JP2009077687A - Greened parking space - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a greened parking space which has an advantage similar to that of a seedling grass piece for greening and is almost free from the risk that the greening plant is blighted by the compression or solidification of soil by wheel loads of automobiles, and can be constructed with ease. <P>SOLUTION: The greened parking space comprises bottom boards 2 for vegetation, having many protrusions 2a having heights equal to the pavement 1 and many opening parts being laid, and soil dressing 3a having drainability and soil dressing 3b having water retentivity being packed in concave space parts among the protrusions of the bottom boards 2 and greening plants 4, such as grass, being planted in the soil dressing. The parking space can be formed simply and inexpensively because the existing pavement 1 is not dug by a heavy machine or the like, and the growing condition of the greening plant 4 can be kept good by the prevention of the compression and solidification of the soil dressings 3a and 3b because the wheel loads of the automobiles can be supported by the protrusion parts 2a of the bottom boards 2 for the vegetation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a green parking lot, and more particularly, to a green parking lot designed so that it can be easily greened without being excavated.

  Conventionally, when a place parked with asphalt or concrete is used as a green parking lot, the existing pavement surface is usually excavated, and a crushed stone layer of about 20 to 30 cm and a guest soil layer of about 10 cm are provided to overlap. A greening parking lot is constructed by planting greening plants such as lawns. However, such a green parking lot requires a large amount of construction and requires the use of heavy machinery for excavation, which has the problem of increasing the construction cost and the disposal of excavated soil, etc. There is also a problem that it is not preferable for protection.

  On the other hand, when trying to construct a green parking lot without excavating the existing pavement surface, a root-resistant sheet or the like is laid on the existing pavement surface, and the soil is spread to a thickness of about 15 to 20 cm. Therefore, it is necessary to plant a greening plant such as a lawn. However, when planting a greening plant with such a thick layer of soil, it is possible to run the car smoothly on the parking surface (the surface of the soil where the planting plant is planted) unless a slope-shaped approach path is installed. In addition, there is a problem that the parking surface can be wrinkled by the wheel load of the automobile. Also, if you try to construct a green parking lot by providing the above thick layer of soil on the rooftop concrete surface of the multistory parking lot, the load on the soil will be large, so the strength of the multistory parking lot will be insufficient and safety will be impaired. Fear arises.

  By the way, a greening seedling piece developed by one of the present applicants is known as an innovative product that can easily green the rooftop concrete surface of a building (Patent Document 1). This seedling piece for tree planting is a seedling turf grown on a floor soil made of peat formed of at least two layers having a water retention part and a drainage part, the main material of which is the root of the seedling turf It is a flat rectangular or planar polygonal mat-like seedling turf piece with roots reaching and integrated to the bottom surface of 7 to 10 cm thickness in a state of being densely settled in the soil.

The above seedling piece for greening can be planted on a rooftop with a gap between the root-resistant sheets placed on the rooftop concrete surface without any gaps. Despite its thinness of about 7-10cm, peat is a peat that has excellent water retention, fertilization, drainage, and breathability, so that the lawn grows well and the flooring of the seedling piece is light. Because the load is small, even if it is laid on the concrete surface of the roof, there is no risk that the strength of the building will be insufficient and the safety will be impaired, and the roots of the seedlings will be firmly attached to the floor soil and reach the bottom Therefore, the soil particles are not scattered by the wind force.
JP 2006-204190 A

  However, when the greening parking lot is constructed by laying the greening seedling piece of Patent Document 1 on the existing pavement surface on the ground or the rooftop concrete surface of the multi-story parking lot, There was a problem that the surface was creased and the floor soil was compressed and solidified, making it easy for the lawn to die.

  The present invention has been made to cope with the above-mentioned problems, and the problem to be solved has the same advantages as a greening seedling piece, and the soil is compressed and solidified by the wheel load of an automobile. The purpose is to provide an easy-to-construct green parking lot that does not have to worry about plant death.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the first greening parking lot according to the present invention lays a vegetation floor plate having a large number of convex portions and a large number of openings equal to each other on a pavement surface, and also for vegetation. The concave space between the convex parts of the floorboard is filled with drainable soil and water retaining soil, and planted with greening plants such as lawn in this soil. ,
In the second green parking lot according to the present invention, a vegetation floor plate having a large number of convex portions and a large number of openings having the same height is laid side by side on the pavement surface, and a concave space between the convex portions of the vegetation floor plate is provided. It is characterized by filling the soil with a mixture of drainable soil and water retention soil, and planting greening plants such as lawn in this mixed soil,
In the third greening parking lot according to the present invention, a vegetation floor plate having a large number of convex portions and a large number of openings are arranged side by side on the pavement surface, and a concave space between the convex portions of the vegetation floor plate is provided. The part is filled with a soil having both drainage and water retention, and a greening plant such as a lawn is planted in the soil.

