CN114439374A

CN114439374A - Follow-up reaming bit and rotary drilling machine

Info

Publication number: CN114439374A
Application number: CN202210224832.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程大丹; 王祎; 张冰; 水俊峰
Original assignee: Wuhan Ouzhan Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Wuhan Ouzhan Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-09
Filing date: 2022-03-09
Publication date: 2022-05-06

Abstract

The application provides a follow-up reaming bit and rotary drilling machine, follow-up reaming bit include the base member and a plurality of smear metal drill bit. The base body is used for being connected with the drill rod and is used for rotating under the driving of the drill rod. A plurality of chip drills are each movably connected to the base body. A plurality of cutting bits are arranged at intervals on the circumference of the base body with the circle center positioned on the rotation axis of the base body; each chip drill can, when moving relative to the basic body, project beyond the area enclosed by the outer contour of the basic body in the orthographic projection in the direction of extension of the rotation axis. The drill bit can realize drilling type reaming, the reaming depth can not be limited to the height of the drill bit, the reaming depth is adjustable, and the use is flexible and convenient. In particular, drilling-in reaming can be carried out in the rock layer, so that sufficient space is provided for the bore section of the casing extending into the rock layer.

Description

Follow-up reaming bit and rotary drilling machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to a follow-up reaming bit and a rotary drilling machine.

Background

The rotary drilling rig is a comprehensive drilling rig and at least has the characteristics of high hole forming speed, low pollution, strong maneuverability and the like. At present, short auger bit rotary excavators can perform dry excavation operations, while rotary drill bit rotary excavators can perform wet excavation operations with a mud retaining wall. Meanwhile, the rotary drilling machine can be matched with a hammer to drill and dig holes after a hard stratum is broken. In addition, in the operation process of the rotary drilling machine, when the hole diameters of the drilled holes are different, an initial hole needs to be drilled by using a drill bit with a small diameter, then the hole expanding operation is further performed by using a hole expanding drill bit at the depth position needing hole expanding, in addition, the existing hole expanding stratum is generally a soil layer, and the hole expanding operation cannot be performed on a rock layer.

The inventor researches and discovers that the existing rotary drilling reamer has the following defects:

the process is tedious, the inefficiency, and the depth control of reaming is inconvenient.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a follow-up reaming drill bit and a rotary excavating machine, which can simplify a reaming process, shorten the construction period and improve the working efficiency, and the reaming depth can be selected as required, so that the follow-up reaming drill bit and the rotary excavating machine are flexible and convenient.

The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:

in a first aspect, the present invention provides a follow-up reamer bit comprising:

a base body for connection with a drill rod;

the plurality of chip drill bits are movably connected with the base body and are arranged at intervals on the circumference of which the circle center is positioned on the rotation axis of the base body; each chip drill can extend, when moving relative to the base body, outside an area enclosed by an outer contour of an orthographic projection of the base body in the extension direction of the rotation axis.

In an alternative embodiment, the chip drill is rotatably connected to the basic body.

In an alternative embodiment, the base body comprises a bearing cylinder and a plurality of mounting blocks, one end of the bearing cylinder is open, and the plurality of mounting blocks are connected with the bearing cylinder and are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the bearing cylinder; the plurality of chip drill bits are rotatably connected with the plurality of mounting blocks in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and each chip drill bit can extend out of the bearing cylinder from the opening when rotating relative to the base body; the bearing cylinder is used for being connected with the drill rod.

In an alternative embodiment, the mounting block comprises a base and two mounting plates, the base is fixedly connected with the carrying cylinder, the two mounting plates are fixedly connected with the base and are arranged oppositely, and the chip drill bit is arranged between the two mounting plates and is rotatably connected with the two mounting plates.

In an alternative embodiment, the chip drill is provided with a guide bevel at an angle to the rotational axis of the basic body, which guide bevel is used to impart a tendency of the chip drill to rotate out of the region under the influence of an external force.

In an alternative embodiment, the chip cutting drill comprises a mounting body and a chip body, the mounting body is movably connected with the base body, the chip body is connected with the mounting body, and the hardness of the chip body is greater than that of the mounting body; the chip body is adapted to extend outside the area when the chip drill bit is moved relative to the basic body.

