JP2002291339A - Foundation for planting - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a foundation for planting dispensing with a heat insulating layer and a protective layer in pressed heat insulating asphalt waterproofing and capable of simplifying the construction and increasing the thickness of artificial soil for planting and affording good plant growth. SOLUTION: This foundation for the planting is obtained by laying a water- impermeable foamed synthetic resin board 3 having a prescribed strength and draining grooves 3a formed on the surface on a waterproof layer 2 laid on a concrete slab 1 and forming a soil dressing layer 4 on the foamed synthetic resin board 3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a planting ground for laying soil on an artificial ground, and more particularly, to eliminating the need for a heat insulating layer and a protective layer in holding heat insulating asphalt waterproofing, simplifying construction and planting. The present invention relates to a planting ground capable of increasing the thickness of artificial soil for use and obtaining good plant growth.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an artificial ground is a concrete slab, such as a building roof or a roof balcony.
In the case where a living room is provided under the floor, it is general that a press insulating heat-resistant asphalt waterproofing for the purpose of waterproofing and heat insulation is performed on the artificial ground. As shown in FIG. 4, this press insulation asphalt waterproofing is usually configured as follows. (1) First, a waterproof layer 2 composed of a plurality of layers of an asphalt waterproof sheet is formed on a concrete slab 1 (asphalt waterproof). (2) Then, a heat insulating material is laid on the waterproof layer 2 to form the heat insulating layer 6. (3) Further, a protective layer 7 is formed on the waterproof layer 2 by casting concrete. (4) The sheets of the waterproof layer 2 and the heat insulating layer 6 are bonded between the sheets and between the layers by asphalt or the like melted by heat. (5) Joints are provided at regular intervals in the protective layer 7 in order to cope with the expansion and contraction of the pressing concrete due to heat. (6) The weight of the holding concrete is 1 m ^{2 on} the artificial ground surface.
Per unit is about 152 kgf / m ² (thickness 80 mm
In the case of, from the Architectural Institute of Japan, Building Load Guidelines, and Commentary).

[0003] On the other hand, when planting on such a press insulating and asphalt waterproofing, as shown in the figure, generally, the following construction is further performed. (1) A root-proof sheet 8 for preventing passage of plant roots is laid on the protective layer 7. (2) Place some drainage layer 9 on the root prevention sheet 8. (3) On the drainage layer 9, a water permeable sheet 10 for preventing passage of soil is laid. (4) Laying the soil layer 11 such as artificial lightweight soil on the water-permeable sheet 10. (5) The plant 5 is planted on the soil layer 11.

[0004]

By the way, the construction of the heat insulating and asphalt waterproofing of the retainer is very troublesome, and the simplification has been a major problem. In addition, when greening is performed on artificial ground having waterproof insulation bitumen, the load capacity of the concrete slab is limited.Therefore, the weight of the holding concrete must be reduced and the greening equipment must be lightened. Even if lightweight artificial soil was used for planting, it was difficult to secure a sufficient soil thickness for plant growth, and it was difficult to obtain good growth of plants.

[0005] There is also a method of greening the artificial ground to which the holding insulation asphalt waterproofing is to be applied, without forming a heat insulating layer and a protective layer on the premise of greening, as it is on the waterproofing layer. However, there is a problem that the heat insulation layer is lost and the heat insulation performance of the planting soil or the like has to be relied on, so that the heat insulation effect is insufficient and the cooling / heating load in the living room under the artificial ground increases.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional planting ground, and when performing greening on an artificial ground having press-insulating asphalt waterproofing, a conventional heat-insulating layer is applied to a material constituting a part of the planting. And the function of a protective layer, and by reducing the weight of the material, eliminating the need for a heat insulating layer and a protective layer in holding insulation asphalt waterproofing, simplifying construction and increasing the thickness of artificial soil for planting. And enable
It is an object of the present invention to provide a planting ground capable of obtaining good plant growth.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems To achieve the above object, a planting ground of the present invention is a planting ground in which soil is laid on artificial ground and plants are planted on the soil. , On the waterproof layer laid on the concrete slab,
An impermeable foam synthetic resin plate having a predetermined strength and a drainage groove formed on a surface thereof is laid, and a soil layer is provided on the foam synthetic resin plate. Here, the predetermined strength refers to strength enough to withstand the weight and tread pressure of the guest soil layer.

