JP2002311016A - Method and device for monitoring water quality, and method and device for monitoring gas quality - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To correctly and easily monitor the state of the water quality without requiring any complicated appliances, limiting the scope, nor using a sensor using any special microorganism species. SOLUTION: This water quality monitoring device comprises a breeding vessel 10 for breeding organisms 0 inhabiting in water to be monitored, a water feed pipe 1 for feeding water to be monitored in the breeding vessel 10, a water discharge pipe 7 for discharging water to be monitored from the breeding vessel 10, physical and chemical sensors 4, 5 and 6 which are installed on at least one part in the water feed pipe 1 passage, the water discharge pipe 7 passage and the breeding vessel 10 for measuring the physical and chemical quantities on the water quality, a determining means 8 which monitors the active state of the organisms 0 to determine presence/absence of any abnormality in the water quality by determining the situation according to the rule determined in advance on the value measured by the physical and chemical sensors 4, 5 and 6, and an alarming means 9 for output the alarm to the outside when any abnormality is determined by the determining means 8.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for monitoring the quality of water, such as water and sewage, and the quality of air in an environmental atmosphere. Without limiting the range and without using sensors with special microbial species, water quality,
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a water quality monitoring method and apparatus, and an air quality monitoring method and apparatus capable of accurately and easily monitoring the state of air quality.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method of monitoring the state of water quality, for example, water and sewage, a living thing such as a fish growing in a breeding container such as an aquarium is imaged by an imaging device as a monitoring target.
The quality of the water is monitored by a visual method, for example, by performing image processing on the imaging signal.

[0003] Also, special microorganisms are held in the sensor section,
Water quality is monitored while monitoring changes in sensor output values.

[0004]

However, the monitoring of water quality by the above-mentioned visual technique requires complicated equipment such as imaging of the monitoring target and performing image processing, and the like, because the breeding container becomes dirty or the like. There are problems such as difficulty in seeing, and it is difficult to accurately monitor water quality. In addition, monitoring of water quality by a sensor using a special microorganism species has problems that not only maintenance is difficult but also the application range is limited.

[0005] It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the need for complicated equipment, to limit the scope of application, and to use sensors using special microorganism species.
An object of the present invention is to provide a water quality monitoring method and apparatus capable of accurately and easily monitoring the state of water quality.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide an airless system without the need for complicated equipment, without limiting the scope of application, and without using sensors using special microorganism species. It is an object of the present invention to provide an air quality monitoring method and apparatus capable of accurately and easily monitoring a quality state.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, in a breeding container for breeding organisms living in water to be monitored, Let some water pass, before and after the breeding container,
Alternatively, the physical and chemical changes in the quality of the water to be monitored caused by biological activities in the container are measured, and the difference between the measured values before and after the passage of the breeding container or in the container is measured. Alternatively, by measuring the absolute value of each measurement value, the activity state of the living thing is remotely monitored, and the state of the water quality is monitored.

Accordingly, in the water quality monitoring method according to the present invention, a physical change amount and a chemical change amount relating to water quality caused by the activity of living organisms are measured, and before and after passing through the breeding container. Alternatively, by measuring the difference between each measured value in the container or the absolute value of each measured value, by remotely monitoring the activity state of the organism and monitoring the state of the water quality, as described above, It is possible to accurately monitor the state of water quality without requiring complicated equipment, without limiting the scope of application, and without using a sensor using a special microorganism species.

In the invention corresponding to claim 2, the air to be monitored is passed through a sealed breeding container for breeding organisms living in the air to be monitored, and After passing, or inside the container, measure the amount of physical change and the amount of chemical change related to the quality of the air to be monitored caused by biological activities, before and after passing through the closed breeding container, or inside the container. By measuring the difference between the measured values or the absolute value of each measured value, the activity of the living thing is monitored remotely, and the state of the air quality is monitored.

Therefore, in the air quality monitoring method according to the second aspect of the present invention, a physical change amount and a chemical change amount related to air quality caused by the activity of living things are measured, and before and after passing through the breeding container. Alternatively, by measuring the difference between each measured value in the container or the absolute value of each measured value, the activity state of the living thing can be monitored remotely, and the air quality condition can be monitored. It is possible to accurately monitor the condition of air quality without requiring complicated equipment, without limiting the scope of application, and without using sensors using special microorganism species. .

[0011] On the other hand, in the invention according to claim 3, a breeding container for breeding organisms living in the water to be monitored, a water injection pipe for feeding the water to be monitored into the breeding container, A drain pipe for discharging water to be monitored from the container, and installed in at least one place in the water injection pipe, drain pipe, and breeding container. Physical and chemical sensors that measure physical quantities, and monitoring the status of living organisms by judging the situation according to predetermined rules for the measurement values measured by the physical and chemical sensors And a warning means for outputting a warning to the outside when the determination means determines that there is an abnormality.

