JP2002315408A - Direct seeder - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a direct seeder capable of being simplified in the structure of a detecting means of mud hardness to reduce a cost. SOLUTION: This direct seeder is constituted by installing a land grading float 22 to a seeding device 4 connected to be lifting by power to the rear part of a traveling machine 1, a first sensor S1 for detecting upper and lower displacements of the land grading float, a disc 36 forced to the ground and a second sensor S2 for detecting upper and lower displacements of the disc 36 and a control means for controlling lifting of the seeding device 4 depending on the detected results of the first sensor S1 and the second sensor S2 to detect a mud hardness depending on the results of the first sensor S1 and the second sensor S2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a direct sowing machine in which a sowing apparatus for directly sowing rice seeds is connected to a rear part of a traveling machine so as to be able to drive up and down.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a direct sowing machine of this kind, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-127719, a vertical displacement of a leveling float is detected, and an automatic raising and lowering control of a sowing device is performed based on the detection result. To stabilize the seeding depth by detecting the hardness of the mud, and automatically adjust the covering pressure applied to the soil covering based on the detection result to ensure proper backfilling without excess or deficiency. The relative angle difference between the arm that swings up and down by supporting the wide and vertical ground rollers following the rice field and the arm that swings up and down by supporting the disk that enters the rice field is known. Is used to determine the amount of disc intruding into the rice field to determine the mud hardness.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned mud hardness detecting means, the fulcrum of the arm of the ground roller and the fulcrum of the disk are set concentrically, one arm supports the main body case of the potentiometer, and the other arm supports the main case of the potentiometer. A structure is employed in which the relative angle difference between the two arms is determined by connecting the operation shafts of the potentiometers, and the structure is complicated, the number of parts increases, and the cost increases.

[0004] It is a primary object of the present invention to provide a direct seeder capable of simplifying the structure of mud hardness detection means and reducing costs. To

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems [Structure, operation and effect of the invention according to claim 1]

(Structure) A direct sowing machine according to the first aspect of the present invention is a leveling float attached to a seeding device connected to a rear portion of a traveling body so as to be able to drive up and down, a first sensor for detecting the vertical displacement of the leveling float, and a ground bias. And a second sensor for detecting the vertical displacement of the disk, and a control unit for controlling the seeding device to move up and down based on the detection result of the first sensor. It is characterized in that it is configured to detect mud hardness based on the detection result.

(Operation) According to the above configuration, the first sensor detects the settlement amount of the leveling float,
The vertical position of the disk with respect to the fertilizer is detected by the second sensor, and the position of the rice field is calculated from the detection result of the first sensor. The mud hardness is calculated by calculating the amount of settlement of the disk relative to the rice field based on this. You can judge.

(Effects) Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the second sensor only needs to detect the vertical displacement of the disk, and the first sensor that determines the reference paddle surface controls the direct seeding device up and down. As a result, compared with the conventional mud hardness detecting means using a ground roller and a disk, the structure is simple, the number of parts can be reduced, and it can be implemented at low cost. .

[Structure, operation and effect of the invention according to claim 2]

(Structure) In the direct sowing machine according to the second aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the first aspect, a movable earth covering tool for backfilling the sowing groove is provided behind the sowing groove generator, and It is characterized by comprising a soil covering function adjusting means for automatically adjusting the earth covering function of the movable earth covering in accordance with the mud hardness detected based on the detection results of the first sensor and the second sensor.

(Function) According to the above configuration, if the field is hard, the soil covering function of the earth covering device is set high, and the fertilizing groove is reliably backfilled. Conversely, if the field is soft, the soil covering function of the earth covering material is set low. Thus, unnecessary disturbing of the seeding site by the soil covering device is suppressed.

(Effects) Therefore, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the above-mentioned effects of the first aspect of the invention can be obtained, and backfilling with appropriate covering soil according to the mud hardness of the field can be performed without excess or shortage. It is possible to perform direct sowing with a high germination rate.

[Structure, operation and effect of the invention according to claim 3]

(Structure) According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a direct sowing machine according to the first or second aspect, according to the mud hardness detected based on the detection results of the first sensor and the second sensor. It is characterized in that it is provided with a sensing load adjusting means for automatically adjusting a ground biasing force applied to the leveling float.