In this planting ground, an impermeable foam synthetic resin plate having a predetermined strength and having a drainage groove formed on a surface thereof is laid on a waterproof layer laid on a concrete slab. Since the soil layer is provided on the foamed synthetic resin plate, the heat insulation layer and the protective layer in the holding insulation and asphalt waterproofing are not required, the construction is simplified, and the thickness of the soil layer is increased to achieve good plant growth. Can be obtained.

In this case, an artificial soil mainly composed of coal ash can be used as the soil of the soil layer.

[0010] This makes it possible to reduce the weight of the soil layer and increase its thickness, and even if the soil layer is compressed by treading or irrigation due to the passage or movement of a person, the soil layer is compacted and solidified. Without tying, it is possible to stably maintain the performance required as the planting ground for a long period of time.

In this case, the coal soil is 40 to 70% by volume, the organic material is 25 to 50% by volume, and the inorganic porous material is 5 to 10% by volume.
Artificial soil mixed with volume% can be used.

[0012] This makes it possible to reduce the weight of the soil layer and further increase its thickness.

Further, the wet density of the soil layer when compacted can be 0.6 to 1.2 g / cm ³ .

[0014] This makes it possible to stably maintain the performance required for the planting ground for a long period of time.

Further, instead of the water-impermeable foamed synthetic resin plate, a drainage groove is formed on the upper surface of the bottom on the waterproof layer, and a drainage hole is formed on the peripheral surface so as to be continuous with the drainage groove. A cassette type planter having a predetermined hanging strength can be installed. Here, the predetermined hanging strength refers to a strength enough to withstand hanging when plants such as trees and trees are contained in a cassette type planter.

[0016] This makes it possible to easily move even a plant such as a tree which is difficult to remove or transport, and to use this cassette type planter to eliminate the need for a root protection sheet even when planting a tree. Can be.

[0017]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the planting ground according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a planting ground according to the present invention. This planting ground lays soil on artificial ground,
In a planting ground for planting plants in soil, an impermeable foam composite having a predetermined strength on a waterproof layer 2 laid on a concrete slab 1 and having a drainage groove 3a formed on the surface. A resin plate 3 is laid, and a soil layer 4 is provided on the foamed synthetic resin plate 3.

That is, in this embodiment, the foamed synthetic resin plate 3 functions as a drainage layer, a heat insulating layer, and a waterproof protective layer in the conventional artificial planting ground. The foamed synthetic resin plate 3 is formed into a fixed shape (for example, although not particularly limited, for example, a 1 m square plate shape), and is a drainage unit that is easy to lay. In this case, the joint 3b between the foamed synthetic resin plates 3 is sealed by an adhesive or a sealant so as to prevent water permeation.

The foamed synthetic resin plate 3 has a high heat insulating performance and a sufficient performance of protecting the asphalt of the waterproof layer 2, and has a strength such that it is not damaged even when the soil of the guest soil layer 4 and a person are loaded. A material having a very low water absorption and light weight characteristics is used. As a material having the above characteristics, a foamed synthetic resin having high strength against compression such as styrene foam is suitable.

FIG. 1B shows an example of the shape of the foamed synthetic resin plate 3.
Shown in The foamed synthetic resin plate 3 is not particularly limited, but the drainage grooves 3a are provided only on the upper surface side or in a lattice shape on the upper and lower surfaces, for example, the thickness is 30 to 1.
A plate made of styrofoam having a size of 00 mm and 1 m square is used. In this case, a joint portion (not shown) is provided in order to deepen a part of the drainage groove 3a on the upper surface side of the foamed synthetic resin plate 3 so as to have a water retaining function or to easily join with the adjacent foamed synthetic resin plate 3. Can be provided. Further, for example, a pipe member (not shown) having a large number of small holes formed on the peripheral surface is laid along the drainage groove 3a, and supply and drainage of irrigation, liquid fertilizer, air, and the like are performed through the pipe member. Can be done.

