JP2002336734A - Separation plate type centrifugal separator and separation plate used therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a separation plate for a separation plate type centrifugal separator in which the separation performance close to a theoretically calculated separation capacity can be obtained. SOLUTION: The separation plate for the separation plate type centrifugal separator has a rotating body rotating at a high speed; a cylindrical guide cylinder placed at the center of the rotating body and having a downwardly expanded diameter part; a plurality of liquid passage holes installed at the same intervals along the peripheral direction of the expanded diameter part of the guide cylinder; and a number of umbrella-shaped separation plates layered at specified intervals along the axis direction of the guide cylinder and provided with a plurality of liquid passage holes 3 placed at positions corresponding to the liquid passage holes of the guide cylinder and gap pieces 2 placed at the same intervals between the respective liquid passage holes. The gap pieces 2 are formed in rectangular shapes along the conical generating line of the separation plates 1, and liquid passage holes 3 of the separation plates are installed adjacently to the rear of the rectangular gap pieces in the rotating direction 4 of the separation plates.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a separation plate type centrifugal separator and a separation plate used for the same, and more particularly to a separation plate type centrifugal separator capable of increasing the separation efficiency and bringing the separation capability close to the theoretical calculation capability. The present invention relates to a separator and a separator used for the separator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Separating plate type centrifuges have large centrifugal forces and large sedimentation areas, and remove impurities in processing liquids in many industrial fields, including purification of marine diesel engine fuel oil and lubricating oil. For example, it is employed as a purifier for removing solid fine particles.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a rotating body of a self-discharge type (SJ type) separation plate type centrifuge which is a representative model of such a separation plate type centrifuge, and FIG. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the plate, and FIG. 8 is a view seen from above in FIG. FIG.
The rotating body 20 includes a rotating body 21 that rotates at a high speed, a cylindrical guide cylinder 22 that is disposed at the center of the rotating body 21 and has an enlarged diameter portion 23 below,
It mainly comprises a plurality of liquid passage holes 25 provided at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the enlarged diameter portion 23, and a large number of separation plates 26 stacked at predetermined intervals along the axial direction of the guide cylinder 22. Have been. As shown in FIG. 7, the separation plate 26 has a plurality of liquid passage holes 27 corresponding to a large number of liquid passage holes 25 provided along the circumferential direction of the enlarged diameter portion 23 of the guide cylinder 22 and the separation plate circulation. There are gap pieces 28 provided at equal intervals between the holes 27.

In FIG. 6, reference numeral 30 denotes a stock solution inlet pipe,
Is a rib provided on the guide cylinder 22, 32 is a rotating shaft, 3
3 is a cap nut for fixing the rotating body 21 to the rotating shaft 32, 34 is a valve cylinder, and 35 is a light liquid discharge passage.

The rotating body 20 of the separator centrifuge having such a structure rotates at a high speed of, for example, 9000 rpm. Along the outer circumference, and rotates together with the guide cylinder 22 by the action of the rib 31 to apply centrifugal force. The centrifugal force is applied, and the undiluted solution that has reached the vicinity of the outer periphery of the guide cylinder 22 flows into the liquid passage 25 of the guide cylinder 22, and the separation plate 26 is formed corresponding to the guide cylinder liquid hole 25. The liquid flows through the flow passage communicating with the liquid passage hole 27 as an upward flow. At this time, a part of the undiluted solution flows into the separation gap between the lowermost separation plate and the separation plate located above it, and the other part is separated from the bottom by two times.
It flows into the separation gap between the first separation plate and the separation plate located thereabove, and is subsequently distributed to and flows into the separation gap formed between the separation plates of the separation plate stack.

[0006] The undiluted solution flowing into the separation gap between the separation plates flows toward the center of the separation plate 26, and the solids settle on the lower surface of the upper separation plate forming the separation gap by centrifugal sedimentation. Moves in the outer circumferential direction along the lower surface of the separator, collects and accumulates with other solids, reaches the space around the separator laminate through the outer peripheral end of the separator, and deposits on the largest diameter portion in the rotating body. . The accumulated solids are periodically discharged by opening and closing the valve cylinder 34. On the other hand, the processing liquid from which the solids are separated (hereinafter also referred to as light liquid) is supplied to the lower separation plate 2 of the separation gap.
6 flows in the inner circumferential direction along the upper surface of the rotary body 20 through the light liquid discharge path 35 between the inner circumference of the separation plate 26 and the guide cylinder 22.
And recovered as a light liquid from which solids have been separated and removed.