Therefore, in the water quality monitoring apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, the physical quantity and the chemical quantity relating to the water quality in at least one of the water injection pipe, the drain pipe, and the breeding vessel are determined. As described above, by measuring with a chemical sensor and judging the situation according to a predetermined rule for the measured value, monitoring the activity state of living things and judging whether there is an abnormality in water quality, as described above It is possible to accurately monitor the state of water quality without requiring any special equipment, without limiting the application range, and without using a sensor using a special microorganism species.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an airtight breeding container for breeding an organism living in the air to be monitored, and an intake pipe for feeding the air to be monitored into the airtight breeding container. An exhaust pipe for exhausting air to be monitored from the sealed breeding container, and an intake pipe, an exhaust pipe, and a physics relating to the quality of the air to be monitored at the location, which are installed in at least one place in the sealed breeding vessel. Monitors the activity of living organisms by judging the situation according to predetermined rules based on physical and chemical sensors that measure physical and chemical quantities and the values measured by physical and chemical sensors Determining means for determining the presence or absence of an abnormality in the quality of the air to be monitored; and alarm means for outputting an alarm to the outside when the determining means determines that there is an abnormality.

Accordingly, in the air quality monitoring apparatus according to the invention, the physical quantity and the chemical quantity relating to the air quality in at least one of the intake pipe, the exhaust pipe, and the closed breeding container are determined. And chemical sensors,
By using the measured values to determine the situation according to predetermined rules, the activity of living things is monitored and the presence or absence of abnormal air quality is determined, thus requiring complicated equipment as described above. It is possible to accurately monitor the state of air quality without limiting the scope of application and without using a sensor using a special microorganism species.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the water quality monitoring apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, the quality of the water to be monitored is changed in the water injection pipe when necessary before measurement or the like. In addition, a means for adding a substance or an organism that feeds on an organism kept in a rearing container is added.

Therefore, in the water quality monitoring apparatus according to the invention, a substance or an organism serving as a feed for the creature bred in the breeding container is added when necessary, such as before measurement.
By measuring the amount of change that varies depending on the creature in the breeding container, the activity of the creature can be monitored remotely, and the change in water quality can be more accurately monitored.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the air quality monitoring apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the quality of the air to be monitored is changed in the intake pipe when necessary before measurement or the like. As described above, a means for adding a substance or an organism that becomes a feed of an organism raised in a closed breeding container is added.

Therefore, in the temperament monitoring apparatus according to the present invention, a substance or an organism serving as a feed for an organism bred in a closed breeding container is added when necessary, such as before measurement, and the inside of the breeding container is added. By measuring the amount of change that varies with the organism, the activity of the organism can be monitored remotely, and changes in air quality can be more accurately monitored.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the water quality monitoring device according to the third or fifth aspect, the determination means includes a measurement value measured by a physical or chemical sensor. The presence or absence of an abnormality in the quality of the water to be monitored is determined by comparing with a predetermined reference value and determining whether the value is higher or lower than the predetermined reference value.

Therefore, in the water quality monitoring apparatus according to the present invention, the measured value measured by the physical or chemical sensor is compared with an absolute reference value which is a predetermined reference value. By judging whether the value is higher or lower than the judgment reference value, it is possible to more accurately monitor the state of the water quality by judging the presence or absence of abnormality in the water quality.

In the invention according to claim 8, in the temperament monitoring apparatus according to claim 4 or claim 6, as the determination means, a measurement value measured by a physical or chemical sensor is used. The presence or absence of an abnormality in the quality of the air to be monitored is determined by comparing with a predetermined reference value to determine whether the value is higher or lower than the reference value.

Therefore, in the temperament monitoring apparatus according to the present invention, the measured value measured by the physical or chemical sensor is compared with an absolute reference value which is a predetermined reference value. By judging whether the air condition is higher or lower than the judgment reference value, it is possible to more accurately monitor the air quality state by judging whether or not the air quality is abnormal.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the water quality monitoring apparatus according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the determining means performs the determination while changing the criterion value over time. Like that.

Therefore, in the water quality monitoring apparatus according to the ninth aspect of the present invention, when determining whether there is an abnormality in water quality, the relative reference value, which is a determination reference value, is determined as time passes. , By making changes while changing the periodic reference value, taking into account changes in water quality due to changes in living habits (feeding, movement, sleep, etc.) of the creatures kept in the breeding container, and changes in the time period Thus, the monitoring of the state of the water quality can be performed more accurately.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the temperament monitoring apparatus according to the eighth aspect, the determining means performs the determination while changing the determination reference value over time. Like that.

Therefore, in the air quality monitoring apparatus according to the present invention, when determining whether or not there is an abnormality in air quality, the relative reference value which is a determination reference value is determined as time passes. By making judgments while changing the periodic reference value, it is possible to detect changes in the living habits (feeding, movement, sleep, etc.) of the creatures bred in the breeding container, and changes in air quality due to chronological fluctuations. In consideration of this, the monitoring of the air quality can be performed more accurately.

On the other hand, in the invention according to claim 11, in the water quality monitoring apparatus according to any one of claims 3, 5, 7, and 9,
Chemical sensors include turbidity, suspended solids, plankton, oxygen, carbon dioxide, P
At least one of H, nitrogen compound amount, temperature, BOD (biochemical oxygen demand), COD (chemical oxygen demand), and other various ion concentrations is measured.