As a result, the layer structure in the planting ground of the present embodiment is as follows. (1) A waterproof layer 2 is created by laying an asphalt waterproof sheet on a concrete slab 1. (2) A root protection sheet (not shown) is laid on the waterproof layer 2. When the vegetation is only a herb, the root protection sheet can be omitted, and the foamed synthetic resin plate 3 can have the function of the root protection sheet. (3) By laying the foamed synthetic resin plate 3 on the root-prevention sheet, a drainage layer serving as both a heat insulating layer and a waterproof protective layer is created. (4) An artificial lightweight soil is laid as a guest soil layer 4 on the foamed synthetic resin plate 3. (5) Plant 5 on the soil layer 4.

In this case, as the artificial lightweight soil used as the soil of the soil layer 4, an artificial soil mainly composed of coal ash can be used. This artificial soil has a coal ash of 40-70.
25% by volume of organic materials such as peat moss and bark compost
0% by volume, 5-10 inorganic porous materials such as Kanuma soil and pumice
The artificial soil is mixed at a ratio of volume%. By using this artificial soil, the soil layer 4 can be reduced in weight and its thickness can be further increased. Also, in this artificial soil,
Add fertilizer such as zeolite to improve fertilizer retention or add coagulant etc. to promote agglomeration by synergistic effect of organic matter in artificial soil with decomposed corrosive substances can do.

The artificial lightweight soil used as the soil of the soil layer 4 includes the soil layer 4 when compacted.
It is preferable to use a material having a wet density of 0.6 to 1.2 g / cm ³ . This makes it possible to stably maintain the performance required for the soil layer 4 as the planting ground for a long period of time.

Here, the compacting conditions are JIS
Using a compaction tester of A1210, compaction is performed under the following conditions. [Consolidation conditions] Test specimen: pF (the force required to suck water from the soil expressed by the height of the water column (cm) and expressed as a common logarithmic value) was adjusted to 1.8 ( Use a pressure plate and adjust without tamping when packing the sample.) Layer 17.5c
m ・ Mold used: 15cm mold (400ml core sampled) ・ Weight of the rammer used: 2.5kg ・ Number of times of tamping: 10 times ・ Drop height of the rammer: 10cm

The wet density of the soil layer 4 is measured by the following measuring method. [Measurement method]-The specific gravity at pF1.5 of the product compacted under the compaction conditions described above is measured.

The above compaction conditions are based on the assumption that the soil is compacted by planting work after the soil has been laid. , The number of times of compaction is increased several times, specifically, even when it is increased to about 50 times, the wet density of the soil layer 4 is 0.6 to 1.
It is more preferable to use one having a concentration of 2 g / cm ³ .

As described above, in the planting ground of the present embodiment,
On the waterproof layer 2 laid on the concrete slab 1, an impermeable foam synthetic resin plate 3 having a predetermined strength and having a drainage groove 3a formed on its surface is laid. Since the guest soil layer 4 is provided thereon, the heat insulating layer and the protective layer in the press insulating and asphalt waterproofing become unnecessary, and the construction can be simplified. In this case, high thermal insulation performance can be exhibited by the foaming synthetic resin plate 3 and the soil for planting the guest soil layer 4 which also have a thermal insulation function.

The thickness of the soil for plant growth is
It is preferable that plants are thicker in terms of the amount of water available, etc., but on artificial ground there is a limit to the load capacity, so conventionally,
For plants, only the minimum required soil thickness was secured. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, since the conventional protective layer becomes unnecessary, the thickness of the planting soil layer can be increased by that much, and good plant growth can be expected. By using artificial soil mainly composed of coal ash as the soil of the guest soil layer, the weight of the soil layer can be reduced and its thickness can be further increased. Even when compressed by irrigation, etc.
It is not compacted and compacted, and the performance required as the planting ground can be stably maintained for a long period of time.