[0007] Conditions for obtaining theoretical separation performance in such a separation plate type centrifugal separator include, for example, that the separation plate is dimensionally homogeneous, its surface is not damaged, and no turbulence is caused. That is, the undiluted solution to be processed is distributed from the guide cylinder by an equal amount to the gap between the separation plates and rotates at the same speed as the rotating body, and the undiluted solution distributed to the gap between the separation plates has the same circumference. Spread uniformly on the top, all particles on the same circumference flowing through the gap between the separation plates flow radially toward the center at a uniform speed, and the undiluted solution to be processed is completely homogenized And SS minutes (suspen
ded solid) is not condensed, and the apparent specific gravity is close to the true specific gravity.

[0008]

In the case of an ordinary liquid to be treated, the conventional separation plate-type centrifugal separator has been able to obtain the above-mentioned theoretically calculated separation capacity. A plate-type centrifugal separator has been required to have higher separation performance such as separation of a liquid to be treated containing finer particles, in which the separation capacity becomes insufficient. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a separation plate type centrifuge having a separation performance capable of separating even a liquid to be treated, which is insufficient with a conventional separation plate type centrifuge, and a separation plate used therefor. It is in.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has determined the relationship between the shape of the gap piece of the separation plate, the position of the liquid passage hole of the separation plate, and the diffusion state of the stock solution flowing between the separation plates. As a result of diligent research on, the gap pieces of the separation plate, a plurality of separation gaps separated by the strip-shaped gap pieces between adjacent separation plates as a strip along the conical generatrix of the cap-shaped separation plate. While forming, the liquid passage hole of the separation plate,
By providing each separation gap in the vicinity of the strip-shaped gap piece in front of the rotating body rotation direction, the entire centrifugal sedimentation area of the separation plate is uniformly used without impairing the constant speed rotation of the untreated liquid and the separation plate. The inventors have found that the present invention has been achieved.

That is, the invention claimed in the present application is as follows. (1) A rotating body that rotates at a high speed, a cylindrical guide cylinder that is disposed at the center of the rotating body, and has an enlarged diameter portion below, and an equal interval along the circumferential direction of the enlarged diameter portion of the guide cylinder A plurality of liquid passage holes provided at a predetermined interval along the axial direction of the guide cylinder, and a plurality of liquid passage holes provided at positions corresponding to the liquid passage holes of the guide cylinder; In a separator centrifuge having a cap-shaped separation plate having gap pieces disposed at equal intervals between liquid holes, the separation piece of the separation plate is formed along the conical generatrix of the separation plate. A plurality of gaps partitioned by the strip-shaped gap pieces are formed between the adjacent separation plates as strips, and the liquid passage holes are formed in the vicinity of the strip-shaped gap pieces in front of the rotating body rotating direction of each gap. A separator-type centrifugal separator, characterized in that it is provided in a centrifuge.

(2) A rotating body which rotates at a high speed, a cylindrical guide cylinder which is disposed at the center of the rotating body and has an enlarged portion below, and a circumferential direction of the enlarged portion of the guide tube. A plurality of liquid passage holes provided at equal intervals, and a plurality of liquid passage holes laminated at predetermined intervals along the axial direction of the guide cylinder, and provided at positions corresponding to the liquid passage holes of the guide cylinder. And a cap-shaped separation plate having gap pieces disposed at equal intervals between the liquid passage holes, and the separation plate of the separation plate type centrifugal separator, wherein the gap piece is formed as a conical bus of the separation plate. A separator plate of a separator-type centrifugal separator, characterized in that the separator plate passage hole is provided adjacent to the strip-shaped gap piece at the rear side in the rotation direction of the separator plate.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a separation plate of a separation plate type centrifugal separator showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a view from above. In the figure, the separating plate (disk) 1 has a hat-like shape made of, for example, stainless steel having a thickness of 0.5 mm, that is, a conical shape in which the upper end is cut off by a straight line parallel to the open bottom surface. A strip-shaped gap piece 2 is formed along the conical generatrix of the separation plate, and a separation plate liquid passage hole 3 is provided adjacent to the strip-shaped gap piece 2 behind the rotation direction of the separation plate. Reference numeral 5 denotes a notch for positioning with the guide tube. Reference numeral 4 denotes an arrow indicating the rotation direction of the separation plate.

