partially forming a main elastic portion exhibiting a main restoring force. The present invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that it has two or more types of portions having different compression ratios, and a portion having a high compression ratio is configured as a main elastic portion that exerts a main restoring force against compressive deformation. The three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric according to claim 1 is provided. According to the third aspect of the present invention, the compression ratio of the main elastic portion is in the range of 20 to 90%, and the compression elasticity ratio is in the range of 75 to 100%. 3. The three-dimensional knitted fabric according to claim 2, wherein the difference between the rates is 5% or more. In the present invention according to claim 4, the main elastic portion has a thickness of 5 to 3 mm.
The three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric according to claim 3, which is in a range of 0 mm. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the ratio of the main elastic portion per unit area in the area projected onto a plane is in the range of 30 to 90% / m ^2. A three-dimensional solid knitted fabric according to any one of Items 1 to 4, is provided. According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the main elastic portion is formed by preparing a knitting structure. The present invention according to claim 7, wherein the knitting structure is such that the arrangement density of the connecting yarn, the thickness of the connecting yarn, the length of the connecting yarn, the material of the connecting yarn, the stitch shape of the ground knitted fabric, and the stitch of the ground knitted fabric. Prepared by any one of the size, the material of the ground yarn constituting the ground knitted fabric, and the fastening force at the joint between the connecting yarn and the ground knitted fabric or a combination of any two or more of them 7. The three-dimensional knitted fabric according to claim 6, wherein:
The present invention according to claim 8, wherein an uneven portion is provided on at least one surface, and one of a concave portion and a convex portion is formed as the main elastic portion.
And a three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric. In the invention according to claim 9, the concave portion is formed by joining the connecting yarns in a state where the pair of ground knitted fabrics are brought close to each other, and the convex portion constitutes a main elastic portion. The three-dimensional knitted fabric according to claim 8, wherein the three-dimensional knitted fabric is provided. According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the ninth aspect, the concave portion is formed by any one of a welding unit, a bonding unit, a suturing unit, and a joining unit using a fusion fiber. 3D three-dimensional knitted fabric. According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric according to the tenth aspect, wherein the concave portion is formed by vibration welding means. According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, the main elastic portion composed of the convex portion is formed in a substantially arch shape in cross section between adjacent concave portions, and the elasticity in the bending direction of the main elastic portion having the substantially arch shape in cross section can be used. It is a structure, Claims 8-8 characterized by the above-mentioned.
A three-dimensional knitted fabric according to any one of the eleventh to eleventh aspects is provided.
According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, the arrangement density of the connection yarns in the concave region is lower than the arrangement density of the connection yarns in the convex region constituting the main elastic portion. A three-dimensional knitted fabric according to any one of 8 to 12, is provided. According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, the main elastic portion is arranged in a ridge shape, a lattice shape, or a staggered shape in an arbitrary direction along a plane. And a three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings. FIGS. 1 to 4 are views showing a three-dimensional knitted fabric 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, which includes a pair of ground knitted fabrics 20 and 30 and a connecting yarn 40.

The pair of ground knitted fabrics 20, 30 are arranged at a predetermined distance from each other.
The connecting yarn 40 is provided so as to reciprocate between the zeros. The one ground knitted fabric 20 is, as shown in FIG.
This is a structure including a plurality of wales stitches, extending in the wale direction, and having a plurality of band-shaped knitted fabric portions 21 formed apart from each other by one or more wales. As a result, a void portion 22 is formed between the adjacent belt-shaped knitted fabric portions 21, and as shown in FIG. 2, each band-shaped knitted fabric portion 21 is located between the adjacent band-shaped knitted fabric portion 30 and the other ground knitted fabric 30. Together with the arranged connecting yarn 40, it constitutes a part of the ridge portion 23.
The band-shaped knitted fabric portions 21 forming the respective ridge portions 23 can be provided independently of each other. However, in order to improve the restoring force of the connecting yarn 40 as compared with the case where the band-shaped knitted fabric portions 21 are provided independently, the wale direction is improved. At predetermined intervals, a connecting portion 24 that connects adjacent band-shaped knitted fabric portions 21 so as to bridge each other,
It is preferable to form over one or several courses. The formation position of the connecting portion 24 does not necessarily have to be a lattice shape as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, may be a staggered shape, or may be an irregular arrangement. On the other hand, the other ground knitted fabric 30 is formed of a flat knitted fabric structure that is continuous in both the wale direction and the course direction, as shown in FIG. However, the structure of each of the ground knitted fabrics 20 and 30 is not limited to the structure shown in the drawing, and for example, a perforated structure such as a mesh or a tricot can be adopted.

