JP2002285774A - Excavating method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a non-circular excavating method for performing excavation having a regular polygon cross section without damaging the advantage of rotation motion. SOLUTION: In the method for excavating a hole (H) in the form of a regular N-angle of N vertical angles, an excavating means (T) formed in the form of a regular (N-1)-angle inscribed to the excavating regular N-angle is used, the excavating means (T) rotates at a prescribed rotating speed along the orbital circle (R) of a prescribed radius centering an excavating center (O), and rotates around an excavation means center (G) at a prescribed speed to excavate. However, the excavating means (T) in the form of the regular (N-1)-angle uses a blade-like excavation bit or jet. In addition, a regular (N+1)-angular excavating means (T) can be used.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for excavating a hole (through hole or blind hole) having a non-circular cross-sectional shape in a boring hole excavating operation or a boring operation of a machine tool. More specifically, the present invention provides
For example, when excavating a boring hole in the ground or drilling by machine work, the cross-sectional shape becomes a regular N-corner shape (N vertex angles are equiangular and each side length is equal). TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a drilling method and apparatus for piercing a hole.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art First, in connection with the excavation work of a boring hole, when excavating soil using power, rotating an excavation bit is one of the most effective excavation methods. At that time, the shape of the excavation naturally becomes circular. But,
For some excavation purposes, a non-circular shape is desirable. For example, in tunnels used for subways and other railways, a square cross section has less waste in excavation (see FIG. 5).
1 and FIG. 52).

[0003] In addition, when the ground is improved by excavating the entire construction portion of the ground to be improved by vertical boring, as shown in FIG. 53, there are many overlapping portions in circular excavation. On the other hand, for example, in the case of drilling a boring hole having a hexagonal cross-sectional shape, as shown in FIG. 54, it is possible to perform drilling over the entire area to be constructed without performing overlapping drilling at all. is there. And since the useless cost by overlapping excavation can be reduced, construction cost can be greatly reduced.

As described above, there are various advantages in excavating a non-circular cross section. However, very little technology is available at this time to drill excavations with non-circular cross-sections.

[0005] A problem similar to the above-mentioned problem in boring hole excavation also exists when a through hole or a blind hole is cut or ground in a base material by machining or the like. The same is true with respect to the fact that a technique effective for drilling a through hole or a blind hole having a non-circular cross section has not been provided at present.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned situation, and has been proposed for excavating a non-circular cross-sectional shape, particularly a boring hole having a regular polygonal cross-sectional shape in boring excavation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a drilling method and a drilling method capable of drilling a through hole or a blind hole having a non-circular cross-sectional shape by cutting or grinding.

[0007]

[Knowledge] As a result of research, the inventors have found the following technical matters. (A) The regular (N-1) square inscribed in the circle of radius "(N-1) 2 r" is defined as the center of the circle (the center of gravity of the N-1 square).
When revolving around the circumference of the radius “r” at an angular velocity “(1-N) ω” while rotating at an angular velocity “ω” around the axis, the sweep range of this regular (N−1) square is "N (N-2) r"
Is a range surrounded by a regular N-corner curve circumscribing the circle.
Then, the regular (N-1) square is defined as a line segment having a length "L = (N-1) 2r" connecting the vertex from the axis (center of gravity),
When revolving around the circumference of the radius "r" at the angular velocity "(1-N) ω" while rotating at the angular velocity "ω", similarly to the above, the tip of the line segment corresponding to the vertex of the regular (N-1) square Is the radius "N
A curve of a regular N-gon shape circumscribing the circle of (N-2) r "is drawn, and the line segment sweeps the inside thereof. (B) Also, the ratio of this line segment to the radius “r” is smaller than “(N−1) 2”, that is, the line segment “L”
Is a line segment inside (closer to the center of gravity) a vertex of a regular (N-1) square inscribed in the circle having the radius "(N-1) 2r", the trajectory of the tip becomes It has a shape having N vertices and connected between the vertices by a curve curved toward the center of gravity, and the line segment sweeps over the enclosed area. (C) On the other hand, while rotating a regular (N + 1) square inscribed in a circle having a radius of “(N + 1) 2 r” at an angular velocity ω about the center of the circle, an angular velocity “ (N +
1) When revolving at ω ”, the sweep range of the regular (N + 1) square is a range surrounded by a regular N-corner-shaped curve circumscribing a circle having a radius of“ N (N + 2) r ”. Then, similarly to the above, the regular (N + 1) polygon can be swept even if the regular (N + 1) polygon is a line segment “L” from the center of gravity to the vertex. (D) Also, the ratio of the line segment “L” to the radius “r” is smaller than “(N + 1) 2”, that is, the tip of the line segment is formed into a circle of the radius “(N + 1) 2r”. Assuming that the line segment is inside (closer to the center of gravity) the vertex of the inscribed regular (N + 1) polygon, the trajectory of the tip is N rounds (R)
Are formed, and a closed curve is formed by connecting the vertices with a curve, and the line segment sweeps the enclosed area. In the above findings and the present specification, the positive and negative signs attached to the angular velocities are used to indicate that the rotational directions of the positive and negative angular velocities are opposite to each other. Have been.

[0008]

The present invention has been made based on the above findings. An excavation method according to the present invention is directed to an excavation method for excavating a boring hole having a horizontal cross-sectional shape having a substantially N-sided N-vertex angle, wherein a positive (N-
1) An excavation bit having an angular contour is rotated at an angular velocity "ω" while revolving around a circle having a radius "r" concentrically with the center of the boring hole, and excavating the regular (N-1) square shape. The bit has a contour inscribed in a circle having a radius of (N-1) 2r, and the revolving angular velocity of the regular (N-1) square excavation bit is "(1-N) ω". (N-1) The ratio of the distance from the rotation center of the drill bit to the tip to the radial distance where the rotation center of the square drill bit is separated from the center line of the boring hole is 2 (N-1) 2.
In the following, a numerical value in the range of (1/4) (N-1) 2 or more is set (claim 1).

In the excavator of the present invention, the number of apex angles is N
A drilling apparatus for drilling a boring hole having a horizontal cross-sectional shape of a regular N-corner includes a regular (N-1) square-shaped drilling bit, and the drilling bit is formed into a circle having a radius of (N-1) 2r. It has an inscribed contour, rotates at an angular velocity “ω” while revolving on a circle of radius “r” concentric with the center of the boring hole, and its revolving angular velocity becomes “(1-N) ω”. The ratio of the distance from the center of rotation of the drill bit to the tip to the radial distance in which the center of rotation of the regular (N-1) square drill bit is away from the center line of the boring hole is as follows. 2 (N-1) 2 or less (1/4)
(N-1) 2 It is a numerical value in the above range (claim 7).

According to the excavating method and the excavating apparatus of the present invention configured as described above, for example, the above ratio is (N-1) 2
In the case of, based on the knowledge (A) described above, the regular (N-1) square excavation bit sweeps a boring hole having a regular N square horizontal cross-sectional shape corresponding to the line segment. And the sweep range is positive (N-1)
Drilled by a square drill bit. That is, the regular (N-1) square excavation bit has a radius "N (N-2)
The range of the regular N-corner circumscribing the circle of "r" is swept, so that the regular N-corner-shaped boring hole is excavated.