In the first and second greening parking lots according to the present invention, the drainable guest soil has a water permeability coefficient of 5.0 × 10 ^{−3 to} 1.0 × 10 ⁰ cm / sec, It is desirable that the soil of the land has an effective water content (pF1.5 to pF3.8) of 300 to 500 liter / m ³ . Moreover, in the 3rd greening parking lot which concerns on this invention, the customer land which has drainage property and water retention has a water permeability of 5.0 * 10 < ^-3 > -1.0 * 10 < ⁰ > cm / sec, 300 It is desirable to have an effective water content (pF1.5 to pF3.8) of ˜500 liters / m ³ . Furthermore, it is more desirable that the effective water amount is 300 to 500 liters / m ³ (pF1.8 to pF3.8).

  Moreover, in the 1st thru | or 3rd greening parking lot which concerns on this invention, the drainage customer land, the water retention customer soil, and the customer soil which has drainage property and water retention are peat, an organic base material, and an inorganic base. It is desirable to include materials.

  The greening parking lot of the present invention is constructed by arranging vegetation floorboards side by side without excavating the pavement surface. In the first greening parking lot, the drainage of the soil and the water retention capacity in the recessed space of the vegetation floorboard. The second greening parking lot is filled with land that is a mixture of drainage and soil retention, and the third parking lot is drainage and water retention. It is possible to construct the planting plant that is also equipped with the planting planting and planting the greening plant easily and inexpensively without using heavy equipment for excavation. It becomes unnecessary. In the green parking lot according to the present invention, since the wheel load of the automobile is supported by the convex portions of the vegetation slab, the above-mentioned customer soil filled in the concave space between the vegetation slabs is compressed and solidified. There is no worry that the greening plants such as lawn will die.

  In addition, even if the greening parking lot of the present invention is constructed on the roof concrete surface (pavement surface) of a multi-story parking lot, the above-mentioned soil filled in the hollow portion of the vegetation flooring is lightweight, so a multi-story parking lot There is absolutely no worry that the safety of the vegetation will be inadequate and the height of the convex part of the vegetation base plate (in other words, the thickness of the vegetation base plate) is 5 to 10 cm. Since the amount of soil that fills the hollow of the floorboard is small, such concerns are completely wiped out, and there is no need to reinforce the building's enclosure.

Moreover, in the greening parking lot of the present invention, the above-mentioned customer soil filled in the hollow portion of the vegetation flooring has an appropriate drainage property and / or an appropriate water retention property, and is excellent in fertilizing power and air permeability. Therefore, the growth state of greening plants such as lawns is good despite the small thickness of the vegetation slab (height of the convex portion) and the thin layer of the soil of the guest soil as described above. Particularly, the drainable soil in the first and second green parking lots has a water permeability coefficient of 5.0 × 10 ^{−3 to} 1.0 × 10 ⁰ cm / sec, The growth state of a greening plant becomes still better that it has an effective water content (pF1.5-pF3.8) of -500 liter / m < ³ >. In addition, the customer soil having drainage and water retention capacity in the third greening parking lot has a water permeability coefficient of 5.0 × 10 ^{−3 to} 1.0 × 10 ⁰ cm / sec and 300 to 500 liters / m ³ . Also when it has an effective water content (pF1.5-pF3.8), the growth state of a greening plant becomes still better. In addition, the work of laminating and mixing the drainage and water retention properties is unnecessary, and the workability is improved.

  Moreover, if the soil used for the greening parking lot of the present invention includes peat, an organic base material, or an inorganic base material, the specific gravity of the home land becomes small, and the land can be reduced in weight. Furthermore, it can also be expected that the organic matter becomes a nutrient source for plants or a bed soil for breeding microorganisms useful for plants.

  Also, in the greening parking lot where the area where the vegetation slabs are laid out is surrounded by a frame material that is the same height as the convex part of the vegetation slabs, the vegetation slabs protrude or break outside the frame To prevent this, the vegetation flooring can be fixed and protected with a frame material. The greening parking lot of the present invention has a small thickness of the vegetation slab (height of the convex portion), so that it is easy to enter a car. In the case of the right-angled triangle having the shape, the vehicle can be entered more smoothly.