[0012] The connecting yarn 40 is formed of the opposing ground knitted fabric 2.
It is arranged so as to reciprocate between 0 and 30. More specifically, it is arranged between the belt-shaped knitted fabric portion 21 and the ground knitted fabric 30 in a region facing the band-shaped knitted fabric portion 21. Also, as shown in FIG.
A part of the connecting yarn 40 connected to a certain band-shaped knitted fabric portion 21 is connected to the ground knitted fabric 30 in a region directly facing the one band-shaped knitted fabric portion 21, Is part of the area of the ground knitted fabric 30 located immediately below the space 22 adjacent to the one band-shaped knitted fabric part 21 and the area of the ground knitted fabric 30 facing the other adjacent belt-shaped knitted fabric part 21. Is joined to. As a result, the other part of the connecting yarn 40
It is arranged to be inclined between the ground knitted fabrics 20 and 30. Also, in any of the belt-shaped knitted fabric portions 21, the connecting yarn 40 is disposed in such a form, and as a result, the connection yarns 40 are inclined and provided below the space 22 between the adjacent belt-shaped knitted fabric portions 21. Some of the connecting yarns 40 cross each other. And, by such an arrangement form of the connecting yarn 40,
Compared to a configuration in which all the connecting yarns 40 are arranged almost vertically between the ground knitted fabrics 20 and 30 (see FIG. 11), a soft spring characteristic with a large compression ratio can be provided. On the other hand, due to the buckling strength of each connecting yarn 40, a sufficient restoring force can be exhibited while having a soft spring feeling with a large compression ratio. Further, in the present embodiment, a hollow portion 41 in which no connecting yarn is formed is formed in the vicinity of approximately the widthwise middle of each ridge portion 23 formed by the belt-shaped knitted fabric portion 21 and the connecting yarn 40. Thereby, an even higher compression ratio is achieved and the weight is reduced.

Each ridge portion 23 formed by the above-described band-shaped knitted fabric portion 21 and the connecting yarn 40 of the present embodiment functions as a main elastic portion which exhibits a main restoring force as defined in the claims. In addition, since each ridge portion 23 is formed apart from each other by one to several wales as described above, it corresponds to a partially provided main elastic portion. In other words, as described above, each ridge portion 23 is a portion having a predetermined elasticity and a large compressibility by the connecting yarn 40. Further, in a portion composed of a part of the connecting yarn 40 existing immediately below the space 22 between the ridges 23 and a partial region of the other ground knitted fabric 30, the arrangement density of the connecting yarn 40 is lower than the main elasticity. This is a region that is relatively coarser than the arrangement density of the connecting yarns 40 in the ridge portion 23 region that constitutes the portion, and has a compression ratio that can exert only a slight elastic force in the thickness direction due to deformation of the connecting yarns 40. Since it is a small part, the three-dimensional knitted fabric 10 of the present embodiment has a configuration having two or more types of parts having different compression ratios.

In any case, the ridge portion 23 constituting the main elastic portion has a large compression ratio and has a necessary restoring force due to the above-described configuration. Characteristics (spring constant) approximating the muscles of the buttocks and the like
Demonstrate. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the muscles such as the buttocks from being deformed at the time of sitting, and it is not possible to reduce the spring characteristics of the skin and muscles of a person, which are damping elements in the chatter vibration region of 6 Hz or more, especially 10 Hz or more.

FIG. 13 shows the spring characteristics of the muscles of the buttocks of a person. As is clear from FIG.
The buttock muscle has a spring constant in the range of 0.1 to 10 N / mm when compressed with a circular compression plate having a diameter of 98 mm, has a small hysteresis loss, and has relatively high linearity. Compared to this, in the case of the conventional soft elastic structure in which a soft polyurethane slab foam and a viscoelastic polyurethane foam are laminated, although a similar spring constant range is part of the load characteristics, the hysteresis loss is large. Lacks resilience. In view of this, when the three-dimensional knitted fabric 10 is stretched on the seat frame, the spring constant substantially matches the above-described muscle spring constant range, and the hysteresis loss and the linearity are substantially the same as the muscle spring characteristics. By adopting a configuration that allows the exercise to be performed, the required restoring force can be secured without causing muscle deformation at the time of sitting.

In order to exhibit the above-mentioned function when the three-dimensional knitted fabric is stretched on the seat frame, the three-dimensional knitted fabric 10 has a relatively small hysteresis loss and a relatively small hysteresis loss as its own load characteristic in the thickness direction before the stretching. Although it is necessary to have a property having high linearity, the conventional three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric has the same arrangement density and thickness of the connecting yarn as a whole (see FIG. 11), and the entire surface , The buckling characteristics of the connecting yarn are greatly affected, and the load characteristics are nonlinear and have a large hysteresis loss. Therefore, in a conventional three-dimensional knitted fabric, for example, if a structure that emphasizes resilience is adjusted by adjusting the thickness and density of the connecting yarn, the spring constant becomes too high, while the thickness and density of the connecting yarn are reduced over the entire surface. If the spring constant is reduced so as to approach the spring constant range of the muscle, the hysteresis loss increases and the restoring force becomes insufficient.

On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, each ridge 23 serving as a main elastic portion formed by the band-shaped knitted fabric portion 21 and the connecting yarn 40 is partially provided. In other words, by using a structure having two or more types of portions having different compression ratios, a conventional three-dimensional solid body having the same material and stitch structure and a uniform number of connecting yarns over the entire surface is used. Compared to a knit, it is possible to provide a soft spring characteristic while maintaining a necessary restoring force. This means
It is clear from the graph showing the load characteristics shown in FIG. 12 that the conventional three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric (Comparative Example 1 (manufacturing conditions are the same as Example 4 described later. However, the compression ratio is 13.2%, the compression elasticity is 13.2%). Rate is 98.1%), the spring constant of the present embodiment shown as Example 1 is small, the spring is soft, the hysteresis loss is small, and the linearity is low. Is getting higher. From this, it is understood that the three-dimensional knitted fabric 10 of the present embodiment is suitable as a cushion material (skin material) of a seat having a spring characteristic close to the characteristics of a human muscle and a necessary restoring property.