Next, in the above-described excavation method of the present invention, a boring hole having a regular N-gonal cross-sectional shape whose side connecting the vertices is (substantially) straight is excavated.
For example, there is a case where it is desired to make the circumferential length of the cross section (the length of the contour of the cross-sectional shape) longer than the cross-sectional area like a friction pile.

In order to respond to such a demand, based on the knowledge (B), if the ratio is set to be smaller than (N-1) 2 and equal to or larger than (1/4) (N-1) 2 , The cross-sectional shape of the sweep range of the drill bit has N vertices and a curve (curved line that curves toward the center line side of the boring hole)
Is formed from a single closed area consisting of
Therefore, it is possible to excavate a boring hole having a cross-sectional shape suitable for construction of a friction pile or the like, that is, a cross-section in which the circumference of the contour is longer than the cross-sectional area.

Here, the ratio is (1/4) (N-1)
If it is smaller than 2, the cross-sectional area of the drilled hole will be a shape composed of a plurality of closed areas. Such a cross-sectional shape is not required for ordinary drilling work. That is, the cross-sectional shape composed of a plurality of closed regions does not meet the demands of the construction site.

On the other hand, even if the above ratio slightly exceeds (N-1) 2, there is no problem in the construction of the boring hole excavation work. In such a case, the cross-sectional shape is not circular but a circular shape. However, if the above ratio is too large, the cross-sectional shape of the drilled hole becomes substantially circular, which results in poor profit of performing the drilling having a non-circular cross section. Therefore, when the above ratio is 2
It is preferable to set so as not to exceed (N-1) 2.

Further, in the excavation method of the present invention, in the excavation method of excavating a boring hole having a cross section of a substantially N-sided shape having N apex angles, N-1 or less blades are radially formed on the rod. Using a blade-shaped drilling bit arranged and configured, a rod of the blade-shaped drilling bit is radially separated from a boring rod coaxial with the center line of a boring hole to be drilled, and the blade-shaped drilling bit is centered on the rod. Rotate the bit around the boring rod while rotating the bit, and when the angular velocity at which the blade-shaped drilling bit rotates around the boring rod is ω, the angular velocity at which the drilling bit revolves around the boring rod Is "(1-N) ω", and the radial distance at which the rotation center of the blade-shaped drill bit is separated from the center line of the boring hole The ratio of the distance from the rotation center of the excavation bit to the tip of the excavation bit is set to a numerical value in the range of 2 (N-1) 2 or less and (1/4) (N-1) 2 or more. 3).

A corresponding excavator according to the present invention is an excavator for excavating a boring hole having an N-vertical shape and an N-shaped cross section, wherein the boring hole is coaxial with the center line of the boring hole to be excavated. A boring rod, and a blade-shaped drill bit formed by radially arranging "N-1" or less blades on the rod, wherein the rod of the blade-shaped drill bit is radially separated from the boring rod. The blade-shaped excavating bit is configured to revolve around the rod when the angular velocity at which the blade-shaped excavating bit rotates around the rod is “ω”. The angular velocity revolving around the circumference is “(1-N) ω”, and the rotation center of the blade-shaped excavation bit is at a radial distance away from the center line of the boring hole. The ratio of the distance from the rotation center of the bit to the tip of the bit is 2 (N-1) 2 or less (1/1 /
4) (N-1) 2 It is a numerical value in the above range (claim 9).

According to the excavation method and apparatus of the present invention configured as described above, for example, when the above ratio is (N-1) 2, the blade-shaped excavation bit is based on the above knowledge (A). Can sweep a boring hole having a regular N-sided horizontal cross-sectional shape corresponding to the line segment, and the sweep range is drilled by a drill bit. That is, the drill bit has a radius of “N (N−2) r”.
The range of the regular N-corner circumscribing the circle is swept, and a regular N-corner-shaped boring hole is excavated.

In the above-described excavation method of the present invention, a boring hole having a regular N-gonal cross-sectional shape whose side connecting the vertices is (substantially) straight is excavated. In some cases, it is desired to increase the circumferential length of the cross section (the length of the contour of the cross sectional shape) as compared with the cross sectional area. In order to respond to such a demand, based on the knowledge (B), the rotation center of the blade-shaped drilling bit is separated from the center line of the boring hole by a radial distance “r” and the rotation center of the drilling bit. The ratio of the distance “L” to the tip or the ratio of the radial distance “r” at which the monitor is separated from the center line of the boring hole and the reach distance “L” of the fluid for excavating the ground is represented by “(N−1) ) 2 ", the cross-sectional shape of the sweep range of the drill bit has N vertices, and
The shape is formed of a single closed region consisting of a curve (a curved line that curves toward the center line side of the borehole). Therefore, it is possible to excavate a boring hole having a cross-sectional shape suitable for construction of a friction pile or the like, that is, a cross-section in which the circumference of the contour is longer than the cross-sectional area.

Also in this case, the ratio is (1/1 /
4) If it is smaller than (N-1) 2, the cross-sectional area of the excavated boring hole becomes a shape composed of a plurality of closed areas, and the cross-sectional shape does not match the actual situation of the excavation work.

On the other hand, even if the above ratio slightly exceeds (N-1) 2, there is usually no problem in the construction of the excavation work.
It is possible to excavate a cross section that is closer to a circle than a square shape. However, if the above ratio is too large, the cross-sectional shape of the drilled borehole becomes substantially circular, and the benefit of excavating with a non-circular cross section is lost. Therefore, it is preferable that the ratio does not exceed 2 (N-1) 2.

The number of blades is preferably such that (N-1) blades are arranged radially, and their tips are arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction so that their tips are at a positive (N-1) angle. Also, (N-1)
In the case where the number is less than the number, it is preferable to dispose them toward any one of the positive (N-1) angles.

In the present invention, regardless of whether a regular (N-1) square excavation bit, a blade-shaped bit, or a drilling fluid is used, the cross-sectional shape of the excavation to be excavated is positive (N-1). The square is an envelope created by eccentric rotation, and each apex of the excavated regular N is rounded,
Also, each side cannot be called a straight line in a strict sense.
However, in practice, the cross-sectional shape of the excavation excavated by the present invention is considered to be a regular N-gon and there is no problem at all.

The drilling method according to the present invention is directed to a drilling method for drilling a boring hole having an N-vertical shape and a substantially N-sided cross-sectional shape, wherein the boring rod is coaxial with a center line of the boring hole to be drilled. A drilling monitor provided on the boring rod and configured to rotate therearound; and a drilling fluid provided at a peripheral portion of the drilling monitor and rotating around the monitor to radially inject drilling fluid. When the angular velocity at which the nozzle rotates around the monitor is “ω”, the angular velocity at which the monitor rotates around the boring rod is “(1 −N) ω ”, and the monitor sets the ratio of the reach of the drilling fluid to the radial distance apart from the centerline of the borehole equal to or less than 2 (N−1) 2 (1/4) (N Is characterized in that 1) a numerical value of 2 or more ranges were (claim 5).

The excavator of the present invention corresponding to such a method includes:
In a drilling apparatus for drilling a boring hole having a cross-sectional shape of an N-vertical shape having N apex angles, a boring rod coaxial with a center line of a boring hole to be drilled, and a boring rod provided on the boring rod and surrounding the boring rod A drilling monitor configured to rotate, and "N-1" or less nozzles provided at a peripheral portion of the drilling monitor and injecting a drilling fluid in a radial direction while rotating around the monitor; Has,
When the angular velocity at which the nozzle rotates around the monitor is “ω”, the angular velocity at which the monitor rotates around the boring rod is “(1-N) ω”,
The monitor sets the ratio of the reach of the drilling fluid to the radial distance apart from the centerline of the borehole in a range of 2 (N-1) 2 or less and (1/4) (N-1) 2 or more. It is characterized by numerical values.
1).