Therefore, in the water quality monitoring device according to the present invention, when it is determined whether or not there is any abnormality in the quality of the water, the turbidity, the amount of suspended matter, the amount of plankton, the amount of oxygen, and the amount of carbon dioxide in the water are determined. , PH, nitrogen compound amount, temperature, BOD
(Biochemical oxygen demand), COD (Chemical oxygen demand), and other various ion concentrations at least one physical quantity or chemical quantity is measured to monitor the state of water quality from various viewpoints. Can be done accurately.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air quality monitoring apparatus according to any one of the fourth, sixth, eighth, and tenth aspects, wherein As the sensor, at least one of turbidity, suspended matter amount, small insect amount, oxygen amount, carbon dioxide amount, temperature, humidity, odor, SOx amount, NOx amount, and other chemical amount in the air to be monitored. Physical and chemical quantities are to be measured.

Therefore, in the air quality monitoring device according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, when determining the presence or absence of an abnormality in air quality, the turbidity in air, the amount of suspended matter, the amount of small insects, the amount of oxygen, the amount of dioxide, Carbon amount, temperature, humidity, odor, SOx amount, NOx amount,
By measuring at least one physical quantity or chemical quantity among other chemical substance quantities, it is possible to accurately monitor the state of air quality from various viewpoints.

On the other hand, in the invention corresponding to claim 13, the above-mentioned claim 3, claim 5, claim 7, claim 9, and claim 1
In the water quality monitoring device of the invention according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, shellfish such as clams are used as living organisms in the water to be monitored.

Accordingly, in the water quality monitoring apparatus according to the invention, the use of shellfish such as clams as living organisms in the water enables the monitoring of the state of the water quality without using any special organisms. Can be easily performed.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air quality monitoring apparatus according to any one of the fourth, sixth, eighth, tenth, and twelfth aspects. As a living organism in the air that is the target,
Insects such as grasshoppers are used.

Therefore, in the air quality monitoring apparatus according to the present invention, the living organisms in the air are:
By using insects such as grasshoppers, it is possible to easily monitor the state of air quality without using any special creature.

On the other hand, in the invention according to claim 15, in the water quality monitoring apparatus according to the invention described in claim 5, plankton is used as a substance to be added to water to be monitored.

Therefore, in the water quality monitoring device according to the present invention, plankton (preferably, dry plankton, which is easy to handle) is used as a substance to be added to water, so that it can be used as a basic substance for life activities of living organisms. By monitoring the intake of a certain nutrient source, it is possible to quickly detect the occurrence of an abnormal situation in an organism.

According to the invention according to claim 16, in the water quality monitoring device according to the invention according to claim 15,
Phytoplankton is used as plankton.

Therefore, in the water quality monitoring device according to the present invention, phytoplankton (preferably,
By monitoring dried phytoplankton (which is easy to handle), it is possible to accurately monitor nutrient sources of organisms such as shellfish.

[0039]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First, the basic concept of the present invention will be described.

In the case of nonautotrophic organisms, life cannot be maintained unless nutrients are ingested and absorbed from outside the body in order to maintain life activity.

Therefore, by monitoring the ingestion activity for maintaining life, it is determined whether or not the environment is such that life can be maintained or if <cannot be maintained.

In the case of aquatic organisms, one of the environments that cannot sustain life is deterioration of the water environment.

Examples of the deterioration of the water environment include the incorporation of toxic substances and abnormal substances into water, a shortage of nutrient sources, a decrease (increase) in the amount of oxygen, and the presence of predators.

Each living organism has an optimal environment (temperature, oxygen content, nutrient content, light intensity, life density, etc.), and if it is far from the optimal environment, its breeding and survival activities are reduced, and it is suspended. Or die.

Therefore, in the present invention, such a deterioration state of the environmental condition is monitored through a nutrient source ingestion activity, which is one of life activities of an organism.

That is, the water (or air) to be monitored is placed in a breeding container (or a closed breeding container) that breeds living organisms in the water (or air) to be monitored.
And the physical and chemical changes in the quality of water (or air) to be monitored, which are caused by biological activities, before, after, or within the container (or closed container). By measuring the difference between the measured values before and after the passage of the breeding container (or closed breeding container), or within the container, or by measuring the absolute value of each individual measurement, It monitors the quality of water (or air quality).

For example, in raw water in waterworks,
Contains phytoplankton (for ponds, rivers, and groundwater without special pretreatment).

Then, the shellfish using plankton as a nutrient source is inhabited in a breeding container such as an aquarium.

In this state, the amount of plankton before and after the feeding of the breeding container is monitored. Here, when monitoring the amount of phytoplankton, a fluorescence method using chlorophyll is used. This chlorophyll has a correlation with the amount of phytoplankton, and can be used in combination with turbidity to monitor the amount of phytoplankton in water.

If the amount of plankton is very small in the raw water, raw plankton is injected beforehand. This injected plankton may be a dry substance (in the case of dry plankton, it is easy to handle and the amount can be easily grasped).

When the amount of plankton, which is a nutrient source of shellfish, increases or decreases rapidly, the raw water may be abnormal and affect plankton itself. Perform an evaluation.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention based on the above concept will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(First Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a water quality monitoring device according to the present embodiment.

In FIG. 1, a breeding container (for example, an aquarium) 1
Numeral 0 breeds the creature 0 that lives in the water to be monitored.