(Operation) According to the above configuration, if the field is hard, the ground biasing force applied to the leveling float is set to be strong, and stable lifting control is executed with less influence from the rough surface of the field. Is soft, the ground biasing force applied to the terrain float is set to be weak, and sensitive elevation control that does not unduly sink is executed.

(Effects) Therefore, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the above-mentioned effects of the first or second aspect of the present invention are provided, and at the same time, the seeding is performed by performing elevation control with appropriate sensitivity according to the mud hardness of the field. The depth can be stabilized.

[0017]

FIG. 1 shows an overall side view of a direct seeder according to the present invention. This direct sowing machine utilizes a riding type rice transplanter with a fertilizer application device. An elevating link mechanism 3 having a parallel quadruple link structure driven by a hydraulic cylinder 2 is provided at the rear of a four-wheel drive type traveling body 1. A seeding device 4 of a 6-row specification is connected via a vertically movable seeding device, and a fertilizer application device 5 is provided at the rear of the traveling machine 1. Incidentally, a riding type rice transplanter with a fertilizer is constructed by connecting a seedling planting device to the rear of the lifting link mechanism 3 instead of the sowing device 4.

As shown in FIG. 2 to FIG.
A vertically long connecting frame 6 detachably connected to the rear end of the elevating link mechanism 3 is provided at a front portion of the connecting frame 6. The main frame 7 made of a horizontally long rectangular pipe is provided with various mechanisms and structures for sowing described below.

A column 8 is erected from the left and right sides of the main frame 7, and a horizontal frame 9 is erected on the upper and lower intermediate portions of the column 8, and three seed hoppers 10 are arranged on the horizontal frame 9 in parallel. Supported. Each seed hopper 1
The reference numeral 0 denotes a two-row unit, and a pair of feeding mechanisms 11 are provided at a lower portion thereof.

The feed mechanism 11 includes a feed roll 12 that is driven to rotate about the horizontal axis. A feed drive shaft 13 horizontally and horizontally extending over each feed mechanism 11 is provided with a feed roll 12 of each strip. Linked and linked. The feed drive shaft 13 uses a crank mechanism 15, a swing arm 16, and two sets of one-way rotating clutches and a reverse rotation link mechanism on an input shaft 14 supported horizontally in the front-rear direction at right and left intermediate portions of the main frame 7. The push-pull rod 17 is pushed up and down by the rotation of the input shaft 14 in a certain direction, and the feeding drive shaft 13 is sequentially fed in the same direction by interlocking connection via well-known one-way transmission means (not shown). The feed roll 12 is rotated, so that the feed roll 12 is continuously and pulsatively driven in a predetermined feed direction. In addition,
The input shaft 14 is operatively connected to a working power take-out shaft 18 derived from the traveling body 1 so as to be driven at a speed synchronized with the traveling speed.

At the center of the main frame 7 and at the rear of the front-back support frame 21 fixed to three places on the left and right,
A rear portion of the leveling float 22 is pivotally connected around a fulcrum a within a predetermined range so as to be able to swing up and down within a predetermined range, and a pair of left and right groove producing devices 23 attached to each leveling float 22 and a feeding mechanism 11 of each strip are supplied. The seed rice, which is connected and connected by the hose 24 and is fed by the feeding mechanism 11, has
It is configured to be sown in the sowing groove formed in the above. An abacus bead-shaped grooved roller 62 is mounted at the rear end of a swing arm 61 extending rearward from the main frame 7 so as to freely rotate, and a drainage groove is formed on the rice field T simultaneously with the seeding operation. In addition, when draining a field, drainage is facilitated.

The sowing apparatus 4 configured as described above is adapted to be controlled to move up and down and perform rolling control following the rice field T. That is, of the three leveling floats 22, the central leveling float 22 (c) is used as a grounding sensor for detecting the height of the seeding device 4 with respect to the ground, and the vertical displacement of the front of the float is determined by the first sensor S consisting of a potentiometer.
1 and input to the control device 25 as shown in the block diagram of FIG. An electromagnetic control valve 26 for controlling the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is connected to the control device 25, and the central leveling float 22 (c)
The electromagnetic control valve 26 is operated in accordance with the change in the posture. That is, when the direct sowing device 4 is at a predetermined height with respect to the rice field T, the center leveling float 22 (c) is within a predetermined allowable height range including the front and rear horizontal, and in this state, the electromagnetic control valve 26 is in the neutral position. Is held. Also, when the direct sowing device 4 sinks against the rice field T, the central leveling float 22 (c)
When the ground pressure acting on the float increases and the front part of the float swings upward, and it is detected that the upward displacement exceeds an allowable amount, the electromagnetic control valve 26 is switched to the raised position. Also,
When the direct sowing device 4 starts to float on the rice field T, the contact pressure acting on the central leveling float 22 (c) is reduced and the float front is displaced downward, and this downward displacement exceeds the allowable amount. When detected, the electromagnetic control valve 26 is switched to the lowered position. As a result, the direct sowing device 4 is controlled so as to always maintain a predetermined height with respect to the rice field T, and the sowing depth is stabilized.