According to the excavating method and apparatus of the present invention having the above-described configuration, when the ratio is “(N−1) 2”, the injected excavating fluid is based on the finding (A). However, a boring hole having a regular N-sided horizontal cross-sectional shape having N vertices corresponding to the line segment can be excavated.

If the ratio is smaller than "(N-1) 2", the range where the excavating fluid excavates has N vertices and is formed of a curve based on the knowledge (B). Since it has a substantially N-shaped cross section composed of a single closed region, it has a cross-sectional shape suitable for construction of a friction pile or the like that requires a large surface area.

Also in this case, the ratio is (1 /
4) If it is smaller than (N-1) 2, the cross-sectional area of the drilled hole becomes a shape composed of a plurality of closed areas, and it becomes difficult to control the cross-sectional area of the borehole. The resulting cross-sectional shape will not match.

On the other hand, even if the above ratio slightly exceeds (N-1) 2, the problem is usually that the excavation work has a cross-sectional shape which is closer to a circle than an N-shape. It is thought that there is not. However, if the above ratio is too large, the cross-sectional shape of the drilled borehole becomes substantially circular, and the benefit of excavating with a non-circular cross section is lost. Therefore, it is preferable that the ratio does not exceed 2 (N-1) 2.

According to the excavation method of the present invention, a drilling monitor having a regular (N + 1) square contour is provided. While revolving around a circle of radius "r" concentric with the center of the boring hole and rotating at an angular velocity "ω", the excavation monitor of the regular (N + 1) square shape has a circle of radius "(N + 1) 2r". And the revolving angular velocity of the regular (N + 1) square excavation monitor is “(N + 1) ω”, and the rotation center of the regular (N + 1) square excavation monitor is the boring center. The ratio of the distance from the rotation center to the tip of the excavation monitor to the radial distance apart from the center line of the hole is 2 (N + 1) 2
In the following, a numerical value in the range of (1/4) (N + 1) 2 or more is set (claim 2).

The excavator of the present invention corresponding to such a method includes:
A drilling apparatus for drilling a boring hole having a regular N-corner horizontal cross-sectional shape having N apex angles has a regular (N + 1) square drill bit, and the drill bit has a radius of “(N +
1) It has a contour inscribed in the circle of 2r ", and revolves around the circumference of the radius" r "concentrically with the center of the boring hole while rotating at an angular velocity" ω ", and its revolution angular velocity is" ( N + 1)
ω ”, and the distance from the center of rotation of the drill bit to the tip with respect to the radial distance of the center of rotation of the regular (N + 1) square drill bit from the center line of the boring hole. The ratio is a numerical value in a range of 2 (N + 1) 2 or less and (1/4) (N + 1) 2 or more (claim 8).

According to the excavation method and apparatus of the present invention having the above-described configuration, if the above ratio is set to be “(N + 1) 2”, for example, the positive (N +
1) A square excavation bit has a radius “N” corresponding to the line segment.
Sweep the cross-sectional shape of the regular N-gonal shape circumscribing the circle of (N + 2) r ", excavate that range (that is, the range having the N-angled cross-section), and excavate the N-hole-shaped boring hole. I can do it.

If the ratio is smaller than "(N + 1) 2", based on the finding (D), the positive (N +
1) The sweep range of a square drill bit can be a range of a shape having N rounded vertices and a closed area defined by a curve. Such a cross-sectional shape is suitable for construction of a friction pile or the like that requires a large surface area.

In this case, the ratio is (1/4)
If it is smaller than (N + 1) 2, the cross-sectional area of the drilled hole becomes a shape composed of a plurality of closed regions, and it becomes difficult to control the cross-sectional area of the borehole, which may not be suitable for the actual situation of the excavation work. Exists.

On the other hand, even if the above ratio slightly exceeds (N + 1) 2, there is usually no problem in excavation work except that the cross-sectional shape is closer to a circle rather than an N-sided shape. Conceivable. However, if the above ratio is too large, the cross-sectional shape of the drilled borehole becomes substantially circular, and the benefit of excavating with a non-circular cross section is lost. Therefore, it is preferable that the above ratio does not exceed 2 (N + 1) 2.

Further, according to the excavation method of the present invention, in the excavation method for excavating a boring hole having an N-vertical shape and an N-shaped cross section, “N + 1” or less blades are radially arranged on the rod. Using a blade-shaped drilling bit constructed as described above, the rod of the blade-shaped drilling bit is provided radially separated from a boring rod coaxial with the center line of the boring hole to be drilled, and the blade-shaped drilling bit is centered on the rod. When the angular speed at which the blade-shaped excavating bit rotates around the boring rod is ω, the angular speed at which the excavating bit revolves around the boring rod is “(N + 1) ω”, and the radial distance at which the rotation center of the blade-shaped drilling bit is separated from the center line of the boring hole The ratio of the distance from the rotation center of the excavation bit to the tip with respect to the separation is a numerical value in a range of 2 (N + 1) 2 or less and (1/4) (N + 1) 2 or more (claim 4).

The excavator of the present invention corresponding to such a method includes:
In a drilling apparatus for drilling a boring hole having a cross-sectional shape of an N-vertical shape having a number of apex angles of N, a boring rod coaxial with the center line of the boring hole to be drilled, and "N + 1" or less blades on the rod. A blade-shaped drilling bit arranged radially, wherein a rod of the blade-shaped drilling bit is provided radially apart from the boring rod, and revolves around the periphery thereof while rotating around itself. When the angular velocity at which the blade-shaped excavation bit rotates around the rod is “ω”, the angular velocity at which the excavation bit revolves around the boring rod is “(N + 1) ω”, and the blade The distance from the center of rotation of the drill bit to the tip with respect to the radial distance in which the center of rotation of the drill bit is away from the center line of the boring hole. It is characterized in that the separation ratio is a numerical value in the range of 2 (N + 1) 2 or less and (1/4) (N + 1) 2 or more (claim 10).

In the present invention having the above configuration,
For example, if the ratio is set to “(N + 1) 2”, based on the knowledge (C), the positive N that the blade-shaped drill bit corresponds to the line segment and circumscribes a circle of radius “N (N + 2) r”
By sweeping the rectangular cross-sectional shape and excavating the area, a boring hole having a regular N-shaped cross-section can be excavated.

The number of blades is preferably such that (N + 1) blades are arranged radially and are arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction so that their tips are at a positive (N + 1) angle. Also, (N + 1)
In the case where the number is less than the number, it is preferable to dispose them toward any one of the positive (N + 1) angles.

In the present invention, for example, the above ratio is expressed as “(N
+1) 2 ”, the blade-shaped drilling bit is based on the finding (D) and has a shape of a single closed curve having N vertices and connecting the vertices with a curved curve. It is possible to excavate and drill a boring hole having a horizontal cross-sectional shape of a substantially N-sided shape. Here, when the ratio is smaller than "(1/4) (N + 1) 2",
The cross-sectional shape of the borehole is composed of a plurality of closed regions consisting of curves. Such a shape is not suitable for the demands of drilling a borehole. Therefore, the ratio should be selected to be equal to or more than "(1/4) (N + 1) 2".