In order to provide the three-dimensional knitted fabric 10 of this embodiment with such characteristics, the compression ratio of the ridge portion 23 as the main elastic portion is set in the range of 20 to 90%, and the compression elastic modulus is set in the range of 75 to 90%. The region is set to 100% and does not constitute the main elastic portion, that is, in this embodiment, the space 22 between the ridges 23
The difference in compression ratio between a part of the connecting yarn 40 existing immediately below and a part of the other part of the ground knitted fabric 30 is 5%.
It is preferable to set so as to be as described above. Further, the thickness of the ridge portion 23 as the main elastic portion (the thickness t between the surfaces of the pair of ground knitted fabrics 20 and 30 disposed via the connecting yarn 40).
For example, in the case where the characteristics of the cushioning material of the vehicle seat are satisfied, the range of 5 to 100 mm is preferable. If it is below this range, it is difficult to exhibit good cushioning properties, and if it is above this range, it is difficult to ensure the dimensional stability of the three-dimensional knitted fabric 10.
Also in this range, it is necessary to keep in mind that if the thickness is relatively large, for example, exceeding 50 mm, depending on the elastic modulus of the connecting yarn 40, the cushioning property becomes harder than a rigid body. When the thickness is relatively large, the connecting yarn 40 may be designed to have a high elastic modulus to provide a soft cushion characteristic with a large stroke. In addition, considering the ease of sewing in a comprehensive manner, 5-30 m in the above range
The range of m is more preferred. The three-dimensional three-dimensional knit 10
May be laminated or used with another elastic member such as Pluma Flex. However, in this case, the three-dimensional three-dimensional The thickness of the knit 10 (thickness t of the ridge portion 23) in the range of 5 to 30 mm, which is a relatively thin range among the above ranges, is also appropriate.

The compression ratio and the compression elastic modulus are defined by JASO
It is measured by a test method based on the standard M404-84 “Compression rate and compression elastic modulus”. Specifically, 50mm ×
Each of the three samples cut into 50 mm was subjected to an initial load of 3.5 g / cm ² (0.343 kPa) in the thickness direction.
Measure the thickness when pressurized for 0 seconds, then 200g / c
The thickness when left under a pressure of m ² (19.6 kPa) for 10 minutes is measured. Next, after leaving the load for 10 minutes, the pressure was again increased to 3.5 g / cm ² (0.343 kPa) for 30 minutes.
Measure the thickness when pressurized for 2 seconds. Then, the compression ratio and the compression elastic modulus are calculated by the following equations, and each is represented by an average value of three sheets. In each of the embodiments described below, the compression ratio and the compression modulus measured by cutting and measuring the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric of each embodiment having a ridge portion (or a convex portion) and another portion (or a concave portion) at 50 mm × 50 mm. Is the data of the ridges (or protrusions), and the compression ratios of the other parts (or recesses) are the same except that the interval between the ridges (or protrusions) of each embodiment is re-knitted to 50 mm. 50mm x 50m
It was determined by cutting out a sample of m and measuring.

[0020]

(Equation 1)

[0021]

(Equation 2)

Here, t ₀ is 3.5 g / cm ² (0.
343 kPa) is the thickness (mm) when pressurized,
t ₁ is the thickness (mm) when pressurized at 200 g / cm ² (19.6 kPa), and t ′ ₀ is 3.5 g again.
/ Cm ² (0.343 kPa) when pressed.

For the same reason as described above, the ratio of the ridge 23 as the main elastic portion to the unit area per unit area in the area projected on a plane is in the range of 1 to 99% / m ² , especially for automobiles. 30 to 90% /
It is preferably formed to be in the range of m ^2. In setting the ratio of the ridge portion 23, which is the main elastic portion, per unit area to be in such a range, the width of each band-shaped knitted fabric portion 21 and the separation interval between the adjacent band-shaped knitted fabric portions 21 are set as follows. It is preferable to determine such a range. That is, when both the number of wales of the width of each band-shaped knitted fabric portion 21 and the number of wales of the spacing between adjacent band-shaped knitted fabric portions 21 are W, W = (0.14 · E) /2.54 ~ (15.24.E)
/2.54 is preferably determined. here,
“E” is the gauge number of a knitting machine for knitting a three-dimensional knitted fabric, and “2.54” is a value obtained by converting 1 inch into cm. The coefficients “0.14” and “15.24” were derived from empirical rules as values that enable calculation of a preferable wale number, irrespective of the magnitude of the gauge number of the knitting machine, as a result of the study by the present inventors. The ratio of the ridge 23 as the main elastic portion to the unit area per unit area may be determined by partially increasing or decreasing the density of the ridge 23 or by partially increasing the density of the ridge 23. It can also be varied by increasing or decreasing the width. For example, the width of the ridge 23 is increased in the portion corresponding to the lumbar vertebra and the width of the ridge 23 is increased in the portion corresponding to the ischium in order to suppress the pelvis from sliding forward and improve the shape following ability with respect to the posture change. It can be set to narrow the width.

The type and thickness of the ground yarns forming the ground knitted fabrics 20 and 30 are not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a multifilament yarn or a spun yarn of 167 to 2800 dtex. When the thickness is less than 167 dtex, it is difficult to provide the necessary waist strength for the three-dimensional knitted fabric, and the knitting work becomes difficult when the thickness exceeds 2800 dtex.
Also, the texture of the knitted fabric surface is reduced. Although a monofilament yarn can be used as the ground yarn, it is preferable to use a multifilament yarn or a spun yarn as described above from the viewpoints of texture and softness of surface feel.