When such a separating plate 1 is loaded into the main body of the rotating body, as shown in FIG.
A large number of the guide cylinders 6 are assembled and laminated so as to be fitted to positioning projections (not shown) provided on the outer surface thereof along the center axis of the guide cylinder 6, and a predetermined number, for example 100 The laminated body 8 constitutes a separator laminated body 8. At this time, the liquid passage hole 9 of the guide cylinder 6 is formed at a position communicating with the stock solution flow passage 10 with which the liquid passage hole 3 of the separation plate 1 communicates. The spacing between the separation plates 1 is determined by the strip-shaped gap pieces 2 provided on the separation plate 1.
For example, 0.6 mm.

The separator laminate 8 thus constructed
Is applied in the above-described rotary body main body shown in FIG. 6 to clean the stock solution, for example, to remove solids in the lubricating oil. Hereinafter, the operation of the separator centrifuge to which the separator of the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIG.

A rotating body of a centrifugal separator loaded with a separation plate laminated body 8 in which a predetermined number of the separation plates 1 of FIG. When the lubricating oil containing the lubricating oil is supplied, the lubricating oil flows in the outer circumferential direction along the lower surface of the enlarged diameter portion 7 of the guide cylinder 6 and at the same time acts together with the guide cylinder 7 by the action of the rib provided along the inner wall surface of the guide cylinder. It rotates at a high speed, for example, about 9000 rpm, and a centrifugal force is applied. A centrifugal force is applied to guide tube 6
The lubricating oil which has reached the vicinity of the outer periphery of the enlarged diameter portion 7 flows into the liquid passage hole 9 of the guide cylinder 6 and flows through the stock solution flow passage 10 formed in the separation plate laminated body 8 as an upward flow. ,
Formed between the separation plates from the liquid passage holes 3 of each separation plate 1;
The light liquid component is uniformly dispersed in the separation gap (hereinafter, also referred to as a unit separation area) partitioned by the strip-shaped gap pieces 2 and flows toward the center of the separation plate 1 while gathering with other light liquid particles.
It is recovered as lubricating oil after processing through a light liquid discharge passage (see FIG. 6) between the guide cylinder 6 and the inner diameter of the separation plate laminate 8. On the other hand, the solid component, which is a weight component, flows in the unit separation region along the flow of the light liquid in the direction of the center of the separator stack, and sediments on the lower surface of the upper separator 1 under centrifugal force. 1 moves along the lower surface of the separator 1 toward the outer periphery of the separation plate 1 while gathering with other solid particles, and is deposited in a space formed around the separation plate stacked body 8 and, if necessary or periodically. Is discharged.

According to the present embodiment, the gap piece of the separation plate 1 is formed in a strip shape, and the liquid passage hole 3 of the separation plate 1 is connected to the strip-shaped gap piece 2 in front of the rotation direction of the rotating body of each unit separation area. By providing a synergistic effect of being provided adjacent to, for example, separation of the liquid to be treated containing finer particles such as solids of 11 kinds of standard powders such as Kanto loam powder becomes possible, and stable separation performance is obtained. Obtainable. Therefore, for example, what has been conventionally subjected to two-stage separation processing can be processed in one stage, or the load of the second stage can be significantly reduced.

That is, according to the present embodiment, since the gap pieces of the separation plate 1 are formed in a strip shape, a plurality of unit separation regions partitioned by the strip-shaped gap pieces are formed between adjacent separation plates. The liquid to be treated that has flowed into the unit separation region is not affected by the liquid to be treated that has flowed into the adjacent unit separation region, and a state having a high centrifugal force is maintained, so that the separation efficiency is improved.

Further, since the liquid passage holes 3 of the separation plate 1 are provided adjacent to the strip-shaped gap pieces 2 in the rotation direction of the rotating body in each unit separation area, the liquid flows out of the liquid passage holes 3 and the unit separation is performed. The undiluted solution dispersed in the area is uniformly dispersed on the entire separation plate surface of the unit separation area, and the solid liquid separated from the light liquid and settled on the inner surface of the upper separation plate in the outer peripheral direction of the separation plate is moved along the outer periphery. Since the chance of direct crossing between the supply and the distribution route of the undiluted solution can be significantly reduced, the separation efficiency of the solid content is improved. For example, organic substances in lubricating oil, inorganic compounds of 1 μm or less, metal powder, etc. Separation and removal can be performed efficiently.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the liquid passage hole of the guide cylinder enlarged-diameter portion and the separation plate is provided along the outer peripheral end thereof. Thereby, the effective sedimentation area of the separation plate can be widened. Further, it is preferable to perform a chamfering process on the outer peripheral portion of the upper surface of the strip-shaped gap piece. Thereby, the partition of the unit separation region from the adjacent unit separation region is completed, and the turbulence of the liquid to be treated is prevented, so that the separation efficiency can be improved.