Here, as the living thing 0, for example, shellfish such as clam can be used.

The water supply pipe 1 is for feeding water to be monitored into the breeding container 10.

The drain pipe 7 drains water from the breeding container 10.

The flow control device 2 is installed in the middle of the water injection pipe 1 and controls the amount of water injected into the breeding container 10.

The water quality adjusting device 3 is installed on the downstream side of the flow control device 2 in the water injection pipe 1, and adds or deletes a substance serving as food for the organism 0 bred in the breeding container 10. , The turbidity of water injected into the breeding container 10, the amount of suspended solids, the amount of plankton, the amount of dissolved oxygen, the amount of carbon dioxide, the amount of nitrogen compounds, the temperature, and other various ion concentrations (these are defined as physical amounts and PH, BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand), COD
(Chemical oxygen demand) (these are called chemical amounts).

The object to be adjusted may be a single amount, a plurality of amounts of two or more, and several adjusting devices may be arranged in parallel or in series.

[0061] Plankton can be used as a substance to be added to water as a feed for organism 0, for example.
As this plankton, it is preferable to use phytoplankton, especially dried phytoplankton. The physical and chemical sensors 4 are installed on the downstream side of the water quality control device 3 in the water injection pipe 1, and the turbidity of water injection into the breeding vessel 10 is
Suspended solids, plankton, oxygen, carbon dioxide,
It measures at least one of PH, nitrogen compound amount, temperature, BOD (biochemical oxygen demand), COD (chemical oxygen demand), and other various ion concentrations.

Here, the physical and chemical sensors 4 can be installed in the water injection pipe 1 on the upstream side of the water quality adjusting device 3.

[0063] The physical and chemical sensors 5
Turbidity, suspended solids, plankton, oxygen,
Carbon dioxide amount, PH, nitrogen compound amount, temperature, BOD (biochemical oxygen demand), COD (chemical oxygen demand),
At least one of various other ion concentrations is measured.

The physical and chemical sensors 6 are installed in the drain pipe 7, and the turbidity of the waste water from the breeding container 10, the amount of suspended substances,
Plankton amount, oxygen amount, carbon dioxide amount, PH, nitrogen compound amount, temperature, BOD (biochemical oxygen demand), CO
D (chemical oxygen demand) and at least one of various other ion concentrations are measured.

The judging device 8 monitors the activity of the living thing 0 by judging the situation of the measured values measured by the physical and chemical sensors 4, 5, and 6 according to a predetermined rule. This is to determine the presence or absence of abnormal water quality.

The alarm device 9 outputs an alarm to the outside when the determination device 8 determines that there is an abnormality.

In the above description, the flow control device 2 and the water quality adjustment device 3 may be installed as needed, and need not necessarily be installed.

The physical and chemical sensors 4, 5, 6
It is not always necessary to install all of them, and only one or two of them may be installed as necessary.

Next, a description will be given of a water quality monitoring method by the water quality monitoring device of the present embodiment configured as described above.

In FIG. 1, the flow rate of the water to be monitored injected from the water injection pipe 1 is adjusted by the flow control device 2 when the flow control device 2 and the water quality adjustment device 3 are installed. Further, the water quality adjusting device 3 controls the oxygen amount, carbon dioxide amount, PH, nitrogen compound amount, temperature, BOD
All or some of the (biochemical oxygen demand), COD (chemical oxygen demand), and other various ion concentrations are adjusted as necessary, and the organism (shellfish) 0 bred in the breeding container 10 is The amount of animal and phytoplankton, which is a feed, is adjusted, and the physical and chemical sensors 4 monitor the concentration after the adjustment, and water is poured into the breeding container 10.

In the breeding vessel 10, the amount of dissolved oxygen, dissolved carbon dioxide, PH, nitrogen compounds, temperature, BOD (biochemical oxygen demand), COD (chemical oxygen demand) depends on the activity of the organism 0. In addition, all or some of various other ion concentrations change, and the amount of plankton, which is a nutrient source of organism 0, increases and decreases.

The water in the breeding container 10 is supplied to the turbidity, suspended solids, plankton, oxygen, carbon dioxide, PH, by the physical and chemical sensors 5 or the physical and chemical sensors 6 at the time of drainage. All or some of the nitrogen compound content, temperature, BOD (biochemical oxygen demand), COD (chemical oxygen demand), and various other ion concentrations are measured.

The determination device 8 receives the respective measured values measured by the physical and chemical sensors 4, 5, and 6, and determines the situation according to a predetermined rule. That is, the determination device 8 compares the difference between the measured values measured by the physical and chemical sensors 4, 5, and 6, or the absolute value of each measured value, with a predetermined determination reference value. By determining whether the value is higher or lower than the determination reference value, it is determined whether there is an abnormality in the quality of the water to be monitored. As a result, when the determination device 8 determines that there is an abnormality, the warning device 9 issues a warning.

Alternatively, each of the physical and chemical sensors 4, 5,
A change in the state is grasped from the transition of each measured value or the like measured by 6 and an alarm is issued.

Alternatively, an alarm is issued in consideration of the periodic fluctuation due to the living time of the living thing (shellfish) 0.