  Furthermore, since the greening parking lot provided with irrigation facilities can automatically irrigate, there is an advantage that it is possible to maintain good vegetation by omitting troublesome watering work even in high temperature periods such as summer and dry periods.

  Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a greening parking lot according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the greening parking lot, and FIG. 3 is a partial plan view of the greening parking lot before filling with customer land. FIG. 4 is a plan view of a vegetation floor board used in the greening parking lot, and FIG. 5 is a side view of the vegetation floor board.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, this greening parking lot is laid on a ground surface 1 such as an asphalt pavement surface or a concrete pavement surface while laying vegetation floor boards 2 side by side and joining them together. The hollow space 2e (see FIG. 5) between the convex portions 2a of the floorboard 2 is filled with a drainage of the soil 3a and the water-retaining soil 3b, and a greening plant 4 such as a lawn is filled in the soil. Is planted.

  The vegetation slab 2 is a substantially square slab that is injection-molded with a thermoplastic synthetic resin such as polyethylene. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a large number of convex portions 2a having the same height are spaced apart from each other. These convex portions 2a are connected and integrated in the vertical and horizontal directions by a wide connecting portion 2b having an inverted T-shaped cross section, and are connected and integrated in an oblique direction by a plate-like connecting portion 2i. Has been. A plurality of vertical ribs 2h are formed around each convex portion 2a, and each convex portion 2a is reinforced to withstand the wheel load of the automobile. Furthermore, the convex part 2a located on a diagonal line is also connected and integrated in the diagonal direction by a wide diagonal connecting part 2c having an inverted T-shaped cross section, thereby further increasing the strength of the vegetation floor board 2. ing. Further, the bottom portion of the vegetation floor board 2 has a large number of substantially right-angled isosceles triangular openings 2d surrounded by the connecting parts 2b, 2c, 2i so that these openings 2d are useful for drainage and ventilation. It has become.

  If the height H (in other words, the total thickness of the vegetation floor board 2) H of the vegetation floor board 2 becomes too high, the step of the greening parking lot to be constructed becomes large and the automobile becomes smooth. If it becomes difficult to enter, and conversely too low, the amount of the soil 3a, 3b filled in the recessed space 2e of the vegetation flooring 2 will be reduced too much and the growth state of the green plant 4 will be worsened. The height of the convex portion 2a is preferably set to about 5 to 10 cm, and particularly preferably set to about 7 cm. The length of one side of the vegetation floor board 2 is not particularly limited, but considering the ease of carrying, it is preferable to set the length of one side to about 50 cm.

  Protruding protrusions 2f and tapered recesses 2g are formed on the four sides of the vegetation floor board 2, and as shown in FIG. 3, the vegetation floor boards 2 are arranged vertically and horizontally so that the protrusions 2f are adjacent to each other. The vegetation slats 2 and 2 can be joined to each other without being separable simply by fitting them into the recess 2g of the vegetation slat 2 to be made.

The customer soils 3a and 3b filled in the hollow space 2e between the convex portions 2a of the vegetation flooring 2 are sold under the trade name “Roof Soil” manufactured by Masaki Envec Co., Ltd. Light-weight soil excellent in ion exchange capacity, drainage, breathability, etc., and having a water permeability coefficient of 5.0 × 10 ^{−3 to} 1.0 × 10 ⁰ cm / sec as drainable soil 3a As the water retaining properties, those having an effective water content (pF1.5 to pF3.8) of 300 to 500 liters / m ³ are used. Specifically, as the drainable soil 3a, the porosity is 55 to 65% by volume, the total porosity is 70 to 85% by volume, the coarse porosity is 30 to 45% by volume, and the effective moisture content (pF1.5 to A lightweight soil (trade name “Roof Soil RS-3”) developed for greening on artificial ground having a pF3.8) of 250 to 300 liters / m ³ and having the above-mentioned hydraulic conductivity is preferably used. And as the water retaining property 3b laminated | stacked on this, a porosity is 40-50 volume%, a total porosity is 75-90 volume%, a coarse porosity is 15-30 volume%, and a water permeability is 1. Lightweight soil developed for greening on artificial ground with 0 × 10 ^{−3 to} 5.0 × 10 ⁻³ cm / sec and having the above effective water content (pF1.5 to pF3.8) The name “Roof Soil RS-1”) is used. When such a drainage of the soil 3a and the water-retaining soil 3b are filled in the recessed space 2e of the vegetation flooring 2 in a laminated state and the greening plant 4 such as lawn is vegetated, the soil 3a, 3b is filled. Despite the small amount, the greening plant 4 grows well.