As shown in FIG. 7, a pulley 28 which is driven to rotate by an electric motor 27 is provided above the connecting frame 6, and a wire 29 connected to the pulley 28 and extending left and right is provided. It is connected to the left and right columns 8 via a spring 30, and when the pulley 28 is rotated in the forward and reverse directions, the whole direct sowing device 4 is pulled left and right via the spring 28 and tilted. ing.

An inclination sensor 31 is provided in the vicinity of the center of the main frame 7 to detect the inclination posture of the seeding device 4 in the left-right direction, and to detect an inclination exceeding an allowable range based on the horizontal posture. Then, the operation of the electric motor 27 is controlled so as to correct the inclination. As a result, even if the traveling machine body 1 is inclined left and right due to the unevenness of the cultivator, the seeding device 4 is always maintained horizontally left and right, and seeding at a uniform depth is performed on each strip.

The front end of a pair of left and right arms 7a extending forward from near the center of the main frame 7 is provided with a contact rubber 2a.
When the seeding device 4 is raised to the upper limit, the contact rubber 20 contacts the left and right lower links 3a of the lifting link mechanism 3 from below, so that the seeding device 4 is forcibly leveled. It is designed to be fixed in a posture.

Each of the leveling floats 22 is provided with a soil covering 33 for backfilling a seeding groove laid on a rice field with a trench generator 23. The earth covering device 33 is horizontally rotated around the vertical fulcrum b, and the inclination angle with respect to the body traveling direction is changed so that the earth covering function can be adjusted. It is automatically adjusted based on the following. That is, at the front end of the support arm 34 extending forward from the main frame 7, a swing arm 35 capable of freely swinging up and down around the fulcrum c is provided rearward, and the free end of the swing arm 35 is provided. The disk 36 which enters the rice field surface T is mounted so as to freely rotate, and a second sensor S2 using a potentiometer for detecting the vertical position of the disk 36 from the swing of the swing arm 35.
Is mounted on the support arm 34.

The information from the second sensor S2 indicates the vertical position of the disk 36 with respect to the seeding device 4,
From the position information of the rice field T which can be determined based on the information from the first sensor S1 and the information from the second sensor S2, the height position of the disk 36 with respect to the rice field T, in other words, the entry of the disk 36 into the rice field T The amount can be determined, and it is determined that the larger the amount of disk entry into the surface T, the softer the surface T, and the smaller the amount of disk entry into the surface T, the harder the surface T. Then, based on the mud hardness detected in this manner, the movable earth covering 33 is as follows.
The soil covering function is automatically adjusted.

An operation lever 37 that rotates integrally around the vertical fulcrum b is connected to the movable earth covering member 33. The spring 38 attached to the front end of the operation lever 37 causes the earth covering member 33 to move in the body forward direction. When the operation wire 39 connected to the rear end of the operation lever is pulled, the earth covering member 33 is moved in the body forward direction against the spring 38 by being urged in the direction along which the earth covering function is released. Swinging in a direction that intersects with, ie, a direction that enhances the soil covering function. A drive operation mechanism 40 for operating the operation wire 39 is provided on left and right stays 41 erected on the main frame 7.

More specifically, a sect gear 43 is connected to one end of a rotating shaft 42 laid across the right and left stays 41, and a pinion gear 45 driven by an electric motor 44 is engaged with the sect gear 43. The operation wires 39 linked to the earth coverings 33 are connected to six operation arms 46 projecting from the electric motor 4.
When the pinion gear 45 is rotationally driven by the four gears, the angle of each covering tool 33 is adjusted, and the covering function is changed.

The movable earth covering member 33 is set so as to change the earth covering function in three stages according to the mud hardness detected as described above, and the angle of the rotating shaft 42 is detected by a potentiometer 47. By doing so, the posture of the earth covering tool 33 is detected and fed back.