In an alternative embodiment, the mounting body is detachably connected with the chip body.

In an alternative embodiment, the base body is provided with a slot for inserting the drill rod.

In an alternative embodiment, the base body is provided with a limiting portion for abutting against the chip drill during extension of the chip drill out of the region, so as to limit movement of the chip drill relative to the base body in a direction of extension out of the region.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a rotary excavation machine, comprising:

the follow-up reamer bit of any one of the preceding embodiments.

The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:

in summary, the follow-up reaming bit provided by this embodiment, when in use, a normal bit is used to drill a hole, and when the hole is drilled to a depth that needs to be reamed, the follow-up reaming bit is placed in the initial hole and abuts against the bottom wall of the initial hole, then the plurality of cutting bits are expanded outwards, that is, the plurality of cutting bits are moved relative to the substrate to extend out of the substrate and embedded into the hole wall of the initial hole, so that the area surrounded by the outer edges of the cutting bits is larger than the hole diameter of the initial hole, then the drill rod is used to transmit torque to the substrate, the substrate drives the plurality of cutting bits to rotate together around the rotation axis of the substrate, the plurality of cutting bits cooperate to perform drilling operation, and the hole diameter of the drilled hole is larger than the hole diameter of the initial hole. In addition, in the drilling process, pressure is applied to the base body, the whole follow-up reaming bit can move along the set direction, and the moving distance is determined by the reaming depth. That is, follow-up reaming drill bit can advance along the depth direction in hole when reaming to can satisfy the reaming demand of the different degree of depth, application scope is wide. And the following reaming drill bit is used for synchronously drilling and reaming, a small-diameter hole does not need to be drilled in advance in the reaming hole section, the drilling process is saved, the drilling period is shortened, and the drilling efficiency is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a follow-up reamer head according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view, partially in section, of a follow-up reamer bit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of another perspective of a follow-up reamer head according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a further perspective of a follow-up reamer bit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the expanded configuration of the chip drill according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Icon:

100-a substrate; 110-a carrier cylinder; 111-a limiting part; 120-closing plate; 130-a connecting cylinder; 140-a mounting block; 150-a reinforcing plate; 160-annular fixed plate; 200-a chip drill; 210-a mounting body; 220-a rotating shaft; 230-chip body.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or pendant, but rather may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

At present, in the process of drilling, especially in the process of drilling a soil layer, in order to provide a certain supporting force, the partial aperture of the soil layer needs to be enlarged, namely the aperture is enlarged again at the set depth of the drilled hole. During operation, the hole expanding equipment is deeply drilled, hole expanding operation is carried out after the preset position is reached, the depth of a hole expanding section is determined according to the height of the hole expanding equipment, and drilling type hole expanding cannot be carried out. Meanwhile, in the prior art, the hole expansion can not be carried out on the rock layer, and the drilling type hole expansion can not be carried out.

In view of this, the designer has designed a follow-up reaming drill bit, can realize the formula of creeping into reaming to the degree of depth of reaming can not confine the height of drill bit self, and the reaming degree of depth is adjustable, and it is nimble convenient to use. In particular, drilling-in reaming can be carried out in the rock layer, so that sufficient space is provided for the bore section of the casing extending into the rock layer.

Referring to fig. 1-5, in the present embodiment, the follow-up reamer includes a base 100 and a plurality of chip bits 200. The base body 100 is used for connecting with a drill rod and is driven by the drill rod to rotate. A plurality of chip drills 200 are each movably connected to the base body 100. A plurality of chip drill bits 200 are arranged at intervals on a circumference having a center on the rotational axis 220 line of the base 100; each chip drill 200 is capable of extending, when moved relative to the basic body 100, outside the area enclosed by the outer contour of the orthographic projection of the basic body 100 in the direction of extension of the axis of rotation 220.