  The layer thickness of the drainable soil 3a and the water retaining soil 3b thereon may be the same, but the layer thickness of the drainable soil 3a is thicker than the layer thickness of the water retaining soil 3b. The growth state of the greening plant 4 such as lawn is good, and particularly the growth state is very good when the ratio of the layer thickness of the drainage soil 3a and the water retention soil 3b is 4: 1 to 3: 2. It was confirmed that.

  Desirably, 10-40% by mass of sand is mixed with the drainable soil 3a and the water-retaining soil 3b. When sand is mixed in this way, the strength of the soil 3a, 3b increases and the sand is soft. Since the foot and the cushioning property are reduced and the foot is less likely to sink during walking, the foot is hardly caught or crawled on the convex portion 2a of the vegetation floor board 2, and it becomes easy to walk. If the mixing ratio of the sand exceeds 40% by mass, the water retention of the soils 3a and 3b is excessively lowered, which causes a disadvantage that the growth state of the greening plant is deteriorated.

  In this green parking lot, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the frame member 5 has the same height as the convex portion 2a of the vegetation floor board 2, and the cross-sectional shape of the vehicle entrance portion has an inclination angle of 15 °. It is desirable to surround a region where the vegetation floor boards 2 are laid side by side using a frame material 5 that is a right triangle having a hypotenuse of ˜45 ° (more preferably 30 °). If the frame member having such a slope portion is enclosed, the vegetation floor board 2 will not protrude or break out of the frame when the vehicle is entered, and the vehicle can be entered more smoothly.

  In addition, it is desirable to install simple irrigation facilities in this green parking lot. Providing irrigation equipment in this way has the advantage that good vegetation can be maintained by omitting troublesome watering operations during high-temperature periods such as summer and dry periods.

The green parking lot having the above configuration can be easily constructed in the following manner.
First, the vegetation laying boards 2 are arranged vertically and horizontally on the pavement surface 1, and the projecting parts 2f are fitted into the recessed parts 2g and laid while being joined. Then, the frame material 5 surrounds the region where the vegetation floor board 2 is laid. Next, the drainage of the soil 3a is sprinkled and charged into the hollow portion 2e of the vegetation flooring 2 and the water retaining soil 3b is charged and filled from above. The layers are laminated so that the ratio of the layer thickness of the soil 3a and the customer soil 3b is 4: 1 to 3: 2. Then, turf seedlings and the like are placed on these soils, and the greening plant 4 is planted by rolling while spraying water to complete the greening parking lot.

  In some cases, a non-woven fabric or a planar drainage material (for example, a product name “Gurisheet” manufactured by Takiron Co., Ltd. in which an uneven resin plate is coated with a water-permeable non-woven fabric) is laid on the pavement surface 1. Alternatively, the vegetation floor plate 2 may be laid on top of each other.

  The greening parking lot constructed in the above manner does not require excavation of existing pavement surfaces using heavy machinery as in the past, so it can be constructed easily and inexpensively, and the excavation residual soil dumping process Since it is unnecessary, it is preferable from the viewpoint of environmental protection. When the automobile is entered, the wheel load of the automobile is supported by the convex portion 2a of the vegetation floor plate 2, so that no wrinkles are formed, and the hollow space 2e between the convex portions 2a of the vegetation floor plate 2 is filled. There is no concern that the green land 4 such as lawn will die out due to the compression and solidification of the land 3a and 3b. In addition, since the height of the convex portion 2a of the vegetation slab 2 (the total thickness of the slab slab) is small, it is possible to smoothly enter the vehicle, and the layer thickness of the customer soils 3a and 3b is thin. In spite of the small amount, the greening plant 4 such as lawn has a good growth state and can maintain a beautiful appearance.

  When constructing the above-mentioned greening parking lot after laying a root-resistant sheet on the concrete pavement surface of the roof of the multi-level parking lot, in addition to the above-described effects, the hollow space 2e of the vegetation floor board 2 is filled. Since the customer soils 3a and 3b are light and have a small layer thickness and a small amount of filling, there is an effect that the strength of the multilevel parking garage is insufficient due to the load, and there is no fear of impairing safety. Moreover, when inorganic base materials, such as peat, an organic base material, and pearlite, are included, the specific gravity of a customer soil will become small and a customer soil can be reduced in weight. Furthermore, it can also be expected that the organic matter becomes a nutrient source for plants or a bed soil for breeding microorganisms useful for plants. These organic substances are preferably used in a mixture of 90% or less. If the ratio of the organic substance is 90% or more, the walking ability is deteriorated, which is not preferable.

