JPH1061382A - Polygonal hole excavating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To excavate a borehole with a cross section matching the purpose of use. SOLUTION: This polygonal hole excavating device excavates a borehole by rotating a cutter device mounted on its end. The cutter device comprises a rotating bit main body 36 and a planetary cutter 42 provided on the bit main body 36 to revolve on its own axis while rotating about the rotation center O of the bit main body 36. A borehole with a polygonal cross section is excavated by shaping the contour of the planetary cutter 42 corresponding to the ratio of the number of revolutions of the planetary cutter 42 to the number of its revolutions.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a polygonal hole drilling device, and more particularly to a polygonal hole drilling device for drilling a drilling hole having a polygonal cross section.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A shield excavator is one of excavators used for constructing a tunnel such as a subway, water supply and sewerage, and an underground passage by a shield method. In this shield excavator, a cutter having a face plate provided at a tip portion is rotated, and the ground is cut by the cutter to construct a tunnel.

[0003] By the way, this shield excavator has several times the size of the center bit on the face plate of the center bit provided at the tip so that the excavation can be performed efficiently even in a place where excavation is difficult, such as an alternate layered ground. There is one provided with a rotary cutter that rotates at a high speed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-252992). In this shield machine, in addition to the fixed bit provided on the face plate, the rotary cutter revolves while rotating on the face plate, so even if it encounters difficult ground such as clay, it can efficiently remove the ground. You can go digging.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned shield machine in which the hole is excavated by the rotating rotary cutter, the cross section of the excavated hole is circular.
Unable to drill rectangular drill holes. Further, when a rectangular tunnel is made by circular excavation, it is necessary to excavate an extra portion of the circular portion, which increases the cost and excavation efficiency is extremely poor.

The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a polygonal hole excavator capable of excavating an excavation hole having a cross section according to a purpose of use.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a polygonal hole drilling device for drilling a drilling hole having a polygonal cross section by rotating a cutter device attached to the tip. A bit body provided and driven to rotate, and a planetary cutter provided in an excavation portion of the bit body and revolving while rotating around the bit body while rotating, constitute the cutter device, and the contour shape of the planetary cutter. Is formed in accordance with the ratio between the rotation speed and the revolution speed of the planetary cutter, thereby excavating an excavation hole having a polygonal cross section.

According to the present invention, the excavation hole is excavated by the bit provided on the rotating bit main body and the planetary cutter provided on the excavating portion of the bit main body and revolving while rotating around the bit main body. . The cross-sectional shape of the excavation hole is determined by a combination of the ratio between the rotation speed and the revolution speed of the planetary cutter and the contour shape of the planetary cutter.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of a polygonal hole excavator according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an embodiment of a polygonal hole drilling apparatus according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the polygonal hole drilling apparatus 10 of the present embodiment is used when constructing a rectangular cross-section drilling hole by a shield method, and has a shield frame 12, 12 having a rectangular cross-section. …have.

A movable shoe 16 is connected to the distal end of the shield frame 12 via a plurality of steering jacks 14, 14,. The movable shoe 16 is propelled by extending the steering jack 14. In addition, the movable shoe 16 changes its propulsion direction by adjusting the amount of extension of each of the steering jacks 14.

The movable shoe 16 is formed so as to be able to be divided in the vicinity of a central portion thereof, and a joint portion thereof is formed by a center folding seal 1.
Sealed at 8. A tail seal 20 is provided at the rear end of the movable shoe 16, and the tail seal 20 is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the distal end of the shield frame 12 to seal the shield frame 12. As shown in FIG. 2, near the tip of the movable shoe 16, an isolation wall 16 is provided.
A is formed. A cylindrical bearing case 22 is integrally formed at the center of the front surface of the partition wall 16A. The bearing case 22 includes the bearing 2
A shaft 26 is rotatably supported via 4 and 24.

A gear 28 is formed on the outer periphery of the rear end of the shaft 26. The gear 28 is meshed with a gear 30, which is fixed to a shaft of a motor 32. The motor 32 is fixed to a gear case 34 integrally formed on the rear surface of the isolation wall 16A. By driving the motor 32, the shaft 26 rotates.