That is, in this case, for example, in the physical and chemical sensors 4 measuring the data of the water to be injected, the change in water quality is detected from the change in the amount of plankton.
Abnormalities in water quality can be detected.

When the organism 0 escapes, weakens, or dies for some reason in the breeding container 10, the amount of nutrient (plankton) measured by the physical and chemical sensors 5 and 6 decreases. On the other hand, depending on some conditions,
When the activity of organism 0 becomes active, the nutrient sources in breeding container 10
The amount of (plankton) increases.

Therefore, by these changes, the organism 0
It is possible to detect that there has been any change in the life activity of a person and output it as a warning of a change in water quality.

Furthermore, by monitoring the activity of ingesting nutrients, which is the basis of the life activity of the organism 0, the occurrence of an abnormal situation of the organism 0 can be quickly grasped.

Further, a substance or an organism serving as a feed for the organism 0 bred in the breeding container 10 is added when necessary, such as before measurement, and the amount of change that varies depending on the creature 0 in the breeding container 10 is measured. Thereby, it is possible to remotely monitor the activity state of the living thing 0 and monitor the change in water quality more accurately.

On the other hand, by using a dried product as a nutrient source of the organism (shellfish) 0, it becomes easy to grasp and control the amount of addition to water.

As a method of monitoring the amount of phytoplankton, which is a nutrient of living organisms (shellfish) 0, the use of fluorescence enables the amount of phytoplankton in living organisms to be ascertained even in turbid water.

Further, by monitoring chlorophyll (phytoplankton) using fluorescence, the nutrient source of the organism (shellfish) 0 can be accurately monitored.

Further, by mixing the gas in the atmosphere into the raw water to be supplied, the toxicity and abnormal state of the gas in the atmosphere can be detected.

As described above, in the water quality monitoring method and apparatus according to the present embodiment, the physical change and the chemical change related to the water quality caused by the activity of the living thing 0 are measured.
By monitoring the difference between the measured values before and after the passage of the breeding container 10 or in the container, or by measuring the absolute value of each measured value, the activity state of the organism 0 can be monitored remotely, and the water quality can be monitored. Because we monitor the status, unlike the conventional method described above, without requiring complicated equipment,
In addition, it is possible to accurately and easily monitor the state of water quality without limiting the application range and without using a sensor using a special microorganism species.

That is, since the water quality is not monitored by a visual method as in the related art, complicated equipment for capturing an image of the monitored object and performing image processing becomes unnecessary, and the monitoring of the breeding container 10 due to dirt or the like becomes unnecessary. There is no problem such as difficulty, and it is possible to accurately monitor water quality. In addition, since it is not monitoring water quality by sensors using special microorganism species,
Not only maintenance becomes easy, but also problems such as a limited application range are eliminated.

On the other hand, the organism 0 bred in the breeding container 10
A substance or an organism serving as a bait is added when necessary, such as before measurement, and the amount of change that varies according to the organism 0 in the breeding container 10 is measured. Thus, it is possible to more accurately monitor changes in water quality. Physical and chemical sensors 4,
The measured values measured in steps 5 and 6 are compared with an absolute reference value that is a predetermined reference value to determine whether the value is higher or lower than the reference value. Since the presence or absence is determined, it is possible to more accurately monitor the state of the water quality. further,
When judging the presence or absence of abnormality in water quality, as time passes, the judgment is made while changing the relative reference value, which is the judgment reference value, and the periodic reference value,
Living habits of organism 0 bred in breeding container 10 (feeding,
It is possible to more accurately monitor the state of the water quality in consideration of changes in water quality due to fluctuations due to movement, sleep, and the like, temporal fluctuations, and the like.

Further, when judging the presence or absence of abnormality in the quality of water, the turbidity in water, the amount of suspended matter, the amount of plankton, the amount of oxygen, the amount of carbon dioxide, the PH, the amount of nitrogen compounds, the temperature, the BO,
Monitoring the condition of water quality by measuring at least one physical quantity or chemical quantity among D (biochemical oxygen demand), COD (chemical oxygen demand) and other various ion concentrations. It can be performed accurately from various viewpoints. On the other hand, since shellfishes such as clams are used as the living organisms 0 living in the water, it is possible to easily monitor the state of the water quality without using any special living organisms. In addition, plankton (preferably, dry plankton, which is easy to handle) is used as a substance to be added to water. It is possible to quickly catch the occurrence of an abnormal situation. further,
Since phytoplankton (preferably, dried phytoplankton, which is easy to handle) is monitored, it is possible to accurately monitor the nutrient source of organism (shellfish) 0. (Second Embodiment) FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of an air quality monitoring device according to the present embodiment.

In FIG. 2, the sealed breeding container 20 breeds a living thing 0 that lives in the air of the environmental atmosphere to be monitored.

Here, as the organism 0, for example, insects such as grasshoppers can be used.

The intake pipe 11 sends air of the environmental atmosphere to be monitored into the closed breeding container 20.

The exhaust pipe 17 is for exhausting air from the closed breeding container 20.

The flow control device 12 is provided in the middle of the intake pipe 11 and controls the amount of intake air into the closed breeding container 20.