As the connecting yarn 40, a monofilament yarn is preferably used, and its thickness is 167 to 1100.
It is preferably decitex. Multifilament yarn cannot provide good restoring cushioning properties, and if the thickness is less than the above range, it is difficult to obtain waist strength, and if the thickness is larger than this range, it becomes too hard, and moderate spring properties (cushioning properties) Can not get.

The material of the ground yarn or the connecting yarn 40 is not particularly limited. For example, synthetic fibers such as polypropylene, polyester, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, rayon and the like, and recycled fibers, wool, silk, cotton, etc. Fiber. The above-mentioned materials may be used alone or in combination. In addition,
Polyester fibers are excellent in recyclability and are suitable. Further, the yarn shape of the ground yarn or the connecting yarn 40 is not limited, and may be a round cross-section yarn or a modified cross-section yarn.

Further, as in the present embodiment, in order to exhibit the above characteristics only by the knitting structure of the knitted fabric, the ground yarn and the connecting yarn constituting the ground knitted fabrics 20 and 30 are prevented in order to prevent the connecting yarn 40 from projecting. The total thickness of the knitted yarn formed by the step 40 is preferably 330 dtex or more, and more preferably 420 to 2800 dtex. As a result, the stitching force of the stitch at the joint portion of the connecting yarn 40 is improved, the connecting yarn 40 is prevented from protruding when a load mass is applied, the form stability is improved, and the above-described good cushioning characteristics are obtained. And body pressure dispersion characteristics.

In order to exhibit the above characteristics by preparing the knitting structure, it is needless to say that the structure of the knitted fabric, the various numerical ranges, the materials, and the like described in the above embodiment are not limited. Yes, arrangement density of connecting yarn, thickness of connecting yarn, length of connecting yarn, material of connecting yarn,
Stitch shape of ground knitting, stitch size of ground knitting,
It can be prepared by a material of the ground yarn constituting the ground knitted fabric, any one of the plugging forces at the joint portion between the connecting yarn and the ground knitted fabric, or an appropriate combination of any two or more components. it can.

FIGS. 5 and 6 are views showing a three-dimensional knitted fabric 100 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In addition,
Members similar to those shown in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. The present embodiment is characterized in that a concave portion 110 and a convex portion 120 are formed on a three-dimensional knitted fabric 10 manufactured in exactly the same manner as the three-dimensional knitted fabric 10 according to the above-described first embodiment. Constitutes the main elastic portion.

That is, a pair of ground knitted fabrics 20 and 30 spaced apart from each other at predetermined intervals along the course direction with respect to the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric 10 according to the first embodiment.
Are formed so as to be close to each other to form the concave portion 110. In the region where the concave portion 110 is formed, the connecting yarns 40 arranged in the region are inclined or bent, and the connecting yarns 40 in the vicinity are entangled and joined in the region. As a result of the entanglement joining, the connecting yarn 40 has the ground knitted fabric 20 or the ground knitted fabric 3 on both sides sandwiching the entangled portion 40a, which are to be joined.
With respect to 0, it becomes possible to function as independent spring elements. Therefore, as schematically shown in FIG. 7, the ground between the entangled portion 40 a of the connecting yarn 40 entangled in one concave portion 110 and the entangled portion 40 a of the connecting yarn 40 entangled in the adjacent concave portion 110 is ground. The structure including the knitted fabric 20 and the connecting yarn 40 arranged in the region can be regarded as one spring element having a substantially arch-shaped cross section.

For this reason, when the convex portion 120 is compressed and deformed by the load mass, the ridge portion 2 in the first embodiment is used.
3, the buckling strength of the connecting yarn 40 is relatively reduced as compared with the case where the compression-deformation is performed on the connecting yarn 40.
As the restoring force, as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 7, the elastic function in the bending direction of the spring element having a substantially arch-shaped cross section including the entangled connecting yarn 40 becomes relatively large. As a result, assuming that various conditions except for the formation of the concave portion 110 and the convex portion 120 are exactly the same as those of the first embodiment,
The spring characteristic of the convex portion 120 of the present embodiment is smaller than the spring characteristic of the ridge portion 23 of the first embodiment, so that the spring characteristic is reduced and the ridge portion 23 is easily deformed from a small load range, while the buckling characteristic appears. Since it becomes difficult, the hysteresis loss is reduced and the linearity is improved.

In other words, in order to approximate the spring characteristics of the muscles stretched to the seat frame to those of human muscles,
When trying to achieve the load characteristic of the three-dimensional knitted fabric itself with a relatively small hysteresis loss and a structure having relatively high linearity, as in the first embodiment, this is to be achieved only by the knitting structure. In comparison with the three-dimensional knitted fabric 100 having the convex portions 120 formed as in the present embodiment,
The required characteristics can be easily provided, that is, even if the conditions such as the knitting structure of the ground knitted fabrics 20 and 30 and the method of disposing the connecting yarns 40 are more relaxed.