On the other hand, a disk-shaped bit body 36 is formed coaxially with the shaft 26 at the tip of the shaft 26. On the tip surface of the bit body 36,
As shown in FIG. 3, for example, a center bit 38 formed in a fan shape is provided. The center bit 38
Many metal chips 40, 40, ... are planted,
As the center bit 38 rotates, the ground is excavated in a circular shape.

Further, on the tip end surface of the bit body 36,
A pair of planetary cutters 42, 42 formed in a leaf shape are arranged at symmetrical positions. This planetary cutter 42, 4
Numeral 2 is fixed to the distal ends of shafts 42A, 42A rotatably supported by the bit body 36, and rotates about the shafts 42A, 42A when the shafts 42A, 42A rotate.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, a shaft 42A to which the planetary cutter 42 is fixed is rotatably supported by the bit body 36 via bearings 44,44. A planetary gear A is fixed substantially at the center of the shaft 42A, and the planetary gear A is meshed with a planetary idle gear B. The planet idle gear B is
The bit is fixed to a shaft 48 rotatably supported on the bit body 36 via bearings 46, 46, and is meshed with a sun gear C formed on the outer periphery of the end of the bearing case 22.

The bit main body 36 is rotated by driving the motor 32. When the bit main body 36 rotates, the planetary cutter 42 is provided on the bit main body 36, so that the planetary cutter 42 revolves around the center O of the bit main body 36. That is, when the bit body 36 rotates, the planet idle gear B revolves around the sun gear C. The rotation of the planetary idle gear B at that time is transmitted to the planetary gear A, and the planetary cutter 42 rotates.

That is, the planetary cutter 42 drives the motor 32 so that the bit body 36
Revolve around the center O and rotate around the shaft 42A. Here, in the planetary gear mechanism including the planetary gear A, the planetary idle gear B, and the sun gear C, the ratio between the number of revolutions and the number of revolutions of the planetary cutter 42 is adjusted by adjusting the gear ratio of each gear. Can be set arbitrarily. For example, when a rectangular drill hole is formed, in the polygonal hole drilling apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, the ratio of the revolution speed and the revolution speed of the planetary cutter 42 is 1: 1:
4, the planetary gear A and the planetary idle gear B
And the number of teeth of the sun gear C are set. As a result, the planetary cutter 42 rotates once when the bit body 36 rotates a quarter turn. At this time, the rotation direction of the bit body 36 and the rotation direction of the planetary cutter 42 are opposite to each other.

Further, in order to form a rectangular excavation hole, the revolution speed and the revolution speed of the planetary cutter 42 are set to 1: 4, and the contour shape of the planetary cutter 42 is set as follows. I do. Now, the cross-sectional shape of the drilling hole to be drilled by the polygonal hole drilling apparatus 10 of the present embodiment is shown in FIG.
Is a square L as shown by a two-dot broken line. This square L
In order to excavate the excavation hole, the planetary cutter 42 only needs to be always inscribed in the square L when revolving around itself. For this purpose, the contour shape of the planetary cutter 42 may be determined so that the locus of the farthest point from the orbital center O of the planetary cutter 42 becomes a square L by one revolution and four revolutions. .

[0018] In FIG. 5, a circle K shown by a dot-dashed line is a revolution locus of rotation center O _B of the planetary cutter 42. The points m ₁ , m ₂ ,... On this circle K move the planetary cutter 42 by θ °.
(Theta = 15) shows the position of the rotation center O _B of the case of rotating increments. Also, points P ₁ , P ₂ ,... On the square L
Indicates a point where a straight line connecting each point m ₁ , m ₂ ,... On the circle K and the center of revolution O intersects the square L.

Here, when the rotation center O _B of the planetary cutter 42 is located at the point m ₁ , the radius of the planetary cutter 42 must be l ₁ in order for the planetary cutter 42 to be inscribed in the square L. (L ₁ is the length of a straight line connecting the point m ₁ on the circle K and the point P ₁ on the square L). Further, when the planetary cutter 42 revolves from the position of the point m ₁ by θ ° and moves to the position of the point m ₂ , the radius of the planetary cutter 42 must be l ₂ in order for the planetary cutter 42 to inscribe the square L. Must. Similarly, if the planetary cutter 42 moves to the position of m ₃ , the radius of the planetary cutter 42 is l ₃ , m
If moved to the _fourth position should be l _4.