The gas conditioner 13 is installed in the intake pipe 11 on the downstream side of the flow controller 12, and
Add a substance that feeds on organism 0 that is bred at 0,
By deleting, the turbidity, the amount of suspended solids, and the amount of small insects during intake into the closed breeding container 20 are adjusted, the amount of oxygen, the amount of carbon dioxide, the temperature, the humidity Odor, SOx amount, NO
x amount and other chemical substances (these are called chemical amounts)
Is to adjust.

Here, the object to be adjusted may be one amount, two or more amounts, and several adjusting devices may be arranged in parallel or in series.

[0096] As a substance to be added to the water and added to the organism 0, for example, small insects such as ants and mosquitoes can be used. It is particularly preferable to use dried insects as the insects. The physical and chemical sensors 14 are connected to the intake pipe 11.
, The turbidity, the amount of suspended matter, the amount of small insects, the amount of oxygen, the amount of carbon dioxide, the temperature, the humidity, the odor, the amount of SOx, N
It measures at least one of Ox amount and other chemical substance amounts.

Here, the physical and chemical sensors 14 can be installed in the intake pipe 11 on the upstream side of the gas adjusting device 13.

The physical and chemical sensors 15 determine the turbidity in air, the amount of suspended matter, the amount of insects, the amount of oxygen, the amount of carbon dioxide, the temperature, the humidity, the odor, the amount of SOx, and the amount of NO in the closed breeding container 20.
It measures at least one of x amount and other chemical substance amounts.

The physical and chemical sensors 16 are connected to the exhaust pipe 17.
, Turbidity in the exhaust from the closed breeding container 20, the amount of suspended matter, the amount of small insects, the amount of oxygen, the amount of carbon dioxide, the temperature, the humidity, the odor, the amount of SOx, the amount of NOx, and the amount of other chemical substances It measures one quantity.

The judgment device 18 monitors the activity of the living thing 0 by judging the status of the measured values measured by each of the physical and chemical sensors 14, 15, and 16 according to a predetermined rule. This is to determine the presence or absence of air quality abnormality.

The warning device 9 outputs a warning to the outside when the determination device 8 determines that there is an abnormality.

In the above description, the flow control device 12,
The gas adjusting device 13 may be installed as needed, and need not always be installed.

Each physical and chemical sensor 14,1
It is not always necessary to install all of the devices 5 and 16, and only one or two of them may be installed as necessary.

Next, an air quality monitoring method by the air quality monitoring apparatus of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.

In FIG. 2, the flow rate of the air to be monitored injected from the intake pipe 11 is adjusted by the flow control device 12 when the flow control device 12 and the gas adjustment device 13 are installed. Further, the gas regulator 13 requires all or some of turbidity, suspended solids, small insects, oxygen, carbon dioxide, temperature, humidity, odor, SOx, NOx, and other chemical substances. Organisms (shellfish) that are adjusted according to and are bred in the closed breeding container 20
Physical and chemical sensors 1
By 4, the air is sucked into the closed breeding container 20 while the adjusted concentration is monitored.

In the closed breeding container 20, the turbidity, the amount of suspended matter, the amount of small insects, the amount of oxygen, the amount of carbon dioxide, the temperature, the humidity, the odor, the amount of SOx, the amount of NOx, and the amount of other chemical substances are determined by the activity of the organism 0. All or some of the worms change, and the amount of small insects, which is a nutrient source of organism 0, increases or decreases.

The air in the closed breeding container 20 is measured by a physical or chemical sensor 15 or a physical or chemical sensor 16 at the time of evacuation to obtain turbidity, suspended solids, small insects, oxygen,
Carbon dioxide amount, temperature, humidity, odor, SOx amount, NOx
All or some of the quantity, or other chemical quantity, is measured.

The determination device 18 receives the respective measurement values measured by the physical and chemical sensors 14, 15, and 16, and determines the situation according to a predetermined rule. That is, in the determination device 18,
The difference between the respective measured values measured by the respective physical and chemical sensors 14, 15, 16 or the absolute value of each measured value is compared with a predetermined criterion value and exceeds the criterion value. By determining whether the air quality is below or below, it is determined whether there is an abnormality in the quality of the air to be monitored. As a result, when the determining device 18 determines that there is an abnormality, the warning device 19 issues a warning.

Alternatively, each physical and chemical sensor 14,1
An alert is issued by detecting a change in the state from the transition of each measurement value or the like measured by 5 or 16.

Alternatively, an alarm is issued in consideration of the periodic variation due to the life time of the living thing (shellfish) 0.

That is, in this case, for example, the physical and chemical sensors 14 measuring data of the air to be taken in are used.
In, it is possible to detect a change in air quality from a change in the amount of insects and detect an abnormality in air quality.

Further, if the organism 0 escapes, weakens, or dies for some reason in the closed breeding container 20, the amount of nutrient sources (small insects) measured by the physical and chemical sensors 15 and 16 decreases. . On the other hand, depending on some conditions,
When the activity of the organism 0 becomes active, the amount of nutrients (small insects) in the closed breeding container 20 increases.

Therefore, these changes cause the organism 0
It is possible to detect that there has been any change in the life activity of the person and output it as a warning of a change in air quality.

Furthermore, by monitoring the activity of ingesting nutrients, which is the basis of the life activity of the organism 0, the occurrence of an abnormal situation of the organism 0 can be quickly grasped.