This point is apparent from the load characteristics shown in FIG. 12, and the structure of the first embodiment (Example 1) is certainly compared with the conventional three-dimensional knitted fabric (Comparative Example 1). As far as possible, the hysteresis loss is reduced and the linearity is increased. However, in the embodiment (Example 2), the hysteresis loss is further reduced and the linearity is higher. Further, since the spring property in the bending direction by the spring element having the substantially arch-shaped cross section is used, the spring constant is also low, and the cushion structure is clearly softer than that of the first embodiment. .

Further, in the present embodiment, the elasticity that expands and contracts in a direction substantially perpendicular to the formation line of the concave portion 110 is also provided by entangledly joining the connecting yarn 40 in the concave portion 110 as described above. For this reason, when stretched on the sheet, in addition to the resilience in the bending direction caused by a spring element having a substantially arch-shaped cross section, which occurs in the thickness direction, the resilience (spring properties) generated in a direction substantially perpendicular to the bending direction is added. This elongation contributes to lowering the spring constant.

Here, the means for forming the recess 110 will be described. First, the formation position is arbitrary, but the concave portion 110 itself is a portion which does not exert a large effect as a restoring force in the thickness direction, and the convex portion 120 is formed by entanglement of some connecting yarns 40. Since the connecting yarn 40 is formed in order to form a spring element having a substantially arch-shaped cross section, the connecting yarn 40 in the region may be a portion where the arrangement density is low. Thereby, the weight of the three-dimensional knitted fabric 100 can be reduced. Therefore, in the present embodiment using the first embodiment as it is, the space 22 between the band-shaped knitted fabric portions 21 in the first embodiment shown in FIG.
The thickness of the portion included in the region is reduced along the wale direction together with the connection portion 24, and the connection yarn 40 included in the region is reduced.
Is preferably formed by confounding. However, as in a third embodiment described later, the arrangement density of the connecting yarns in the convex portions and the concave portions can be made equal, and depending on the thickness and knitting structure of the connecting yarns, the arrangement of the connecting yarns in the concave portions can be made. It is also possible to make the installation density denser than the projections. Also,
The connecting yarn 40 in the region of the concave portion 110 and the region of the convex portion 120
, The thickness of the connecting yarn 40, the length of the connecting yarn 40, the material of the connecting yarn 40, the stitch shape of the ground knitted fabrics 20, 30,
Stitch size of ground knitted fabrics 20 and 30, ground knitted fabric 2
The material of the ground yarns constituting 0, 30 and the one or any two or more of the fastening forces at the joint between the connecting yarn 40 and the ground knitted fabrics 20, 30 are formed to be different. You can also. This makes it possible to more appropriately adjust the elastic function of the substantially arch-shaped spring element, and as described later, the ground knitted fabric 20,
In pressing the pieces 30 close to each other, for example, the work can be facilitated by reducing the thickness of the connecting thread 40 in the area where the recess 110 is formed.

The connecting yarn 40 included in the area is
Before the formation of the concave portion 110, as shown in FIG.
Below the space portion 22 between the adjacent belt-shaped knitted fabric portions 21, the connecting yarns 40 are arranged so as to intersect and incline.
Therefore, the connecting yarns 40 are entangled and joined to each other at the intersecting portions, as shown in FIG.
20 can be easily supported diagonally, and a substantially arch-shaped spring element can be easily formed.

The shape of the concave portion 110 is arbitrary, and can be formed in any direction along the surface. For example, as in the present embodiment, the protrusions 120 can be provided in a ridge shape by being formed along the wale direction at predetermined intervals in the course direction, and furthermore, at predetermined intervals in the wale direction. However, by forming the concave portions 110, the convex portions 120 can be formed in a lattice shape or a staggered shape.

The recess 110 has a pair of ground knitted fabrics 20,
Of the 30 surfaces, it can be formed from only one side, but it can also be formed from both sides as in the present embodiment. As means for forming the concave portion 110 by bringing the ground knitted fabrics 20 and 30 close to each other, in addition to welding means and bonding means, sewing means using sewing machine stitching, and further, a fusion fiber is applied between the ground knitted fabrics 20 and 30. For example, a means for melting the fused fibers and joining them with each other can be used. Above all, it is preferable to use vibration welding means. This is because the rigidity of the welded portion can be avoided and the joining strength is strong.

The preferred ranges of the compressibility, the compressive elastic modulus, and the thickness of the convex portion 120 as the main elastic portion in the three-dimensional knitted fabric 100 of the present embodiment are the ridges as the main elastic portion in the first embodiment. This is exactly the same as the portion 23, and it is also preferable that the difference in the compression ratio between the convex portion 120 and the concave portion 110 be set to be 5% or more.

Also, the ratio of the projection 120, which is the main elastic portion when projected onto a plane, per unit area is preferably the same as that of the ridge 23 of the first embodiment. Number of wale W of width and adjacent convex portion 1
The distance W between the gaps 20, that is, the wale number W of the width of the concave portion 110 is defined as W = (0.14 · E) /2.54 to (1
Similarly, it is preferable to set the range of 5.24 · E) /2.54. Note that, as shown in FIG.
10 is a width b at the time of planar projection with a substantially flat portion at the bottom of the valley.
The interval between the substantially flat portions of the adjacent concave portions 110 is defined as the width a of the convex portion 120 when projected on a plane.

In addition, the preferred ranges such as the type and thickness of the ground yarn and the connecting yarn 40 forming the ground knitted fabrics 20 and 30 are the same. The same material can be used, but when the recess 110 is formed by vibration welding, a thermoplastic fiber is preferable. For example, thermoplastic polyester fibers such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyamide fibers such as nylon 6, nylon 66, and polyolefin fibers such as polyethylene and polypropylene. Alternatively, a combination of two or more of these fibers can be used.