On the other hand, even if the above ratio slightly exceeds (N + 1) 2, it is considered that there is no problem in excavation work, except that the cross-sectional shape is closer to a circle than an N-sided shape. . However, if the ratio is too large, the cross-sectional shape of the drilled hole becomes substantially circular, and it becomes meaningless to perform the excavation having a non-circular cross section. Therefore, it is preferable that the above ratio does not exceed 2 (N + 1) 2.

According to the drilling method of the present invention, there is provided a drilling method for drilling a boring hole having a cross section of a substantially N-sided shape having N apex angles, wherein the boring rod is coaxial with a center line of the boring hole to be drilled; A drilling monitor provided on the boring rod and configured to rotate therearound; and a drilling fluid provided at a peripheral portion of the drilling monitor and radially ejecting a drilling fluid while rotating around the monitor. When the angular velocity at which the nozzle rotates around the monitor is “ω”, the angular velocity at which the monitor rotates around the boring rod is “(N + 1) ω”. And the monitor sets the ratio of the reach of the drilling fluid to the radial distance away from the centerline of the borehole to be (１ ／) (N + 1) below 2 (N + 1) 2. It is characterized in that a numerical value of more than the range (claim 6).

The excavator of the present invention corresponding to such a method includes:
In an excavator for excavating a boring hole having a regular N-sided cross-sectional shape having N apex angles, a boring rod coaxial with a center line of the boring hole to be excavated, and a boring rod provided on the boring rod and surrounding the boring rod. A drilling monitor configured to rotate, and "N + 1" or less nozzles provided on the periphery of the drilling monitor and rotating around the monitor and injecting a drilling fluid in a radial direction. And the angular velocity at which the nozzle rotates around the monitor is “ω”
Where the angular velocity at which the monitor rotates around the boring rod is "(N + 1) ω", and the ratio of the reach of the drilling fluid to the radial distance the monitor is spaced from the centerline of the borehole To 2 (N +
1) A numerical value in a range of 2 or less and (1/4) (N + 1) 2 or more (claim 12).

According to the present invention having the above-described configuration, for example, if the above ratio is set to "(N + 1) 2", based on the knowledge (C), the center is coaxial with the center line of the boring hole to be excavated. The drilling monitor provided on the boring rod rotates around the boring rod, and the drilling range is obtained by injecting a drilling fluid from a nozzle provided on the periphery of the drilling monitor and rotating around the monitor. The range is a regular N-gonal shape circumscribing a circle having a radius of “N (N + 2) r”.

If the above ratio is set to "(N + 1) 2" or less, the injected drilling fluid corresponds to the "line segment" described in the knowledge (D) based on the knowledge (D). In this case, a boring hole having N regular vertices can be excavated by excavating an area having N vertices and having an N-shaped cross section. Here, the ratio is “(1
/ 4) (N + 1) 2 ", the cross-sectional shape of the borehole is composed of a plurality of closed regions formed by curves, which is not suitable for the demand of drilling a borehole. Therefore, the ratio is “(1/4)
A value greater than (N + 1) 2 "should be selected.

On the other hand, even if the above ratio slightly exceeds (N + 1) 2, it is considered that there is no problem in excavation work, except that the cross-sectional shape is closer to a circle than an N-sided shape. . However, if the ratio is too large, the cross-sectional shape of the drilled hole becomes substantially circular, and it becomes meaningless to perform the excavation having a non-circular cross section. Therefore, it is preferable that the above ratio does not exceed 2 (N + 1) 2.

Here, it is preferable that the nozzles are provided in pairs, and the drilling fluid forms a so-called "cross jet". This is because the crossing jet can control the reach of the drilling fluid with extremely high precision.

As described above, according to the present invention, a regular polygonal shape can be excavated by the excavation fluid ejected from the blade-shaped excavation bit or the nozzle provided on the periphery of the monitor. It can be applied to other various excavation works.

[0048]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, referring to FIGS. 1 to 21, a regular (N-1) square is rotated based on the above knowledge (A) to form a regular N (or a regular (N-1) square). A method of excavating a regular N-sided boring hole by using an excavation bit) will be described. In FIG. 1, the vertices are represented by symbols A, B, C, D
A square (boring hole) H is formed by rotating an equilateral triangle (digging bit) T inscribed in the square H (digging).
An example is shown. 2 to 7 show a mode in which a regular square hole H is sequentially created by the regular triangle T.

In the figure, an equilateral triangle T (a drill bit having an outline of a regular (N-1) square shape) is inscribed in a square (boring hole) H having one side 2a, and its center of gravity (center of gravity) G is A trajectory R having a radius “r” is revolved counterclockwise from the center O of the square H, and the rotation angle (revolving angle) is indicated by θ. The equilateral triangle T rotates clockwise at a speed of 1/3 of the revolving speed, and its rotation angle (rotation angle) is indicated by φ. Also, from the center of gravity G of the equilateral triangle T to the vertex P
Is L = a / cos 30 °, and
Distance “r” between the center of gravity (O, G) of the square H and the equilateral triangle T
Is r = La = (sec30 ° -1) a, and “r” is the radius of the orbit R.

FIG. 2 shows a state in which a line segment L connecting the vertex P of the equilateral triangle T and the center of gravity G overlaps the X axis, and this state is defined as a rotation angle θ = 0 °. Hereinafter, FIGS. 3 and 4 show the rotation at θ = 45 ° and 90 °, respectively.
Rotates in the opposite directions of φ = 15 ° and 30 °, and the trajectory of the vertex P forms one side of the square H. The vertical corner at θ = 135 ° in FIG. 5 is rounded, and the next side is formed at θ = 180 ° and 270 ° in FIGS. 6 and 7. Similarly, each side is formed at another vertex (not shown) of the equilateral triangle T, and the square H is formed in a square shape.

FIG. 8 shows the trajectory of the vertex P when the equilateral triangle (digging bit) T is rotated as described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7 as an envelope. It is clearly shown that the locus of the vertex P forms a square H. In FIG. 8, the trajectory of the center of gravity G of the equilateral triangle T is indicated by a symbol GT. Here, as shown in FIG. 8, the created square H is an envelope due to the eccentric rotation of the equilateral triangle T, and each apex angle is rounded, and each side has a strict meaning. Cannot be called a straight line. However, the shape of the square H shown in FIG. 8 has no problem in drilling a boring hole because it is practically considered to be a square (regular square).

FIG. 9 shows a square T4 and a regular pentagon H
5 and a regular pentagon T5 and a regular hexagon H6 in FIG.
Is shown. In this case, the orbit circle radius “r” is the distance between the two polygonal centers of gravity (OG), and r = a
{Sec (π / N) −1} / 2. Here, a is the distance between the center O of the regular N-gon and one side (see FIG. 9).

In each of the above examples, it has been described that a regular (N-1) square is eccentrically rotated to create a regular N-sided polygon, which will be described in detail later (FIGS. 17 to 19). Positive (N-
1) By rotating a line segment connecting the center of gravity (center of rotation) and each vertex of the square, the tip similarly draws a regular N-gon, and the line segment is converted into a blade-like drilling bit (or a jet of drilling fluid).
Then, it can be easily understood that a regular polygonal boring hole can be excavated. FIGS. 11 to 16 show boring holes H3 to H8 from a regular triangular shape (FIG. 11) to a regular octagonal shape (FIG. 16) and orbits R3 to R8 of the rotation center (center of gravity) of the cutter shaft, respectively.