Next, an embodiment in which a tree is planted on the planting ground of the present invention will be described. Asphalt waterproofing for rooftops and the like is generally required to be repaired about 15 years after construction, and when greening is performed on artificial ground, it is necessary to remove greening equipment when repairing this waterproof layer. At that time, turf and the like are relatively easy to remove, but it is difficult to remove and transport trees. In order to facilitate the removal and transportation of the tree, the present embodiment employs the structure shown in FIG.

That is, this planting ground has a gap 1 where the foamed synthetic resin plate 3 and the soil layer 4 are not laid on the waterproof layer 2.
2, a protective sheet 13 of the waterproof layer 2 made of non-woven fabric or the like is laid on the waterproof layer 2 as necessary, and a cassette type planter 14 having a predetermined hanging strength is installed.
The drain hole 14 b of the cassette type planter 14 is connected to the drain groove 3 a of the foamed synthetic resin plate 3.

The cassette type planter 14 is made of a relatively lightweight and high-strength material, for example, synthetic resin or porous concrete, and as shown in FIG. Drainage grooves 14a on the surface
A drain hole 14b is formed so as to be continuous with the water, so that excess water is drained. This cassette type planter 1
4 is provided with a hanging metal fitting 14c, for example, which enables the shining on the side wall top end or the like, and in a state where the plant T such as the soil and trees are contained in the cassette type planter 14, the crane or the like is used as it is. The plant T such as a tree can be easily transported, installed, removed, and the like. For this purpose, the cassette type planter 14 needs to have a predetermined strength. For example, a material having a high tensile strength such as a reinforcing bar such as a reinforced porous concrete is embedded, and the hanging metal fitting 14c is fixed to the reinforcing bar. To do. In addition, the cassette type planter 14 can be designed in an arbitrary shape according to the shape of the installation location, the type of the plant T such as a tree to be planted, and the like.

In the cassette type planter 14, a plant T such as a tree is mainly planted. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the plant T is planted in a place where the foamed synthetic resin plate 3 is laid. It is also possible to plant the same thing as the plant G such as a herb to be produced. Further, in the present embodiment, the foamed synthetic resin plate 3 and the cassette type planter 14 are used in combination. However, as shown in FIG. 3, the planting ground can be constructed only by the cassette type planter 14.

On the ground for planting around the cassette type planter 14, as described above, the foam synthetic resin plate 3 and the soil layer 4 are laid on the waterproof layer 2 laid on the concrete slab 1. The height and the horizontal position of the drain hole 14b are set so that the drain water from the drain hole 14b of the cassette type planter 14 flows into the drain groove 3a of the foam synthetic resin plate 3. It is set in accordance with the drainage groove 3a. In this case, the joint between the cassette type planter 14 and the surrounding foamed synthetic resin plate 3 is joined in a sealed state so as to prevent water permeation. Also, the cassette type planter 14
A protective sheet 13 made of a non-woven fabric or the like is laid under the waterproof layer 2 so as not to damage the waterproof layer 2. The artificial lightweight soil used as the guest soil layer 4 of the cassette type planter 14 includes:
The above-mentioned artificial soil mainly composed of coal ash can be used, and a mulching material 15 or the like for preventing drying can be provided on the artificial soil.

As described above, by disposing the cassette type planter 14 at an appropriate position on the planting ground, trees that are difficult to remove or transport can be easily moved and newly installed. By using this cassette type planter 14, even when planting a plant T such as a tree, a root-proof sheet can be made unnecessary, and further, when a disease occurs, some cassette type planters can be used. Remove only 14
It can be updated.

As described above, the planting ground of the present invention has been described based on a plurality of embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the configuration described in the above-described embodiments, and is within a scope not departing from the gist thereof. The configuration can be appropriately changed.