However, in this embodiment, some of the connecting yarns 40
Since the two are entangled and joined to prevent the connection yarn 40 from projecting, the stitching force of the stitch formed by the ground yarn and the connection yarn 40 constituting the ground knitted fabrics 20 and 30 is the first embodiment. Can be set lower than in the case of the form,
The total thickness of the stitch can be set to a smaller range. Thereby, the feel of the ground knitted fabrics 20, 30 can be softened.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric 200 according to the third embodiment of the present invention, and has a concave portion 210 and a convex portion 220 as in the second embodiment.
Each of the ground knitted fabrics 230 and 240 has a flat knitted fabric structure continuous in both the wale direction and the course direction, similarly to the other ground knitted fabric 30 in the first embodiment shown in FIG. It differs in that it is formed. The connection yarn 250 is also different in that the concave portions 210 are not formed before, and the connecting yarns 250 are arranged at a uniform arrangement density on all surfaces and no rough portions are formed. Other conditions are exactly the same as in the second embodiment.

Also in this embodiment, since the convex portion 220 as the main elastic portion is partially formed, it has the same characteristics as the second embodiment. FIG. 12 shows the load characteristics of the three-dimensional knitted fabric 200 having the same structure as that of the present embodiment as Example 3. As is clear from FIG. Also has a reduced spring constant, reduced hysteresis loss, and increased linearity. In FIG. 12,
In Example 3, the load characteristic of Example 3 was lower than that of Example 2 having the same structure as that of the second embodiment. In Example 3, a connecting yarn having a smaller diameter than that of Example 2 was used. It depends.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric 300 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As in the second and third embodiments, the three-dimensional knitted fabric 300 has a concave portion 310 and a convex portion 320. As shown in FIG. 10, one of the ground knitted fabrics 330 has a rhombus mesh structure in which a portion 320a forming the convex portion 320 is continuous in the wale direction.
The portion 310a forming the portion 10 is formed of a flat knitted fabric structure that is continuous in both the wale direction and the course direction. The other ground knitted fabric 340 is the same as that shown in FIG.
The other ground knitted fabric 3 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG.
Like 0, it is formed from a flat knitted fabric structure that is continuous in both the wale direction and the course direction. In addition, the connecting yarn 350 is formed more in the concave portion 31 than in the convex portion 320.
The arrangement density of the parts forming 0 is slightly denser. Other conditions are exactly the same as in the second embodiment.

Also in this embodiment, since the convex portion 320 which is the main elastic portion is partially formed, it has the same characteristics as the second embodiment. That is, as shown in FIG. 12, the load characteristic of the three-dimensional knitted fabric 300 having the same structure as that of the present embodiment (Example 4) has a lower spring constant and a lower hysteresis loss than the conventional one. Are smaller and the linearity is higher. However, Embodiment 1
The reason why the spring constant is higher than those of the other embodiments shown as Nos. 3 to 3 is because the arrangement density of the connection yarns is high while using the connection yarns having the same diameters as in Examples 1 and 2.

The three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabrics 10, 100, 200, 300 according to each of the above-described embodiments are stretched on a seat frame of various seats such as a vehicle seat for an automobile or a train, an office chair, and a furniture chair. It is suitable for use as a cushion material or a skin material. However, it is preferable to stretch the seat frame at an elongation of less than 5%. Thus, a structure having spring characteristics similar to characteristics of human muscles as shown in FIG. 13 described later can be obtained. Further, in the above-described second to fourth embodiments, the convex portion is used as the main elastic portion, and in consideration of ease of manufacture and characteristics exhibited particularly when used for an automobile seat, such a configuration is adopted. However, by changing the thickness of the connecting yarn or ground yarn, or changing the knitting structure, it is possible to make the concave portion a main elastic part with a high compression elastic modulus and exhibit properties comparable to the above. It is.

(Examples) The three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted articles 10, 100, 200, and 300 according to the first to fourth embodiments were manufactured under the following conditions.

Example 1 (3D knitted fabric 10 of the first embodiment) Knitting machine: Double Russell knitting machine (9 gauge / 2.54 cm,
Distance between kettles 15 mm) Wale density: 10 pieces / 2.54 cm Course density: 14 pieces / 2.54 cm Finished thickness (distance between surfaces of the pair of ground knitted fabrics 20 and 30): 11.5 mm One ground knitted fabric 20 Ground yarn: 1170 dtex / 96f polyester / BCF multifilament (crimped yarn) Ground yarn of the other ground knitted fabric 30: 660 dtex / 192f polyester / BCF multifilament (crimped yarn) Connecting yarn 40: 660 decitex / 1f polyester One ground knitted fabric 20 (band-shaped knitted fabric portion 21 and connecting portion 2
Structure of 4): Changed structure of two-course mesh Structure of other ground knitted fabric 30: Queen's cord Total thickness of stitch formed by ground yarn and connecting yarn of one ground knitted fabric 20: 1830 dtex (partly) (3,000 decitex) Total thickness of the stitch formed by the ground yarn and the connection yarn of the other ground knitted fabric 30: 1980 decitex Compression rate of ridge 23: 49.5% Compressive modulus of ridge 23: 98.8 % Difference in compression ratio between the ridge portion 23 and other portions: 5.2% Width of the belt-shaped knitted fabric portion 21: 6 wales Width of the space portion 22: 1 wales