Next, an embodiment of excavation using the cutter will be described with reference to FIGS. Note that, here, an example will be described in which a jet is ejected from nozzles provided at equal intervals in a circumferential direction toward a vertex of the regular polygon, and excavation is performed on a peripheral portion of the monitor provided at the center of gravity of the regular polygon, The same is true for a blade-shaped excavator that extends radially from the center of gravity to the apex.

In FIG. 17 to FIG. 21, a boring hole is excavated in a regular quadrangular shape having a side length a by revolving around the circumference of a radius “r” at an angular velocity ω and rotating in the opposite direction at an angular velocity 3ω. An embodiment in which an improved body is formed) will be described as an example. In FIG. 17, jets J1 and J2 constituting the cross jet are represented by a single arrow J, and the nozzles N1 and N2 are also represented by points N to simplify the illustration.

FIG. 17 shows an improved body 10 having a square cross section.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing one process of the formation of the nozzle N. In this figure, the radius of a circle formed by the trajectory (revolution trajectory) TL of the nozzle N is “r”, and the initial position of the nozzle N ( The coordinates (x, y) of the position (shown in FIG. 17) are (r, 0), and when this is generalized, the following equations (2) and (3) are obtained. x = r · cosΩt (2) y = r · sinΩt (3) In the equations (2) and (3), the symbol Ω denotes an angular velocity at which the nozzle N rotates around a monitor (not shown). (Revolution angular velocity)
It is. At the initial position shown in FIG. 17, the jet J from the nozzle N is jetted leftward on the X-axis, and its tip is indicated by the symbol JE.

In FIG. 17, the revolution locus of the nozzle N is
This coincides with the locus of the center of gravity of the equilateral triangle when the equilateral triangle having the length of one side a is always inscribed in the square 10 (the square having the length of a side of a).

FIGS. 18 to 21 show the progress of cutting by the jet J, and the symbol θ indicates the angle of the nozzle N revolved. FIG. 18 shows that the nozzle N
Π / 2 counterclockwise with respect to the position indicated by 7 (initial position)
(Rad) shows a state of revolution. Then, the nozzle N has a revolution speed Ω (= 3ω = (N−1) ω: N =
4), the jet J spins in the opposite direction at an angular velocity "-ω" of 1/3, so that the jet J jetted therefrom is not parallel to the X-axis, but at an angle as shown in FIG. (Rotation angle). Then, the jet J moves due to the revolution and rotation of the nozzle N, and the tip JE also moves. As a result, the hatched region in FIG. 18 is cut and mixed with the ground improvement material. Here, the cross-sectional shape of the improved region is a cross-sectional shape that cannot be formed by a conventional improved body having a circular cross-section.

At this time, in the cut and improved area (the area indicated by hatching), the line connecting the point F and the point JE is a straight line parallel to the Y axis. In other words, the tip of the jet J moves upward in the figure in parallel with the Y axis. The symbol TL indicates the orbit.
Also at this stage, the line segment connecting the point F and the point JE is
It is a straight line parallel to the Y axis. For simplification of illustration, in FIGS. 19 to 21, improved regions are not hatched.

FIG. 19 shows a state in which the nozzle N has revolved around the initial position in the counterclockwise direction by θ = π (rad). At this stage, the tip J-
E moves in the clockwise direction in the figure parallel to the X axis after moving parallel to the Y axis. At the stage shown in FIG. 20, that is, at the stage when the nozzle N has revolved around the initial position by θ = 5π / 4, the tip JE of the jet J further moves clockwise in the figure in parallel with the X axis. are doing. Then, when the nozzle N revolves around θ = 2π (rad) (in other words, makes one revolution on the revolution trajectory TL), the tip JE of the jet J reaches a position as shown in FIG.

Although not shown, when the nozzle N revolves around the initial position by θ = 6π, that is, when the nozzle N makes three revolutions on the revolution trajectory TL, the tip JE of the jet J
Returns to the initial position F (that is, performs one rotation), and a region having a square cross section, that is, a square cross section is cut. In FIGS. 17 to 21, a slight round (R) is provided at the corner of the excavated square section 10.
However, the difference between the right-angled corner and the rounded corner is negligibly small in actual construction.

Next, an embodiment based on the finding (C) will be described with reference to FIGS. here,
In the embodiments of FIGS. 22 to 25, the cross-sectional shape (regular N-sided shape) of the boring hole is a quadrangle. That is, N
= 4. In addition, although it demonstrates by the drill bit which has a regular "N + 1" (5) square profile, the blade-like drill cutter (or jet) which extends radially from the center of gravity of a regular (N + 1) square to each vertex angle is exactly the same. Excavation is the same as described in the previous example.

In FIGS. 22 to 25, a regular pentagonal (positive “N + 1” square) cutter P (a drill bit having a contour of a regular (N + 1) square shape) has a center of gravity (center of gravity) G which is boring. A circular orbit R having a radius “r” is moved clockwise (revolving) from the center O of the hole H, and the rotation angle (revolving angle) is indicated by a symbol “θ”. Where cutter P
The radius “r” of the locus drawn by the center of gravity is 1/25 of the radius of a circle (not shown in FIGS. 22 to 25) circumscribing the cutter P.
(That is, 1 / (N + 1) 2). In other words, the regular pentagonal cutter P has a radius of 25r (that is, “(N
+1) 2 r ") circle (not shown in FIGS. 22 to 25)
. On the other hand, the cutter P revolves and rotates at the same time, and the rotation speed is 1/5 of the revolving speed (that is, "1 / (N + 1)"), and the rotation angle (rotation angle) is the sign. Indicated by “ψ”.

In considering the sweep range of the digging bit of the pentagonal cutter P shown in FIGS. 22 to 25, only the locus of the vertex PE-1 of the pentagonal cutter P will be considered below. In FIGS. 22 to 25, the symbol “IS” indicates a cross-sectional shape when it is assumed that a completely square boring hole can be excavated. In other words, the symbol “IS” indicates an ideal cross-sectional shape. ing.

FIG. 22 shows a state where the cutter P has revolved 270 ° and rotated 54 ° with respect to the initial state. Thereby, one vertex PE-1 of the cutter P is obtained.
Draws a trajectory indicated by reference numeral “TR-21” from the origin PO.

In the state shown in FIG. 23, the cutter P revolves 630 ° and rotates 126 °. As a result, the vertex PE-1 of the cutter P draws a locus indicated by the symbol “TR-22”.

In the state shown in FIG. 24, the cutter P revolves 1260 ° and rotates 252 °. As a result, the vertex PE-1 of the cutter P draws a locus indicated by the symbol “TR-23”.

In the state shown in FIG. 25, the cutter P revolves 1800 ° and rotates 360 °. That is, since the cutter P makes one rotation by rotation, its vertex PE
A value of -1 indicates a locus of a closed shape as indicated by reference numeral "TR-24". This locus TR-24 and the ideal sectional shape I
Comparing with S, the locus TR-24 (that is, the sectional shape of the region excavated by the cutter P) has four corners in an arc shape. However, a roughly quadrangular trajectory is drawn, and in practice, it may be considered that a boring hole having a square cross section has been excavated.