Referring to fig. 2 and 5, in use, when a hole is drilled by using a normal drill, when the hole is drilled to a depth required to be reamed, the follow-up reamer bit is placed in the initial hole and abuts against the bottom wall of the initial hole, then the plurality of chip bits 200 are expanded outward, that is, the plurality of chip bits 200 are moved relative to the substrate 100 to extend out of the substrate 100 and to be embedded into the hole wall of the initial hole, so that the area defined by the outer edges of the chip bits 200 is larger than the hole diameter of the initial hole, then, the torque is transmitted to the substrate 100 by using the drill rod, the substrate 100 drives the plurality of chip bits 200 to rotate together around the rotation axis 220 of the substrate 100, the plurality of chip bits 200 cooperate to perform drilling operation, and the hole diameter of the drilled hole is larger than the hole diameter of the initial hole. In addition, during drilling, pressure is applied to the base body 100, the entire follow-up reamer can travel in a set direction, and the travel distance is determined by the depth of the reamer. That is, follow-up reaming drill bit can advance along the depth direction in hole when reaming to can satisfy the reaming demand of the different degree of depth, application scope is wide. And the following hole expanding drill bit is used for synchronously drilling and expanding holes, a small-diameter hole does not need to be drilled in advance in the hole expanding section, the drilling process is saved, the drilling period is shortened, and the drilling efficiency is improved.

The follow-up reaming bit provided by the embodiment can provide enough torque and pressure, so that reaming drilling operation can be performed on a rock layer, and the reaming depth is controllable.

In this embodiment, the base body 100 may optionally include a carrier cylinder 110, a cover plate 120, a connector cylinder 130, and a plurality of mounting blocks 140. The carrying cylinder 110 is formed in a cylindrical shape, one end of the carrying cylinder 110 is open, and the other end is provided with a sealing plate 120. The closing plate 120 is provided with a connecting cylinder 130, the connecting cylinder 130 is a regular polygon cylinder, the outer cylinder wall of the connecting cylinder 130 is fixedly connected with the closing plate 120 through a reinforcing plate 150, and the reinforcing plate 150 is a right-angled triangular plate. The number of the reinforcing plates 150 is plural, and the plural reinforcing plates 150 are arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction of the connecting cylinder 130. The connecting cylinder 130 is used for inserting and connecting the drill rod, and the connecting cylinder 130 is a regular polygon cylinder, a cylinder cavity of the connecting cylinder 130 is a regular polygon, the cylinder cavity can be inserted and connected with the drill rod in a matched mode, the connecting cylinder and the drill rod cannot rotate relatively, and torque transmission is facilitated. For example, the connector barrel 130 is a regular hexagonal barrel. It should be understood that the cartridge cavity of the connector cartridge 130 may also be referred to as a socket.

It should be understood that the carrier cylinder 110, the cover plate 120, the connector cylinder 130 and the reinforcement plate 150 may all be secured by welding.

Optionally, a plurality of mounting blocks 140 are disposed at the open end of the carrying cylinder 110, and the plurality of mounting blocks 140 are uniformly spaced in the circumferential direction of the carrying cylinder 110. Each mounting block 140 includes a base and two mounting plates. Further, the open end of the bearing cylinder 110 is provided with an annular fixing plate 160, the annular fixing plate 160 is a circular ring plate, the annular fixing plate 160 and the bearing cylinder 110 are coaxially arranged, the base and the annular fixing plate 160 deviate from one side of the sealing plate 120 and are fixedly connected, the two mounting plates are fixedly connected with the base and are oppositely arranged, and the chip drill bit 200 is arranged between the two mounting plates and is rotatably connected with the two mounting plates. For example, the base may be welded to the annular securing plate 160, or the base may be bolted to the annular securing plate 160. Further, be provided with the mounting hole on every mounting panel, the mounting hole is the circular port, and two mounting holes on two mounting panels are coaxial to the axis of the line of two mounting holes crosses the axis of bearing a section of thick bamboo 110, and that is, the axis of mounting hole extends along the tangential direction of bearing a section of thick bamboo 110.

It should be noted that the plurality of mounting blocks 140 on the annular fixing plate 160 may be arranged in a plurality of circles, each circle of the mounting blocks 140 is located on the same circumference, and the plurality of circles of the mounting blocks 140 have a distance in the radial direction of the bearing cylinder 110, so that the drilling capability is stronger.