On the other hand, the planetary cutter 42 has an angle θ ° (θ
= 15) Revolve 4θ ° (4θ = 60) while revolving. From the above, when the planetary cutter 42 moves to the position of the point m ₂ , in order for the planetary cutter 42 to be inscribed in the square L, the radius at the position of 4θ ° counterclockwise from l ₁ is l _2. Should be fine. Further, when the planetary cutter 42 is located at the position of the point m ₃ , the radius at the position of 4θ ° in the counterclockwise direction from the above l ₂ may be l ₃ .

As described above, by sequentially determining the radius of the planetary cutter 42, the contour shape of the planetary cutter 42 is determined. As a result, the contour shape of the planetary cutter 42 becomes a leaf shape of a tree as shown in FIG. Becomes When the planetary cutter 42 having the contour set as described above rotates and revolves at a rotation speed ratio of revolving and rotating of 1: 4, the planetary cutter 42 rotates and revolves while always being inscribed in the square L. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, if metal chips 50, 50,... Are planted along the peripheral edge of the planetary cutter 42, the square L
Holes can be drilled.

As shown in FIG.
8 and the excavated earth and sand excavated by the planetary cutter 42 are taken into a chamber 52 formed between the bit body 36 and the isolation wall 16A, and the excavated earth and sand taken into the chamber 52 penetrates the isolation wall 16A. It is discharged by the screw conveyor 54 provided. The excavated earth and sand discharged from the screw conveyor 54 is loaded on the carrier 58 via the belt conveyor 56 provided in the shield frame 12, and is conveyed to the ground by the carrier 58.

In order to stabilize the cutting by the center bit 38 and the planetary cutter 42, the earth pressure in the chamber 52 needs to be maintained at a predetermined value. For this reason,
The discharge port 54A of the screw conveyor 54 is formed so that the opening amount can be adjusted. Further, stirring blades 60, 60,... Are erected on the rear surface of the bit body 36, and the excavated earth and sand filled in the chamber 52 is:
Stirring is performed by the stirring blade 60 that rotates together with the bit main body 36, and is prevented from sticking.

Further, an adhesive is supplied into the chamber 52 in order to prevent sticking of the excavated earth and sand filled in the chamber 52 and to protect the wall surface of the excavated hole. The attachment is supplied via a supply pipe 62 connected to the chamber 52, and is supplied under pressure from a supply tank (not shown). The operation of the embodiment of the polygonal hole drilling apparatus according to the present invention configured as described above is as follows.

As shown in FIG. 1, when the motor 32 is driven, the shaft 26 is rotated, whereby the bit body 3 is rotated.
6 rotates. By rotating the bit body 36,
The center bit 38 and a pair of planetary cutters 42 provided on the bit body 36 rotate about the center O of the bit body 36, and the ground is excavated by the rotating center bit 38 and the planetary cutter 42.

Here, since the center bit 38 is fixed to the bit body 36, the cross section of the drilled hole drilled by the rotation of the center bit 38 is circular. On the other hand, the planetary cutter 42 rotates (revolves) about the center O of the bit main body 36 by the rotation of the bit main body 36, and accordingly, the planetary cutter 42 rotates the planetary gear A, the planetary idle Gear B
The bit body 36 rotates (rotates) about the shaft 42A in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the bit body 36 by the action of the planetary gear mechanism constituted by the sun gear C and the sun gear C. Now, the planetary gear mechanism is set so that the ratio of the revolution speed and the rotation speed of the planetary cutter 42 is 1: 4, whereby the planetary cutter 42 is operated by the bit body 36 once. While rotating, it rotates four times in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation.

FIG. 6 shows how the planetary cutter 42 revolves around itself. FIG. 7A shows a state before starting, that is, when the vehicle is stopped. Also, in FIGS. 3B, 3C, 3D, and 3E, the bit body 36 is shifted from the state of FIG.
The state at the time of rotating by 60 °, 60 °, and 90 ° is shown. The trajectory indicated by the broken line a in FIG.
2 is the locus of the metal chip with the number 50a implanted in the second, and the locus indicated by the broken line b is the locus of the metal chip with the number 50b implanted in the planetary cutter 42.