As described above, in FIGS. 22 to 25, the creation of a regular N-sided hole by a regular (N + 1) square based on the finding (C) will be described by taking the creation of a square-shaped hole by a pentagonal drill bit as an example. Examples of other arbitrary N-shaped holes are omitted, but they can be similarly created.

Next, as described in the above knowledge (B), the monitor calculates the ratio of the radial distance “r” separated from the center line of the borehole to the reach distance “L” of the ground excavating fluid by: Alternatively, the ratio of the radial distance between the center of rotation of the blade-shaped drilling bit and the center line of the boring hole and the distance from the center of rotation of the drilling bit to the tip (that is, the radius of revolution and the rotation center of the drilling bit to the drilling bit). If the ratio L / r to the distance to the tip is smaller than (N-1) 2, the cross-sectional shape of the sweep range of the drill bits T and P has N vertices and Can be formed in a shape in which the side connecting is constituted by a curved line. 26 to 31
FIG. 17 shows the case where the ratio is (N-1).
22 shows a cross-sectional shape of a boring hole excavated according to the embodiment described in FIGS. Here, FIG.
3, FIG. 27 shows N = 4, FIG. 28 shows N = 5, and FIG.
6, FIG. 30 shows the case where N = 7, and FIG. 31 shows the case where N = 8.

FIG. 32 shows the ratio of the orbital radius "r" to the distance L from the center of rotation to the tip of the drilling bit ("the radial distance from which the monitor is separated from the center line of the boring hole, Or the ratio of the radial distance at which the rotation center of the blade-shaped drilling bit is separated from the center line of the boring hole and the distance from the rotation center of the drilling bit to the tip. ) L
In the case where / r is set to "N", an example of N = 4 is shown.

In the description of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 26 to 31, the other configurations are substantially the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIGS.

As described above, the ratio between the revolution radius “r” and the distance L from the center of rotation to the tip of the drill bit (the radial distance at which the monitor is separated from the center line of the boring hole, Or the ratio of the radial distance at which the rotation center of the blade-shaped drilling bit is separated from the center line of the boring hole to the distance from the rotation center of the drilling bit to the tip) L / r. , (N-
If it is smaller than 1), the tip trajectory of the drill bit T, P is made up of a plurality of closed regions consisting of curves and is shaped so as to be symmetric with respect to the center of the boring hole. Is possible. FIGS. 34 to 39 show the cases where the “plurality of closed regions” is N and the ratio L / r is “1”.
1 shows a cross-sectional shape of a boring hole created according to one embodiment. Here, FIG. 34 shows N = 3, FIG. 35 shows N = 4, FIG. 36 shows N = 5, FIG. 37 shows N = 6, and FIG.
= 7, and FIG. 39 shows the case of N = 8. When the ratio L / r is small and the trajectory of the tip forms a plurality of closed regions, the sweeping region of the blade-shaped drill bit (or jet) is within the closed region. It doesn't stop there.

FIG. 33 shows “a plurality of closed areas”.
Are (N + 1) and the cross-sectional shape of a borehole of N = 4 when the ratio is “N−2”.

Next, an embodiment based on the knowledge (D) is shown in FIG.
0 to FIG. FIGS. 40 to 42 show a radius where the rotation center of the blade-shaped drilling bit is separated from the center line of the boring hole using (N + 1) = 5 blade-shaped drilling bits. Direction distance "r"
And the ratio of the distance "L" from the rotation center to the tip of the excavation bit is changed to 27, 18 and 9 respectively. 43 to 45 show N
In this case, the ratio L / r is changed to 33.75, 18 and 9, respectively, using (N + 1) = 7 blade-shaped drilling bits for a regular N-sided boring hole of = 6. As described above, when the ratio L / r is made smaller than (N + 1) 2, the round (R) at the apex of the formed regular N-shaped boring hole gradually increases, and the shape like a flower is obtained. Is formed.

Next, referring to FIGS. 46 to 48, a regular N-gon (for example, square: regular 4)
An embodiment of an excavator for excavating a boring hole having a (square) cross-sectional shape will be described.

FIGS. 46 and 47 show three blades R1, R2, centrally connected (particularly as shown in FIG. 46).
The cutter having the R3 or the drill bit T-1 is shown in FIGS.
As described with reference to FIG. 8, an embodiment for excavating a square (square) boring hole by rotating and revolving as in the case of a regular triangle (drilling bit: reference “T” in FIGS. 1 to 8) is used. Explain.

In FIG. 46, a blade-shaped excavating bit generally denoted by T-1 has three blades R1 and R arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the rotation center VO.
2, R3, and each of the blades R1, R2, R3 is provided with a plurality of excavating chips BBC.
Here, the rotation center VO of the blade-shaped drill bit T-1
Is a regular triangular center of gravity formed by connecting the vertices R1-P, R2-P, and R3-P of the blades since the blades R1 to R3 are of equal length.

The rotation center VO is the center O of the boring hole H excavated by the blade-shaped excavating bit T-1.
Is eccentric by the distance “r”. Boring hole H
39 coincides with the center axis of the boring rod 60 of the boring machine indicated by reference numeral 100 in FIG. In other words, the blade-shaped excavation bit T-1 has its rotation center VO on the circumference separated by the distance “r” from the center axis O of the boring rod 60 of the boring machine indicated by reference numeral 100 in FIG. While revolving, it is spinning.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 46 and 47, when the angular speed at which the blade-shaped drill bit T-1 rotates is "ω", the periphery of the boring rod 60 (or the center O of the boring hole H) is reduced. The angular velocity at which the blade-shaped excavation bit T-1 revolves is “(1-N) ω”. Also, as described above, the blade-shaped drill bit T-1
Is the center O of the boring hole H (or
The radial distance apart from the center axis of the boring rod 60) is “r”, but the tip R1-P, R2- of each blade R1, R2, R3 from the rotation center VO of the blade-shaped drill bit T-1. The distance to P and R3-P is "(N-
1) 2r ". As a result, the sweep range of the blade-shaped excavation bit T-1, that is, the cross-sectional shape of the boring hole H excavated by the excavation bit T-1, is a positive circle circumscribing a circle having a radius “N (N-2) r”. It has a quadrangular shape.

Other configurations and operational effects in the embodiment of FIGS. 46 and 47 are described with reference to FIGS.
This is the same as the embodiment.

Further, similarly to FIGS. 46 and 47, a cutter or drill bit P-1 having a cross-sectional shape composed of five rods connected at the center as shown in FIG. When the rotation and revolving are performed as described, a square (square) boring hole is formed in the same manner as a cutter having a shape indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 48 (an equilateral triangular cutter: symbol “P” in FIGS. 22 to 25). Can be excavated.

In the description of each of the above embodiments, the excavation of a regular N-sided boring hole is performed by rotating (N-1) blade-shaped excavating bits or jets in a direction opposite to the revolution.
Alternatively, an example of excavating by rotating (N + 1) blade-shaped excavating bits or jets in the same direction as the revolution has been described. However, even if the number of blade-shaped drill bits or jets is (N-1) or less, or (N + 1) or less, drilling of a regular N-shaped hole is possible in the same manner.
At this time, each of these bits or jets needs to be provided toward the apex angle of a regular (N-1) square or a regular (N + 1) square.

