JP7311638B2 - centrifuge - Google Patents

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JP7311638B2
JP7311638B2 JP2021572232A JP2021572232A JP7311638B2 JP 7311638 B2 JP7311638 B2 JP 7311638B2 JP 2021572232 A JP2021572232 A JP 2021572232A JP 2021572232 A JP2021572232 A JP 2021572232A JP 7311638 B2 JP7311638 B2 JP 7311638B2
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separation
separation plate
plates
plate
gap
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JPWO2021149239A5 (en
JPWO2021149239A1 (en
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光治 永根
圭介 加治
彩花 羽住
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Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
    • B04B7/08—Rotary bowls
    • B04B7/12—Inserts, e.g. armouring plates
    • B04B7/14—Inserts, e.g. armouring plates for separating walls of conical shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/04—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with inserted separating walls
    • B04B1/08—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with inserted separating walls of conical shape

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Description

本発明は、被処理流体中に含まれる固形成分を分離する分離板型の遠心分離装置およびそのような遠心分離装置に用いられる分離板に関するものである。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a separating plate type centrifugal separator for separating solid components contained in a fluid to be treated and a separating plate used in such a centrifugal separator.

遠心分離装置は、回転軸の方向に、短冊状の間隙片により所定間隔の分離空隙を空けて多数積層された分離板が設けられ、上記分離空隙に流入した被処理流体が分離板の中心方向に向かって流れる際に、固形分等が遠心沈降によって分離板の外周方向に移動することにより分離されるようになっている（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。 In the centrifugal separator, a large number of separation plates are provided in the direction of the rotation axis with separation gaps at predetermined intervals formed by strip-shaped gap pieces. When the plate flows toward the plate, the solid content and the like move in the outer peripheral direction of the separation plate due to centrifugal sedimentation and are separated (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

特開２００２－３３６７３４号公報JP-A-2002-336734

上記のような分離板型の遠心分離装置で分離能力を向上させるためには、分離板の枚数を多くしたり、外径を大きくしたりすることが考えられるが、何れも装置の大型化を招くことになる。 In order to improve the separation capacity of the separating plate type centrifugal separator as described above, it is conceivable to increase the number of separating plates or to increase the outer diameter. will invite.

本発明は、上記の点に鑑み、遠心分離装置の大型化などを招くことなく、分離能力を向上させられるようにすることを目的としている。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above points, it is an object of the present invention to improve the separation performance without increasing the size of the centrifuge.

上記の目的を達成するため、本発明は、
回転容器と、上記回転容器の内部に所定の間隔を空けて積層された複数の分離板とを有し、被処理流体に含まれる比重が異なる成分を遠心力により分離する遠心分離装置であって、
上記分離板の表面に、積層された他の分離板との間に上記所定の間隔を保つ間隙部が設けられるとともに、上記複数の分離板における、上記間隙部の間の領域で、かつ、積層方向に互いに重なる位置に、所定のパターンの凸部または凹部の少なくとも一方が形成されていることを特徴とする。In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention
A centrifugal separator that has a rotating container and a plurality of separation plates stacked at predetermined intervals inside the rotating container, and separates components having different specific gravities contained in the fluid to be treated by centrifugal force, ,
On the surface of the separation plate, a gap that maintains the predetermined distance between the other laminated separation plates is provided, and in the region between the gaps in the plurality of separation plates, and At least one of a predetermined pattern of projections and recesses is formed at positions overlapping each other in a direction.

これにより、分離板の表面積が大きくなることによって、処理能力を大きくすることが容易にできる。 Thereby, the processing capacity can be easily increased by increasing the surface area of the separation plate.

本発明によれば、遠心分離装置の大型化などを招くことなく、分離能力を向上させられるようにすることを目的としている。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, it is an object of the present invention to improve the separation performance without increasing the size of the centrifugal separator.