As shown in FIGS. 3A to 3E, when the bit main body 36 rotates, the planetary cutter 42 rotates.
Is inscribed in a square L indicated by a two-dot broken line in FIG.
Revolve. As a result, the outer peripheral portion of the circular drilling hole (the circle M indicated by the two-dot broken line in FIG. 6) drilled by the rotation of the center bit 38 is drilled by the planetary cutter 42 that rotates and revolves. The result is a square L borehole.

As described above, in the polygonal hole drilling apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, the profile of the planetary cutter 42 that rotates and revolves on the bit body 36 is changed to the cross-sectional shape of the hole to be drilled and the rotation of the planetary revolving shaft. By setting the shape to a predetermined shape according to a numerical ratio, a rectangular (square L) excavation hole can be easily excavated by a method that is not different from a normal excavation method.

In this embodiment, a case where a square excavation hole is excavated has been described.
By variously changing the combination of the contour shape of No. 2 and the ratio between the revolution and the revolution, it is possible to excavate the excavation holes having various cross-sectional shapes. FIG. 7 shows an example of this. When the ratio between the rotation speed and the revolution speed is set to 2: 1 using the planetary cutter 42 having the contour shape shown in FIG. it can. Note that the method of determining the contour shape of the planetary cutter at this time is the same as in the case of excavating the square L excavation hole described in the present embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted. In addition, by setting the ratio of the rotation speed of the planetary cutter to the revolution speed of the planetary cutter at 3: 1 and forming the contour shape of the planetary cutter, a triangular hole can be excavated. Further, depending on the setting method, a hexagonal shape (rotation: revolution = 6: 1), an octagonal shape (rotation: revolution = 8:
The drilling hole of 1) can be freely drilled.

Further, the polygonal hole drilling apparatus 1 of the present embodiment
In the example of 0, the present invention is applied to a shield excavator, but as shown in FIG. 8, the present invention can be applied to a continuous wall excavator. The continuous wall excavator 70 shown in the figure is equipped with two excavators 72, 72 according to the present invention, and excavates a square hole with each other to form a rectangle N shown by a two-dot broken line in the figure as a whole. Drilling holes. Wall excavator 70
Is substantially the same as that described in the present embodiment, and a bit main body 74 is provided with a center bit 76 and planetary cutters 78, 78 which revolve and revolve. In addition, the rotation speed and the revolution speed of the planetary cutter 78 are set to 4: 1. Therefore, the contour shape of the planetary cutter 78 is the same as that of the planetary cutter 42 described in the present embodiment. Is formed.

As shown in the figure, the wall excavator 70 is suspended by a wire rope 80 and excavates by its own weight. Is sucked by a pump 84 and discharged through a reverse pipe 86. Further, the mechanism of the present embodiment includes the bit body, the planetary cutter, the planetary idle gear, and the sun gear. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the same movement can be performed using the bit body, the planetary cutter, and the internal gear. .

Although not shown, the present invention can be applied to a ground improvement machine or the like.

[0034]

As described above, according to the present invention,
An excavation hole having a cross section suitable for the purpose of use can be excavated with an excavator having a simple configuration.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing the entire configuration of a polygonal hole drilling apparatus.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of the polygonal hole drilling device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for setting a contour shape of a planetary cutter.

FIGS. 6A to 6E are explanatory diagrams illustrating the movement of a planetary cutter.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the contour shape of the planetary cutter under another setting condition.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a configuration of a multiwall excavator to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 9 is a bottom view of FIG. 8;

[Explanation of symbols]

 10: Polygonal hole drilling device 36: Bit body 38: Center bit 42: Planetary cutter

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A polygonal hole drilling device for drilling a drilled hole having a polygonal cross section by rotating a cutter device attached to the tip, comprising: a bit body provided with a bit and driven to rotate; and a drilling portion of the bit body. And a planetary cutter that revolves while revolving with the rotation of the bit main body, constitutes the cutter device, and adjusts the contour shape of the planetary cutter according to the ratio of the number of revolutions of the planetary cutter to the number of revolutions of the planetary cutter. A polygonal hole drilling device characterized in that a drilling hole having a polygonal cross section is drilled by forming the hole.