Next, the principle of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 4B is an explanatory view showing a separation state of a centrifugal separator using a separation plate in which the liquid passage holes 3 are provided at the center between the gap pieces 2. In the figure, of the solids in the stock solution dispersed in the unit separation region from the liquid passage hole 3 of the separation plate 1,
For example, solid particles having a sedimentation start point at point a on the right side of the liquid passage hole 3 in the figure move inward (upward in the figure) across the front of the liquid passage hole 3 and move on the inner wall surface of the upper separation plate. The sedimentation proceeds, and reaches the inner wall surface of the separation plate, for example, at a point b where the sedimentation is completed. At this time, since the solid particles are directly affected by the flow of the undiluted solution supplied from the liquid passage hole 3, the distance to the sedimentation completion point b is much longer than in the case where it is not affected. Fine particles and particles having a smaller specific gravity difference from the light liquid are more susceptible to the flow of the undiluted solution, and the settling completion point b is farther away. And flows out of the separator laminate together with the light liquid. Also, the settling particles that reach the inner wall surface of the upper separation plate in the unit settling area and move along the inner wall surface in the outer peripheral direction of the separation plate (downward in the drawing) are also introduced from the liquid passage hole 3. Flow, so that a part of it flows in the inner circumferential direction of the separator plate along with the undiluted liquid flow, and is mixed into the light liquid despite being once separated,
There is a possibility that the separation efficiency is reduced. As described above, when the liquid passage hole 3 is provided substantially at the center of the two strip-shaped gap pieces 2 forming the unit sedimentation area, the sedimentation start point a or the sedimentation completion point b is located at the right half of the liquid passage hole 3 in the drawing. Is directly affected by the undiluted solution flow, which hinders improvement in separation efficiency.

On the other hand, in the separator of the present invention shown in FIG. 4A, the liquid is passed adjacent to the gap piece on the upstream side in the rotating direction of the rotating body of the strip-shaped gap piece 2 forming the unit settling area. By providing the holes 3, for example, solid particles having a point a at the settling start point in the stock solution introduced and dispersed through the liquid passing holes 3 directly intersect with the stock solution flow introduced from the liquid passing holes 3. 4B, and moves in the inner circumferential direction along the flow of the stock solution, and settles toward the inner wall surface of the separation plate. Therefore, the influence of the stock solution flow on the solid particles is larger than that in the case of FIG. 4B described above. Much smaller. Therefore, if the solid particles have the same diameter, FIG.
The distance to the sedimentation completion point b is significantly shorter than in the case of (B). Also, when the solids particles after settling move to the outer periphery of the separation plate, they do not directly intersect with the undiluted solution flow, and therefore are not affected by the undiluted solution flow. By employing the separation plate of the present invention in this manner, the particle diameter of the solid content reaching the sedimentation completion point b by the inner peripheral end of the separation plate 1 becomes smaller than that in the case of FIG. Separation efficiency is improved.

Here, the effect on the separation efficiency of the provision of the liquid passage holes 3 adjacent to the strip-shaped gap pieces on the front side in the rotation direction of the unit settling area will be estimated.

Now, the inner diameter of the separation plate is 66φ and the outer diameter is 15 mm.
The sedimentation distance L when assuming that the solid particles move the shortest distance along the vertical generating line of the separation plate is 2φ (the liquid passage hole 3 is provided on the outermost shell of the separation plate, and the size of the liquid passage hole is L = (1/2). (152-66) = 4
3 (mm).

The moving speed V of the solid content in the stock solution is 1.62.
(M / sec), the residence time T of the solid particles in the unit settling region is T = L / V = 43 / (1.6)
2 × 100) = 0.265 (sec). Therefore,
The solid particles in the undiluted solution flowing out from the liquid passage hole 3 and dispersed around it are discharged together with the light liquid without sedimentation unless the sedimentation completion point is reached within 0.265 (sec). Will be.