FIGS. 49 and 50 show the (N-1) square drilling bit (FIG. 49) or the jet (FIG. 50) which is a secondary bit for drilling a regular N square boring hole. Alternatively, the embodiment is configured by adding a jet. That is, in FIG. 49, when the square boring hole H is excavated by the regular triangular excavation bit T, the sub bit Ta having a phase shifted from the bit T by 60 ° is provided to perform the construction. In the excavation using the jet shown in FIG. 50, the secondary jets Ja1 to Ja3 are provided between the main jets J1 to J3 at equal intervals (120 °) to perform construction.

The above-described embodiments have been described by way of example only and are not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, a case in which a boring hole having a regular square or pentagonal section is excavated in the ground is mainly described, but a hole having a desired regular N-sided sectional shape is excavated. In this case, the present invention is widely applicable. In addition, when drilling holes not only in the ground but also in very hard rock,
Alternatively, the present invention can be applied to drilling of various base materials in machining, such as cutting, grinding, or abrasive jet. It is noted that the present invention can be variously modified and changed.

[0087]

According to the present invention constructed as described above, a regular N-sided boring hole is excavated.
It can meet requests that were not possible before, and
Easy to implement or construct. The present invention can be applied not only to excavation of a hole in the ground but also to excavation of a bedrock or the like or machining.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the knowledge (A) that is the basis of the present invention, taking creation of a square hole as an example.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating creation of excavation in FIG. 1; (Θ = 0 °)

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a state of rotation from FIG. 2 (θ = 45 °);

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a state of rotation from FIG. 3 (θ = 90 °);

FIG. 5 is a view for explaining a state rotated from FIG. 4 (θ = 135 °);

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a state of rotation from FIG. 5 (θ = 180 °);

FIG. 7 is a view for explaining a state rotated from FIG. 6 (θ = 270 °);

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the trajectory of the tip of the rotating excavation bit shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 by an envelope.

FIG. 9 is a plan view for explaining knowledge (C) by excavating a pentagonal hole.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing still another example (hexagonal hole).

FIG. 11 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a triangular hole according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a square hole according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a pentagonal hole according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a hexagonal hole according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a heptagonal hole according to the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a plan view showing an embodiment of an octagonal hole according to the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a sectional view schematically showing one process of excavation according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a sectional view schematically showing one process of cutting the ground according to the embodiment of FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is a sectional view schematically showing one process of cutting the ground.

FIG. 20 is a sectional view schematically showing one process of cutting the ground.

FIG. 21 is a sectional view schematically showing one process of cutting the ground.

FIG. 22 is a sectional view schematically showing one step of ground cutting according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a sectional view schematically showing one process of the excavation in FIG. 22.

FIG. 24 is a sectional view schematically showing one process that has proceeded from FIG. 23;

FIG. 25 is a sectional view schematically showing one process that has proceeded from FIG. 24;

FIG. 26 is a plan view showing an example of a triangular hole according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a plan view showing an example of a square hole according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a plan view showing an example of a pentagonal hole according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 29 is a plan view showing an example of a hexagonal hole according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a plan view showing an example of a heptagonal hole according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a plan view showing an example of an octagonal hole according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 32 is a plan view showing a cross-sectional shape of a boring hole excavated according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 33 is a plan view showing a cross-sectional shape of a boring hole excavated according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 34 is a plan view showing an example of a triangular hole according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 35 is a plan view showing an example of a square hole according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 36 is a plan view showing an example of a pentagonal hole according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 37 is a plan view showing an example of a hexagonal hole according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 38 is a plan view showing an example of a heptagonal hole according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 39 is a plan view showing an example of an octagonal hole according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 40 is a plan view showing an example of a square hole according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 41 is a plan view showing an example in which the ratio between the revolution radius and the distance from the rotation center to the tip is changed from FIG. 40;

FIG. 42 is a plan view showing another example in which the ratio of the revolution radius and the distance from the rotation center to the tip is changed from that of FIG. 40;

FIG. 43 is a plan view showing an example of a hexagonal hole according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

44 is a plan view showing an example in which the ratio between the revolution radius and the distance from the rotation center to the tip is changed from that in FIG.

FIG. 45 is a plan view showing another example in which the ratio between the revolution radius and the distance from the rotation center to the tip is changed from that in FIG. 43;

FIG. 46 is a plan view showing a blade-shaped excavation bit used in an embodiment of the excavator of the present invention.

47 is a front sectional view showing a state in which a boring hole is excavated using the blade-shaped excavating bit shown in FIG. 46.

FIG. 48 is a view showing an example of a shape variable of a blade-shaped excavation bit.

FIG. 49 is a plan view showing an embodiment in which a secondary drill bit is provided.

FIG. 50 is a plan view showing an embodiment provided with a secondary jet.

FIG. 51 shows a tunnel with a circular cross section.

FIG. 52 is a view showing a tunnel having a rectangular cross section.

FIG. 53 is a diagram showing a case in which conventional ground excavation is performed by circular excavation.

FIG. 54 is a diagram showing a case where the entire ground excavation is performed by hexagonal excavation.

[Explanation of symbols]

 H: Excavation O: Excavation center R: Orbit circle T, P, T-1 ... Cutter (excavation bit) G: Center of gravity of excavation means r: Orbit circle radius θ: (Revolution) rotation angle φ, ψ ... excavation means (rotation) rotation angle

Claims (12)