Example 2 (Three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric 100 of second embodiment) Knitting machine: Double Russell knitting machine (9 gauge / 2.54 cm,
Distance between kettles 15 mm) Wale density: 10 pieces / 2.54 cm Course density: 14 pieces / 2.54 cm Finished thickness (distance between surfaces of a pair of ground knitted fabrics):
11.5 mm Ground yarn of one ground knit: 1170 dtex / 96f polyester / BCF multifilament (crimped yarn) Ground yarn of the other ground knit: 660 dtex / 192f polyester / BCF multifilament (crimped yarn) ) Connecting yarn 40: 660 decitex / 1f polyester One ground knitted fabric 20 (band-shaped knitted fabric portion 21 and connecting portion 2
Structure of 4): Changed structure of two-course mesh Structure of other ground knitted fabric 30: Queen's cord Total thickness of stitch formed by ground yarn and connecting yarn of one ground knitted fabric 20: 1830 dtex (partly) (3000 decitex) Total thickness of the stitch formed by the ground yarn and the connection yarn of the other ground knitted fabric 30: 1980 decitex Compression rate of convex portion 120: 57.9% Compressive modulus of convex portion 120: 98.8 % Difference in compression ratio between convex portion 120 and concave portion 110: 57.8% Vibration welding condition of concave portion 110: pressure 18.2 kgf / m
^2. Amplitude: 1.0 mm, time: 1.2 sec. Width of convex portion 120: 5 wales Width of concave portion 110: 2 wales

Example 3 (Three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric 200 of third embodiment) Knitting machine: Double Russell knitting machine (9 gauge / 2.54 cm,
Wafer density: 9.8 strands / 2.54 cm Course density: 12.8 strands / 2.54 cm Finished thickness (distance between the surfaces of the pair of ground knitted fabrics 230 and 240): 12.05 mm Ground yarn of the ground knitted fabric 230: 1170 dtex / 384f Ground yarn of the other ground knitted fabric 240: 560 dtex / 70f Connecting yarn 250: 560 decitex / 1f Structure of one ground knitted fabric 230: 1 repeat 2 course mesh Structure of the ground knitted fabric 240: Queen's cord Total thickness of the stitch formed by the ground yarn and the connecting yarn of one ground knitted fabric 230: 1730 decitex Formed by the ground yarn and the connecting yarn of the other ground knitted fabric 240 Total thickness of stitches to be made: 1120 decitex Compression ratio of convex 220 Compressive modulus of 89.1 percent protrusion 220: difference in compression rate is 100% protrusions 220 and recesses 210: 89.0% recess 210 vibration welding conditions: pressure 21.7kgf / m
^2. Amplitude: 1.0 mm, time: 1.0 sec. Width of projection 220: 6 wales Width of recess 210: 2 wales

Example 4 (three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric 300 of fourth embodiment) Knitting machine: Double Russell knitting machine (9 gauge / 2.54 cm,
Wafer density: 9 / 2.54cm Course density: 13.5 / 2.54cm Finished thickness (distance between the surfaces of the pair of ground knitted fabrics 330 and 340): 11.5mm One ground knit Ground yarn of ground 330: 1170 dtex / 96f Ground yarn of other ground knitted fabric 340: 660 dtex / 192f Connecting yarn 350: 660 decitex / 1f Structure of one ground knitted fabric 330: One repeat 4-course mesh The concave portion 310 is deformed by W atlas. The structure of the other ground knitted fabric 340: Queen's cord The total thickness of the stitch formed by the ground yarn and the connecting yarn of the one ground knitted fabric 330: 2050 dtex (partly 3,220 dtex) Formed by the ground yarn and the connection yarn of the ground knitted fabric 340. Total thickness of knitted stitch: 1540 decitex Compression ratio of convex portion 320: 20.0% Compression modulus of convex portion 320: 94.3% Difference in compression ratio between convex portion 320 and concave portion 310: 6.8% concave portion Vibration welding condition of 310: Pressure 18.2kgf / m
^2. Amplitude 1.0 mm, time 1.2 sec. Width of convex portion 320: 9 wales Width of concave portion 310: 3 wales

The three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabrics of Examples 1 to 4 were stretched between side frames forming a seat cushion portion of an automobile seat, and load characteristics were measured and compared with human muscle load characteristics. Each three-dimensional knitted fabric was stretched so that the course direction was along the direction of the gap between the side frames.
The tension was set at an elongation of 0%.

The measurement was performed using a circular compression plate having a diameter of 98 mm.
This was performed by pressing the three-dimensional knitted fabric up to 100 N at a speed of 50 mm / min. FIG. 13 shows the results. Also,
The human hip muscles were similarly compressed with a circular compression plate having a diameter of 98 mm, and the load characteristics were measured.
It was shown to.

As is clear from FIG.
Has a small hysteresis loss and high linearity, and has characteristics similar to those of a human hip. Further, the spring characteristics of Examples 2 to 4 in which the uneven portion is formed are more similar to the characteristics of the buttocks as compared with Example 1, and the desired characteristics can be more easily obtained by forming the uneven portion. I knew it could be done.