In this embodiment, optionally, a chip drill 200 is rotatably attached to each mounting block 140. Specifically, each cutting bit includes a mounting body 210 and a chip body 230, the mounting body 210 being connected with the chip body 230. The mounting body 210 is provided with a rotating shaft 220, and the rotating shaft 220 is simultaneously inserted into the mounting holes of the two mounting plates of the same mounting block 140. The chip drill bit 200 is provided with a split structure, so that the chip drill bit is convenient to machine, the hardness of the chip body 230 is greater than that of the installation body 210, the chip body 230 is in direct contact with the ground, the required strength is higher, the environment is more complex, the chip drill bit needs to be made of materials with stronger performance, the installation body 210 is only used for transmitting torque, and therefore the material cost of the installation body 210 is lower than that of the chip body 230, and therefore the cost is reduced. Further, the mounting body 210 is detachably connected to the chip body 230, and when the chip body 230 is damaged and needs to be replaced, a new chip body 230 can be mounted on the mounting body 210. After the cutting chip 230 is in contact with the ground, by applying an external force to the bearing cylinder 110, the cutting chip 230 can be caused to protrude out of the region when moving relative to the base body 100, thereby performing a hole enlarging operation. For example, in the present embodiment, the chip body 230 is rotatably coupled to the mounting body 210 with the axis of rotation perpendicular to the axis of the mounting hole. In this way, the chip 230 can rotate during the chip cutting operation, thereby avoiding jamming and reducing the failure rate. Meanwhile, the chip body 230 is provided in a truncated cone shape, that is, the chip body 230 is rotatably engaged with the mounting body 210 about the axis of the chip body 230, and the outer peripheral surface of the chip body 230 is a guide slope.

It should be noted that the following reamer bit is basically vertically arranged in a normal operation state, that is, the drilling direction is vertical, and when the following reamer bit is in the normal operation state, the cutting element 230 tends to rotate from outside to inside under the action of gravity, so that the cutting element 230 does not protrude out of an area surrounded by an outline of a forward projection of the bearing cylinder 110 in the extending direction of the rotation axis 220. As such, the follow-up reamer bit can facilitate entry into the borehole and reach the bottom of the borehole. When the chip head contacts the bottom wall of the bore hole, and an external force is applied to the base 100 along the rotation axis 220, in order to ensure that the chip head can smoothly rotate from inside to outside and thus extend out of the bearing cylinder 110, a guiding inclined surface is disposed on a side of the chip head away from the sealing plate 120. In other words, when the follow-up reaming bit is in a normal operation state, the guiding inclined plane forms an included angle with the rotation axis 220, and the side of the guiding inclined plane close to the closing plate 120 is closer to the rotation axis 220 than the side of the guiding inclined plane close to the closing plate 120, so that when the cuttings 230 contact the bottom wall of the drilling hole, the guiding inclined plane actually contacts the bottom wall of the drilling hole, pressure is applied to the bottom wall of the drilling hole from the hole opening of the drilling hole, the bearing cylinder 110 transmits the pressure to the cuttings 230, and thus each cuttings 230 can rotate from inside to outside relative to the bearing cylinder 110 under the action of the guiding inclined plane, so as to protrude out of the bearing cylinder 110 and be inserted into the hole wall, when torque is transmitted to the cuttings 230 through the bearing cylinder 110, the cuttings 230 can perform reaming operation, and when pressure is applied to the bearing cylinder 110, the cuttings 230 can continue to advance along the drilling depth, thereby realizing follow-up reaming.

In addition, it should be noted that the guide slope is provided with a tooth socket, thereby facilitating the drilling operation.

When the mounting blocks 140 are arranged in multiple circles, each circle of the mounting blocks 140 is correspondingly provided with a circle of the cutting bodies 230, the radius of the reaming hole is determined by the distance that the cutting bodies 230 at the outermost circle extend out of the bearing cylinder 110, and the cutting bodies 230 at the inner side of the outermost circle are mainly used for breaking rocks, so that the drilling operation is completed. It should be understood that the core function of the follow-up reamer bit is to perform drilling reaming, the hole drilled may be an annular hole, and the core in the middle may be removed by a coring procedure to obtain a complete hole. Obviously, when the radius of reaming is larger, the follow-up reaming bit can adopt multiple reaming operations to finally obtain the hole with the required aperture. In some scenarios, the follow-up reaming bit can perform one reaming operation to obtain a hole with a desired aperture.