Further, a substance or an organism serving as a feed for the organism 0 bred in the sealed breeding container 20 is added when necessary, such as before measurement, and the amount of change that is changed by the organism 0 in the sealed breeding container 20 is measured. By doing so, it is possible to remotely monitor the activity state of the living thing 0 and monitor the change in air quality more accurately.

On the other hand, by using a dried product as a nutrient source of the organism (shellfish) 0, it becomes easy to grasp and control the amount added to the air.

As a method of monitoring the amount of small insects that are a nutrient source of the organism (shellfish) 0, the use of fluorescence enables the amount of small insects in living organisms to be grasped even in turbidity.

Further, by monitoring the small insects using fluorescence, the nutrient source of the organism (shellfish) 0 can be accurately monitored.

Further, by mixing the gas in the atmosphere with the supplied air, the toxicity and abnormal state of the gas in the atmosphere can be detected.

As described above, the air quality monitoring method and apparatus according to the present embodiment measures the amount of physical change and the amount of chemical change related to the air quality caused by the activity of the living thing 0, and measures the amount before passing through the closed breeding container 20. By monitoring the difference between each measured value after passing through, or in the container, or the absolute value of each measured value, the activity state of the organism 0 can be monitored remotely, and the air quality condition can be monitored. Therefore, unlike the conventional method described above, there is no need for a complicated device, and the scope of application is not limited, and without using a sensor using a special microorganism species.
Monitoring of the air quality can be performed accurately and easily.

That is, since the air quality is not monitored by a visual method as in the related art, complicated equipment for capturing an image of the object to be monitored and performing image processing is not required. The problem that it becomes hard to see with
Air quality can be monitored accurately. Also,
Since the air quality is not monitored by a sensor using a special microorganism species, not only maintenance is facilitated, but also problems such as a limited application range are eliminated.

On the other hand, a substance or an organism serving as a feed for the organism 0 bred in the closed breeding container 20 is added when necessary, such as before measurement, and the amount of change caused by the creature 0 in the closed breeding container 20 is measured. As a result, it is possible to remotely monitor the activity state of the living thing 0 and more accurately monitor changes in air quality. In addition, the measured values measured by the physical and chemical sensors 14, 15, 16 are compared with an absolute reference value which is a predetermined reference value, and it is determined whether the value exceeds or falls below the reference value. By doing so, the presence or absence of an abnormality in the air quality is determined, so that the monitoring of the air quality state can be performed more accurately. Further, when determining whether or not there is an abnormality in air quality, the determination is made while changing a relative reference value, which is a determination reference value, and a periodic reference value over time. Therefore, the state of the water quality is further monitored in consideration of the change due to the lifestyle (eating, moving, sleeping, etc.) of the living thing 0 bred in the closed breeding container 20 and the change of the water quality due to the temporal cycle fluctuation. It is possible to carry out accurately.

Further, when judging the presence or absence of abnormal air quality, the turbidity, the amount of suspended substances, the amount of small insects, the amount of oxygen, the amount of carbon dioxide, the temperature, the humidity, the odor, the amount of SOx,
Since at least one physical quantity or chemical quantity among the x quantity and other chemical substance quantities is measured, it is possible to accurately monitor the state of air quality from various viewpoints. On the other hand, since insects such as grasshoppers are used as the living organisms 0 living in the air, it is possible to easily monitor the air quality without using any special living organisms. In addition, small insects such as ants and mosquitoes (preferably, dried small insects that are easy to handle) are used as substances to be added to the air. , And the occurrence of an abnormal situation of the living thing 0 can be quickly grasped. further,
Since the monitoring of small insects (preferably, dried small insects that are easy to handle) is performed, it is possible to accurately monitor the nutrient source of the organism (shellfish) 0. (Other Embodiments) A plurality of water quality monitoring devices or air quality monitoring devices according to the first or second embodiment are arranged in parallel or in series, and the diversity of living organisms grown in the individual breeding containers ( (Type, number, density, variety, etc.) and measure water quality or temperament information due to various reactions of living organisms, determine the water quality or temperament as a comprehensive result of them, and alert from changes due to multiple information May be issued.

[0124]

As described above, according to the method and apparatus for monitoring water quality of the present invention, there is no need for complicated equipment, the scope of application is not limited, and special microorganism species can be detected. It is possible to accurately and easily monitor the state of water quality without using the used sensor.