Here, in the separation plate (FIG. 4B) in which the liquid passage holes 3 are provided at the centers of the strip-shaped gap pieces 2, solid particles affected by the undiluted liquid flow are supplied to the right side of the liquid passage holes 3 in the drawing. , Dispersed, 50% of the total, and assuming that 20% of them are entrained in the light liquid without being separated, (1−0.5 × 0.2) × 100 = 90 (%) (( 100/90) -1) × 100 = 11.1 (%), and by employing the present invention, the separation efficiency is about 1
0% improvement. In addition, in the separation performance test under the same conditions in which only the liquid passage hole and the gap piece of the separation plate were changed, the separation efficiency when the separation plate of the present invention was used was higher than that in the case where the separation plate of FIG. About 20%.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, the strip-shaped gap piece 2 may be provided at a predetermined angle with respect to the conical generatrix of the separation plate 1. Thereby, the sedimentation starting point a
The solid particles that have reached the sedimentation completion point b reach the strip-shaped gap piece 2 early, and thereafter move in the outer circumferential direction along the gap piece 2, so that the separated solid content particles receive The effect is reduced, and the separation efficiency of the solid content is further improved.

[0028]

According to the invention described in claim 1 of the present application,
A plurality of separation gaps separated by gap pieces are provided between the separation plates, and the liquid to be treated introduced into the separation gaps is not affected by the liquid to be treated that has flowed into the adjacent unit separation area, and has a high centrifugal force. A solid state particle can be maintained, and the flow path of the solid solution and the flow path of the solid content can be separated without directly crossing the movement path of the solid content particle with the stock solution flow. The distance to the settling completion point is shortened, and the separation efficiency is significantly improved.

According to the invention as set forth in claim 2 of the present application, similar to the above-mentioned invention, higher separation performance can be obtained as compared with the prior art.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a separation plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a separator laminate.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the principle of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of a rotating body of a separation plate type centrifuge.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a conventional technique.

FIG. 8 is an upward view of FIG. 7;

[Explanation of symbols]

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 separation plate 2 strip-shaped gap piece 3 liquid passage hole 4 arrow indicating rotation direction of separation plate 5 cutout portion 6 guide tube 7
... Diameter portion of guide cylinder, 8 ... Laminated plate of laminated body, 9 ... Liquid passage hole of guide cylinder, 10 ... Raw liquid flow passage, 20 ... Rotating body, 21 ... Rotating body body, 22 ... Guide cylinder, 23 ... Guide cylinder A diameter-enlarged portion of 25, a liquid passage hole of a guide cylinder, a separation plate, a liquid passage hole of a separation plate,
28: gap piece, 29: notch, 30: stock solution inlet pipe, 31
... Rib of guide tube, 32 ... Rotating shaft, 33 ... Cap nut, 34
... valve cylinder, 35 ... light liquid discharge path.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kiyoshi Satoru 3-29-G908, Kasama-cho, Sakae-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa-ken (72) Inventor Yasuhisa Tanaka 349-191, Fujikubo, Miyoshi-cho, Iruma-gun, Saitama F-term (reference) 4D057 AB01 AC01 AC06 AD01 AE02 AF03 BA14

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A rotating body that rotates at a high speed, a cylindrical guide cylinder that is disposed at the center of the rotating body and that has an enlarged diameter portion below,
A plurality of liquid passage holes provided at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the enlarged diameter portion of the guide cylinder, and a plurality of liquid holes are stacked at predetermined intervals along the axial direction of the guide cylinder, and the liquid passage of the guide cylinder is performed. A separation plate-type centrifugal separator having a plurality of liquid holes provided at positions corresponding to the holes and a cap-shaped separation plate having gap pieces arranged at equal intervals between the liquid holes, The gap pieces of the separation plate are formed in a strip shape along the conical generatrix of the separation plate to form a plurality of gap portions partitioned by the strip-shaped gap pieces between adjacent separation plates, and the liquid passage holes are formed. A separation plate-type centrifugal separator provided in the vicinity of the strip-shaped gap piece forward of each gap in the rotating direction of the rotating body. 2. A rotating body that rotates at a high speed, a cylindrical guide cylinder that is disposed at the center of the rotating body, and that has an enlarged diameter portion below the rotating body.
A plurality of liquid passage holes provided at equal intervals along a circumferential direction of the enlarged diameter portion of the guide cylinder; and a plurality of liquid passage holes stacked at predetermined intervals along an axial direction of the guide cylinder, and the liquid passage holes of the guide cylinder And a cap-shaped separation plate having a plurality of liquid holes provided at positions corresponding to the liquid holes and gap pieces arranged at equal intervals between the liquid holes, the separation plate-type centrifugal separator. In the plate, the gap piece is formed in a strip shape along the conical generatrix of the separation plate, and the separation plate liquid passage hole is provided adjacent to the strip-shaped gap piece in the rotation direction of the separation plate. Separating plate of centrifugal separator.