  In the above-mentioned greening parking lot, in the recessed hollow portion 2e between the convex portions 2a of the vegetation floor board 2, the drainage-purpose soil 3a and the water-retaining soil 3b are stacked and filled. Various greening parking lots as described below can be constructed by changing the customer soil filled in the hollow portion 2e of the vegetation floor board 2.

  That is, in the greening parking lot shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 described above, instead of laminating and filling the drainage area 3a and the water retention area 3b in the hollow portion of the vegetation floorboard, the drainage area described above is used. If the mixed soil containing well mixed soil 3a and water-retaining soil 3b is filled in the hollow part of the vegetation floor and planted with greening plants, the second green parking lot of the present invention can be constructed. . The mixing ratio of the drainable soil 3a and the water-retaining soil 3b is preferably in the range of 80:20 to 50:50 by mass ratio, and such a mixed soil has good drainage and water retention. Since it has nature, the greening plant is in a good growth state. Moreover, when organic substances, such as peat and an organic base material, are included, specific gravity of an object land will become small and an object land can be reduced in weight. Furthermore, it can also be expected that the organic matter becomes a nutrient source for plants or a bed soil for breeding microorganisms useful for plants. These organic substances are preferably used in a mixture of 90% or less. If the ratio of the organic substance is 90% or more, the walking ability is deteriorated, which is not preferable.

Moreover, in the greening parking lot shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 described above, instead of laminating and filling drainage of the soil 3a and water retention 3b in the hollow portion of the vegetation floorboard, drainage and water retention The third greening parking lot of the present invention can be constructed by filling the land with the property and planting the greening plant. As the soil that has both drainage and water retention, the water permeability of 5.0 × 10 ^{−3 to} 1.0 × 10 ⁰ cm / sec and the effective water content of 300 to 500 liter / m ³ (pF1.5 To pF3.8), specifically, the porosity is 40 to 80% by volume, the total porosity is 70 to 95% by volume, and the water permeability and effective water content are as described above. Is preferably used (trade name “Roof Soil RS-5”).

  The second and third greening parking lots described above are slightly different in the customer land filled in the hollow space of the vegetation floorboard, but both are the first greening parking lots shown in FIGS. And substantially the same function and effect.

It is a schematic sectional drawing of the greening parking lot concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is an expanded partial sectional view of the greening parking lot. It is a partial top view of the greening parking lot before filling a customer land. It is a top view of the floor board for vegetation used for the greening parking lot. It is a side view of the floor board for the vegetation.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pavement surface 2 Vegetation floor board 2a Convex part 2b, 2c, 2i Connection part 2d Opening part 2e Concave part 3a Drainable soil 3b Water retention soil 4 Greening plant such as lawn 5 Frame material

Claims (7)

  On the pavement surface, laying vegetation slabs with a large number of convex parts and a large number of openings are laid side by side. A green parking lot characterized by laminating and filling the land, and planting green plants such as lawns in the land.   On the pavement surface, laying vegetation slabs with a large number of convex parts and a large number of openings are laid side by side. A greening parking lot, which is filled with land mixed with land and planted with greening plants such as lawn.   The green parking lot according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the drainable and soil-retaining soil contains peat, an organic base material, and an inorganic base material. The drainable soil has a water permeability coefficient of 5.0 × 10 ^{−3 to} 1.0 × 10 ⁰ cm / sec, and the water retention soil has an effective water content of 300 to 500 liters / m ³ ( The greening parking lot according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the parking lot has pF1.5 to pF3.8).   A customer who lays a vegetation slab having a large number of convex parts and a large number of openings side by side on the pavement surface, and also has drainage and water retention in the concave part between the vegetation slabs. A greening parking lot that is filled with soil and planted with greening plants such as lawns in the soil.   The greening parking lot according to claim 5, wherein the soil having drainage and water retention includes peat, an organic base material, and an inorganic base material. The soil that has both drainage and water retention has a water permeability of 5.0 × 10 ^{−3 to} 1.0 × 10 ⁰ cm / sec and an effective water content of 300 to 500 liters / m ³ (pF 1.5 to The greening parking lot according to claim 5 or 6, characterized by having pF3.8).

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