One of the operation arms 46 provided on the rotary shaft 42 is formed to be long. The front end of the long operation arm 46a is located in front of the center ground float 22 (c) as a ground sensor. Link 4 extending upward from the part
8 is connected to each other via a spring 49 and a wire 50, and is set such that the spring 49 is tensile-deformed as the detected mud hardness becomes harder, and the force for elastically urging the link 48 downward increases. Have been. In other words, the harder the field, the greater the reference grounding load of the central grounding float 22 (c) at the time of control neutrality, the less sensitive the control sensitivity is, and stable elevation control that is less affected by irregularities on the rice field T is performed. Conversely, the softer the field, the smaller the standard grounding load of the central grounding float 22 (c) when the control is neutral, the more sensitive the control sensitivity is, and the ascending / descending control in which undesired settlement is suppressed is performed.

As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, a supporting bracket 62 attached to the main frame 7 via a U-bolt 61 can swing up and down around a fulcrum d, and is urged downward by a spring 63. The support arm 64 is attached, and the rear end of the support arm 64 is provided with an abacus bead-shaped grooving roller 6.
5 is mounted so as to be freely rotatable, and a drainage ditch is formed on the rice field T at the same time as the seeding operation, so that the water can be quickly drained later when the water in the field is dropped. The lowering limit of the support arm 64 can be adjusted by contact with the stopper bolt 66.

The fertilizer applicator 5 is provided with a fertilizer hopper 51 for storing granular fertilizer at a rear portion of the driver's seat 19 of the traveling machine body 1, and a rotary feeding mechanism 5 provided below the fertilizer hopper 51.
2 is conveyed by wind from an electric blower 53 by wind blown from an electric blower 53, and supplied to a pair of left and right groove forming devices 55 on each of the leveling floats 22 via a transfer hose 54. Are driven by the power of the traveling system. In addition, the earth covering material 32 for backfilling the fertilizer application groove formed on the rice field T is
Mounted on the bottom of the

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a direct seeding machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the seeding device.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway side view showing a main part of the seeding apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a main part of the seeding device.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the entire sowing unit of the sowing apparatus.

FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of a sowing apparatus.

FIG. 7 is a rear view of the seeding device.

FIG. 8 is a side view of a mud hardness detection site.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of a mud hardness detection site.

FIG. 10 is a rear view showing the entire driving operation mechanism of the earth covering device.

11 is a sectional view taken along the line II in FIG.

12 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along a line in FIG. 10. (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along a line in FIG.

FIG. 13 is a plan view of a grooving roller.

FIG. 14 is a side view of a grooving roller.

FIG. 15 is a control block diagram.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Traveling body 4 Seeding device 22 Leveling float 23 Grooving device 33 Covering material 36 Disk S1 1st sensor S2 2nd sensor

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (72) Yoshiaki Sonoda 64, Ishizukitamachi, Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture Inside the Kubota Sakai Works (72) Inventor Akio Kashii 64, Ishizukitamachi, Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture Kubota Sakai Co., Ltd. Inside the factory (72) Inventor Tetsuya Matsumura 64 Ishizukita-machi, Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture Inside the Kubota Sakai Factory (72) Inventor Kimihiko 64 Ishizukita-machi, Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture F-term in the Kubota Sakai Factory (Reference) ) 2B054 AA15 BB01 CA04 CB03 EA13 EA22 2B063 AB01 BB04 CB06

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A leveling float, a first sensor for detecting the vertical displacement of the leveling float, a ground-biased disk, and a vertical displacement of the disk. A second sensor for detecting, and a control unit for raising and lowering the seeding device based on a detection result of the first sensor, and detecting mud hardness based on a detection result of the first sensor and the second sensor. A direct sowing machine characterized by being constituted. 2. The direct sowing machine according to claim 1, further comprising a movable earth covering member for refilling the sowing groove behind the sowing groove generator, and a detection result of the first sensor and the second sensor. A direct sowing machine comprising soil covering function adjusting means for automatically adjusting the soil covering function of a movable earth covering tool according to the mud hardness detected based on the soil hardness. 3. The direct sowing machine according to claim 1, wherein a ground contact urging force applied to the leveling float in accordance with mud hardness detected based on detection results of the first sensor and the second sensor. A direct loader, comprising a sensing load adjusting means for automatically adjusting the load.