[Claims] An excavation method for excavating a boring hole having a horizontal cross-sectional shape having an N-vertical shape and an N-vertex angle, wherein a boring bit having a regular (N-1) square-shaped contour is placed at the center of the boring hole. While rotating around the circumference of the radius “r” concentrically with the axis of rotation and rotating at an angular velocity “ω”, the positive (N−1)
The angular drill bit has a contour inscribed in a circle of radius (N-1) 2r, and the revolving angular velocity of the regular (N-1) angular drill bit is "(1-N) ω". The ratio of the distance from the center of rotation of the drill bit to the tip to the radial distance of the center of rotation of the regular (N-1) square drill bit from the center line of the borehole is 2
An excavation method characterized by a numerical value in a range not more than (N-1) 2 and not less than (1/4) (N-1) 2. 2. A drilling method for drilling a boring hole having an N-vertical shape and a substantially N-sided horizontal cross-sectional shape, wherein a drilling bit having a regular (N + 1) square contour is concentric with the center of the boring hole. And revolves around the circumference of the radius "r" while rotating at an angular velocity "ω".
The angular drill bit has a contour inscribed in a circle having a radius of “(N + 1) 2r”, and the revolving angular velocity of the positive (N + 1) square drill bit is “(N + 1) ω”, and the positive ( N + 1) The ratio of the distance from the center of rotation of the drill bit to the tip to the radial distance of the center of rotation of the square drill bit from the center line of the borehole is 2
An excavation method characterized by a numerical value in a range of (N + 1) 2 or less and (1/4) (N + 1) 2 or more. 3. An excavation method for excavating a boring hole having an N-vertical shape and a cross-sectional shape of a substantially N-sided shape, wherein a blade having N-1 or less blades radially arranged on a rod. Using a drill bit, the rod of the blade drill bit is provided radially spaced from a boring rod coaxial with the center line of the boring hole to be drilled, and the blade drill bit is rotated around the rod while rotating. When the angular speed at which the blade-shaped excavating bit rotates around the boring rod is “ω”, the angular speed at which the excavating bit revolves around the boring rod is “(1-
N) ω, and the ratio of the distance from the rotation center of the drill bit to the tip to the radial distance where the rotation center of the blade-shaped drill bit is separated from the center line of the boring hole is 2 (N−1) 2 or less. And (1/4) (N-1) 2
An excavation method characterized by a numerical value in the above range. 4. An excavation method for excavating a boring hole having an N-vertical shape and a cross section of a substantially N-corner shape, wherein blade-like excavation is configured by arranging N + 1 or less blades radially on a rod. Using a bit, a rod of the blade-shaped drilling bit is provided radially spaced from a boring rod coaxial with the center line of a boring hole to be drilled, and the boring rod is rotated while rotating the blade-shaped drilling bit around the rod. When the angular velocity at which the blade-shaped excavating bit rotates around the boring rod is “ω”, the angular velocity at which the excavating bit revolves around the boring rod is “(N +
1) ω ”, and the ratio of the distance from the rotation center of the drill bit to the tip to the radial distance in which the rotation center of the blade-shaped drill bit is separated from the center line of the boring hole is 2 (N + 1) 2 or less ( 1/4) (N + 1) 2
An excavation method characterized by a numerical value in the above range. 5. A drilling method for drilling a boring hole having an N-vertical shape and a substantially N-sided cross-sectional shape, wherein the boring rod is coaxial with a center line of the boring hole to be drilled, and provided on the boring rod. And a drilling monitor configured to rotate around the drilling monitor, and "N-1" provided at a peripheral portion of the drilling monitor and injecting drilling fluid in a radial direction while rotating around the monitor. And the angular velocity at which the monitor rotates around the boring rod is “(1-N) ω” when the angular velocity at which the nozzle rotates around the monitor is “ω”.
And the monitor sets the ratio of the reach of the drilling fluid to the radial distance away from the center line of the borehole to be (１ ／) (N−1) less than or equal to 2 (N−1) 2.
An excavation method characterized by a numerical value in a range of 2 or more. 6. A drilling method for drilling a boring hole having an N-vertical shape and a substantially N-sided cross-sectional shape, wherein a boring rod coaxial with a center line of the boring hole to be drilled, and provided on the boring rod. And a drilling monitor configured to rotate around the monitor, and N + 1 or less number of drilling monitors provided at the periphery of the monitor for drilling and radially injecting drilling fluid while rotating around the monitor When the angular velocity at which the nozzle rotates around the monitor is “ω”, the angular velocity at which the monitor rotates around the boring rod is “(N + 1) ω”.
And the monitor sets the ratio of the reach of the drilling fluid to the radial distance away from the center line of the borehole to be (１ ／) (N + 1) at 2 (N + 1) 2 or less.
An excavation method characterized by a numerical value in a range of 2 or more. 7. A drilling apparatus for drilling a boring hole having a horizontal cross-sectional shape of a regular N-sided polygon having N apex angles,
It has a regular (N-1) square drill bit, which has a contour inscribed in a circle of radius (N-1) 2r, and has a radius "r" concentric with the center of the borehole. The orbit is rotated at an angular velocity “ω” while revolving around the circumference, and the orbital angular velocity is configured to be “(1-N) ω”. The ratio of the distance from the rotation center of the drill bit to the tip to the radial distance whose center is separated from the center line of the boring hole is 2
An excavator characterized by a numerical value in a range of (N-1) 2 or less and (1/4) (N-1) 2 or more. 8. A drilling apparatus for drilling a borehole having a horizontal cross-sectional shape of a regular N-sided polygon having N apex angles,
It has a regular (N + 1) square drill bit, which has a contour inscribed in a circle of radius "(N + 1) 2 r", and has a circumference of radius "r" concentric with the center of the borehole. The orbit is rotated at an angular velocity “ω” while revolving upward, and the orbital angular velocity is configured to be “(N + 1) ω”. The center of rotation of the regular (N + 1) angular drill bit is defined by the boring hole. The ratio of the distance from the rotation center of the drill bit to the tip to the radial distance away from the center line is 2
An excavator characterized by a numerical value in a range of (N + 1) 2 or less and (1/4) (N + 1) 2 or more. 9. A drilling apparatus for drilling a boring hole having an N-vertical angle and a substantially N-sided cross-sectional shape, wherein a boring rod coaxial with a center line of the boring hole to be drilled, and "N- And a blade-shaped drill bit formed by radially arranging 1 or less blades, wherein a rod of the blade-shaped drill bit is provided radially apart from the boring rod and rotates around its periphery. When the angular velocity at which the blade-shaped excavation bit rotates around the rod is “ω”, the angular velocity at which the excavation bit revolves around the boring rod is “(1 −N) ω ”, and the rotation center of the blade-shaped excavation bit is located ahead of the rotation center of the bit with respect to the radial distance away from the center line of the boring hole. The ratio of the distance to the 2 (N-
1) An excavator having a numerical value in a range of not more than 2 and not less than (1/4) (N-1) 2. 10. A drilling apparatus for drilling a boring hole having a cross section of a substantially N-sided shape having N apex angles,
A boring rod coaxial with the center line of the boring hole to be drilled, and a blade-shaped drilling bit formed by radially arranging "N + 1" blades or less on the rod, and the rod of the blade-shaped drilling bit is provided. Is provided so as to be radially separated from the boring rod and revolves while rotating around the boring rod, and when the angular velocity at which the blade-shaped excavating bit rotates around the rod is ω The angular velocity at which the drill bit orbits around the boring rod is "(N + 1) ω", and the rotation center of the blade-shaped drill bit is rotated with respect to a radial distance away from the center line of the boring hole. The ratio of the distance from the center to the tip is 2
An excavator characterized by a numerical value in the range of (N + 1) 2 or less and (1/4) (N + 1) 2 or more. 11. A drilling apparatus for drilling a borehole having a cross-sectional shape of an N-vertical shape having N apex angles,
A boring rod coaxial with a center line of a boring hole to be excavated, a drilling monitor provided on the boring rod and configured to rotate around the boring rod, and a monitor provided on a peripheral portion of the drilling monitor and provided on the periphery thereof. `` N-1 '' or less nozzles for injecting drilling fluid in the radial direction while rotating around the monitor, and when the angular speed at which the nozzle rotates around the monitor is `` ω '', The angular velocity at which the monitor rotates around the boring rod is “(1-N)
ω ”, and the monitor sets the ratio of the reach distance of the drilling fluid to the radial distance apart from the center line of the borehole at 2 (N−1) 2 or less (1/4) (N−
1) An excavator characterized by a numerical value in the above range. 12. An excavator for excavating a boring hole having a regular N-sided cross section having N apex angles, and a boring rod coaxial with a center line of the boring hole to be excavated, and provided on the boring rod. And a drilling monitor configured to rotate around the monitor, and N + 1 or less number of drilling monitors provided at the periphery of the monitor for drilling and radially injecting drilling fluid while rotating around the monitor When the angular velocity at which the nozzle rotates around the monitor is “ω”, the angular velocity at which the monitor rotates around the boring rod is “(N + 1) ω”.
And the monitor sets the ratio of the reach of the drilling fluid to the radial distance away from the center line of the borehole to be (１ ／) (N + 1) at 2 (N + 1) 2 or less.
A drilling rig characterized by a numerical value in the range of 2 or more.