遠心分離装置の要部の正面断面図である。It is front sectional drawing of the principal part of a centrifugal separator. 分離板の構成を示す斜視図である。4 is a perspective view showing the structure of a separation plate; FIG. 図２のIII－III線断面図である。3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 2; FIG. 他の分離板の構成を示す斜視図である。FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the configuration of another separation plate; さらに他の分離板の構成を示す斜視図である。FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the configuration of still another separation plate; またさらに他の分離板の構成を示す斜視図である。Further, it is a perspective view showing the configuration of still another separation plate.

以下、本発明の実施形態として、例えば船舶用ディーゼルエンジン機関の燃料油および潤滑油等の被処理流体である原液の清浄化や、各種の産業分野において、分級、分離操作などに用いられる分離板型遠心分離機である遠心分離装置について説明する。この分離板型遠心分離機は、回転体内に截頭円錐形状の薄板からなる分離板を案内筒の軸方向に沿って小間隙を有して多数積層して装着した竪型の遠心分離機であって、回転体内でスラッジ等を遠心力により分離するようになっている。上記スラッジは、被処理流体に含まれる比重の異なる固形物等であって、より詳しくは、遠心力で回転体内の最外径部側に分離・堆積される固形分である。 Hereinafter, as an embodiment of the present invention, for example, separation plates used for purification of undiluted liquids, which are fluids to be treated such as fuel oil and lubricating oil for marine diesel engines, and for classification and separation operations in various industrial fields A centrifugal separator, which is a type centrifugal separator, will be described. This separation plate type centrifuge is a vertical centrifuge in which a large number of separation plates made of truncated conical thin plates are laminated in the rotating body with small gaps along the axial direction of the guide cylinder. There, sludge and the like are separated by centrifugal force in the rotating body. The sludge is solid matter with different specific gravities contained in the fluid to be treated. More specifically, the sludge is solid matter separated and accumulated on the outermost diameter side of the rotating body by centrifugal force.

（分離板型遠心分離機の概略構成）
分離板型遠心分離機は、
回転軸に取り付けられて高速回転する回転容器の内部に、図１に示すように上部から供給される原液を回転容器内の最下部に向けて末広がりに導く案内筒１０５と、
上記原液におけるスラッジ等の各成分を比重差により分離するために、上記案内筒１０５の軸方向に小間隙を有して多数積層されて装着された分離板２０１とを有している。(Schematic configuration of separation plate type centrifuge)
The disc type centrifuge is
As shown in FIG. 1, a guide cylinder 105 that guides the undiluted solution supplied from the upper part to the bottom of the rotating container in a widening manner to the inside of the rotating container that is attached to the rotating shaft and rotates at high speed;
In order to separate each component such as sludge in the stock solution based on the difference in specific gravity, a large number of separation plates 201 are mounted with a small gap in the axial direction of the guide tube 105 .

上記のような分離板型遠心分離機に導入された原液は、分離板２０１間の間隙を上昇して流れていくうちに比重の大きい固形分はスラッジ堆積領域へ、油（軽液）は回転容器の中心側へと分離され、分離水は回転容器の上部に設けられた重液インペラより排出される。 As the undiluted liquid introduced into the separation plate type centrifuge as described above rises and flows through the gap between the separation plates 201, the solid content with high specific gravity goes to the sludge deposition area, and the oil (light liquid) rotates. The water is separated to the center side of the container, and the separated water is discharged from the heavy liquid impeller provided at the top of the rotating container.