[0037]

According to the planting ground of the present invention, a water-impermeable foam composite having a predetermined strength and a drainage groove formed on the surface is provided on a waterproof layer laid on a concrete slab. Since a resin sheet is laid and a soil layer is provided on the foam synthetic resin sheet, the insulation layer and protective layer in holding insulation and asphalt waterproofing are not required, simplifying construction and increasing the thickness of the soil layer. And good plant growth can be obtained.

In addition, by using artificial soil mainly composed of coal ash as the soil for the soil layer, the weight of the soil layer can be reduced and its thickness can be increased. Even when compressed by treading or irrigation,
The soil layer is not compacted and compacted, and the performance required as the planting ground can be stably maintained over a long period of time.

In this case, 40 to 70% by volume of coal ash, 25 to 50% by volume of organic material, and 5 to 10% by volume of inorganic porous material
By using artificial soil mixed with volume%, the weight of the soil layer can be reduced, and the thickness thereof can be further increased.

Further, by setting the wet density of the soil layer when compacted to 0.6 to 1.2 g / cm ³ , the performance required for the planting ground can be extended for a long time. Can be stably maintained.

Further, instead of the water-impermeable foam synthetic resin plate, a drainage groove is formed on the upper surface of the bottom on the waterproof layer, and a drainage hole is formed on the peripheral surface so as to be continuous with the drainage groove. By installing a cassette type planter having a predetermined hanging strength, even plants such as trees that are difficult to remove and transport can be easily moved, and trees can be moved by using this cassette type planter. Even when planting, the root protection sheet can be omitted.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of a planting ground according to the present invention, and (a).
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view thereof, and FIG. 1B is a perspective view showing a foamed synthetic resin plate.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a planting ground according to the present invention, and (a).
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a cassette type planter, and FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a state after construction of one embodiment of the planting ground according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional planting ground.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Concrete slab 2 Waterproof layer 3 Foam synthetic resin board 3a Drainage groove 3b Joining part 4 Guest soil layer 5 Plant 6 Heat insulation layer 7 Protective layer 8 Root prevention sheet 9 Drainage layer 10 Water permeable sheet 11 Guest soil layer 12 Void part 13 Protection Sheet 14 Cassette type planter 14a Drainage groove 14b Drainage hole 14c Hanging bracket 15 Mulching material T plant G plant

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Tetsuo Mori 4-55, Denho, Konohana-ku, Osaka, Osaka Prefecture (72) Inventor Tatsushi Kadowaki 4-55, Denho 4-35, Konohana-ku, Osaka, Osaka Inside the Konoike Gumi (72) Inventor Akio Uesugi 2 Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Tobishima Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hiroto Yasuoka 518-1, Komagaki, Nagareyama-shi, Chiba Mitsui Construction Co., Ltd. (Reference) 2B022 AA05 AB01 BA01 BA11 BB01 2B027 NC02 NC17 NC18 NC24 ND01 NE09 QA04 QB12 QC02 QC28

Claims (5)

[Claims] Claims: 1. A planting ground in which soil is laid on an artificial ground and plants are planted on the soil, having a predetermined strength on a waterproof layer laid on a concrete slab, A planting ground, comprising: laying an impermeable foam synthetic resin plate having a drainage groove formed on a surface thereof, and providing a soil layer on the foam synthetic resin plate. 2. The planting ground according to claim 1, wherein artificial soil mainly composed of coal ash is used as the soil of the soil layer. 3. An artificial soil obtained by mixing 40 to 70% by volume of coal ash, 25 to 50% by volume of an organic material, and 5 to 10% by volume of an inorganic porous material as the soil. 2. The ground for planting according to 2. 4. The planting plant according to claim 1, wherein the compacted soil layer has a wet density of 0.6 to 1.2 g / cm ³ when compacted. ground. 5. In place of the water-impermeable foamed synthetic resin plate, a drain groove is formed on the upper surface of the bottom on the waterproof layer, and a drain hole is formed on the peripheral surface so as to be continuous with the drain groove. And a cassette type planter having a predetermined hanging strength is installed.
Or the ground for planting according to 4.