Further, according to the temperament monitoring method and apparatus of the present invention, there is no need for complicated equipment, the scope of application is not limited, and a sensor using a special microorganism species is used. Without this, it is possible to accurately and easily monitor the condition of the air quality.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of a water quality monitoring method and device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a temperament monitoring method and apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 0 ... organisms 1 ... water injection pipes 2 ... flow rate control devices 3 ... water quality adjustment devices 4 ... physical and chemical sensors 5 ... physical and chemical sensors 6 ... physical and chemical sensors 7 ... drainage pipes 8 ... judgment devices 9 ... alarm device 10 ... breeding container (water tank) 11 ... intake pipe 12 ... flow control device 13 ... gas regulator 14 ... physical and chemical sensor 15 ... physical and chemical sensor 16 ... physical and chemical sensor 17 ... Exhaust pipe 18 ... Judging device 19 ... Alarm device 20 ... Breeding container.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) A01K 67/00 A01K 67/00 D C02F 1/00 ZAB C02F 1/00 ZABV

Claims (16)

[Claims] 1. The monitoring target water is passed through a breeding container that breeds living organisms living in the water to be monitored, before, after, or within the breeding container. The amount of physical change related to the quality of the water to be monitored caused by the activity of the organism, the amount of chemical change is measured before and after the passage of the breeding container, or the difference between the respective measured values in the container, Alternatively, the water quality monitoring method is characterized in that an activity value of the living thing is monitored remotely by measuring an absolute value of each measured value, and a water quality condition is monitored. 2. The air to be monitored is passed through a sealed breeding container that breeds living organisms in the air to be monitored, before, after, or after passing through the sealed breeding container. Within, the physical change amount related to the quality of the air that is the monitoring target caused by the activity of the organism, the chemical change amount is measured, before and after the passage of the closed breeding container, or each measured value in the container The air quality monitoring method is characterized by remotely monitoring the activity state of the living being and monitoring the air quality state by measuring the difference between the measured values and the absolute values of the individual measured values. 3. A breeding container for breeding organisms living in the water to be monitored, a water injection pipe for feeding the water to be monitored into the breeding container, and A drain pipe for discharging water, which is installed at at least one location in the water injection pipeline, the drain pipeline, and the breeding container, and a physical quantity and a chemical quantity related to the quality of the water to be monitored at the location. Physical and chemical sensors to measure the amount, by determining the situation according to a predetermined rule for the measured value measured by the physical and chemical sensors, to monitor the activity of the organism, A determination unit for determining whether there is an abnormality in the quality of the water to be monitored; and an alarm unit for outputting an alarm to the outside when the determination unit determines that there is an abnormality. Water quality monitoring device for the. 4. An airtight breeding container that breeds an organism that lives in the air to be monitored, an intake pipe that feeds the air to be aired into the airtight breeding container, and: An exhaust pipe for exhausting the air to be monitored, and a physical pipe related to the quality of the air to be monitored in the air intake pipe, the exhaust pipe, and the airtight pipe installed in at least one place in the closed breeding container. Amount, physical, chemical sensor to measure the chemical amount, the physical, by measuring the status measured by the chemical sensor according to a predetermined rule, the activity state of the organism, Determining means for monitoring to determine whether there is an abnormality in the quality of the air being monitored,
And a warning means for outputting a warning to the outside when the determination means determines that there is an abnormality. 5. The water quality monitoring device according to claim 3, wherein the water supply pipe is bred in the breeding container such that the quality of the water to be monitored is changed when necessary before measurement or the like. A water quality monitoring device characterized by adding a substance for feeding a living thing or a means for adding a living thing. 6. The air quality monitoring device according to claim 4, wherein the air is monitored in the air intake conduit so as to change the quality of the air to be monitored when necessary, such as before measurement. An air quality monitoring device characterized by adding a substance for feeding a living organism or a means for adding an organism. 7. The water quality monitoring device according to claim 3, wherein the determination unit compares a measurement value measured by a physical or chemical sensor with a predetermined determination reference value. A water quality monitoring device characterized by determining whether there is an abnormality in the quality of the water to be monitored by determining whether the value is higher or lower than the determination reference value. 8. The temperament monitoring apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the judgment means compares a measurement value measured by a physical or chemical sensor with a predetermined judgment reference value. An air quality monitoring device that determines whether there is an abnormality in the quality of the air to be monitored by determining whether the air quality is higher or lower than the determination reference value. 9. The water quality monitoring device according to claim 7, wherein the determination unit performs the determination while changing the determination reference value with the passage of time. apparatus. 10. The temperament monitoring device according to claim 8, wherein the judgment unit performs the judgment while changing the judgment reference value over time. apparatus. 11. The method according to claim 3, 5, 5, or 7,
The water quality monitoring device according to claim 9, wherein the physical and chemical sensors include turbidity, suspended solids, plankton, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and PH in water to be monitored. , Nitrogen compound amount, temperature, BOD (biochemical oxygen demand), COD (chemical oxygen demand), and at least one of various other ion concentrations. Characteristic water quality monitoring device. 12. The method according to claim 4, claim 6, claim 8,
The air quality monitoring device according to claim 10, wherein the physical and chemical sensors include turbidity, suspended solids, small insects, oxygen, and carbon dioxide in the air to be monitored. And a temperature, humidity, odor, SOx amount, NOx amount, and other chemical substance amounts. 13. The method according to claim 3, 5, 5, or 7,
The water quality monitoring device according to any one of claims 9 and 11, wherein shellfishes such as clams are used as living organisms in the water to be monitored. apparatus. 14. The method of claim 4, claim 6, claim 8,
The temperament monitoring device according to any one of claims 10 and 12, wherein insects such as grasshoppers are used as living organisms in the air to be monitored. Monitoring device. 15. The water quality monitoring device according to claim 5, wherein plankton is used as a substance to be added to the water to be monitored. 16. The water quality monitoring device according to claim 15, wherein phytoplankton is used as the plankton.