（分離板２０１の詳細な構成と分離作用）
分離板２０１（ディスク）は、図２に示すように、例えば厚さ０．５ｍｍのステンレス鋼からなる笠状、すなわち上端部を開放底面に平行な平面で切除し、内周側に同平面内のリング状部２０１ａが設けられた円錐台形状を有している。上記分離板２０１の外周面には、分離板型遠心分離機に組み付けられたときに各分離板２０１の間隔を例えば０．６ｍｍに保つための間隙部として、分離板の円錐母線に沿った短冊状の間隙片２０２が設けられている。上記リング状部２０１ａの内周側の一部には、切欠部２０１ｂが形成され、図１に示す案内筒１０５に形成されたキー溝１０５ａとの間にキー２５１が挿入されることによって、分離板２０１の回転方向位置の位置決め（同期、回り止め）がなされるようになっている。なお、間隙片２０２は、短冊状に限らず、円形状や小判形などでもよい。さらに、間隙片が設けられるのに限らず、後述する凹凸部２０３等とは異なる凹凸が上下の分離板２０１で重ならないように形成されたりして、各分離板２０１の間隔が所定に保たれるようにされてもよい。また、凹凸が上下の分離板２０１で重なる位置に形成される場合でも、凸部の曲率半径よりも凹部の曲率半径の方が小さいことなどによって各分離板２０１の間隔が所定に保たれるようにされてもよい。(Detailed Configuration and Separation Action of Separation Plate 201)
As shown in FIG. 2, the separation plate 201 (disk) is made of stainless steel and has a thickness of 0.5 mm. has a truncated cone shape provided with a ring-shaped portion 201a. On the outer peripheral surface of the separation plate 201, a strip along the conical generatrix of the separation plate is provided as a gap portion for maintaining the distance between the separation plates 201 at, for example, 0.6 mm when assembled in the separation plate type centrifuge. A gap piece 202 is provided. A notch portion 201b is formed in a part of the inner peripheral side of the ring-shaped portion 201a, and a key 251 is inserted between the ring-shaped portion 201a and a key groove 105a formed in the guide cylinder 105 shown in FIG. Positioning (synchronization, anti-rotation) of the plate 201 in the rotational direction is performed. In addition, the gap piece 202 is not limited to the rectangular shape, and may be circular or oval. In addition to the provision of gap pieces, irregularities different from irregularities 203 to be described later are formed so that the upper and lower separation plates 201 do not overlap each other, thereby maintaining a predetermined interval between the separation plates 201. may be made available. Further, even when the unevenness is formed at the position where the upper and lower separation plates 201 overlap each other, the radius of curvature of the concave portion is smaller than the radius of curvature of the convex portion so that the interval between the respective separation plates 201 can be kept at a predetermined distance. may be made

ここで、上記のような分離板２０１の間に被処理流体を遠心分離によって処理する場合の分離能力（処理量）は、一般に、沈降面積、すなわち分離板２０１の表面積に比例する。そこで、分離能力を大きくするためには、通常、分離板２０１の枚数を多くしたり、外径を大きくしたりされる。これに対して、本実施形態の分離板２０１では、例えば短冊状の間隙片２０２の間の領域に、円弧状の凹凸部２０３が形成されている。すなわち、例えば図３に示すような波形の断面形状が現れる凹凸部２０３が形成されている。この場合、分離板２０１の外形寸法が同じでも、円錐面の表面積が大きくなるので、処理能力を大きくすることが容易にできる。それゆえ、例えば、粒子サイズが微少な場合などに高い処理能力を得ることも、容易にできる。 Here, the separation capacity (processing amount) when the fluid to be treated is treated by centrifugal separation between the separation plates 201 as described above is generally proportional to the sedimentation area, that is, the surface area of the separation plate 201 . Therefore, in order to increase the separation ability, the number of separation plates 201 is usually increased or the outer diameter is increased. On the other hand, in the separation plate 201 of the present embodiment, for example, arc-shaped uneven portions 203 are formed in the regions between the strip-shaped gap pieces 202 . That is, for example, an uneven portion 203 having a wavy cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. 3 is formed. In this case, even if the outer dimensions of the separation plate 201 are the same, the surface area of the conical surface is increased, so the processing capacity can be easily increased. Therefore, it is easy to obtain a high throughput when, for example, the particle size is very small.