Although there is almost no difference in the spring characteristics between the second embodiment and the third embodiment, the total thickness of the stitch formed by the ground yarn and the connecting yarn is smaller in the third embodiment. The feeling of contact on the surface of the ground knitted fabric was soft because of the weak plugging force.

[0057]

According to the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric of the present invention, the three-dimensional knitted fabric partially has a main elastic portion exhibiting a main restoring force against compressive deformation, that is, has two or more types of portions having different compression ratios. However, a portion having a high compression ratio is a main elastic portion that exerts a main restoring force against compressive deformation. Therefore, compared to the conventional three-dimensional knitted fabric formed to have uniform elasticity over the entire surface, the spring feeling can be softened, and when this is stretched on the seat frame, it approximates the spring characteristics of muscles such as human buttocks. Soft elastic structure. In addition, despite the soft elastic structure, the necessary restoring force can be exerted by the presence of the connecting yarn. In addition, by adopting a configuration in which the uneven portions are formed, it is possible to provide a three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric that can easily achieve the effect.
Furthermore, as compared with a structure in which a flexible polyurethane slab foam and a viscoelastic polyurethane foam are laminated, it is lightweight and has excellent air permeability.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a part of a three-dimensional knitted fabric according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing one ground knitted fabric according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the other ground knitted fabric of the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a part of a three-dimensional knitted fabric according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a part of the three-dimensional knitted fabric according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a view schematically showing a substantially arch-shaped spring element for explaining the operation of the second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a part of a three-dimensional knitted fabric according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a part of a three-dimensional knitted fabric according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing one ground knitted fabric of the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of a conventional three-dimensional knitted fabric.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing the load-displacement characteristics of the three-dimensional knitted fabric itself according to each example.

FIG. 13 is a graph showing a load-displacement characteristic in a state where the three-dimensional knitted fabric according to each embodiment is stretched on a seat frame.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10, 100, 200, 300 Three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric 20, 230, 330 One ground knitted fabric 30, 240, 340 The other ground knitted fabric 21 Band-shaped knitted fabric 23 Ridge 40, 250, 350 Connecting yarn 110, 210, 310 concave portion 120, 220, 320 convex portion

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Shizuto Tsumura 1-2-10 Yanoshinmachi, Aki-ku, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima Prefecture Inside Delta Touring Co., Ltd. 2-10, Delta Touring Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Eiichi Koyama 1-5-8 Ohori, Matsubara-shi, Osaka Sumie Textile Co., Ltd. (72) Yoshio Tsumura 1-5-8 Ohori, Matsubara-shi, Osaka Sumie Textile Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kazuhiro Ueda 1-5-8 Ohori, Matsubara-shi, Osaka Sumie Textile Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 3B096 AA01 AB07 AD04 BA02 4L002 AA07 AB02 CA01 CB01 EA00 FA06

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. A three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric formed by connecting a pair of ground knitted fabrics spaced apart from each other with a connecting yarn, wherein the main elasticity exhibits a main restoring force against compressive deformation. Department
A three-dimensional knitted fabric characterized by being partially formed. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the portion has two or more types of portions having different compression ratios, and a portion having a high compression ratio is configured as a main elastic portion which exerts a main restoring force against compression deformation. 3. The three-dimensional knitted fabric according to 1. 3. The compression ratio of the main elastic portion is in the range of 20% to 90%, and the compression elasticity is in the range of 75% to 100%. 5
% Or more. 4. The three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric according to claim 3, wherein the thickness of the main elastic portion is in a range of 5 to 30 mm. 5. A ratio of the main elastic portion to a unit area per unit area when projected onto a plane, which is 30 to 90% / m.
The three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the range is ² . 6. The three-dimensional knitted fabric according to claim 1, wherein the main elastic portion is formed by preparing a knitting structure. 7. The knitting structure includes the arrangement density of connecting yarns, the thickness of connecting yarns, the length of connecting yarns, the material of connecting yarns, the stitch shape of the ground knitted fabric, the stitch size of the ground knitted fabric, and the ground knitting. The material of the ground yarn constituting the ground, and any one of the tightening forces at the joint portion between the connecting yarn and the ground knitted fabric or a combination of any two or more of the above-described materials. The three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric according to claim 6, characterized in that: 8. The three-dimensional solid according to claim 1, wherein at least one surface is provided with an uneven portion, and one of a concave portion and a convex portion is formed as the main elastic portion. knitting. 9. The concave portion is formed by joining the connecting yarns in a state where the pair of ground knitted fabrics are close to each other, and the convex portion constitutes a main elastic portion. The three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric according to claim 8, wherein 10. The three-dimensional solid body according to claim 9, wherein the concave portion is formed by any one of a welding unit, a bonding unit, a suturing unit, and a joining unit using a fusion fiber. knitting. 11. The three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric according to claim 10, wherein said concave portion is formed by vibration welding means. 12. A structure in which a main elastic portion composed of the convex portion is formed in a substantially arch shape in cross section between adjacent concave portions, and has a structure capable of utilizing the elasticity in a bending direction of the main elastic portion having the substantially arch shape in cross section. The three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that: 13. The arrangement density of the connecting yarns in the concave region is lower than the arrangement density of the connecting yarns in the convex region constituting the main elastic portion.
13. The three-dimensional knitted fabric according to any one of 12. 14. The tertiary according to claim 1, wherein the main elastic portions are arranged in a ridge, a lattice, or a staggered shape in an arbitrary direction along a plane. Former three-dimensional knitting.