In this embodiment, optionally, a limiting portion 111 is disposed on the carrying cylinder 110. The stopper 111 is adapted to abut against the chip drill 200 during the rotation of the chip drill 200 from the inside to the outside of the protruding area, so as to restrict the chip drill 200 from rotating relative to the support cylinder 110 in the direction outside the protruding area, thereby controlling the maximum rotation angle of the chip drill 200. Through setting up spacing portion 111, can guarantee that cutting chip 230 effectively contacts with the hole bottom wall all the time, the difficult condition that cutting chip 230 transition rotation and cause the weakening with hole bottom wall contact force that appears is difficult for, and the difficult dead condition of card that appears is difficult for the fault rate, operation safe and reliable.

It should be understood that the limiting portion 111 may be an edge of the open end of the carrying cylinder 110, and the edge can only limit the rotation range of the most outer circle of the cutting chips 230, while the rotation range of the rest of the cutting chips 230 is naturally limited after the rotation range of the most outer circle of the cutting chips 230 is limited.

It should be understood that the drag bit 200 may be divided into two categories, one for drilling and reaming, and another for cutting earth formations to achieve drilling, which does not have a reaming function. A reaming type drill bit can be rotated outward to extend out of the carrier 110 and inserted into the bore wall to effect reaming. The drill bit which does not need to be reamed can be set to be rotary type or fixed type.

Also, in other embodiments, the chip drill bit 200 for reaming may function to extend out of the carrier cylinder 110 by sliding or the like.

The follow-up reaming bit that this embodiment provided can creep into along hole depth direction in reaming to obtain the reaming section of setting for the degree of depth as required, the construction is convenient nimble, and application range is wide. Meanwhile, the drilling and reaming can be carried out on the rock layer, and the function is strong.

The embodiment also provides a rotary drilling machine which comprises a power box, a drill rod and the follow-up reaming bit mentioned in the embodiment, wherein the power box is connected with the drill rod and provides torque for the drill rod. The drill rod is inserted in the connecting cylinder 130, transmitting torque and pressure forces to the carrier cylinder 110 and to the chip drill bit 200. The rotary drilling machine can perform drilling and reaming operation, is flexible in construction, high in efficiency and high in pore-forming quality.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A follow-up reamer bit, comprising:

a base body for connection with a drill rod;

2. The follow-up reamer bit of claim 1, wherein:

the chip drill bit is rotatably connected with the base body.

3. The follow-up reamer bit of claim 2, wherein:

the base body comprises a bearing cylinder and a plurality of mounting blocks, one end of the bearing cylinder is open, and the mounting blocks are connected with the bearing cylinder and are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the bearing cylinder; the plurality of chip drill bits are rotatably connected with the plurality of mounting blocks in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and each chip drill bit can extend out of the bearing cylinder from the opening when rotating relative to the base body; the bearing cylinder is used for being connected with the drill rod.

4. The follow-up reamer bit of claim 3, wherein:

the installation piece includes base and two mounting panels, the base with bearing cylinder fixed connection, two mounting panels all with base fixed connection just sets up relatively, the smear metal drill bit is located between two mounting panels and simultaneously with two mounting panels rotationally connect.

5. The follow-up reamer bit of claim 2, wherein:

the chip drill bit is provided with a guide inclined surface, an included angle is formed between the guide inclined surface and the rotation axis of the base body, and the guide inclined surface is used for enabling the chip drill bit to have a rotation tendency of extending out of the area under the action of external force.

6. The follow-up reamer bit of claim 1, wherein:

the chip drill bit comprises a mounting body and a chip body, wherein the mounting body is movably connected with the base body, the chip body is connected with the mounting body, and the hardness of the chip body is greater than that of the mounting body; the chip body is adapted to extend outside the area when the chip drill bit is moved relative to the basic body.

7. The follow-up reamer bit of claim 6, wherein:

the mounting body is detachably connected with the chip body.

8. The follow-up reamer bit of claim 1, wherein:

and the base body is provided with a slot for the insertion of the drill rod.

9. The follow-up reamer bit of claim 1, wherein:

the base body is provided with a limiting part, and the limiting part is used for abutting against the chip drill bit in the process that the chip drill bit extends out of the area so as to limit the chip drill bit to move relative to the base body along the direction extending out of the area.

10. A rotary excavation machine, comprising:

the follow-up reamer bit of any one of claims 1-9.