（変形例）
分離板２０１の表面積を大きくするためには、図２に示したような円弧状の凹凸部２０３に限らず、例えば図４に示すような円錐形状の母線に沿った線分状の凹凸部２０３や、図５に示すようならせん状などの曲線状の凹凸部２０３が形成されてもよい。また、図６に示すような離散した島状の凹凸部２０４が形成されたりしてもよい。さらに、これらを含む種々の形状の凹凸部が組み合わされたりしてもよい。また、凹部と凸部とが形成されるのに限らず、凹部だけや、凸部だけが形成されたりしてもよい。ここで、分離板２０１における円錐台形状の底部側部分と頂部側部分とで凹凸部２０３等の密度を異ならせたりしてもよい。具体的には、例えば、頂部側部分には凹凸部２０３が設けられていない領域や粗である領域が設けられて、分離板２０１を円板材料から深絞りによって形成する際に頂部付近でしわなどが生じにくいようにしたりしてもよい。逆に、凹凸部２０３等を設けることによって、しわなどが吸収されるようにしてもよい。(Modification)
In order to increase the surface area of the separation plate 201, not only the arcuate concave-convex portion 203 as shown in FIG. Alternatively, curved uneven portions 203 such as a spiral shape as shown in FIG. 5 may be formed. Alternatively, discrete island-shaped uneven portions 204 as shown in FIG. 6 may be formed. Furthermore, uneven portions having various shapes including these may be combined. Moreover, it is not limited to forming a concave portion and a convex portion, and only a concave portion or only a convex portion may be formed. Here, the densities of the uneven portions 203 and the like may be different between the bottom side portion and the top side portion of the truncated cone shape in the separation plate 201 . Specifically, for example, a region where the uneven portion 203 is not provided or a rough region is provided on the top side portion, and when the separation plate 201 is formed from the disk material by deep drawing, wrinkles are formed near the top portion. and the like may be made difficult to occur. Conversely, wrinkles and the like may be absorbed by providing the uneven portion 203 or the like.

１０５ 案内筒
１０５ａ キー溝
２０１ 分離板
２０１ａ リング状部
２０１ｂ 切欠部
２０２ 間隙片
２０３ 凹凸部
２０４ 凹凸部
２５１ キー
105 guide tube 105a key groove 201 separation plate 201a ring-shaped portion 201b notch 202 gap piece 203 uneven portion 204 uneven portion 251 key

Claims (2)

回転容器と、前記回転容器の内部に、積層方向に所定の間隔を空けて積層された複数の円錐台形状を有する分離板とを有し、被処理流体に含まれる比重が異なる成分を遠心力により分離する遠心分離機であって、
前記分離板の表面に、積層された他の分離板との間に、前記所定の間隔を保つ円錐面の母線に沿った短冊状の間隙片が複数設けられ、
前記複数の間隙片が、前記分離板の表面の周方向に、所定の間隔を開けて設けられ、
前記複数の分離板が積層された状態で、前記間隙片の間の領域で、且つ前記領域における前記分離板の表面及び前記他の分離板の裏面に、所定のパターンの凸部及び凹部が形成され、
前記間隙片は、前記所定のパターンの凸部及び凹部が形成されていない領域で、且つ前記分離板の表面の平面上に形成され、
前記所定のパターンは、分離板の円錐面の母線に沿った線分状に形成されていることを特徴とする遠心分離機。 A rotating vessel and a plurality of separating plates having a truncated cone shape stacked at predetermined intervals in the stacking direction inside the rotating vessel, and centrifugal force separates components with different specific gravities contained in the fluid to be treated. A centrifuge that separates by
On the surface of the separation plate, a plurality of strip-shaped gap pieces are provided along the generatrix of the conical surface maintaining the predetermined distance between the other laminated separation plates,
The plurality of gap pieces are provided at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the surface of the separation plate,
In a state in which the plurality of separation plates are laminated, projections and depressions of a predetermined pattern are formed in regions between the gap pieces and on the front surface of the separation plate and the back surface of the other separation plate in the region. is,
The gap piece is formed on the plane of the surface of the separation plate in a region where the projections and recesses of the predetermined pattern are not formed,
The centrifugal separator, wherein the predetermined pattern is formed in a line segment along a generatrix of the conical surface of the separating plate. 前記凸部及び凹部は、前記円錐台形状の底部側よりも頂部側の方が、密度が小さく形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の遠心分離機。 2. The centrifugal separator according to claim 1, wherein the protrusions and recesses are formed to have a lower density on the top side than on the bottom side of the truncated cone.
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